Optimization Method and Apparatus for Observation Systems Based on 3D High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery

Abstract

This application provides a method and apparatus for optimizing an observation system based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery, relating to the field of ground microseismic monitoring technology. In this application, an initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image in the original coordinate system is mapped to a target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system. Using a three-dimensional terrain model constructed based on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image and a digital elevation model (DEM), preset initial receiver points are offset and optimized, allowing the desired target receiver points to be obtained on the three-dimensional terrain model. This application also constructs a three-dimensional terrain model by overlaying the DEM of the target area onto the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image. Based on the topographic information of the target area provided by the three-dimensional terrain model, receiver points can be offset to suitable geographical locations, reducing the offset range, improving the signal reception quality at single points, and effectively reducing the number of receivers deployed, thus lowering monitoring costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ground microseismic monitoring technology, and in particular to an optimization method and apparatus for an observation system based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing images. Background Technology

[0002] In oil seismic exploration, the design process of a traditional ground microseismic monitoring and observation system mainly includes the following steps: on-site reconnaissance, where reconnaissance personnel go to the work area to reconnoiter obstacles and interference sources, then identify various areas on the map, plan routes, and mark residential areas, forests, sandy areas, etc.; observation system design, where indoor technicians design a theoretical observation system based on the reconnaissance results; on-site measurement, where construction personnel go to the work area to measure the physical points designed, and make principled offsets for detector points that do not meet the construction conditions to determine the actual coordinates of the detectors; and detector deployment, where detectors are deployed according to the measured actual coordinates.

[0003] Designing and constructing an observation system following the above process will bring several problems:

[0004] (1) On-site surveys cannot cover all areas and can only be conducted in key areas. Therefore, information on work areas may be missed. In addition, some work areas have complex terrain and uninhabited areas that are difficult to reach by manpower. If a survey is forced, the safety of the survey personnel is not guaranteed.

[0005] (2) When the geophone point is offset during the on-site measurement stage, the personnel who offset the point often only consider the convenience of construction and not the technical aspects, resulting in an unreasonable geophone point position after offset, which affects the monitoring effect.

[0006] (3) Because the site survey cannot obtain comprehensive and accurate information about the work area, the observation system needs to be changed repeatedly, which affects the subsequent construction progress and increases the construction cost.

[0007] (4) Paper maps or map apps are needed in each stage of project construction. Paper maps are updated slowly and cannot accurately describe the actual work area information. Map apps have limited resolution, with the highest accuracy being only 5-10m. Furthermore, map apps cannot accurately and intuitively display elevation information, which is particularly important in the design of the observation system and directly affects the accuracy of monitoring.

[0008] (5) Ground microseismic monitoring uses the offset stacking positioning imaging method to locate microseismic events. Due to unreasonable detector offset, the signal is weak and the single-channel signal-to-noise ratio is low. A large number of detectors need to be stacked to improve the signal-to-noise ratio in order to accurately locate the event, resulting in excessively high cost of ground microseismic monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This application provides a method and apparatus for optimizing an observation system based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing images, in order to solve the problems of unreasonable detector point offset, low monitoring accuracy, and excessively high monitoring cost in traditional observation systems designed based on manual reconnaissance and measurement results.

[0010] To solve the above problems, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an optimization method for an observation system based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery, the method comprising:

[0012] Acquire the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image of the work area to be measured in the source coordinate system;

[0013] The initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image is mapped to the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system;

[0014] The preset detector points are projected onto the target's three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain the initial detector points;

[0015] Based on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image and the digital elevation model corresponding to the work area to be measured, a three-dimensional terrain model of the work area to be measured is constructed.

[0016] Based on the three-dimensional terrain model, the initial receiver point is offset and optimized to obtain the target receiver point on the three-dimensional terrain model.

[0017] In one embodiment of this application, mapping the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to a target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system includes:

[0018] Geometric correction is performed on the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain a standard three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image;

[0019] The standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing image is mapped to the target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system.

