Transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-associated stimulation effects

Abstract

The present invention provides a transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired associative stimulation effects, which can be applied to the field of biomedical engineering technology. The system includes: an electroencephalogram acquisition channel, which is used to collect a first induced brain electronic signal and a second induced brain electronic signal generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain. The first induced brain electronic signal is obtained when the stimulation object is not stimulated by the endogenous paired associative stimulation method, and the second induced brain electronic signal is obtained after the stimulation object is stimulated by the endogenous paired associative stimulation method. The endogenous paired associative stimulation method is determined based on the start time of the motor imagery paradigm and the transmission time of the median nerve electrical stimulation; the muscle electrical signal evaluation device is used to process the induced muscle electrical signal generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain. The system is used to obtain the evaluation result of the motor pathway from muscle to cerebral cortex based on the muscle electrical signal evaluation result and the electroencephalogram signal evaluation result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biomedical engineering technology, and in particular to a transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-association stimulation effects. Background Art

[0002] For the process of brain repair, we can base it on the Hebb theory of brain neural plasticity. Through continuous and repeated stimulation of presynaptic neurons to postsynaptic neurons, the peripheral somatosensory motor pathway can be passively activated.

[0003] Most evaluations of brain repair effects are done by analyzing the collected induced brain waves through an evaluation system to obtain the brain repair effect. The situation in which muscle movement is caused by electrical or magnetic stimulation of the brain is not taken into account, and the evaluation system cannot accurately determine the brain repair effect of the motor pathway from the peripheral nerve terminals to the cerebral cortex nerve center. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-association stimulation effects.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the present invention, a transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired association stimulation effect is provided, comprising: a transcranial magnetic stimulation device, the transcranial magnetic stimulation device comprising a transcranial magnetic stimulation channel and an electroencephalogram acquisition channel, the transcranial magnetic stimulation device is placed in the brain of the stimulation object, and is used to output a magnetic signal of an intensity corresponding to the stimulation instruction through the transcranial magnetic stimulation channel according to the stimulation instruction when the transcranial magnetic stimulation device receives a stimulation instruction, so as to perform transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain of the stimulation object. The electroencephalogram acquisition channel is used to collect induced electroencephalogram signals generated by the brain under transcranial magnetic stimulation, the induced electroencephalogram signals comprising a first induced electroencephalogram signal and a second induced electroencephalogram signal, the first induced electroencephalogram signal is obtained by the stimulation object without being stimulated by the endogenous paired association stimulation method, the second induced electroencephalogram signal is obtained by the stimulation object after being stimulated by the endogenous paired association stimulation method, the endogenous paired association stimulation method is determined according to the start time of the motor imagery paradigm and the transmission time of the median nerve electrical stimulation, the motor imagery and median nerve electrical stimulation induced electroencephalogram signals are sent to the electroencephalogram signal evaluation device to output the stimulation time parameters of the endogenous paired association stimulation. A muscle electrical signal acquisition device is used to acquire induced muscle electrical signals generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain, and send the induced muscle electrical signals to a muscle electrical signal evaluation device. A muscle electrical signal evaluation device is electrically connected to the muscle electrical signal acquisition device. It is used to process the received induced muscle electrical signals to obtain muscle electrical signal evaluation results. An electroencephalogram signal evaluation device is electrically connected to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device, and is used to process the received induced electroencephalogram signals to obtain electroencephalogram signal evaluation results. Among them, the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired associated stimulation effect is used to obtain the evaluation results of the motor pathway from muscle to cerebral cortex based on the muscle electrical signal evaluation results and the electroencephalogram signal evaluation results.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-association stimulation effect further includes: a parameter setting device electrically connected to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device, the parameter setting device being used to set the intensity of the transcranial magnetic stimulation and the time information of the transcranial magnetic stimulation. The parameter setting device is used to generate a stimulation instruction according to the preset intensity of the transcranial magnetic stimulation and the time information of the transcranial magnetic stimulation, and send the stimulation instruction to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the stimulation instruction includes i trials. The transcranial magnetic stimulation device performs i transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain of the stimulation object according to the i trials, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The electroencephalogram signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced electroencephalogram signal to obtain an electroencephalogram signal evaluation result, including: preprocessing the received induced electroencephalogram signals from the first to the i-th time to obtain the preprocessed induced electroencephalogram signals from the first to the i-th time, and the preprocessed induced electroencephalogram signals include preprocessed electroencephalogram potential values ​​corresponding to the time information. According to the time information, the preprocessed electroencephalogram potential values ​​from the first to the i-th time are accumulated to obtain the accumulated electroencephalogram potential value. According to the i trials, the accumulated electroencephalogram potential values ​​are averaged to obtain the transcranial magnetic stimulation electroencephalogram signal. Through at least one time window, the target brain electronic signal is extracted from the transcranial magnetic stimulation electroencephalogram signal to obtain at least one transcranial magnetic stimulation peak corresponding to the target brain electronic signal, and the electroencephalogram signal evaluation result is obtained according to the at least one transcranial magnetic stimulation peak.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value includes a first transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value corresponding to the first induced brain electronic signal and a second transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value corresponding to the second induced brain electronic signal.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the EEG signal evaluation device is used to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result based on at least one transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value, including: comparing the first transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value with the second transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value to obtain transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value change information. Drawing a topological map based on the transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value change information. Based on the drawn topological map, obtaining an excitability change evaluation result corresponding to the brain, the EEG signal evaluation result includes an excitability change evaluation result.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the EEG signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced EEG signal to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result, and also includes: according to the number of sub-channels and the induced brain electronic signal of each sub-channel in i trials in a preset time window, the average amplitude of the induced EEG signal is calculated, the EEG acquisition channel includes at least one sub-channel, and the induced EEG signal includes at least one induced brain electronic signal. According to the amplitude corresponding to the induced brain electronic signal, the average amplitude and the number of sub-channels, the global mean field power is obtained. According to the global mean field power, the evaluation result of the excitement state of the cerebral cortex is obtained, and the EEG signal evaluation result also includes the evaluation result of the excitability state of the cerebral cortex.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the EEG signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced EEG signal to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result, and also includes: determining a target channel from the EEG acquisition channel, the target channel includes at least one target sub-channel. According to the number of target sub-channels and the target induced brain electronic signal of each target sub-channel in i trials in a preset time window, the local mean field power is obtained. According to the local mean field power, the evaluation result of the excitement state of the right side of the brain cortex is obtained, and the EEG signal evaluation result also includes the evaluation result of the excitement state of the right side of the brain cortex.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the muscle electrical signal acquisition device includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a ground electrode, wherein the positive electrode is placed on the target muscle of the stimulation object. The negative electrode is placed on the Hegu point of the stimulation object. The ground electrode is placed in the middle of the forearm of the stimulation object, and the induced muscle electrical signal includes a first induced muscle electrical signal and a second induced muscle electrical signal corresponding to the first induced brain electronic signal and the second induced brain electronic signal, respectively.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the muscle electrical signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced muscle electrical signal to obtain a muscle electrical signal evaluation result, including:

