Preparation method of fabric with temperature and humidity automatic adjusting function

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of a fabric with temperature and humidity automatic adjusting function. The fabric is prepared through the following steps: first, impregnation finishing by a working solution containing temperature control material, then micro-bubble finishing by a working solution containing humidity adjusting material, and finally freeze-drying. The temperature control material and the humidity adjusting material are combined, the humidity adjusting agent is modified by mesoporous silicon dioxide and is affected by oxidized polyethylene wax, and through the micro-bubble finishing and freeze-drying process, the fabric with temperature and humidity adjusting function is prepared. The obtained fabric has the characteristics of heat and moisture dissipation in a high-temperature environment and heat and moisture preservation in a low-temperature environment, and can realize the self-regulation of the temperature and humidity of the fabric. Compared with the conventional foam finishing and spray finishing process, the technical advantage of the micro-bubble finishing is more obvious.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for preparing functional fabrics, specifically a method for preparing a fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function. Background Technology

[0002] With social progress and development, functional textiles have gradually increased their market share in the textile industry. Temperature and humidity control, as two key areas within this category, are closely related to people's daily lives. On the one hand, for temperature control, there are functional textiles related to light-absorbing heat generation, moisture-absorbing heat generation, xylitol cooling, jade thermal conductivity, and graphene. On the other hand, for humidity control, there are functional textiles related to moisture-wicking and quick-drying, one-way moisture wicking, and moisture-retention finishing. The mechanisms involved mainly include capillary differential effect and wicking effect.

[0003] Patent CN106758213A discloses a method for moisture-wicking and quick-drying finishing of cotton fabrics based on alkyloxysilanes. It employs alkyloxysilane modifying agents containing low surface energy groups to moderately block and hydrophobically modify the hydroxyl groups on cotton fibers, giving the fabric a certain degree of moisture-wicking and quick-drying ability. Furthermore, patent CN107280099A discloses a sweat-wicking, quick-drying, and non-chilling pajama and its manufacturing process. This patent mixes a moisture-wicking finishing agent, modified polyvinyl alcohol emulsion, softener, and water evenly to obtain a hydrophilic finishing liquid. Through impregnation, ultraviolet irradiation, and microwave treatment, a sweat-wicking, quick-drying, and non-chilling fabric is obtained. Traditional functional fabrics have relatively limited performance characteristics; they either only have temperature regulation functions without humidity regulation functions, or only humidity regulation functions without temperature regulation functions. The patent with publication number CN105951454A discloses a processing method for temperature and humidity regulating polyamide-ester fabric. By applying phase change microcapsules and hydrophilic finishing agents to the polyamide-ester fabric, it achieves a one-way moisture-wicking function and temperature regulation function with hydrophilic front and hydrophobic back. However, the foam coating process used does not significantly improve the humidity regulation performance of the fabric. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The present invention aims to provide a method for preparing a fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function.

[0005] Technical solution: The preparation method of the fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function of the present invention comprises the following steps: the fabric is first impregnated and treated with a working liquid containing temperature control material, then treated with a working liquid containing humidity regulating material using microbubbles, and finally freeze-dried.

[0006] Furthermore, the working fluid containing the temperature-controlling material comprises, by weight, the following components: 20-30 parts phase change microcapsules, 5-10 parts water-repellent softener, and 90-100 parts solvent; wherein the phase change point of the phase change microcapsules is 28-30℃, the water-repellent softener is a modified silicone emulsion, and the solvent is deionized water.

[0007] Furthermore, the working fluid containing the humidity-regulating material comprises, by weight, the following components: 10-20 parts of mesoporous silica-modified humidity regulator, 0.1-1 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax, and 90-100 parts of solvent.

[0008] Furthermore, the phase change point of the phase change microcapsule is the same temperature as the response point of the humectant.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the mesoporous silica modified humidity regulator is as follows: dispersing mesoporous silica in a solvent containing a humidity regulator, centrifuging and filtering after constant temperature shaking, and drying to obtain the product; wherein, the mass ratio of the mesoporous silica to the humidity regulator is 1:2-5; the concentration of the humidity regulator in the solvent is 10-30 g / L; the shaking parameters are: shaking temperature is 20-26℃, and shaking time is 2-4 h.