[0020] In one embodiment of this application, based on the three-dimensional terrain model, the initial receiver point is offset and optimized to obtain a target receiver point on the three-dimensional terrain model, including:

[0021] Based on the three-dimensional terrain model, the terrain features corresponding to the initial receiver point are determined;

[0022] If the topographic features of the initial receiver point do not meet the preset topographic conditions, the initial receiver point is offset and optimized to obtain the target receiver point; the target receiver point is the point that meets the topographic conditions and is closest to the initial receiver point.

[0023] In one embodiment of this application, the terrain conditions include: the distance from the interference area is greater than a distance threshold; the interference area includes: buildings, roads, rivers, forests, mountain tops and / or areas with a preset lithology.

[0024] In one embodiment of this application, after constructing a three-dimensional terrain model of the work area to be measured based on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image and the digital elevation model corresponding to the work area to be measured, the method further includes:

[0025] Based on the three-dimensional terrain model, the slope information of the work area to be measured is obtained;

[0026] Areas in the test area with slope information greater than the slope threshold are identified as dangerous areas.

[0027] Secondly, based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application provide an observation system optimization device based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery, the device comprising:

[0028] The image acquisition module is used to acquire the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image of the work area to be measured in the source coordinate system.

[0029] The coordinate mapping module is used to map the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image into a target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system.

[0030] The detector point projection module is used to project preset detector points onto the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain initial detector points;

[0031] The model building module is used to construct a three-dimensional terrain model of the work area to be measured based on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image and the digital elevation model corresponding to the work area to be measured.

[0032] The receiver point optimization module is used to perform offset optimization on the initial receiver point based on the three-dimensional terrain model to obtain the target receiver point on the three-dimensional terrain model.

[0033] In one embodiment of this application, the coordinate mapping module includes:

[0034] The geometric correction submodule is used to perform geometric correction on the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain a standard three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image.

[0035] The mapping submodule is used to map the standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing image into a target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system.

[0036] In one embodiment of this application, the detector point optimization module includes:

[0037] The terrain and geomorphology feature determination submodule is used to determine the terrain and geomorphology features corresponding to the initial receiver point based on the three-dimensional terrain model.

[0038] The target receiver point determination submodule is used to perform offset optimization on the initial receiver point to obtain a target receiver point when the topographic features of the initial receiver point do not meet the preset topographic conditions; the target receiver point is the point that meets the topographic conditions and is closest to the initial receiver point.

[0039] In one embodiment of this application, the terrain conditions include: the distance from the interference area is greater than a distance threshold; the interference area includes: buildings, roads, rivers, forests, mountain tops and / or areas with a preset lithology.

[0040] In one embodiment of this application, the apparatus further includes:

[0041] The slope information acquisition module is used to acquire the slope information of the work area to be measured based on the three-dimensional terrain model.

[0042] The hazardous area determination module is used to determine areas in the work area to be tested whose slope information is greater than the slope threshold as hazardous areas.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0044] This application provides an optimization method for an observation system based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery. First, the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery in the original coordinate system is mapped to a target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery in the target coordinate system. Then, preset receiver points are projected onto the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery to obtain initial receiver points. Finally, using a three-dimensional terrain model constructed based on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery and a digital elevation model (DEM), the initial receiver points are offset and optimized, allowing the desired target receiver points to be obtained on the three-dimensional terrain model. This application embodiment constructs a three-dimensional terrain model by overlaying the DEM of the work area to be measured onto the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery. This provides comprehensive and accurate topographic information of the work area to be measured, providing data support for the design and optimization of the observation system. Simultaneously, it enables offset optimization of receiver points, shifting them to suitable geographical locations to reduce the range of offset points, improve the signal reception quality at single points, and effectively reduce the number of receivers deployed, thereby lowering monitoring costs. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of an observation system optimization method based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery in one embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the theoretical design of the initial detector point in one embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional terrain model in one embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of manual detector offset optimization in one embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of detector point offset optimization based on a three-dimensional terrain model in one embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of an observation system optimization device based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing images in one embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure reference numerals: 600-Optimization device for observation system based on 3D high-resolution remote sensing imagery; 601-Image acquisition module; 602-Coordinate mapping module; 603-Detector point projection module; 604-Model construction module; 605-Detector point optimization module. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] The inventors discovered that the design of the observation system should adhere to the following requirements during the implementation of ground microseismic monitoring:

[0055] 1. High-resolution maps are needed to guide the project, including site reconnaissance, surveying, and subsequent geophone deployment. Timely map updates are also essential.

