A bucket for an excavator

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of excavators, and discloses a bucket for an excavator, which is used to solve the problem of rust caused by clay adhering to the inner wall of the bucket. A rotating shaft is arranged on the inner wall of the bucket on both sides, a scraper is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, a reset spring is arranged between the inner wall of the bucket and the scraper, a side groove with a side plate arranged in the side groove is formed in the side wall of the scraper, and a power spring is arranged between the side plates; when the excavator is working, the bucket teeth of the bucket are in contact with the excavated objects, the excavated objects press the scraper, the scraper drives the rotating shaft to rotate until the scraper is tightly attached to the side wall of the bucket; when the excavated objects are dumped, the excavated objects in the bucket are reduced, the scraper reversely rotates around the rotating shaft under the action of the reset spring, the side plates are rotated out under the action of the power spring, the inner wall of the bucket is tightly attached to the scraper, the inner wall of the bucket is scraped, the amount of clay adhering to the inner wall of the bucket is reduced, and the phenomenon that the clay adheres to the inner wall of the bucket for a long time and causes the bucket to rust is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of excavator technology, and more particularly to a bucket for an excavator. Background Technology

[0002] An excavator, also known as a digger, is an earthmoving machine that uses a bucket to excavate materials above or below the machine's bearing surface and load them into transport vehicles or unload them into a stockpile. The bucket refers to the shovel mounted on the excavator; based on their working method, they are divided into backhoe buckets and front shovel buckets, with backhoe buckets being the more commonly used type.

[0003] When using an excavator to excavate sticky materials, clay often adheres to the inner wall of the bucket after the material is emptied. Prolonged soil adhesion can cause the bucket to rust, affecting its lifespan. Furthermore, given the fixed volume of the bucket, when excavating denser materials, the mass of the material inside the bucket, while maintaining the same volume, may exceed the excavator's load capacity, leading to severe wear and tear on the bucket and excavator boom. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a bucket for excavators, which has the advantages of preventing clay from adhering to the inner wall of the bucket and being able to adjust the bucket volume as needed, in order to solve the problems of rust caused by clay adhering to the inner wall of the bucket and the problem of denser materials exceeding the load capacity due to a fixed bucket volume.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a bucket for an excavator, comprising a bucket, wherein the bucket is provided with: a rotating shaft, both ends of which are movably disposed at the top of the inner wall of the bucket; a scraper, one side of which has a hinge hole, the hinge hole being fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft; the scraper is provided with: side grooves, which are opened on both sides of the scraper, and a hinge shaft is fixedly installed near the hinge hole, the side grooves on both sides being connected at the lower position; a side plate, which is movably sleeved on the hinge shaft and slidably disposed in the side groove; a power spring, which is disposed at the connection between the two side grooves, and both ends are fixedly connected to the side plates on both sides respectively; a return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the scraper near the top, the other end of the return spring being fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the bucket.

[0006] Furthermore, fixed insertion limit rods are provided on both sides of the bucket.

[0007] Furthermore, the bucket has discharge ports on both sides at its bottom end.

[0008] Furthermore, a groove is provided at one end of the bucket, and a movable plate is slidably installed in the groove. One side of the movable plate extends out of the groove. The movable plate is provided with: a movable groove at both ends of the inner wall of the movable plate, and the end of the rotating shaft installed on the inner wall of the bucket is located in the middle of the movable groove; a transmission gear in the movable groove that is close to the side wall of the bucket; a number of bucket teeth equidistantly arranged on the movable plate outside the groove; and a gear is fixedly sleeved at the end of the rotating shaft between the movable grooves, and the gear meshes with the transmission gear.

[0009] Furthermore, a blocking block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide corresponding to the position of the movable groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating shaft includes an inner shaft and an outer shaft. The gear is fixedly sleeved on one end of the inner shaft, and the outer shaft is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner shaft. Between the inner and outer shafts are: a torsion spring, movably sleeved between the inner and outer shafts, one end fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner shaft, and the other end fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shaft; a mounting groove, formed on the outer walls at both ends of the inner shaft; two limiting plates, symmetrically arranged in the mounting groove, forming a U-shape; and a support plate, located at the bottom of the mounting groove, penetrating and extending out of the inner shaft. The support plate is connected to the two... A limiting plate is hinged at one point; an elastic element is located at the bottom between the two limiting plates; an inner limiting block is fixedly connected to the top of the elastic element, and its lower end is inside the limiting plate. The inner wall of the limiting plate and the outer wall of the inner limiting block are provided with inclined teeth, and the top of the inner limiting block is an inclined surface; an outer limiting block is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the outer shaft and is directly opposite the inner limiting block. The bottom end of the outer limiting block is set as an inclined surface that is in close contact with the inclined surface of the inner limiting block; a top block is fixedly installed on the other side of the inner wall of the outer shaft and is in close contact with the bottom end of the support plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic element is always in a compressed state.

