A hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogenation supercharging device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device for a hydrogen fuel cell, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, including: an electric stack; an oxygen subsystem; a hydrogen subsystem; a pressurization system, a water circulation system. The high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder drives the turbine in the first installation shell to rotate and transmits the rotating force to the rotor shaft, losing part of the pressure and entering the fourth installation shell body and then dispersing into the exchange pipes for humidification; the rotor shaft drives the eccentric wheel to intermittently squeeze the piston. When the piston is squeezed by force, the liquid oxygen originally stored in the oxygen delivery pipeline enters the third installation shell under the action of the one-way valve. When the piston returns to its original position under the action of elasticity, the negative pressure inside sucks the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen cylinder into the oxygen delivery pipeline for replenishment; realizing that the pressurization system is used for the pressurization of oxygen under the action of the hydrogen subsystem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly to a high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device for hydrogen fuel cells. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells have the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, zero emissions, and long endurance mileage, and have been widely used in various scenarios such as transportation, stationary power generation, and backup power supplies. The stack in a hydrogen fuel cell is very sensitive to the flow rate and pressure of air and hydrogen. Since oxygen molecules in the air need to pass through the gas diffusion layer and the microporous layer to reach the catalyst layer and react on the catalyst layer to generate electric energy, when the air pressure or flow rate is too low, the output power and efficiency of the stack will be greatly reduced. And if the air flow rate is insufficient, very little air reaches the back end of the stack, causing serious mass transfer polarization at the back end and resulting in too low local voltage, which will cause the stack to fail to work properly.

[0003] Generally, an air compressor is provided in a hydrogen fuel cell in the prior art. The air compressor is used to increase the flow rate and pressure of the air entering the stack, and can meet the air required for the efficient operation of the hydrogen fuel cell in plain areas. As the altitude increases, the atmospheric pressure decreases. In high-altitude areas, that is, in the space with an altitude of 1 km to 5 km, a conventional air compressor operates at a high power and can meet the demand for the air flow rate of the stack. However, since the atmospheric pressure has dropped to 50% - 80% of that in plain areas, to achieve the working pressure of the stack in plain areas, the compression capacity of the air compressor needs to increase exponentially. Limited by the working principle of the air compressor, the compression capacity of the air compressor cannot increase exponentially. Therefore, the hydrogen fuel cell in the prior art is difficult to meet the demand for air pressure of the stack in high-altitude areas, and the power and efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell will be greatly reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that in the prior art, the hydrogen fuel cell in high-altitude areas is difficult to meet the demand for air pressure of the stack, and the power and efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell will be greatly reduced, and to propose a high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device for hydrogen fuel cells.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device, comprising: a fuel cell stack configured to generate electricity through the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen with an electrolyte; an oxygen subsystem including an oxygen delivery pipeline, one end of the oxygen delivery pipeline is equipped with a liquid oxygen cylinder, and the other end of the oxygen delivery pipeline is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack; a hydrogen subsystem including a hydrogen delivery pipeline, one end of the hydrogen delivery pipeline is equipped with a hydrogen cylinder, and the other end of the hydrogen delivery pipeline is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack; a pressurization system, the first inlet end of the pressurization system is communicated with the oxygen delivery pipeline, the second inlet end of the pressurization system is communicated with the hydrogen delivery pipeline, and the pressurization system is used for the pressurization of oxygen under the action of the hydrogen subsystem.

[0007] In order to pressurize oxygen under the action of the hydrogen subsystem, preferably, the pressurization system includes: a first mounting shell fixedly installed on the hydrogen delivery pipeline, a turbine is rotatably installed in the first mounting shell; a second mounting housing fixedly installed on the oxygen delivery pipeline, a piston is elastically installed in the second mounting housing, one side of the piston abuts against an eccentric wheel, and a rotor shaft is fixedly installed between the eccentric wheel and the turbine; check valves are fixedly installed in the oxygen delivery pipelines at both ends of the second mounting housing, and the working directions of the two check valves are opposite.

[0008] In order to further increase the oxygen pressure, further, it further includes: a third mounting housing fixedly installed on the oxygen delivery pipeline, an installation cavity is provided in the third mounting housing, and a heat exchange pipe is fixedly installed in the installation cavity; a relief valve fixedly installed in the output port of the third mounting housing.