[0056] 2. Construction personnel, especially indoor technicians, need to be able to accurately understand almost all the information in the work area, including elevation data, surface lithology, etc., and be able to identify areas such as forests, farmland, and residential areas, and analyze the surface lithological characteristics to provide technical support for the design of the observation system.

[0057] 3. To avoid situations where personnel only consider construction convenience and therefore fail to adequately optimize the observation system, indoor technicians should design the observation system as comprehensively as possible from the outset and minimize the area where the observation system can be deviated from its intended purpose. A comprehensive observation system improves design efficiency and allows more time for subsequent construction.

[0058] 4. In the past, ground microseismic monitoring improved the signal-to-noise ratio by superimposing a large number of data channels. As a result, the number of detectors was large, leading to high project costs. In order to reduce project costs and further promote ground microseismic monitoring technology, the quality of data received by each detector should be improved, and then the number of detectors should be reduced. The focus should shift from quantity to quality to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the final superimposed signal.

[0059] To address the problems in the background technology and the design requirements of the observation system, this application aims to provide an observation system optimization method based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery. By overlaying a digital elevation model of the work area to be measured onto the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery to form a three-dimensional terrain model, it can provide comprehensive and accurate topographic information of the work area to be measured, providing data support for the design and optimization of the observation system. At the same time, it can realize the offset optimization of the receiver points, shifting the receiver points to suitable geographical locations to reduce the range of offset points, improve the signal reception quality of single points, and thus effectively reduce the number of receivers deployed and lower monitoring costs.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of an observation system optimization method based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0061] S101: Acquire the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image of the work area to be measured in the source coordinate system.

[0062] It should be noted in this embodiment that the three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image is an image acquired through photography by remote sensing satellites or aerial cameras. High resolution refers to the high positioning accuracy of the satellite or aerial camera on the ground, reaching within a certain accuracy threshold, such as within 0.5m. The source coordinate system refers to the coordinate system used when generating the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image; that is, the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image carries coordinate information in the source coordinate system.

[0063] In this embodiment, after determining the scope of the work area to be measured, an initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image of the work area with a resolution of 0.5m can be obtained. Compared with traditional paper maps and electronic maps provided by map apps, the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image is not only updated in a timely manner, but also has a greatly improved clarity.

[0064] S102: Map the initial 3D high-resolution remote sensing image to the target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system.

[0065] In this embodiment, since there are many types of coordinate systems, when constructing an observation system based on the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image, a projection transformation will be performed according to the actual situation of the work area and the design requirements of the observation system to transform the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image from the source coordinate system to the target coordinate system required by the observation system.

[0066] In practice, when performing coordinate projection transformation, parameters such as the central meridian, map zones, ellipsoid parameters, ellipsoid elevation, and scale denominator of the work area to be measured can be obtained first. Then, based on the transformed parameters, the coordinates of the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image are converted into the projected coordinates required by the observation system of the work area to be measured.

[0067] S103: Project the preset receiver points onto the target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain the initial receiver points.

[0068] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the theoretical design of the initial geophone points. In the diagram, the dots represent theoretical exploration points designed by indoor technicians based on the work area information and project data. The survey lines connecting these dots form the theoretical exploration lines. It should be noted that these theoretical exploration points are the initial geophone points in the theoretical design. These initial geophone points typically do not consider the actual topographic features of the work area; therefore, offset optimization is required for each initial geophone point.

[0069] S104: Based on the target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image and the corresponding digital elevation model of the work area to be measured, construct a 3D terrain model of the work area to be measured.