[0014] The received induced muscle electric signal is preprocessed to obtain a preprocessed induced muscle electric signal. According to the time information, a target time period of the induced muscle electric signal is determined. According to the target time period and a preset threshold, a first target electric signal and a second target electric signal are determined from the preprocessed induced muscle electric signal. According to the first target electric signal and the second target electric signal, an absolute amplitude difference between the first target electric signal and the second target electric signal is calculated to obtain a peak-to-peak value corresponding to the induced muscle electric signal. According to the peak-to-peak value, an evaluation result of the muscle electric signal is obtained.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the endogenous paired associative stimulation method is based on the latency of the maximum point in the negative EEG wave induced by the motor imagery paradigm, takes the latency of the maximum point in the negative EEG wave as the starting time point of brain activity, and matches the latency of the maximum point in the negative EEG wave with the latency of the positive potential generated in 20 milliseconds in the somatosensory evoked potential induced by electrical stimulation of the median nerve.

[0016] According to the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired association stimulation effect provided by the present invention, a transcranial magnetic stimulation device is placed in the brain of the stimulation object to collect induced EEG signals generated by the brain under transcranial magnetic stimulation, and the induced EEG signals are sent to the EEG signal evaluation device. The EEG signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced EEG signals to obtain EEG signal evaluation results, thereby obtaining a repair evaluation result of brain nerves for transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain.

[0017] The muscle electrical signal acquisition device is used to collect the induced muscle electrical signals generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain, and send the induced muscle electrical signals to the muscle electrical signal evaluation device, considering that the brain is stimulated by electrical or magnetic stimulation and will produce peripheral body sensation, causing muscle movement. The muscle electrical signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced muscle electrical signals to obtain the muscle electrical signal evaluation results, so as to accurately evaluate the movement pathway from the motor area to the corresponding target muscle.

[0018] The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-associated stimulation effects is used to obtain evaluation results of the motor pathway from muscle to cerebral cortex based on the muscle electrical signal evaluation results and the EEG signal evaluation results, thereby accurately evaluating the repair effect of the motor pathway from peripheral somatosensory to cerebral cortex. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The above contents and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram schematically shows a transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired associative stimulation effects according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a training system according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an endogenous pairing association stimulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a parameter setting interface according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown; and

[0024] Figure 5 The figure schematically shows the parameters of the induced muscle electrical signal according to the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Below, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following detailed description, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of embodiments of the present invention. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of concepts of the present invention.

[0026] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The terms "comprise", "include", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0027] All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0028] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", they should generally be interpreted according to the meaning of the expression commonly understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but is not limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.).

[0029] In the technical solution of the present invention, the user information (including but not limited to user personal information, user image information, user device information, such as location information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, invention and application of the relevant data comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, take necessary confidentiality measures, do not violate public order and good morals, and provide corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0030] Most evaluations of brain repair effects are done by analyzing induced brain waves through an evaluation system. This does not take into account the muscle movements caused by electrical or magnetic stimulation of the brain, and the evaluation system cannot accurately determine the brain repair effects of the motor pathways from the peripheral nerve terminals to the cerebral cortex nerve centers.