[0010] Further, the humidifier is poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) [P(NIPAM-co-MAA)], poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methyl methacrylate) [P(NIPAM-co-MMA)], or poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl methacrylate) [P(NIPAM-co-MBA)], with a response point of 28-30℃; the solvent is deionized water.

[0011] Furthermore, the parameters for the impregnation finishing are: a liquor ratio of 1:10-20, a temperature of 40-60℃, and a time of 3-5 minutes.

[0012] Furthermore, the microbubble finishing process is as follows: air is introduced into the working liquid containing the moisture-regulating material, and a micro-nano bubble generator is used to generate microbubbles with a particle size of 1-10μm in the working liquid after gas-liquid mixing. The microbubble rate is controlled at 80-90%. The working liquid containing microbubbles is introduced into the inner side of the fabric by spraying, and the fabric weight gain is controlled at 10-20%.

[0013] Furthermore, the parameters for the freeze drying are: vacuum degree of 5-15 Pa, drying temperature of -50℃ to -30℃, and drying time of 12-24h.

[0014] Furthermore, the fabric is one of pure cotton fabric, regenerated cellulose fabric, or polyester-cotton blend fabric.

[0015] Invention Principle: In this invention, the water-repellent softener refers to the fabric whose surface tension is reduced after treatment. The purpose is to improve the fabric's hand feel while appropriately reducing its hydrophilicity, which is beneficial for subsequent microbubble finishing. 'Appropriate' means that the wetting time of the fabric surface after treatment with the water-repellent softener is 60-90 seconds. Furthermore, the 'inner side' of the fabric treated with microbubble refers to the side that is closest to human skin during application.

[0016] The phase change microcapsules described in this invention can impart stronger heat storage capacity to fabrics during the heating phase and release the stored heat during cooling. During changes in external temperature, fabrics treated with temperature-controlling materials experience a buffering process near the phase change point, thus regulating fabric temperature. The moisture-regulating agent described in this invention exhibits a temperature-responsive characteristic in terms of volume and hydrophilicity, making it well-suited for applications in fabric humidity control. Specifically, above the response point temperature, the polymer molecules of the moisture-regulating agent shrink, increasing hydrophobicity. At this point, the inner side of the fabric is more hydrophobic than the outer side, promoting moisture transfer. Conversely, below the response point temperature, the polymer molecules of the moisture-regulating agent swell, increasing hydrophilicity and volume, closing some of the pores between fibers and slowing down moisture transfer.

[0017] The microbubble finishing process described in this invention utilizes a micro / nanobubble generator to produce microbubbles with a particle size of 1-10 μm in the working fluid after gas-liquid mixing through gas-liquid shearing. Mesoporous silica has a high desorption activation energy and adsorbs at the gas-liquid interface during microbubble generation, which facilitates the free dispersion and stable, non-rupture of microbubbles in the liquid phase. Oxidized polyethylene wax surrounds the outer periphery of the microbubble liquid phase, improving the structural stability of the microbubbles during freeze-drying. After the fabric undergoes a water-repellent softening treatment, the surface tension is reduced, allowing microbubbles to be stably adsorbed onto the fabric surface. Simultaneously, the electrostatic repulsion between microbubbles prevents them from agglomerating and growing larger. The modification of mesoporous silica and the addition of oxidized polyethylene wax allow the freeze-dried moisture-regulating agent to embed in the fibers in a microsphere form, forming a uniform microspherical moisture-regulating structure on the inner side of the fabric surface. When the humidifier is above the response point temperature, the inner side of the fabric contains hydrophobic microspheres, which significantly increases the transfer of moisture on the fabric; when the humidifier is below the response point temperature, the inner side of the fabric contains hydrophilic microspheres, which greatly slows down the transfer of moisture on the fabric.

[0018] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: This invention combines temperature-controlling materials with humidity-regulating materials. Through modification with mesoporous silica and the action of oxidized polyethylene wax, and via microbubble finishing and freeze-drying processes, a fabric with temperature and humidity regulating functions is prepared. This fabric can meet the human body's heat dissipation and moisture dissipation needs in high-temperature environments, while also possessing heat preservation and moisture retention functions in low-temperature environments. Compared with conventional foam finishing and spray finishing processes, the technical advantages of the microbubble finishing process in this invention are more obvious. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments.