[0070] In this embodiment, although the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image contains rich geological and geomorphological information, in order to make the constructed three-dimensional terrain model more realistic and accurate in presenting the complex terrain trend of the work area to be measured, the digital elevation model corresponding to the work area to be measured can be superimposed on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image, thereby constructing the three-dimensional terrain model corresponding to the work area to be measured.

[0071] It should be noted in this implementation that a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a digital simulation of ground topography (i.e., a digital representation of the surface morphology of the terrain) achieved through limited terrain elevation data. It is a physical ground model that represents ground elevation using an ordered array of values. It is a branch of the Digital Terrain Model (DTM), from which various other terrain feature values ​​can be derived. Generally, a DTM is considered to describe the spatial distribution of linear and nonlinear combinations of various geomorphic factors, including elevation, such as slope, aspect, and rate of change of slope. The DEM is a zero-order, simple, single-factor digital geomorphic model; other geomorphic characteristics such as slope, aspect, and rate of change of slope can be derived from the DEM.

[0072] Reference Figure 3 The diagram shows a schematic of a three-dimensional terrain model. By overlaying and fusing the digital elevation model with the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image and performing three-dimensional rendering, a three-dimensional terrain model of the work area to be measured is formed. The terrain and landform of the target area can be seen intuitively and clearly, and the complex terrain trends and village and road distribution information in the work area can be displayed intuitively. This facilitates the design of receiver points in mountainous, plain, and urban areas indoors, achieving the goal of scientific and rational exploration under complex terrain.

[0073] S105: Based on the three-dimensional terrain model, the initial receiver point is offset and optimized to obtain the target receiver point on the three-dimensional terrain model.

[0074] It should be noted that the traditional method of optimizing the detector point based on manual measurement results is based on the fact that technicians are not familiar with the work area, which leads to the construction personnel finding that the detector point location is not suitable for placement when measuring the detector point on site. Therefore, it is necessary to shift the position of the detector point. Sometimes, for the sake of construction convenience, the construction personnel will shift the point to a more convenient placement location. This only considers the convenience of construction and ignores the technical aspects, resulting in the detector point being installed in an unreasonable position, causing poor signal acquisition quality of the detector.

[0075] Reference Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a manual optimization process for geophone offset. It shows that when optimizing geophone offset, construction workers often shift the points to easily accessible locations, such as riverbanks or flat roadsides, for ease of installation. However, placing geophones in such areas makes them susceptible to interference, affecting signal quality and resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio for the seismic signal.

[0076] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5This paper illustrates a schematic diagram of detector offset optimization based on a 3D terrain model. Since the 3D terrain model can reflect comprehensive and accurate topographic information of the area under test, the initial detector offset can be optimized for mountainous, plain, and urban areas based on this information. By placing the detectors in locations with good surface reception conditions and low elevation near the initial detectors, the offset range can be reduced, and the quality of the signal received by a single detector can be greatly improved, thereby enhancing the overall signal level, reducing the number of detectors, and lowering monitoring costs.

[0077] In one feasible implementation, S102 may specifically include the following sub-steps:

[0078] S102-1: Perform geometric correction on the initial 3D high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain a standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing image.

[0079] S102-2: Map standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing imagery to target 3D high-resolution remote sensing imagery in the target coordinate system.

[0080] It should be noted in this embodiment that during the generation of remote sensing images, due to the combined influence of various factors, the geometric position, shape, size, dimensions, orientation and other features of ground objects in the original image are often inconsistent with the features of the corresponding ground objects. This inconsistency is called geometric deformation, also known as geometric distortion.

[0081] In this embodiment, to eliminate or correct geometric errors in the initial 3D high-resolution remote sensing image and improve the accuracy of the 3D terrain model, the initial 3D high-resolution remote sensing image will be geometrically corrected to obtain a standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing image. After obtaining the standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing image, it will be assigned unified geographic coordinates and corrected to the 2000 National Geodetic Coordinate System. Specifically, the initial 3D high-resolution remote sensing image can be processed using ArcGIS Desktop geographic information system software. It should be noted that the National Geodetic Coordinate System is a coordinate system that countries stipulate for use nationwide with a unified coordinate framework for surveying and mapping results. The National Geodetic Coordinate System is the basis for producing national basic scale maps. The national coordinate system currently used in my country is the 2000 National Geodetic Coordinate System.