[0031] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired association stimulation effect, comprising: a transcranial magnetic stimulation device, the transcranial magnetic stimulation device comprising a transcranial magnetic stimulation channel and an electroencephalogram acquisition channel, the transcranial magnetic stimulation device is placed in the brain of the stimulation object, and is used to output a magnetic signal of an intensity corresponding to the stimulation instruction through the transcranial magnetic stimulation channel according to the stimulation instruction when the transcranial magnetic stimulation device receives a stimulation instruction, so as to perform transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain of the stimulation object. The electroencephalogram acquisition channel is used to collect induced electroencephalogram signals generated by the brain under transcranial magnetic stimulation, the induced electroencephalogram signals comprising a first induced electroencephalogram signal and a second induced electroencephalogram signal, the first induced electroencephalogram signal is obtained when the stimulation object is not stimulated by the endogenous paired association stimulation method, the second induced electroencephalogram signal is obtained after the stimulation object is stimulated by the endogenous paired association stimulation method, the endogenous paired association stimulation method is determined according to the start time of the motor imagery paradigm and the transmission time of the median nerve electrical stimulation, and the induced electroencephalogram signal is sent to the electroencephalogram signal evaluation device. A muscle electrical signal acquisition device is used to acquire induced muscle electrical signals generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain, and send the induced muscle electrical signals to a muscle electrical signal evaluation device. A muscle electrical signal evaluation device is electrically connected to the muscle electrical signal acquisition device. It is used to process the received induced muscle electrical signals to obtain muscle electrical signal evaluation results. An electroencephalogram signal evaluation device is electrically connected to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device, and is used to process the received induced electroencephalogram signals to obtain electroencephalogram signal evaluation results. Among them, the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired associated stimulation effect is used to obtain the evaluation results of the motor pathway from muscle to cerebral cortex based on the muscle electrical signal evaluation results and the electroencephalogram signal evaluation results.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired associative stimulation effects according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system 100 of the endogenous paired associated stimulation effect of the present invention includes a transcranial magnetic stimulation device 110, a muscle electrical signal acquisition device 120, a muscle electrical signal evaluation device 130 and an electroencephalogram signal evaluation device 140.

[0034] The transcranial magnetic stimulation device 110 includes a transcranial magnetic stimulation channel and an electroencephalogram acquisition channel. The transcranial magnetic stimulation device is placed in the brain of the stimulation object, and is used to output a magnetic signal of a strength corresponding to the stimulation instruction through the transcranial magnetic stimulation channel according to the stimulation instruction when the transcranial magnetic stimulation device receives the stimulation instruction, so as to perform transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain of the stimulation object. The electroencephalogram acquisition channel is used to collect the induced electroencephalogram signals generated by the brain under transcranial magnetic stimulation, and send the induced electroencephalogram signals to the electroencephalogram signal evaluation device.

[0035] The muscle electrical signal acquisition device 120 is used to collect the induced muscle electrical signals generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain, and send the induced muscle electrical signals to the muscle electrical signal evaluation device.

[0036] The muscle electrical signal evaluation device 130 is electrically connected to the muscle electrical signal acquisition device and is used to process the received induced muscle electrical signal to obtain a muscle electrical signal evaluation result.

[0037] The EEG signal evaluation device 140 is electrically connected to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device and is used to process the received induced EEG signal to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result.

[0038] Among them, the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system 100 for endogenous paired-association stimulation effect is used to obtain the evaluation results of the motor pathway from muscle to cerebral cortex based on the muscle electrical signal evaluation results and the EEG signal evaluation results.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the stimulation instruction may include the magnetic signal intensity information output by the transcranial magnetic stimulation device. The stimulation instruction may also include stimulation duration information.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the EEG acquisition channel is used to acquire induced EEG signals generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-associated stimulation effects can be used to accurately evaluate the brain repair effects of the motor pathways from peripheral somatosensory to cerebral cortex on stimulation objects at various stages of brain repair.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the start time of the motor imagery paradigm may be the start time of brain activity during the motor imagery paradigm.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the induced EEG signal includes a first induced EEG signal and a second induced EEG signal, the first induced EEG signal being obtained when the stimulation object is not stimulated by an endogenous paired-association stimulation method, and the second induced EEG signal being obtained when the stimulation object is stimulated by an endogenous paired-association stimulation method, which is determined by the endogenous paired-association stimulation method based on the start time of the motor imagery paradigm and the transmission time of the median nerve electrical stimulation.

[0044] According to the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired association stimulation effect provided by the present invention, a transcranial magnetic stimulation device is placed in the brain of the stimulation object to collect induced EEG signals generated by the brain under transcranial magnetic stimulation, and the induced EEG signals are sent to the EEG signal evaluation device. The EEG signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced EEG signals to obtain EEG signal evaluation results, thereby obtaining a repair evaluation result of brain nerves for transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain.