[0020] The oxidized polyethylene wax used in this invention was purchased from Nanjing Tianshi OE-6102 wax emulsion, the mesoporous silica was purchased from Beijing Zhongke Keyou with a particle size of 200nm, the humectant was purchased from Aladdin Chemical Reagent, the deionized water was self-made, and the micro-nano bubble generator used was purchased from Shanghai Rujing Environmental Protection's experimental micro-nano bubble generator.

[0021] Example 1: The preparation method of the fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function provided in this example is as follows:

[0022] (1) Take 10 parts of TF-W062 (purchased from Chuanhua Chemical), 30 parts of PCM finishing agent (purchased from Shanghai Xinwu) and 100 parts of deionized water to prepare a temperature-controlled working solution, and immerse the cotton fabric in it. The bath ratio is 1:20, the immersion temperature is 40℃, and the immersion time is 5min. After immersion, dry the fabric for later use.

[0023] (2) Dissolve 3g of P(NIPAM-co-MAA) in 100mL of deionized water, disperse 0.6g of mesoporous silica in the solution, shake at 26℃ for 2h, centrifuge, filter and dry to obtain mesoporous silica-modified P(NIPAM-co-MAA);

[0024] (3) Take 20 parts of mesoporous silica-modified P (NIPAM-co-MAA), 1 part of oxidized polyethylene wax, and 100 parts of deionized water and mix them evenly to obtain a humidification working solution. Air is introduced into the humidification working solution, and micro-nano bubble generators are used to generate microbubbles with a particle size of 10 μm in the working solution after gas-liquid mixing. The microbubble rate is controlled at 90%. The working solution containing microbubbles is introduced into the inner side of the fabric by spraying, and the fabric weight gain is controlled at 10%.

[0025] (4) The fabric after microbubble treatment is freeze-dried at a vacuum of 15 Pa, a drying temperature of -50 °C, and a drying time of 12 h.

[0026] Example 2: The preparation method of the fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function provided in this example is as follows:

[0027] (1) Take 5 parts of JF-303-30 (purchased from Hubei Yuancheng), 20 parts of JYK-PCM (purchased from Shanghai Jieyikang) and 90 parts of deionized water to prepare a temperature-controlled working solution, and immerse the cotton fabric in it. The bath ratio is 1:10, the immersion temperature is 60℃, and the immersion time is 3 minutes. After immersion, dry the fabric for later use.

[0028] (2) Dissolve 1g of P(NIPAM-co-MMA) in 100mL of deionized water, disperse 0.5g of mesoporous silica in the solution, shake at 20℃ for 4h, centrifuge, filter and dry to obtain mesoporous silica-modified P(NIPAM-co-MMA);

[0029] (3) Take 10 parts of mesoporous silica-modified P (NIPAM-co-MMA), 0.1 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax, and 90 parts of deionized water and mix them evenly to obtain a humidification working solution. Air is introduced into the humidification working solution, and a micro-nano bubble generator is used to generate microbubbles with a particle size of 1μm in the working solution after gas-liquid mixing. The microbubble rate is controlled at 80%. The working solution containing microbubbles is introduced into the inner side of the fabric by spraying, and the fabric weight gain is controlled at 20%.

[0030] (4) The fabric after microbubble treatment is freeze-dried at a vacuum of 5 Pa, a drying temperature of -30 °C, and a drying time of 24 h.

[0031] Example 3: The preparation method of the fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function provided in this example is as follows:

[0032] (1) Take 8 parts Kinsoft 2069 (purchased from Shanghai Qifang), 25 parts PCM-SET (purchased from Changzhou Meisheng) and 95 parts deionized water to prepare a temperature-controlled working solution, and impregnate the cotton fabric with a liquor ratio of 1:15, an ultrasonic temperature of 50℃ and an ultrasonic time of 4min. After impregnation, dry the fabric for later use.