[0009] In order to control the hydrogen pressure required for the fuel cell stack 1 through an intake control valve, further, an intake control valve is fixedly installed on the hydrogen delivery pipeline.

[0010] In order to dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack, further, it further includes a water circulation system; a cooling pipeline is fixedly connected to the fuel cell stack, a deionized water tank and a water pump are fixedly installed on the cooling pipeline; a thermostat, a first branch pipe is fixedly installed between the first outlet end of the thermostat and the water pump, an electric heater is fixedly installed on the first branch pipe, a second branch pipe is fixedly installed between the second outlet end of the thermostat and the water pump, a radiator is fixedly installed on the second branch pipe, and a third branch pipe is fixedly connected between the third outlet end of the thermostat and the heat exchange pipe.

[0011] In order to ensure that the temperature difference between the water inlet and the water outlet of the fuel cell stack 1 is small, further, water temperature measuring devices are fixedly installed on both the third branch pipe and the cooling pipeline.

[0012] In order to humidify the dry hydrogen, preferably, a fourth installation housing is fixedly installed on the hydrogen delivery pipeline. A reflux pipe is fixedly connected between the fourth installation housing and the fuel cell stack, and a hydrogen discharge valve is fixedly installed on the reflux pipe. A circulation pipe is fixedly connected between the fourth installation housing and the hydrogen delivery pipeline, and a hydrogen circulation pump is fixedly installed on the circulation pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, two plugging plates are symmetrically installed in the fourth installation housing, and an exchange pipe arranged horizontally is fixedly installed between the two plugging plates.

[0014] In order to form water mist to mix with hydrogen better, furthermore, a water collection tank is arranged at the bottom inside the fourth installation housing, and an atomization sheet and a fan blade are fixedly installed in the water collection tank. The working direction of the fan blade faces the exchange pipe.

[0015] In order to make the dispersion direction of the water mist upward, furthermore, an impeller is rotatably installed in the oxygen delivery pipeline. A connecting shaft is coaxially installed on the impeller, and one end of the connecting shaft far away from the impeller extends into the water collection tank and is in transmission connection with the fan blade through a gear.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device for a hydrogen fuel cell, having the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. For this high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device of the hydrogen fuel cell, the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder pushes the turbine in the first installation housing to rotate and transmits the rotating force to the rotor shaft. On the one hand, part of the pressure is lost and enters the fourth installation housing and then is dispersed into the exchange pipe for humidification. On the other hand, the rotor shaft drives the eccentric wheel to intermittently squeeze the piston. When the piston is squeezed by force, the liquid oxygen originally stored in the oxygen delivery pipeline enters the third installation housing under the action of the one-way valve. When the piston returns to its original position under the action of elasticity, the negative pressure inside sucks the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen cylinder into the oxygen delivery pipeline for replenishment. A large amount of heat is generated when the liquid oxygen is pressurized, turning the originally liquid oxygen into gaseous oxygen and storing it in the third installation housing. When the internal pressure value of the third installation housing is greater than the preset value, the internal oxygen sprays towards the air side of the fuel cell stack from the overflow valve, and the heat exchange pipe exchanges the heat generated by the fuel cell stack reaction with the oxygen temperature, which can improve the activity of the oxygen and promote the progress of the oxidation-reduction reaction, thereby further increasing the energy output of the fuel cell stack;