[0082] In this embodiment, through geometric correction and projection transformation, the target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image can be made closer to the actual topography of the work area to be measured, effectively improving the accuracy of the 3D terrain model constructed based on the target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image.

[0083] In one feasible implementation, S105 may specifically include the following sub-steps:

[0084] S105-1: Based on the three-dimensional terrain model, determine the topographic features corresponding to the initial receiver point.

[0085] S105-2: If the topographic features of the initial receiver do not meet the preset topographic conditions, the initial receiver is offset and optimized to obtain the target receiver. The target receiver is the point that meets the topographic conditions and is closest to the initial receiver.

[0086] It should be noted in this embodiment that the quality of the signal received by the detector is affected by various factors, such as the surface lithology, surface moisture, and soil looseness of the detector's burial site. In this embodiment, the optimization principle for the detector point is as follows:

[0087] (1) The detector should avoid interference sources and obstacles, and the detector should be placed at a certain distance from the interference source.

[0088] (2) Since the low speed drop zone and the coupling of the detector have a great impact on the quality of the data, the detector should be placed in a low-lying location with suitable surface conditions (surface lithology) for the detector to receive the data and good coupling between the detector and the ground.

[0089] (3) Due to both construction safety and GPS signal reception considerations, some geophones are located in dense forests, making it difficult for personnel to enter and exit. Furthermore, the dense forests can affect the reception of GPS signals. Therefore, the geophones should be buried away from dense forests.

[0090] In this embodiment, based on the above-mentioned optimization principle of the detector point, the terrain condition can be set to a distance greater than a distance threshold from the interference area. The interference area includes buildings, roads, rivers, forests, mountain tops and / or areas with a preset lithology, where the preset lithology is soil. The distance threshold can be 30 meters.

[0091] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 Two-dimensional coordinate information of the survey line can be overlaid on remote sensing imagery. Then, based on the specific distance between receiver points, the receiver points for each survey line can be displayed on the line. High-resolution three-dimensional topography can be used to identify and classify the terrain, landforms, and rock types of the work area, distinguishing gullies and mountain peaks. Because seismic waves attenuate less when propagating through hard rock, receivers should be buried in hard rock locations, avoiding placement on hillsides or in loose soil. Similarly, when there are man-made structures, villages, or cities around the receiver locations, locations far from these structures should be selected using remote sensing imagery to reduce the low signal-to-noise ratio of seismic signals caused by urban buildings and the impact of human activities.

[0092] In one example, the original design point of the initial detector point A was on a mountaintop and 40 meters away from the main road. The signal attenuation was more severe at the initial detector point A, which was not conducive to signal reception. Furthermore, the detector point was too close to the main road, which made it susceptible to interference and affected the signal quality. After offset optimization, the target detector point A' was located in a gully and was farther away from the road.

[0093] In another example, the original design point of the initial receiver point B was located in the river. Since there are roads and villages on the left side of the river, the target receiver point B' after offset optimization was selected on the right side of the river, 80 meters away from the nearest road. This road is a village path with few vehicles and is located in the bedrock area of ​​the slope at the foot of the mountain.

[0094] In this embodiment, by dividing areas with different topographic features, the initial detector point can be shifted to the location that meets the topographic conditions closest to the initial detector point. This can reduce the range of the offset point while adjusting the detector placement to a suitable location to improve the single-point signal reception quality.

[0095] In a feasible implementation, after S104, the observation system optimization method based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery may further include the following steps:

[0096] S201: Obtain slope information of the work area to be tested based on a three-dimensional terrain model.

[0097] S202: Areas in the work area to be tested where the slope information is greater than the slope threshold are identified as dangerous areas.