[0012] Furthermore, when the support plate detaches from the support of the top block, the inclined teeth on the inner wall of the limiting plate are in close contact with the inclined teeth on the outer wall of the inner limiting block.

[0013] This application has the following beneficial effects: 1. This application provides a bucket for an excavator, which has a rotating shaft on the inner wall of both sides of the bucket, with a scraper fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft. A return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the bucket, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the bottom end of the scraper. The side wall of the scraper has a side groove, and a side plate is installed in the side groove. A power spring is installed between the two side plates. When the excavator is working, the bucket teeth contact the excavated material, and the excavated material squeezes the scraper, causing the scraper to drive the rotating shaft to rotate until the scraper is in close contact with the side wall of the bucket. When dumping the excavated material, the amount of excavated material in the bucket decreases. Under the action of the return spring, the scraper rotates in the opposite direction around the rotating shaft, and the side plate is rotated out under the action of the power spring, closely adhering to the inner wall of the bucket, and scraping the inner wall of the bucket to reduce the amount of clay adhering to the inner wall of the bucket. This reduces the phenomenon of clay adhering to the inner wall of the bucket for a long time, which leads to rusting of the bucket.

[0014] 2. This application provides a bucket for an excavator, in which a limit rod is fixedly inserted into the bottom of the side wall of the bucket. During excavation, the bucket teeth contact the excavated material, and the excavated material squeezes the scraper, causing the scraper to drive the rotating shaft to rotate until the inner wall of the scraper abuts against the limit rod. At this time, the bucket is full. According to different needs, the distance of the limit rod inserted into the bucket can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the position of the scraper inside the bucket, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the bucket volume. When excavating materials with high density, this prevents the problem of exceeding the excavator's load capacity due to excessive material density.

[0015] 3. The bucket for an excavator provided in this application divides the rotating shaft into an inner shaft and an outer shaft. A gear is provided at one end of the inner shaft. The bucket teeth are mounted on a movable plate, which is slidably disposed in the bucket's groove. The movable plate has a movable groove, and the side wall of the movable groove is provided with transmission teeth that mesh with the gear. When the bucket is digging, the bucket teeth contact the excavated material, the excavated material abuts against the scraper, and the excavated material pushes the scraper to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft drives the gear to rotate, and the gear pushes the transmission teeth of the movable plate, causing the movable plate to move the bucket teeth forward, thereby increasing the digging force of the bucket teeth.

[0016] 4. This application provides a bucket for an excavator, in which an outer shaft is movably fitted onto an inner shaft. A torsion spring is provided between the outer and inner shafts. An installation groove is formed on the side wall of the inner shaft, and a limiting plate, an elastic element, and an inner limiting block are provided within the installation groove. Inclined teeth are formed on the side walls of the installation groove and the inner limiting block. A support plate capable of pushing the installation groove is provided inside the inner shaft. An outer limiting block and a top block are symmetrically positioned on the inner wall of the outer shaft. During bucket digging, if the excavated material is hard and the front end of the bucket teeth cannot move forward when it encounters the scraper, the bucket bucket can... When the scraper cannot drive the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the gear on the rotating shaft to extend the moving plate, the scraper is squeezed by the excavated material. This causes the scraper to generate a large torque on the outer shaft. Under this large torque, the outer limit block of the outer shaft pushes the inner limit block, causing the inner limit block to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element and move into the limit plate. At this point, the outer limit block is no longer resisted by the inner limit block, and the scraper can drive the outer shaft to rotate. This prevents the scraper from failing to open when the bucket teeth encounter hard excavated material and cannot extend. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments disclosed in this application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles disclosed in this application.