[0018] 2. In this hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device, during the transportation of oxygen, the impeller is pushed to rotate and the rotational force is transmitted to the connecting shaft. The connecting shaft drives the fan blades to rotate through a gear transmission method. The unreacted hydrogen and water enter the space between the two sealing plates in the fourth installation shell through the return pipe. The hydrogen floats and is discharged through the circulation pipe. The circulating water is concentrated in the water collecting tank and generates water mist through the high-frequency vibration of the atomizing sheet. The water mist floats upward and adheres to the exchange pipe. The dry hydrogen inside contacts the moisture on the exchange pipe, increasing its humidity and enabling it to enter the fuel cell stack to participate in the reaction with a relatively high humidity. This can achieve operation without external humidification on the air side, improve the system integration degree, and reduce the system cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the pressurization system of a hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the third installation shell of a hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth installation shell of a hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device proposed by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth installation shell of a hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device proposed by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 6 FIG. is a hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device proposed by the present invention Figure 4 and an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in FIG.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Stack; 2. Oxygen delivery pipeline; 3. Liquid oxygen cylinder; 4. Hydrogen delivery pipeline; 5. Hydrogen cylinder; 6. Turbine; 7. Second installation housing; 8. Piston; 9. Eccentric wheel; 10. Rotor shaft; 11. Third installation housing; 1101. Installation cavity; 12. Heat exchange tube; 13. Overflow valve; 14. Deionized water tank; 15. Water pump; 16. Thermostat; 17. First branch pipe; 18. Electric heater; 19. Second branch pipe; 20. Radiator; 21. Third branch pipe; 22. Water temperature measurer; 23. Fourth installation housing; 2301. Water collecting tank; 24. Return pipe; 25. Circulation pipe; 26. Plugging plate; 27. Exchange pipe; 28. Atomizing sheet; 29. Fan blade; 30. Intake control valve; 31. Impeller; 32. Connecting shaft; 33. First installation housing; 34. Cooling pipeline. Specific implementation mode

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] Refer to Figures 1 - 6 , a hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device, including:

[0030] Stack 1, which is configured to generate electricity through the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen with the electrolyte;

[0031] Oxygen subsystem, the oxygen subsystem includes an oxygen delivery pipeline 2, one end of the oxygen delivery pipeline 2 is installed with a piston 8, and the other end of the oxygen delivery pipeline 2 is connected to the cathode inlet of the stack 1;

[0032] Hydrogen subsystem, the hydrogen subsystem includes a hydrogen delivery pipeline 4, one end of the hydrogen delivery pipeline 4 is installed with a hydrogen cylinder 5, and the other end of the hydrogen delivery pipeline 4 is connected to the anode inlet of the stack 1;

[0033] An intake control valve 30 is fixedly installed on the hydrogen delivery pipeline 4;

[0034] The supercharging system, the first inlet end of the supercharging system is connected to the oxygen delivery pipeline 2, the second inlet end of the supercharging system is connected to the hydrogen delivery pipeline 4, and under the action of the hydrogen subsystem, the supercharging system is used for supercharging oxygen.

[0035] It also includes a water circulation system;

[0036] A cooling pipeline 34 is fixedly connected to the fuel cell stack 1, and a deionized water tank 14 and a water pump 15 are fixedly installed on the cooling pipeline 34;

[0037] A thermostat 16, a first branch pipe 17 is fixedly installed between the first outlet end of the thermostat 16 and the water pump 15, an electric heater 18 is fixedly installed on the first branch pipe 17, a second branch pipe 19 is fixedly installed between the second outlet end of the thermostat 16 and the water pump 15, a radiator 20 is fixedly installed on the second branch pipe 19, and a third branch pipe 21 is fixedly connected between the third outlet end of the thermostat 16 and the heat exchange pipe 12;

[0038] Water temperature measuring devices 22 are fixedly installed on both the third branch pipe 21 and the cooling pipeline 34.

[0039] Through the setting of the above structure, due to the thin air at high altitudes, the existing fuel cell stack 1 requires a very large compression ratio to compress the air to the pressure required for the reaction, but this will result in a very low efficiency of the fuel cell stack 1 system. For the reaction of the fuel cell stack 1, the oxygen partial pressure is a key parameter of the reaction, and 79% of the nitrogen in the air does not participate in the reaction. Therefore, pure oxygen stored in the liquid oxygen cylinder 3 is directly used as the reaction gas during high-altitude operations and in plateau areas, so as to ensure that the efficiency of the fuel cell stack 1 is at a normal level.

[0040] Since the existing hydrogen is stored in a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder 5, and the pressure and flow rate of the hydrogen input to the fuel cell stack 1 need to be controlled according to the working conditions of the fuel cell stack 1. The pressure of the hydrogen cylinder 5 is very high. First, it is reduced to a suitable pressure through a pressure reducing valve, and then it is controlled to the pressure required by the fuel cell stack 1 through an intake control valve 30. In this embodiment, the high-pressure hydrogen generated in the high-pressure cylinder loses part of its pressure through the supercharging system and pushes the liquid oxygen in the oxygen delivery pipeline 2 to be supercharged. When the liquid oxygen is supercharged, heat is generated to form oxygen. Usually, the pressure on the air side of the fuel cell stack 1 is 200 kPa, and the oxygen partial pressure is about 42 kPa. Therefore, in the high altitude, only the oxygen needs to be compressed to 42 kPa to reach the gas pressure required for the operation of the fuel cell stack 1 and enter the cathode side of the fuel cell stack 1 to participate in the reaction.