[0045] The muscle electrical signal acquisition device is used to collect the induced muscle electrical signals generated by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain, and send the induced muscle electrical signals to the muscle electrical signal evaluation device, considering that the brain under electrical or magnetic stimulation will produce peripheral muscle changes and cause muscle movement. The muscle electrical signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced muscle electrical signals to obtain muscle electrical signal evaluation results, so as to accurately evaluate the situation of passive activation of peripheral somatosensory movement caused by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain.

[0046] The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-associated stimulation effects is used to obtain evaluation results of the motor pathway from muscle to cerebral cortex based on the muscle electrical signal evaluation results and the EEG signal evaluation results, thereby accurately evaluating the repair effect of the motor pathway from peripheral somatosensory to cerebral cortex.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the endogenous paired associative stimulation method is based on the latency of the maximum point in the negative EEG wave induced by the motor imagery paradigm, takes the latency of the maximum point in the negative EEG wave as the starting time point of brain activity, and matches the latency of the maximum point in the negative EEG wave with the latency of the positive potential generated in 20 milliseconds in the somatosensory evoked potential induced by electrical stimulation of the median nerve.

[0048] The target time period can be obtained by matching the latency of the EEG-related negative wave induced by MI (Motor Imagery) with the latency of the N20 (positive potential generated at 20 milliseconds) component of the short-term somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) induced by median nerve stimulation (MNS) through the training system. The N20 component is a positive potential generated at 20 milliseconds.

[0049] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a training system according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0050] Training system such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, it includes the endogenous paired associative stimulation (ePAS) training function module and the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evaluation system. The ePAS training includes the MI training module and the electrical stimulation module. By matching the latency of the EEG associated negative wave induced by MI with the latency of the N20 component of the short-term somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) induced by median nerve stimulation (MNS), the precise pairing of MI and median nerve stimulation is achieved. The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system of the endogenous paired associative stimulation effect is used to evaluate motor function before and after training.

[0051] TMS assessment uses single-pulse TMS measurement, accompanied by stimulation to synchronously collect evoked electroencephalogram (EEG) and evoked muscle electrical signals (EMG). Preprocessing methods such as downsampling, segmentation and baseline correction, removal and interpolation of TMS pulse artifacts, FastICA algorithm, SOUND algorithm, and 4th-order Butterworth filter are used to extract parameters such as TEP (Transcranial Electrical Potentials, transcranial magnetic stimulation EEG signals) segment oscillation to evaluate changes in cerebral cortical excitability. Evoked muscle electrical signals can also be called motor evoked potentials. Combined with electromyographic characteristics, parameters such as the peak-to-peak value and MEP latency of motor evoked potential (MEP) are used to evaluate changes in motor nerve excitability. Combined with the results of cerebral cortical excitability assessment and electromyographic assessment, the ePAS training effect is comprehensively evaluated.

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the endogenous pair-association stimulation method is shown schematically.

[0053] Specific training methods such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, TMS was used for evaluation before and after training, with a total of 120 pulses, and the interval was set to a random time interval of 4.5-5.5 seconds. The single endogenous paired-associate stimulation design was shown in the figure. It started with a random interval of 2-3 seconds of rest, and then the prompt "left hand" appeared in the center of the screen ( Figure 3 The left hand in the middle of the screen is the conditional stimulus (S1), which is designed as a paradigm. At this time, the subjects are required to prepare psychologically, including but not limited to attention shifting and the preparatory state of MI. After 2s, "Go" ( Figure 3The ePAS training consisted of 4 phases, each with 45 trials.

[0054] Endogenous Paired Associative Stimulation (ePAS) is an intervention that replaces exogenous TMS stimulation with endogenous movement-related signals. Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) is an event-related potential that produces a negative EEG waveform change before the start of movement in the cued motor imagery and motor execution paradigms. This method utilizes neural pathways active in active control and can achieve more precise neural regulation.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the endogenous paired associative stimulation training process can be to collect motor thoughts and median nerve electrical stimulation separately before stimulation. Figure 2 As shown, but no median nerve electrical stimulation was given, for a total of 60 trials. The median nerve electrical stimulation was given with a single pulse at a random interval of 3-4 seconds, for a total of 60 pulses, with the positive electrode placed 2 cm below the transverse line of the left wrist and the negative electrode placed 2.5 cm proximal to the positive electrode. The experiment collected EEG feature parameters.

[0056] The MI experiment includes dual stimulation of S1 and S2. When S2 stimulation occurs, the EEG negative waveform changes, that is, the latency of the maximum point of CNV negative waveform (T CNV Single-pulse median nerve electrical stimulation uses motor threshold intensity (MTH) to induce SSEP. The N20 component in paired associative stimulation is considered to be a component marker of nerve stimulation reaching the cerebral cortex (T N20 ). Taking the time of S2 appearance as 0, the calculation formula of interstimulus interval (ISI) is as follows.

