An ecological ditch system for improving the treatment of non-point source pollution in receiving water bodies

Abstract

This invention discloses an ecological ditch system for improving the treatment of non-point source pollution in receiving water bodies. The system includes a housing with an inlet and a filter box located below the inlet. A main shaft is rotatably connected inside the housing, and a support base is fixedly connected to the main shaft. The support base has several grooves, within which splined sleeves are movably mounted. A splined shaft is slidably connected within the splined sleeves, and the splined shaft is fixedly connected to the filter box and rotatably connected to the support base. This device removes some pollutants through multi-stage filtration and the metabolic activity of plant roots, achieving high purification efficiency and effectively managing non-point source pollution in water bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, specifically to an ecological ditch system for improving the treatment of non-point source pollution in receiving water bodies. Background Technology

[0002] Receiving water bodies refer to rivers, lakes, oceans, or other water bodies that receive discharged or treated wastewater. Pollution sources are mainly divided into point source pollution and non-point source pollution. Unlike point source pollution, which originates from stationary sources such as factories and sewage treatment plants, non-point source pollution originates from dispersed sources. Among these, agricultural non-point source pollution is the most widespread and poses the greatest threat to the aquatic environment. Agricultural non-point source pollution typically refers to the pollution of surface water and groundwater caused by the rapid infiltration of sediment, interflow, pesticides, and other pollutants from farmland into water bodies during irrigation or rainfall during agricultural production activities.

[0003] Agricultural non-point source pollution is a complex process influenced by numerous factors, including soil, topography, precipitation, land cover, and human activities. Its characteristics include wide distribution, numerous influencing factors, high randomness, complex formation mechanisms, and strong latency. Agricultural non-point source pollution urgently needs to be addressed; however, past treatment methods have largely adopted models from urban sewage or water conservancy projects. These methods often fail to effectively filter and treat water bodies in a timely manner, resulting in low overall utilization rates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, an ecological ditch system and its usage method for improving the treatment of non-point source pollution in receiving water bodies are provided.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] This invention proposes an ecological ditch system for improving the treatment of non-point source pollution in receiving water bodies, comprising a box body, the box body including a water inlet, a filter box disposed below the water inlet, a main shaft rotatably connected inside the box body, and a support base fixedly connected to the main shaft; the support base has a plurality of grooves, a spline sleeve movably disposed in the grooves, a spline shaft slidably connected inside the spline sleeve, the spline shaft being fixedly connected to the filter box, and the spline shaft being rotatably connected to the support base.

[0007] Preferably, a sliding groove is formed in the groove, the sliding groove including a horizontal groove and an inclined groove, the horizontal groove and the inclined groove are connected, and a guide rod is fixedly connected to the spline sleeve, the guide rod being slidably disposed in the sliding groove.

[0008] Preferably, the support base is slidably connected to a slide rod that slides along the length of the spline shaft, and the slide rod and the spline sleeve are rotatably connected.

[0009] Preferably, the housing is fixedly connected to a fixing plate, and the fixing plate has a V-shaped groove with openings at both ends, through which the sliding rod can slide into the V-shaped groove.

[0010] Preferably, the spindle is fixedly fitted with a turntable, the housing is fixedly connected with a fixing ring, and the turntable is located inside the fixing ring; the fixing ring has a slot, and the turntable is slidably connected with a pawl that can slide into the slot, and the pawl is connected to the turntable through a first spring.

[0011] Preferably, the housing is rotatably connected to a first pulley, the first pulley is fixedly connected to an unlocking block, the unlocking block can push the pawl to move away from the slot, and the first pulley is connected to the turntable through a tension spring.

[0012] Preferably, the housing is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a second pulley via a one-way bearing. Synchronous belts are fitted onto the first pulley and the second pulley.