[0041] Hydrogen enters the anode side of the fuel cell stack 1 to participate in the reaction through the intake control valve 30 at a certain pressure and flow rate, and the hydrogen discharge valve is opened when necessary to discharge the nitrogen, liquid water and part of the unreacted hydrogen accumulated on the anode side. The hydrogen passes through the hydrogen circulation pump and the check valve and enters the fuel cell stack 1 again. The liquid water is purified by the deionized water tank 14 and then mixed with the coolant and circulated through the water pump 15.

[0042] When the fuel cell stack 1 starts to operate, the fuel cell stack 1 needs to rise to the operating temperature, and at this time, the coolant is basically not input. If the external temperature is very low, the water also needs to be heated and input into the fuel cell stack 1. The water output by the water pump 15 is divided into two paths. One path passes through the electric heater 18 and is input into the fuel cell stack 1 through the thermostat 16; the other path passes through the radiator 20 and is input into the fuel cell stack 1 through the thermostat 16. During normal operation, the electric heater 18 does not work and only serves as a passage. The radiator 20 is arranged with water pipes, and the fan cools the water passing through the water pipes.

[0043] Refer to Figure 2 , wherein, the supercharging system includes: a first mounting shell 33, the first mounting shell 33 is fixedly mounted on the hydrogen delivery pipeline 4, and a turbine 6 is rotatably mounted in the first mounting shell 33; a second mounting housing 7, the second mounting housing 7 is fixedly mounted on the oxygen delivery pipeline 2, a piston 8 is elastically mounted in the second mounting housing 7, one side of the piston 8 abuts against an eccentric wheel 9, and a rotor shaft 10 is fixedly mounted between the eccentric wheel 9 and the turbine 6; check valves are fixedly mounted in the oxygen delivery pipeline 2 at both ends of the second mounting housing 7, and the working directions of the two check valves are opposite.

[0044] Refer to Figure 3 , and further includes: a third mounting shell 11, the third mounting shell 11 is fixedly mounted on the oxygen delivery pipeline 2, an installation cavity 1101 is provided in the third mounting shell 11, and a heat exchange tube 12 is fixedly mounted in the installation cavity 1101; a relief valve 13, the relief valve 13 is fixedly mounted in the output port of the third mounting shell 11.

[0045] Through the setting of the above structure, after the hydrogen is released from the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder 5, it pushes the turbine 6 in the first mounting shell 33 to rotate and transmits the rotating force to the rotor shaft 10. The rotor shaft 10 drives the eccentric wheel 9 to intermittently squeeze the piston 8. When the piston 8 is squeezed by force, the liquid oxygen originally stored in the oxygen delivery pipeline 2 enters the third mounting shell 11 under the action of the check valve. When the piston 8 returns to its original position under the elastic action, the internal negative pressure sucks the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen cylinder 3 into the oxygen delivery pipeline 2 for replenishment under the action of the check valve.

[0046] A large amount of heat is generated during the supercharging of the liquid oxygen, causing the originally liquid oxygen to become gaseous and enter the third mounting shell 11 for storage. When the internal pressure value of the third mounting shell 11 is greater than the preset value, the internal oxygen sprays from the relief valve 13 to the air side of the fuel cell stack 1. The heat exchange tube 12 exchanges the heat generated by the reaction of the fuel cell stack 1 with the temperature of the oxygen, which can improve the activity of the oxygen and promote the progress of the oxidation-reduction reaction, thereby further increasing the energy output of the fuel cell stack 1.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] Refer to Figures 1 - 6, which is basically the same as Embodiment 1. On the basis of Embodiment 1, the entire technical solution is further optimized.