[0098] In this embodiment, based on the topographic information of the three-dimensional terrain model, the risk classification of the test area can be carried out according to the size of the three-dimensional terrain slope. For example, for areas in the test area where the slope information is greater than the slope threshold, steep areas that are prone to geological disasters such as landslides can be identified as dangerous areas. This allows construction personnel to understand the distribution of dangerous areas and establish emergency refuge points in dangerous areas to deal with sudden safety situations, thus providing a guarantee for the safe production of the project.

[0099] It should be noted that by overlaying and fusing the digital elevation model with the target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image and then performing 3D rendering, a 3D terrain model of the work area to be measured is formed. Based on this 3D terrain model, the following effects can be achieved:

[0100] 1. Compared with traditional paper maps and map apps, 3D high-resolution remote sensing imagery is updated more promptly and has a higher resolution, up to 0.5m. High-resolution and timely updated remote sensing imagery allows technicians to better understand the overall situation of the work area, efficiently plan routes, and formulate construction plans.

[0101] 2. It provides a very intuitive understanding of the elevation information and surface lithology of the work area, making up for the lack of complete information due to the difficulty of reconnaissance in complex work areas. Areas that are inaccessible by manpower can be clearly seen on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing images.

[0102] 3. When designing the location of the geophones, combining remote sensing imagery with elevation data and surface lithology allows the geophones to be placed in locations with good surface reception conditions and low terrain. This greatly improves the quality of the signal received by a single geophone, thereby improving the overall signal level, reducing the number of geophones, and lowering costs.

[0103] 4. Through three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing technology, professional technicians can understand the information of the work area without physically visiting it. The designed observation system is more reasonable, and the number of subsequent modifications to the observation system is greatly reduced, thus speeding up the progress of the entire project.

[0104] 5. Effectively avoids the problem of unreasonable location deviation of the detector point due to the construction personnel only considering the convenience of construction and ignoring the technical aspects. It allows the technicians to have a clearer and more comprehensive understanding of the work area, which greatly reduces the number of points that need to be deviated, and the design points are more reasonable. It can narrow the range of deviation, and the technicians can also correct unreasonable new physical points in a timely manner after deviation.

[0105] Secondly, based on the same inventive concept, and referring to... Figure 6 This application provides an observation system optimization device 600 based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery. The observation system optimization device 600 based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery includes:

[0106] Image acquisition module 601 is used to acquire initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing images of the work area to be measured in the source coordinate system;

[0107] The coordinate mapping module 602 is used to map the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image into the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system.

[0108] The detector point projection module 603 is used to project preset detector points onto the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain initial detector points.

[0109] Model building module 604 is used to build a three-dimensional terrain model of the work area to be measured based on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image and the digital elevation model corresponding to the work area to be measured.

[0110] The receiver point optimization module 605 is used to perform offset optimization on the initial receiver point based on the three-dimensional terrain model to obtain the target receiver point on the three-dimensional terrain model.

[0111] In one feasible implementation, the coordinate mapping module 602 includes:

[0112] The geometric correction submodule is used to perform geometric correction on the initial 3D high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain a standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing image.

[0113] The mapping submodule is used to map standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing images into target 3D high-resolution remote sensing images in the target coordinate system.

[0114] In one feasible implementation, the detector point optimization module 605 includes:

[0115] The terrain and geomorphology feature determination submodule is used to determine the terrain and geomorphology features corresponding to the initial receiver points based on the three-dimensional terrain model.

[0116] The target receiver point determination submodule is used to offset and optimize the initial receiver point when the topographic features of the initial receiver point do not meet the preset topographic conditions, so as to obtain the target receiver point; the target receiver point is the point that meets the topographic conditions and is closest to the initial receiver point.

[0117] In one feasible implementation, the terrain conditions include: the distance from the interference area is greater than a distance threshold; the interference area includes: buildings, roads, rivers, forests, mountain peaks and / or areas with a preset lithology.

[0118] In one feasible implementation, the observation system optimization device 600 based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery further includes:

[0119] The slope information acquisition module is used to acquire slope information of the work area to be measured based on a three-dimensional terrain model.