[0033] (2) Dissolve 2g of P(NIPAM-co-MBA) in 100mL of deionized water, disperse 0.5g of mesoporous silica in the solution, shake at 24℃ for 3h, centrifuge, filter and dry to obtain mesoporous silica-modified P(NIPAM-co-MBA);

[0034] (3) Take 15 parts of mesoporous silica-modified P (NIPAM-co-MBA), 0.5 parts of oxidized polyethylene wax, and 90 parts of deionized water and mix them evenly to obtain a humidification working solution. Air is introduced into the humidification working solution, and a micro-nano bubble generator is used to generate microbubbles with a particle size of 5μm in the working solution after gas-liquid mixing. The microbubble rate is controlled at 85%. The working solution containing microbubbles is introduced into the inner side of the fabric by spraying, controlling the fabric weight gain by 15%.

[0035] (4) The fabric after microbubble treatment is freeze-dried at a vacuum of 10 Pa, a drying temperature of -40 °C, and a drying time of 20 h.

[0036] Comparative Example 1: Based on Example 1, the difference is that TF-W062 was not added to the working fluid containing the temperature control material.

[0037] Comparative Example 2: Based on Example 1, the difference is that no PCM finishing agent was added to the working fluid containing the temperature control material.

[0038] Comparative Example 3: Based on Example 1, the difference is that P (NIPAM-co-MAA) was not added to the working solution containing the humidification material.

[0039] Comparative Example 4: Based on Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that P(NIPAM-co-MAA) was not modified with mesoporous silica.

[0040] Comparative Example 5: Based on Example 1, the difference is that oxidized polyethylene wax was not added to the humidification working solution.

[0041] Comparative Example 6: Based on Example 1, but unlike Example 1, the same amount of P (NIPAM-co-MAA) was applied to the inside of the fabric using a foam finishing method.

[0042] Comparative Example 7: Based on Example 1, but unlike Example 1, the same amount of P (NIPAM-co-MAA) was applied to the inside of the fabric by spray finishing.

[0043] Fabric temperature regulation performance test

[0044] Temperature rise test: The untreated fabric was used as a blank sample and equilibrated with the treated fabric in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 10℃ and 65%RH for 12 hours. Then, the parameters of the constant temperature and humidity chamber were set to raise the temperature to 50℃ at a rate of 5℃ / min. The internal temperature of the fabric was recorded every 5 seconds, and the internal temperature difference between the blank sample and the treated fabric at different times was calculated.

[0045] Cooling test: The untreated fabric was used as a blank sample and equilibrated with the treated fabric in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 50℃ and 65%RH for 12 hours. Then, the parameters of the constant temperature and humidity chamber were set to cool down to 10℃ at a cooling rate of 5℃ / min. The internal temperature of the fabric was recorded every 5 seconds, and the internal temperature difference between the treated fabric and the blank sample at different times was calculated.

[0046] The maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax) during the heating and cooling tests was used as the evaluation parameter for the fabric's temperature regulation performance. Table 1 below shows the test results of the maximum temperature difference during the heating and cooling processes of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 2-3.

[0047] Table 1. Test results of the maximum temperature difference during the heating and cooling processes of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 2-3.

[0048] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 <![CDATA[Temperature rise ΔT max (°C)]]> 3.9 3.8 3.6 0.6 3.0 <![CDATA[Temperature drop ΔT max (°C)]]> 3.3 3.1 2.9 0.8 2.3

[0049] As shown in Examples 1-3, after phase change microcapsule treatment, during the fabric heating process, the internal temperature of the untreated fabric near the phase change point is higher than that of the treated fabric; during the fabric cooling process, the internal temperature of the untreated fabric near the phase change point is lower than that of the treated fabric, indicating that there is a temperature buffer period after treatment. This is because the phase change microcapsules at the phase change point during heating have the characteristic of storing the heat absorbed by the fabric and releasing the stored heat during cooling, thus regulating the internal temperature of the fabric. Comparative Example 2, without PCM treatment agent, has a poor temperature regulation function due to relying solely on internal humidity regulation. Comparative Example 3, without humidity regulator P (NIPAM-co-MAA), shows a smaller internal temperature difference near the phase change point compared to Example 1, indicating a lack of humidity regulation function near the response point, which negatively impacts the fabric's temperature regulation function.

[0050] Fabric moisture regulation performance test

[0051] Referencing the test methods for evaporation rate and moisture permeability of fabrics in GB / T21655.1-2008 "Evaluation of the moisture absorption and quick-drying properties of textiles", and making appropriate modifications, we evaluated the moisture regulation ability of the fabrics.