[0049] Refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 and Figure 6 , and a specific implementation scheme for maintaining the humidity of the surface of the proton exchange membrane is added. A fourth installation housing 23 is fixedly installed on the hydrogen delivery pipeline 4. A return pipe 24 is fixedly connected between the fourth installation housing 23 and the fuel cell stack 1, and a hydrogen discharge valve is fixedly installed on the return pipe 24; A circulation pipe 25 is fixedly connected between the fourth installation housing 23 and the hydrogen delivery pipeline 4, and a hydrogen circulation pump is fixedly installed on the circulation pipe 25.

[0050] Two plugging plates 26 are symmetrically installed in the fourth installation housing 23, and an exchange pipe 27 arranged horizontally is fixedly installed between the two plugging plates 26.

[0051] A water collecting tank 2301 is arranged at the bottom inside the fourth installation housing 23. An atomizing sheet 28 and a fan blade 29 are fixedly installed in the water collecting tank 2301, and the working direction of the fan blade 29 faces the exchange pipe 27.

[0052] An impeller 31 is rotatably installed in the oxygen delivery pipeline 2. A connecting shaft 32 is coaxially installed on the impeller 31. One end of the connecting shaft 32 away from the impeller 31 extends into the water collecting tank 2301 and is in gear transmission connection with the fan blade 29.

[0053] Through the setting of the above structure, dry hydrogen enters the fourth installation housing 23 through the hydrogen delivery pipeline 4 and then is dispersed into the exchange pipe 27. The unreacted hydrogen and water enter the space between the two plugging plates 26 in the fourth installation housing 23 through the return pipe 24. The hydrogen floats and is discharged through the circulation pipe 25. The circulating water is concentrated in the water collecting tank 2301 and generates water mist through the high-frequency vibration of the atomizing sheet 28. During the transportation of oxygen, the impeller 31 is pushed to rotate and the rotating force is transmitted to the connecting shaft 32. The connecting shaft 32 drives the fan blade 29 to rotate through the way of gear transmission, so that the water mist floats upward and adsorbs on the exchange pipe 27. The dry hydrogen inside contacts the moisture on the exchange pipe 27 to increase the humidity and enters the fuel cell stack 1 to participate in the reaction with a higher humidity, which can realize the operation without external humidification on the air side, improve the system integration degree and reduce the system cost.

[0054] Here, the working process of the above device is further summarized;

[0055] First, the high-pressure hydrogen in the hydrogen cylinder 5 drives the turbine 6 in the first mounting shell 33 to rotate and transmits the rotational force to the rotor shaft 10. The hydrogen loses part of its pressure and enters the fourth mounting shell 23, and then disperses into the exchange pipes 27. The rotor shaft 10 drives the eccentric wheel 9 to intermittently squeeze the piston 8. When the piston 8 is squeezed by force, the liquid oxygen originally stored in the oxygen delivery pipeline 2 enters the third mounting shell 11 under the action of the one-way valve. When the piston 8 returns to its original position under the action of elasticity, the negative pressure inside sucks the liquid oxygen in the liquid oxygen cylinder 3 into the oxygen delivery pipeline 2 for replenishment;

[0056] A large amount of heat is generated when the liquid oxygen is pressurized, causing the originally liquid oxygen to turn into gas and enter the third mounting shell 11 for storage. When the internal pressure value of the third mounting shell 11 is greater than the preset value, the internal oxygen sprays from the overflow valve 13 to the air side of the fuel cell stack 1. The heat exchange pipe 12 exchanges the heat generated by the reaction of the fuel cell stack 1 with the temperature of the oxygen, which can improve the activity of the oxygen and promote the progress of the oxidation-reduction reaction, thereby further increasing the energy output of the fuel cell stack 1;

[0057] Next, during the transportation of oxygen, it drives the impeller 31 to rotate and transmits the rotational force to the connecting shaft 32. The connecting shaft 32 drives the fan blade 29 to rotate through a gear transmission method. The unreacted hydrogen and water enter the space between the two sealing plates 26 in the fourth mounting shell 23 through the return pipe 24. The hydrogen floats up and is discharged through the circulation pipe 25. The circulating water is concentrated in the water collecting tank 2301 and generates water mist through the high-frequency vibration of the atomizing sheet 28. The water mist floats upward and adheres to the exchange pipes 27. The dry hydrogen inside contacts the moisture on the exchange pipes 27 to increase the humidity and enter the fuel cell stack 1 to participate in the reaction with a higher humidity, enabling operation without external humidification on the air side, improving the system integration degree, and reducing the system cost;

[0058] Finally, the hydrogen enters the fuel cell stack 1 again through the hydrogen circulation pump and the check valve. The liquid water is purified by the deionized water tank 14 and mixed with the coolant, and the water circulation is carried out by the water pump 15.