[0057]

[0058] By using the principle of paired associative stimulation, the endogenous MI signal is precisely time-matched with PNS (Peripheral Nerve Stimulation), achieving overall efficient activation of the motor pathway, training and improving motor nerve function, and improving motor function level. The present invention uses different time pairing parameters to achieve a better motor function activation effect, further studies the effects of different precise paired stimulation times on motor function regulation, provides a theoretical research basis for motor function regulation, improves sports training programs, and is expected to achieve considerable social and economic benefits.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, by matching the latency of the maximum point in the negative EEG wave induced by the motor imagery paradigm with the latency of the positive potential generated in 20 milliseconds in the somatosensory evoked potential induced by median nerve stimulation, an endogenous paired associative stimulation method is obtained, and the collected muscle electrical signals are more accurate, thereby improving the accuracy of the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for the endogenous paired associative stimulation effect.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-association stimulation effect further includes: a parameter setting device electrically connected to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device, the parameter setting device being used to set the intensity of the transcranial magnetic stimulation and the time information of the transcranial magnetic stimulation. The parameter setting device is used to generate a stimulation instruction according to the preset intensity of the transcranial magnetic stimulation and the time information of the transcranial magnetic stimulation, and send the stimulation instruction to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device.

[0061] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a parameter setting interface according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.

[0062] The parameter setting device can use Magstim Rapid2 device, the parameter setting interface is as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the stimulation output intensity ("Stimulator Output") is a personalized setting, which is 120% of the user's resting motor threshold (RMT). RMT refers to the minimum stimulation intensity that can induce a MEP peak value ≥ 50μV (microvolt) in at least 5 out of 10 trials when a single pulse TMS acts on the primary motor cortex in a static state. The location at this time is the motor hotspot. The target muscle is the abductor pollicis brevis muscles (APB).

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the parameter setting device can be used to perform personalized settings according to different stimulation objects, thereby improving the applicability of the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-association stimulation effects.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present invention, three-dimensional stereo fitting is performed using human MRI (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging) data to determine the transcranial magnetic stimulation stimulation area. The stimulation area outputs an intensity magnetic signal corresponding to the stimulation instruction through the transcranial magnetic stimulation channel. The stimulation area is determined in combination with the three-dimensional position of the EEG acquisition channel, and the position of the target channel of the EEG acquisition channel is determined from the stimulation area.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the muscle electrical signal acquisition device includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a ground electrode, wherein the positive electrode is placed on the target muscle of the stimulation object. The negative electrode is placed on the Hegu point of the stimulation object. The ground electrode is placed in the middle of the forearm of the stimulation object, and the induced muscle electrical signal includes a first induced muscle electrical signal and a second induced muscle electrical signal corresponding to the first induced brain electronic signal and the second induced brain electronic signal, respectively.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the induced muscle electrical signals are collected more accurately through the positive, negative and ground electrodes, thereby improving the accuracy of the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for the endogenous paired-association stimulation effect.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a muscle electric signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced muscle electric signal to obtain a muscle electric signal evaluation result, including: preprocessing the received induced muscle electric signal to obtain a preprocessed induced muscle electric signal. Determine the target time period of the induced muscle electric signal based on time information. Determine a first target electric signal and a second target electric signal from the preprocessed induced muscle electric signal based on the target time period and a preset threshold. Calculate the absolute amplitude difference between the first target electric signal and the second target electric signal based on the first target electric signal and the second target electric signal to obtain a peak-to-peak value corresponding to the induced muscle electric signal. Obtain the muscle electric signal evaluation result based on the peak-to-peak value.

[0068] For example, the time information may be the time when each TMS trial starts and the time when the evoked muscle electrical signal is collected. The target time period may be the evoked muscle electrical signal from 14 milliseconds to 100 milliseconds after each TMS trial. The peak-to-peak value of the evoked muscle electrical signal is calculated as 14 milliseconds to 100 milliseconds after each TMS trial.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first target electrical signal and the second target electrical signal may be the minimum voltage peak and the maximum voltage peak in the target time period, respectively. The peak-to-peak value may be the absolute amplitude difference between the minimum voltage peak and the maximum voltage peak.

[0070] For a given evoked muscle electrical signal, a single MEP with a value greater than 2.5 standard deviations (SD) from the mean was considered an outlier and removed from further analysis. The peak value of the MEP before and after activation was statistically analyzed, and if P < 0.05, there was a significant increase after activation, indicating that the cerebral cortex was excited.

[0071] The MEP peak-to-peak value used for evaluation can be the peak-to-peak value of the evoked muscle electrical signal without endogenous paired associative stimulation training and the peak-to-peak value of the evoked muscle electrical signal after endogenous paired associative stimulation training.