[0018] This disclosure will become clearer with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, wherein: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the middle section of the bucket of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bucket part of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bucket of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the scraper of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft of the present invention along its axis; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating shaft extension section of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Bucket; 101. Limiting rod; 102. Waste discharge port; 103. Slide groove; 104. Moving plate; 105. Movable groove; 106. Transmission gear; 107. Bucket teeth; 2. Scraper; 201. Hinge hole; 202. Side groove; 203. Side plate; 204. Power spring; 3. Rotating shaft; 301. Inner shaft; 302. Outer shaft; 303. Torsion spring; 304. Mounting groove; 305. Limiting plate; 306. Support plate; 307. Inner limiting block; 308. Elastic element; 309. Outer limiting block; 310. Top block; 4. Return spring; 5. Gear. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Example 1

[0021] Please see Figures 1-6 A bucket for an excavator includes a bucket 1. Rotating shafts 3 are located at the top of both sides of the bucket 1. The two ends of the rotating shafts 3 are movably mounted on the inner wall of the bucket 1. A scraper 2 has hinge holes 201 fixedly fitted onto the outer side of the rotating shafts 3. Side grooves 202 are provided on both sides of the scraper 2. A hinge shaft is fixedly installed in the side grooves 202 near the hinge holes 201. Side plates 203 are movably fitted onto the hinge shafts. The side plates 203 can rotate around the hinge shafts and slide within the side grooves 202. The lower positions of the side grooves 202 on both sides are connected. A power spring 204 is provided at the connection point of the two side grooves 202. The two ends of the power spring 204 are fixedly connected to the side plates 203 on both sides, respectively. A return spring 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the scraper 2 near the top. The other end of the return spring 4 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the bucket 1.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 Fixed insertion limiting rods 101 are installed on both sides of the bucket 1. The length of the limiting rods 101 extending into the bucket 1 can be adjusted as needed. By adjusting the length of the limiting rods 101 extending into the bucket 1, the opening position of the scraper 2 after rotation can be adjusted. When the scraper 2 rotates and abuts against the limiting rods 101, it is the maximum opening limit of the scraper 2, thereby adjusting the volume of the excavated material in the bucket 1.

[0023] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3The bucket 1 has discharge ports 102 on both sides of its bottom end. When the excavated material enters through the gap between the bucket 1 and the scraper 2, the scraper 2 can push the excavated material in the bucket 1 out through the discharge ports 102 when the scraper 2 is opened, preventing the excavated material in the bucket 1 from accumulating too much excavated material and hindering the rotation of the scraper 2, thus increasing the overall mass of the bucket 1.

[0024] The working principle of Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows: Please see Figures 1-6 During excavator operation, the bucket teeth 107 of the bucket 1 contact the excavated material. The excavated material then presses against the scraper 2 and side plates 203, pushing the scraper 2 to drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate around its axis. During this process, the side plates 203 on both sides of the scraper 2 press against the power spring 204, causing the side plates 203 to slide into the side grooves 202, and the excavated material enters the bucket 1. When dumping the excavated material, the amount of material in the bucket 1 decreases. Under the action of the return spring 4, the return spring 4 pushes the scraper 2... The scraper plate 203 rotates in the opposite direction around the axis of rotation 3. Under the action of the spring force of the power spring 204, the side plate 203 rotates out around the hinge axis, so that the side wall of the side plate 203 is in close contact with the inner wall of the bucket 1. During the process of the return spring 4 pushing the scraper plate 2 to rotate around the axis of rotation 3, the side plate 203 of the scraper plate 2 scrapes the inner wall of the bucket 1, reducing the amount of clay adhering to the inner wall of the bucket 1, thereby reducing the phenomenon of clay adhering to the inner wall of the bucket 1 for a long time, which leads to the rusting of the bucket 1.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-6 When excavating denser materials, simply adjust the length of the limit rod 101 extending into the inner side of the bucket 1. During excavation, the bucket teeth 107 of the bucket 1 contact the excavated material, which compresses the scraper 2, causing the scraper 2 to rotate the rotating shaft 3 until the inner wall of the scraper 2 abuts against the limit rod 101. At this point, the bucket 1 is full, and the scraper 2 will not rotate to be flush against the side wall of the bucket 1. This reduces the volume of excavated material in the bucket 1, ensuring that the load capacity of the excavator is not exceeded when the bucket 1 is filled with excavated material. Depending on different needs, adjust the distance of the limit rod 101 inserted into the bucket 1 to adjust the position of the scraper 2 inside the bucket 1, thereby adjusting the volume of the bucket 1. This prevents the excavator from being overloaded due to excessively dense excavated material when excavating denser materials. Example 2

[0026] Example 2 is a further improvement based on Example 1.

[0027] Unlike Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-4One end of the bucket 1 is provided with a sliding groove 103, and a movable plate 104 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 103, with part of the movable plate 104 extending out of the sliding groove 103. Both ends of the inner wall of the movable plate 104 are provided with movable grooves 105. One end of the rotating shaft 3 installed on the inner wall of the bucket 1 is located in the middle of the movable groove 105. The movable groove 105 is provided with transmission teeth 106 close to the side wall of the side of the bucket 1. Several bucket teeth 107 are provided at equal intervals on the outer side of the movable plate 104 located in the sliding groove 103. A gear 5 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the rotating shaft 3 located between the movable grooves 105, and the gear 5 meshes with the transmission teeth 106.