[0059] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-altitude hydrogen refueling and supercharging device for a hydrogen fuel cell, characterized in that, Comprising: A fuel cell stack (1), configured to generate electricity through the chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen with an electrolyte; An oxygen subsystem, including an oxygen delivery pipeline (2), one end of which is equipped with a liquid oxygen cylinder (3), and the other end of which is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack (1); A hydrogen subsystem, including a hydrogen delivery pipeline (4), one end of which is equipped with a hydrogen cylinder (5), and the other end of which is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack (1); A pressurization system, the first inlet end of which is connected to the oxygen delivery pipeline (2), and the second inlet end of which is connected to the hydrogen delivery pipeline (4), and which is used for pressurizing oxygen under the action of the hydrogen subsystem; The pressurization system includes: A first mounting shell (33), fixedly mounted on the hydrogen delivery pipeline (4), and a turbine (6) is rotatably mounted inside the first mounting shell (33); A second mounting housing (7), fixedly mounted on the oxygen delivery pipeline (2), and a piston (8) is elastically mounted inside the second mounting housing (7), and one side of the piston (8) abuts against an eccentric wheel (9), and a rotor shaft (10) is fixedly mounted between the eccentric wheel (9) and the turbine (6); Check valves are fixedly mounted in the oxygen delivery pipelines (2) at both ends of the second mounting housing (7), and the working directions of the two check valves are opposite; A third mounting housing (11), fixedly mounted on the oxygen delivery pipeline (2), and an installation cavity (1101) is provided inside the third mounting housing (11), and a heat exchange tube (12) is fixedly mounted inside the installation cavity (1101); A relief valve (13), fixedly mounted inside the outlet of the third mounting housing (11).

2. The hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device according to claim 1, wherein, An intake control valve (30) is fixedly mounted on the hydrogen delivery pipeline (4).

3. A hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes a water circulation system; A cooling pipeline (34) is fixedly connected to the fuel cell stack (1), and a deionized water tank (14) and a water pump (15) are fixedly mounted on the cooling pipeline (34); A thermostat (16), a first branch pipe (17) is fixedly mounted between the first outlet end of the thermostat (16) and the water pump (15), and an electric heater (18) is fixedly mounted on the first branch pipe (17), a second branch pipe (19) is fixedly mounted between the second outlet end of the thermostat (16) and the water pump (15), and a radiator (20) is fixedly mounted on the second branch pipe (19), and a third branch pipe (21) is fixedly connected between the third outlet end of the thermostat (16) and the heat exchange tube (12).

4. A hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Water temperature measuring devices (22) are fixedly mounted on both the third branch pipe (21) and the cooling pipeline (34).

5. A hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fourth mounting housing (23) is fixedly installed on the hydrogen delivery pipeline (4), and a reflux pipe (24) is fixedly connected between the fourth mounting housing (23) and the fuel cell stack (1). A hydrogen discharge valve is fixedly installed on the reflux pipe (24). A circulation pipe (25) is fixedly connected between the fourth mounting housing (23) and the hydrogen delivery pipeline (4), and a hydrogen circulation pump is fixedly installed on the circulation pipe (25).

6. The hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two plugging plates (26) are symmetrically installed in the fourth mounting housing (23), and an exchange pipe (27) arranged horizontally is fixedly installed between the two plugging plates (26).

7. The hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogenation supercharging device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A water collecting tank (2301) is arranged at the bottom inside the fourth mounting housing (23). An atomizing sheet (28) and a fan blade (29) are fixedly installed in the water collecting tank (2301), and the working direction of the fan blade (29) faces the exchange pipe (27).

8. A hydrogen fuel cell high-altitude hydrogen addition and pressurization device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An impeller (31) is rotatably installed in the oxygen delivery pipeline (2). A connecting shaft (32) is coaxially installed on the impeller (31). One end of the connecting shaft (32) far away from the impeller (31) extends into the water collecting tank (2301) and is in gear transmission connection with the fan blade (29).

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