[0013] Preferably, the housing is also slidably connected to a vertically sliding lead screw, the lead screw is connected to the rotating shaft via a second spring, and the lead screw is fitted with a lead screw nut, the outer ring of the lead screw nut being fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the housing is also slidably connected to a vertically sliding locking block, the locking block being connected to the housing via a third spring, and the second pulley being fixedly connected to a ratchet that cooperates with the locking block; a receiving plate for receiving waste is slidably connected inside the filter box, the receiving plate being able to drive the lead screw to descend, and the receiving plate being connected to the filter box via a fourth spring.

[0015] Preferably, it includes a sedimentation tank, which is located on one side of the filter tank, and the sedimentation tank is sequentially connected to a screening tank, an acid-base neutralization module, and a biological purification module.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. This application features multi-stage filtration. Larger impurities in the water can be filtered through the filter box, followed by further filtration through a sedimentation tank, sieve analysis, acid-base neutralization module, and biological purification module. The sedimentation zone regulates the water volume and settles particulate matter such as silt, ensuring a stable water volume for subsequent treatment zones. Some pollutants are removed through the metabolic action of plant roots, resulting in high purification efficiency and effective comprehensive treatment of water surface pollution sources.

[0018] 2. This application includes a filter box. When the receiving plate in the filter box collects a large amount of waste, the receiving plate descends, which drives the support base to rotate. The support base then drives the filter box to rotate, positioning the new filter box below the inlet. Simultaneously, the sliding rod slides within the V-groove, driving the spline sleeve to move outward. The guide rod slides within the inclined groove, causing the spline sleeve to rotate. The spline sleeve drives the spline shaft to rotate, allowing the filter box to rotate at a suitable angle. This allows the waste inside the filter box to be poured into the collection box, facilitating subsequent waste disposal and preventing excessive waste accumulation in the filter box, which could affect the filtration effect.

[0019] 3. This application is equipped with a turntable. When the first pulley rotates, it can drive the unlocking block to move. The unlocking block can move the pawl out of the slot. At this time, under the action of the tension spring, the turntable can be pulled to move, so that the turntable rotates exactly 90°. The pawl is engaged in the next slot, so that the new filter box can rotate exactly below the water inlet, realizing the precise positioning of the filter box rotation. The tension spring method can make the next filter box move quickly below the water inlet, which is convenient for receiving water flow.

[0020] 4. This application is equipped with a lead screw, and the receiving plate can drive the lead screw to descend. The lead screw can drive the lead screw nut to rotate, and the lead screw nut can drive the second pulley to rotate. Only when the garbage accumulates to a certain extent will the second pulley be driven to rotate at a sufficient angle, thereby driving the first pulley to rotate at a sufficient angle, so that the pawl will move out of the slot. This can realize the automatic replacement and automatic dumping of the filter box after the garbage receiving box is full, which can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of water filtration. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is the overall front view of the invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the middle filter box structure;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the K-section structure;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Top view of the middle fixed ring section structure;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Top view of the middle filter box structure;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Side view of the middle filter box structure;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Top view of the fixed plate structure;

[0029] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Unfolded diagram of the groove structure of the central support base;

[0030] Figure 9 yes Figure 2 Top view of the first pulley structure;

[0031] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Sectional view of the AA section structure;

[0032] Figure 11 This is the overall flowchart of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Housing; 11. Lead screw; 12. Bearing plate; 13. Filter box; 14. Fixing plate; 15. Splined shaft; 16. Splined sleeve; 17. Guide rod; 18. Support seat; 19. Turntable; 50. Fixing ring; 51. Pawl; 52. Unlocking block; 53. First pulley; 54. Tension spring; 55. One-way bearing; 56. Lead nut; 57. Rotating shaft; 58. Guide rod; 59. Locking block; 60. Second pulley; 61. Collection box; 62. Slide rod; 63. V-groove; 64. Main shaft; 65. Inclined trough; 66. Horizontal trough; 21. Sedimentation box; 22. Screening box; 3. Acid-base neutralization module; 4. Biological purification module; 41. Floating box; 42. Hanging plate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] like Figures 1-11 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes an ecological ditch system for improving the treatment of non-point source pollution in receiving water bodies. It includes a box 1, which has an inlet and a filter box 13 below the inlet. The filter box 13 can perform preliminary filtration of the water body, filtering out larger impurities in the water body for subsequent treatment. One side of the filter box 13 is a filter screen to facilitate water flow.