[0072] Figure 5 The figure schematically shows the parameters of the induced muscle electrical signal according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Other parameters of evoked muscle electrical signals such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, Onset is the time interval when the first deflection of MEP starts; eDur is the terminal row time, which is the duration from the start of MEP to the baseline crossing point of the last main peak before the terminal; iDur is the terminal inclusion time, which is the duration from the start of MEP to the terminal; Amp is the peak-to-peak value of MEP; Turn is the number of positive and negative deflections of the electromyographic waveform induced after stimulation; Phase is the area under the main peak.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the target time period for induced muscle electrical signals is determined based on time information to improve the accuracy of induced muscle electrical signals. Then, based on the target time period and the preset threshold, a first target electrical signal and a second target electrical signal are determined from the preprocessed induced muscle electrical signals. Then, based on the first target electrical signal and the second target electrical signal, the absolute amplitude difference between the first target electrical signal and the second target electrical signal is calculated to obtain the peak-to-peak value corresponding to the induced muscle electrical signal. Based on the peak-to-peak value, the muscle electrical signal evaluation result is obtained, thereby improving the accuracy of the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for the endogenous paired-association stimulation effect.

[0075] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the stimulation instruction includes i trials. The transcranial magnetic stimulation device performs i transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain of the stimulation object according to the i trials, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The electroencephalogram signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced electroencephalogram signal to obtain an electroencephalogram signal evaluation result, including: preprocessing the received induced electroencephalogram signals from the first to the i-th time to obtain the preprocessed induced electroencephalogram signals from the first to the i-th time, and the preprocessed induced electroencephalogram signals include preprocessed electroencephalogram potential values ​​corresponding to the time information. According to the time information, the preprocessed electroencephalogram potential values ​​from the first to the i-th time are accumulated to obtain the accumulated electroencephalogram potential value. According to the i trials, the accumulated electroencephalogram potential values ​​are averaged to obtain the transcranial magnetic stimulation electroencephalogram signal. Through at least one time window, the target brain electronic signal is extracted from the transcranial magnetic stimulation electroencephalogram signal to obtain at least one transcranial magnetic stimulation peak corresponding to the target brain electronic signal, and the electroencephalogram signal evaluation result is obtained according to the at least one transcranial magnetic stimulation peak.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present invention, preprocessing methods such as downsampling, segmentation and baseline correction, removal and interpolation of TMS pulse artifacts, FastICA (Fast independent Component Analysis) algorithm, SOUND (reliable) algorithm, and 4th-order Butterworth filter are used to preprocess the evoked EEG signals from the first to the i-th time to obtain preprocessed evoked EEG signals from the first to the i-th time.

[0077] The pre-processed EEG potential values ​​from the 1st to the i-th time were averaged to obtain the cumulative EEG potential value. Early peaks with a latency of less than 30 milliseconds, such as N15 and P30, reflect cortical excitatory activity, and late peaks such as P60 and N100 are related to cortical inhibitory activity. In particular, the N100 component is considered to be an important component of inhibitory changes in the motor area. N represents positive potential, P represents negative potential, N15 represents a positive potential generated at 15 milliseconds, and the same is true for the others.

[0078] The TEP peak can be extracted using a time window. Use the time window to identify the components N15 (10ms-20ms), P30 (15ms-35ms), N45 (20ms-60ms), P60 (40ms-80ms), N100 (60ms-140ms), P180 (150ms-240ms), N280 (250ms-310ms), and extract the maximum peak in each time range as the TEP component peak, where the latency of N15 is 10ms to 20ms, and the same applies to the others.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value includes a first transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value corresponding to the first induced brain electronic signal and a second transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value corresponding to the second induced brain electronic signal.

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the transcranial magnetic stimulation device is used to perform multiple trials of transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain within a time period indicated in the stimulation instructions, and the transcranial magnetic stimulation device is used to collect the first induced brain electronic signals or the second induced brain electronic signals generated by the multiple trials of transcranial magnetic stimulation.

[0081] Taking the first induced brain electronic signal as an example, the EEG signal evaluation device is used to preprocess the received first induced brain electronic signals of multiple trials to obtain a preprocessed brain electronic potential value corresponding to the first induced brain electronic signal. According to the time information of the first induced brain electronic signal, the preprocessed brain electronic potential values ​​of multiple trials are accumulated to obtain an accumulated brain electronic potential value. According to multiple trials, the accumulated brain electronic potential values ​​are averaged to obtain a first transcranial magnetic stimulation brain electronic signal. Through at least one time window, the first target brain electronic signal is extracted from the first transcranial magnetic stimulation brain electronic signal to obtain a first transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value.

[0082] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the EEG signal evaluation device is used to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result based on at least one transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value, including: comparing the first transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value with the second transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value to obtain transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value change information. Drawing a topological map based on the transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value change information. Based on the drawn topological map, obtaining an excitability change evaluation result corresponding to the brain, the EEG signal evaluation result including an excitability change evaluation result.