[0028] A blocking block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide 103 corresponding to the movable groove 105. When the movable plate 104 slides out of the slide 103 and sticks to the clay, the blocking block scrapes off the sticky clay to prevent the clay from entering the slide 103.

[0029] The working principle of Embodiment 2 of the present invention is as follows: Please see Figures 1-9 When the bucket 1 is digging, the bucket teeth 107 first contact the excavated object, and the excavated object abuts against the scraper 2. At this time, the excavated object pushes the scraper 2 and drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. The rotating shaft 3 drives the gear 5 to rotate. Since the gear 5 meshes with the transmission teeth 106 of the moving plate 104, the rotating gears 5 on both sides push the transmission teeth 106 of the moving plate 104, so that the transmission teeth 106 drive the entire moving plate 104 to move. The moving plate 104 drives the bucket teeth 107 to move towards the excavated object, increasing the thrust of the bucket teeth 107 on the excavated object, thereby strengthening the digging force of the bucket 1. Example 3

[0030] When digging with the bucket 1, the bucket teeth 107 contact the excavated material. When the excavated material abuts against the scraper 2, if the excavated material at the front end of the bucket teeth 107 is hard, the pushing force of the excavated material on the scraper 2 is insufficient to push the scraper 2 and the rotating shaft 3 to rotate. That is, the gear 5 on the rotating shaft 3 cannot push the moving plate 104 and the bucket teeth 107 to insert into the excavated material. As a result, the scraper 2 cannot open and the excavated material cannot be put into the bucket 1. In response to the above phenomenon, further improvements are made based on the second embodiment.

[0031] Unlike Example 2, please refer to Figures 7-9The rotating shaft 3 includes an inner shaft 301 and an outer shaft 302. A gear 5 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the inner shaft 301, and the outer shaft 302 is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner shaft 301. A torsion spring 303 is provided between the inner shaft 301 and the outer shaft 302. One end of the torsion spring 303 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner shaft 301, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shaft 302. Mounting grooves 304 are provided on the outer walls at both ends of the inner shaft 301. Two limiting plates 305 are symmetrically arranged within the mounting grooves 304, forming a U-shape. A support plate 306, penetrating and extending from the inner shaft 301, is provided at the bottom end of the mounting grooves 304. The support plate 306 is hinged to the two limiting plates 305 at a single point. An elastic element 308 is provided at the bottom end between the two limiting plates 305. An inner limiting block 307 is fixedly connected to the top of the 8, and the inner limiting block 307 is partially located between two limiting plates 305. The inner wall of the limiting plate 305 and the outer wall of the inner limiting block 307 are provided with inclined teeth. The inclined teeth are used to prevent the inner limiting block 307 from being pushed out by the elastic element 308 after the inner limiting block 307 slides into the limiting plate 305. The top of the inner limiting block 307 is an inclined surface. An outer limiting block 309 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the outer shaft 302, and the outer limiting block 309 is directly opposite the inner limiting block 307. The bottom of the outer limiting block 309 is an inclined surface. The inclined surface of the outer limiting block 309 is in close contact with the inclined surface of the inner limiting block 307. A top block 310 is fixedly installed on the other side of the inner wall of the outer shaft 302. The top block 310 is an arc surface and is in close contact with the bottom of the support plate 306.

[0032] The elastic element 308 is always in a compressed state. The elastic element 308 is used to support the inner limiting block 307. When the outer limiting block 309 exerts a certain squeezing force on the inner limiting block 307, it prevents the inner limiting block 307 from moving downward. When the squeezing force of the outer limiting block 309 on the inner limiting block 307 is large, the inner limiting block 307 can overcome the downward movement of the elastic element 308.

[0033] When the support plate 306 is disengaged from the support of the top block 310, the helical teeth on the inner wall of the limiting plate 305 are in close contact with the helical teeth on the outer wall of the inner limiting block 307, preventing the inner limiting block 307 from sliding outward from the limiting plate 305. During the reset operation, this prevents the inner limiting block 307 from obstructing the outer shaft 302 from driving the outer limiting block 309 to rotate.