[0120] The hazardous area determination module is used to identify areas in the work area to be tested where the slope information is greater than the slope threshold as hazardous areas.

[0121] It should be noted that the specific implementation of the observation system optimization device 600 based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image in this application embodiment refers to the specific implementation of the observation system optimization method based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image proposed in the first aspect of the above-mentioned application embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0122] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, apparatus, or computer program products. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention can take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, entirely software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention can take the form of computer program products implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0123] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, terminal devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0124] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0125] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing terminal equipment, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable terminal equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0126] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0127] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes the element.

[0128] The above provides a detailed description of the observation system optimization method and apparatus based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing images provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing an observation system based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image of the work area to be measured in the source coordinate system; The initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image is mapped to the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system; The preset detector points are projected onto the target's three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain the initial detector points; Based on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image and the digital elevation model corresponding to the work area to be measured, a three-dimensional terrain model of the work area to be measured is constructed. Based on the three-dimensional terrain model, the initial receiver point is offset and optimized to obtain the target receiver point on the three-dimensional terrain model; Mapping the initial 3D high-resolution remote sensing image to a target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system includes: Geometric correction is performed on the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain a standard three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image; The standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing image is mapped to the target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system; Specifically, based on the three-dimensional terrain model, the initial receiver point is offset and optimized to obtain the target receiver point on the three-dimensional terrain model, including: Based on the three-dimensional terrain model, the terrain features corresponding to the initial receiver point are determined; If the topographic features of the initial receiver point do not meet the preset topographic conditions, the initial receiver point is offset and optimized to obtain the target receiver point; the target receiver point is the point that meets the topographic conditions and is closest to the initial receiver point.

2. The method for optimizing an observation system based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terrain conditions include: the distance to the interference area is greater than a distance threshold; the interference area includes: buildings, roads, rivers, forests, mountain tops and / or areas with preset lithology.

3. The method for optimizing an observation system based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery according to claim 1, characterized in that, After constructing a three-dimensional terrain model of the work area to be measured based on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image and the digital elevation model corresponding to the work area to be measured, the method further includes: Based on the three-dimensional terrain model, the slope information of the work area to be measured is obtained; Areas in the test area with slope information greater than the slope threshold are identified as dangerous areas.

4. An optimization device for an observation system based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery, characterized in that, The device includes: The image acquisition module is used to acquire the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image of the work area to be measured in the source coordinate system. The coordinate mapping module is used to map the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image into a target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system. The detector point projection module is used to project preset detector points onto the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain initial detector points; The model building module is used to build a three-dimensional terrain model of the work area to be measured based on the target three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image and the digital elevation model corresponding to the work area to be measured. The receiver point optimization module is used to perform offset optimization on the initial receiver point based on the three-dimensional terrain model to obtain the target receiver point on the three-dimensional terrain model. The coordinate mapping module includes: The geometric correction submodule is used to perform geometric correction on the initial three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image to obtain a standard three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing image. The mapping submodule is used to map the standard 3D high-resolution remote sensing image into a target 3D high-resolution remote sensing image in the target coordinate system. The detector point optimization module includes: The terrain and geomorphology feature determination submodule is used to determine the terrain and geomorphology features corresponding to the initial receiver point based on the three-dimensional terrain model. The target receiver point determination submodule is used to perform offset optimization on the initial receiver point to obtain a target receiver point when the topographic features of the initial receiver point do not meet the preset topographic conditions; the target receiver point is the point that meets the topographic conditions and is closest to the initial receiver point.

5. The observation system optimization device based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The terrain conditions include: the distance to the interference area is greater than a distance threshold; the interference area includes: buildings, roads, rivers, forests, mountain tops and / or areas with preset lithology.

6. The observation system optimization device based on three-dimensional high-resolution remote sensing imagery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The device further includes: The slope information acquisition module is used to acquire the slope information of the work area to be measured based on the three-dimensional terrain model. The hazardous area determination module is used to determine areas in the work area to be tested whose slope information is greater than the slope threshold as hazardous areas.

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