[0083] For example, the first transcranial magnetic stimulation peak can be the peak of the evoked EEG signal without endogenous paired associative stimulation training; the second transcranial magnetic stimulation peak can be the peak of the evoked EEG signal after endogenous paired associative stimulation training. The changes in TEP peak values ​​before and after the start-up are statistically analyzed, and a topological map is drawn to analyze the changes in the excitability of the cerebral cortex, thereby obtaining an evaluation result of the excitability changes corresponding to the brain.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an electroencephalogram signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced electroencephalogram signal to obtain an electroencephalogram signal evaluation result, and also includes: determining a target channel from an electroencephalogram acquisition channel, and the target channel includes at least one target sub-channel. According to the number of target sub-channels and the target induced electroencephalogram signal of each target sub-channel in i trials in a preset time window, the local mean field power is obtained. According to the local mean field power, an evaluation result of the excitement state of the right cortex of the brain is obtained, and the electroencephalogram signal evaluation result also includes an evaluation result of the excitement state of the right cortex of the brain. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the local mean field power (LMFP) is calculated as a region of interest, that is, the motor cortex is stimulated, and the target sub-channel can be five channels around the right motor cortex: C2, C4, FC2, FC4, Cz. In order to minimize the impact of artifacts that may occur during stimulation, the following formula is used to calculate LMFP in each time window.

[0085]

[0086] Where t is the time, K is the number of channels, v i is the amplitude in channel i averaged over all trials, and v mean is the average amplitude in the channel of interest.

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the EEG signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced EEG signal to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result, and also includes: according to the number of sub-channels and the induced brain electronic signal of each sub-channel in i trials in a preset time window, the average amplitude of the induced EEG signal is calculated, the EEG acquisition channel includes at least one sub-channel, and the induced EEG signal includes at least one induced brain electronic signal. According to the amplitude corresponding to the induced brain electronic signal, the average amplitude and the number of sub-channels, the global mean field power is obtained. According to the global mean field power, the evaluation result of the excitement state of the cerebral cortex is obtained, and the EEG signal evaluation result also includes the evaluation result of the excitability state of the cerebral cortex.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present invention, Local Mean Field Power (LMFP) and Global Mean Field Power (GMFP) are used as TMS-EEG indicators. The GMFP is calculated in each time window using the following formula.

[0089]

[0090] Where t is the time, M is the number of channels, M is greater than or equal to K, W j is the channel averaged over all trialsj The amplitude of w mean is the average amplitude among all channels.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, two time windows are set, the first time window ranges from 15 to 30 ms, representing the sum of low amplitude and "early response", and the second time window ranges from 30 to 300 ms, representing the sum of high amplitude and "late response". If the LMFP and GMFP amplitudes in the first time window increase after activation, and the LMFP and GMFP amplitudes in the second time window decrease, the cerebral cortex is excited.

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present invention, by comparing and analyzing TMS-induced EEG and induced muscle electrical parameters before and after endogenous paired associative stimulation training and before and after endogenous paired associative stimulation training, it can be confirmed that endogenous precise time paired associative stimulation training is an effective training method.

[0093] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a motor training method based on endogenous precise time-paired associative stimulation of motor imagery realizes motor intention and highly time-synchronized activation of peripheral nerves, which can truly promote the overall training of motor pathways from the terminal to the cerebral cortex. Innovative use of TMS to evaluate changes in excitation of the brain's motor cortex and muscle activation pathways. EEG has the characteristics of high temporal resolution, ease of use and low cost, and TMS-EEG can intuitively measure changes in cortical excitability induced by activation, overcoming the defects of traditional behavioral tests or motor scales that are time-consuming and low in sensitivity. MEP can intuitively measure changes in motor pathways, providing reliable evaluation technology support for motor training methods.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the evaluation result of the excitement state of the right side of the brain cortex is obtained according to the local mean field power; the evaluation result of the excitement state of the cerebral cortex is obtained according to the global mean field power, and then combined with the evaluation result of the muscle electrical signal obtained according to the peak-to-peak value, the evaluation result of the motor pathway from the muscle to the cerebral cortex is achieved.

[0095] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations and / or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All of these combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0096] The embodiments of the present invention are described above. However, these embodiments are only for the purpose of illustration, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although each embodiment is described above, it does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be used in combination. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system for endogenous paired-associative stimulation effects, characterized in that: The system comprises: A transcranial magnetic stimulation device, comprising a transcranial magnetic stimulation channel and an electroencephalogram (EEG) acquisition channel, wherein the transcranial magnetic stimulation device is placed in the brain of a stimulation subject, and is used to output a magnetic signal of a strength corresponding to the stimulation instruction through the transcranial magnetic stimulation channel according to the stimulation instruction when the transcranial magnetic stimulation device receives a stimulation instruction, so as to perform transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain of the stimulation subject; the EEG acquisition channel is used to acquire induced EEG signals generated by the brain under transcranial magnetic stimulation, wherein the induced EEG signals include a first induced brain electronic signal and a second induced brain electronic signal, wherein the first induced brain electronic signal is an induced EEG signal generated by the stimulation subject without The second induced brain electronic signal is obtained by stimulation by an endogenous paired associative stimulation method, wherein the endogenous paired associative stimulation method is based on the latency of the maximum point in the EEG negative variation wave induced by the motor imagery paradigm, and the latency of the maximum point in the EEG negative variation wave is used as the starting time point of brain activity, and the latency of the maximum point in the EEG negative variation wave is matched with the latency of the positive potential generated in 20 milliseconds in the somatosensory evoked potential induced by median nerve electrical stimulation, and the induced EEG signal is sent to an EEG signal evaluation device; A muscle electrical signal acquisition device, used for acquiring the induced muscle electrical signals generated by the brain receiving transcranial magnetic stimulation, and sending the induced muscle electrical signals to a muscle electrical signal evaluation device; The muscle electrical signal evaluation device is electrically connected to the muscle electrical signal acquisition device; and is used to process the received induced muscle electrical signal to obtain a muscle electrical signal evaluation result; The EEG signal evaluation device is electrically connected to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device and is used to process the received induced EEG signal to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result; Wherein, the transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system is used to obtain the evaluation result of the motor pathway from muscle to cerebral cortex according to the muscle electrical signal evaluation result and the EEG signal evaluation result.