[0052] The following modifications were made: the fabric evaporation rate and moisture permeability were tested under both high temperature (35℃) and low temperature (25℃) conditions, and each test was conducted on the inside of the fabric. Table 2 below shows the moisture conditioning test results for Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7.

[0053] Table 2. Humidity regulation capacity test results of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7

[0054]

[0055] The test results from Examples 1-3 show that the freeze-dried moisture-regulating agent of the present invention is uniformly embedded between fibers in the form of microspheres. The fabric prepared has excellent moisture-wicking ability at high temperatures and good moisture-retaining ability at low temperatures. In Comparative Example 2, the fabric did not undergo phase change microcapsule treatment, and the moisture-regulating performance of the fabric did not change significantly. In Comparative Example 3, without the addition of P (NIPAM-co-MAA), the fabric exhibited extremely poor moisture permeability at high temperatures and poor moisture retention at low temperatures. In Comparative Example 1, the fabric was not treated with a water-repellent and softening finish, resulting in a high surface energy. Microbubbles were prone to rupture during introduction onto the fabric surface, and the humectant could not form microspheres to adhere to the fabric after freeze-drying. In Comparative Example 4, P(NIPAM-co-MAA) was not modified with mesoporous silica, and the microbubbles generated by the micro / nano bubble generator could not remain stably in the working fluid. In Comparative Example 5, no oxidized polyethylene wax was added, and the microbubbles on the fabric surface were prone to rupture or collapse during freeze-drying, preventing the humectant from forming microspheres to adhere to the fabric after freeze-drying. In Comparative Example 6, a foam finishing process was used, where the humectant was applied to the fabric using a foam generator to create a foam working fluid composed of numerous microbubbles. The humectant was distributed continuously in large flakes on the fabric surface after freeze-drying. In Comparative Example 7, a spray finishing process was used, where the humectant was applied to the fabric as small droplets through an atomizing cup. The humectant could not adhere to the fabric surface in microsphere form after freeze-drying. The process conditions of Comparative Examples 1 and 4-7 failed to allow the freeze-dried moisture-regulating agent to embed in the fibers in the form of microspheres, and a uniform microsphere moisture-regulating structure was not formed on the inner side of the fabric, resulting in a significant decrease in the moisture permeability of the fabric under high temperature conditions and the moisture retention under low temperature conditions.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: the fabric is first impregnated with a working solution containing temperature-controlling materials, then microbubble treated with a working solution containing humidity-regulating materials, and finally freeze-dried; the working solution containing temperature-controlling materials, by mass, includes the following components: 20-30 parts phase change microcapsules, 5-10 parts water-repellent softener, and 90-100 parts solvent; the working solution containing humidity-regulating materials, by mass, includes the following components: 10-20 parts mesoporous silica-modified humidity regulator, 0.1-1 parts oxidized polyethylene wax, and 90-100 parts solvent; the phase change point of the phase change microcapsules is the same temperature as the response point of the humidity regulator.

2. The method for preparing fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the mesoporous silica modified humidity regulator is as follows: disperse mesoporous silica in a solvent containing the humidity regulator, shake at a constant temperature, centrifuge and filter, and then dry.

3. The method for preparing a fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the mesoporous silica to the humectant is 1:2-5; the concentration of the humectant in the solvent is 10-30 g / L.

4. The method for preparing a fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The humidity regulator is poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methyl methacrylate), or poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl methacrylate), with a response point of 28-30℃.

5. The method for preparing a fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters for the impregnation finishing are: liquor ratio of 1:10-20, temperature of 40-60℃, and time of 3-5 min.

6. The method for preparing a fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microbubble finishing process is as follows: air is introduced into the working liquid containing the moisture-regulating material, and a micro-nano bubble generator is used to generate microbubbles with a particle size of 1-10μm in the working liquid after gas-liquid mixing. The microbubble rate is controlled at 80-90%. The working liquid containing microbubbles is introduced into the inner side of the fabric by spraying, and the fabric weight gain is controlled at 10-20%.

7. The method for preparing a fabric with automatic temperature and humidity regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters for freeze drying are: vacuum degree of 5-15 Pa, drying temperature of -50℃ to -30℃, and drying time of 12-24h.

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