[0034] The working principle of Embodiment 3 of the present invention is as follows: Please see Figures 1-9When the bucket 1 is digging, the bucket teeth 107 contact the excavated material. When the excavated material abuts against the scraper 2, if the excavated material at the front end of the bucket teeth 107 is relatively hard, and the moving plate 104 and the bucket teeth 107 cannot move forward, that is, the scraper 2 cannot drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, causing the gear 5 on the rotating shaft 3 to drive the moving plate 104 to extend. At this time, because the scraper 2 receives a large compressive force from the excavated material, the scraper 2 will drive the outer shaft 302 to generate a large torque. Under the action of the large torque, the outer limit block 309 of the outer shaft 302 overcomes the resistance of the inner limit block 307 to the outer limit block 309, so that... The inclined surface of the outer limiting block 309 pushes the inclined surface of the inner limiting block 307, thereby causing the inner limiting block 307 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 308 on the inner limiting block 307. The inner limiting block 307 moves into the limiting plate 305. When the inner limiting block 307 no longer obstructs the outer limiting block 309, the scraper 2 can drive the outer shaft 302 to rotate, thereby opening the scraper 2 at the front end of the bucket 1, allowing the excavated material to enter the bucket 1. This prevents the scraper 2 from not opening when the moving plate 104 and the bucket teeth 107 encounter hard excavated material and cannot extend, thus preventing the excavated material from entering the bucket 1.

Claims

1. A bucket for an excavator, comprising a bucket (1), characterized in that: The bucket (1) is equipped with: The rotating shaft (3) is movably located at both ends on the top of the inner wall of the bucket (1); The scraper (2) has a hinge hole (201) on one side, and the hinge hole (201) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (3); The scraper (2) is provided with: Side grooves (202) are opened on both sides of the scraper (2), and a hinge shaft is fixedly installed near the hinge hole (201). The side grooves (202) on both sides are connected at the lower position. The side plate (203) is movably sleeved on the hinge shaft and slidably disposed in the side groove (202); A dynamic spring (204) is provided at the connection between the two side grooves (202) and its two ends are fixedly connected to the side plates (203) on both sides respectively; A return spring (4) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the scraper (2) near the top, and the other end of the return spring (4) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the bucket (1). One end of the bucket (1) is provided with a sliding groove (103), and a movable plate (104) is slidably installed in the sliding groove (103). One side of the movable plate (104) extends out of the sliding groove (103), and the movable plate (104) is provided with: The movable groove (105) is opened at both ends of the inner wall of the movable plate (104), and the rotating shaft (3) is installed at one end of the inner wall of the bucket (1) in the middle of the movable groove (105); The transmission gear (106) is located in the movable slot (105) and closely adheres to the side wall of the bucket (1); Several bucket teeth (107) are equidistantly arranged on the outside of the sliding groove (103) of the moving plate (104); A gear (5) is fixedly sleeved at one end of the rotating shaft (3) between the movable grooves (105), and the gear (5) meshes with the transmission gear (106); The rotating shaft (3) includes an inner shaft (301) and an outer shaft (302). The gear (5) is fixedly sleeved on one end of the inner shaft (301), and the outer shaft (302) is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner shaft (301). Between the inner shaft (301) and the outer shaft (302) is provided: A torsion spring (303) is movably sleeved between the inner shaft (301) and the outer shaft (302), with one end fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner shaft (301) and the other end fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shaft (302); Mounting grooves (304) are formed on the outer walls at both ends of the inner shaft (301); Two limiting plates (305) are symmetrically arranged in the mounting groove (304) and form a U-shape; A support plate (306) is provided at the bottom end of the mounting groove (304), extends through and out of the inner shaft (301), and the support plate (306) is hinged to two limiting plates (305) at one point; An elastic element (308) is disposed at the bottom end between the two limiting plates (305); The inner limiting block (307) is fixedly connected to the top of the elastic member (308), and its lower end is inside the limiting plate (305). The inner wall of the limiting plate (305) and the outer wall of the inner limiting block (307) are provided with inclined teeth, and the top of the inner limiting block (307) is an inclined surface. An outer limiting block (309) is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the outer shaft (302) and directly opposite the inner limiting block (307). The bottom end of the outer limiting block (309) is set as an inclined surface that is in close contact with the inclined surface of the inner limiting block (307). The top block (310) is fixedly installed on the other side of the inner wall of the outer shaft (302) and closely attached to the bottom end of the support plate (306).

2. A bucket for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Fixed insertion limit rods (101) on both sides of the bucket (1).

3. A bucket for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bucket (1) has discharge ports (102) on both sides of its bottom end.

4. A bucket for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A blocking block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the slide groove (103) at the position corresponding to the movable groove (105).

5. A bucket for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element (308) is always in a compressed state.

6. A bucket for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the support plate (306) is disengaged from the support of the top block (310), the inclined teeth on the inner wall of the limiting plate (305) are in close contact with the inclined teeth on the outer wall of the inner limiting block (307).

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