2. The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: A parameter setting device is electrically connected to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device, and is used to set the intensity of the transcranial magnetic stimulation and the time information of the transcranial magnetic stimulation; the parameter setting device is used to generate the stimulation instruction according to the preset intensity of the transcranial magnetic stimulation and the time information of the transcranial magnetic stimulation, and send the stimulation instruction to the transcranial magnetic stimulation device.

3. The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stimulation instruction includes i trials; the transcranial magnetic stimulation device performs i transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain of the stimulation object according to the i trials, where i is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The EEG signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced EEG signal to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result, including: Preprocessing the received induced EEG signals from the first time to the i-th time to obtain the preprocessed induced EEG signals from the first time to the i-th time, wherein the preprocessed induced EEG signals include preprocessed EEG potential values ​​corresponding to the time information; Accumulating the preprocessed EEG potential values ​​from the first time to the i-th time according to the time information to obtain an accumulated EEG potential value; According to the i trials, the accumulated EEG potential values ​​are averaged to obtain a transcranial magnetic stimulation EEG signal; Extracting a target brain electronic signal from the transcranial magnetic stimulation electroencephalogram signal through at least one time window to obtain at least one transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value corresponding to the target brain electronic signal; An electroencephalogram signal evaluation result is obtained based on at least one of the transcranial magnetic stimulation peaks.

4. The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value includes a first transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value corresponding to the first induced brain electronic signal and a second transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value corresponding to the second induced brain electronic signal.

5. The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The EEG signal evaluation device is used to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result according to at least one of the transcranial magnetic stimulation peaks, including: Comparing the first transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value with the second transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value to obtain transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value change information; Drawing a topological map according to the transcranial magnetic stimulation peak value change information; According to the drawn topological map, an excitability change evaluation result corresponding to the brain is obtained, and the electroencephalogram signal evaluation result includes the excitability change evaluation result.

6. The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The EEG signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced EEG signal to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result, and further includes: According to the number of sub-channels and the evoked brain electrical signal of each sub-channel in the i trials in the preset time window, the average amplitude of the evoked brain electrical signal is calculated, the brain electrical acquisition channel includes at least one of the sub-channels, and the evoked brain electrical signal includes at least one of the evoked brain electrical signal; Obtaining a global mean field power according to the amplitude corresponding to the evoked brain electronic signal, the average amplitude and the number of the sub-channels; According to the global mean field power, a result of evaluating the excitement state of the cerebral cortex is obtained, and the result of evaluating the electroencephalogram signal also includes a result of evaluating the excitability state of the cerebral cortex.

7. The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The EEG signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced EEG signal to obtain an EEG signal evaluation result, and further includes: Determine a target channel from the EEG acquisition channels, wherein the target channel includes at least one target sub-channel; Obtaining a local mean field power according to the number of the target subchannels and the target evoked brain electronic signal of each of the target subchannels in the i trials in the preset time window; According to the local mean field power, an evaluation result of the excitement state of the right side of the brain cortex is obtained, and the electroencephalogram signal evaluation result also includes an evaluation result of the excitement state of the right side of the brain cortex.

8. The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The muscle electrical signal acquisition device includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a ground electrode, the positive electrode is placed on the target muscle of the stimulation object; the negative electrode is placed on the Hegu point of the stimulation object; the ground electrode is placed in the middle position of the forearm of the stimulation object, and the induced muscle electrical signal includes a first induced muscle electrical signal and a second induced muscle electrical signal corresponding to the first induced brain electronic signal and the second induced brain electronic signal respectively.

9. The transcranial magnetic stimulation evaluation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The muscle electric signal evaluation device is used to process the received induced muscle electric signal to obtain a muscle electric signal evaluation result, including: Preprocessing the received induced muscle electrical signal to obtain a preprocessed induced muscle electrical signal; Determining the target time period for induced muscle electrical signals according to the time information; Determining a first target electrical signal and a second target electrical signal from the preprocessed induced muscle electrical signal according to the target time period and a preset threshold; Calculating the absolute amplitude difference between the first target electrical signal and the second target electrical signal according to the first target electrical signal and the second target electrical signal to obtain a peak-to-peak value corresponding to the induced muscle electrical signal; The muscle electrical signal evaluation result is obtained according to the peak-to-peak value.

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