[0037] A main shaft 64 is rotatably connected inside the housing 1. A support base 18 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 64. The support base 18 has several grooves. A spline sleeve 16 is movably arranged in the grooves. A spline shaft 15 is slidably connected inside the spline sleeve 16. The spline shaft 15 is fixedly connected to the filter box 13. The spline shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the support base 18.

[0038] The number of grooves is matched with the number of filter boxes 13. There are four filter boxes 13 in total. The main shaft 64 can drive the support base 18 to rotate, so that the new filter box 13 can be rotated to the bottom of the water inlet to collect water and filter the water. A collection box 61 is also provided on one side of the filter box 13.

[0039] The spline shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the groove, and the spline shaft 15 can only rotate. When the spline shaft 15 rotates, it can drive the filter box 13 to rotate, causing the filter box 13 to rotate downward, thereby realizing the dumping of garbage in the filter box 13, which is convenient for the new round of filtration.

[0040] A sliding groove is provided in the groove, which includes a horizontal groove 66 and an inclined groove 65. The horizontal groove 66 and the inclined groove 65 are connected. A guide rod 17 is fixedly connected to the spline sleeve 16. The guide rod 17 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove. In the initial state, the guide rod 17 is located in the horizontal groove 66.

[0041] The spline sleeve 16 is also fitted with a fifth spring. One end of the fifth spring is connected to the spline sleeve 16, and the other end of the fifth spring is connected to the support seat 18. The fifth spring is used for the reset of the spline sleeve 16. In the initial state, under the action of the fifth spring, the guide rod 17 can be located in the horizontal groove 66, so that the filter box 13 can be in a horizontal state.

[0042] The support base 18 is slidably connected to a slide rod 62 that slides along the length of the spline shaft 15. The slide rod 62 is rotatably connected to the spline sleeve 16. The slide rod 62 can only slide along the length of the spline shaft 15. When the slide rod 62 slides, it can drive the spline sleeve 16 to slide. When the spline sleeve 16 rotates, it can rotate relative to the slide rod 62.

[0043] The housing 1 is fixedly connected to a fixing plate 14. The fixing plate 14 has a V-shaped groove 63 with openings at both ends. The slide rod 63 can slide into the V-shaped groove 63 through the opening. The fifth spring facilitates the reset of the spline sleeve 16, thereby facilitating the slide rod 63 to slide into the V-shaped groove 63.

[0044] When the slide rod 63 slides within the V-groove 63, it drives the slide rod 62 to move away from the support base 18, thereby moving the spline sleeve 16 and allowing the guide tube 17 to slide within the groove. When the guide rod 17 slides within the inclined groove 65, since the support base 18 does not rotate, the spline sleeve 18 can rotate, and the inclined groove 65 allows the spline sleeve 180 to rotate 90°-180°, thus facilitating the dumping of waste.

[0045] The spindle 64 is fixedly fitted with a turntable 19, and the housing 1 is fixedly connected with a fixing ring 50. The turntable 19 is located inside the fixing ring 50. The fixing ring 50 has a slot, and the turntable 19 is slidably connected with a pawl 51 that can slide into the slot. The pawl 51 is connected to the turntable 19 through a first spring.

[0046] The housing 1 is rotatably connected to a first pulley 53, and the first pulley 53 is fixedly connected to an unlocking block 52. The upper surface of the unlocking block 52 is provided with an inclined surface, which facilitates the sliding of the pawl 51. The unlocking block 52 can push the pawl 51 to move away from the slot. The first pulley 53 is connected to the turntable 19 through a tension spring 54.

[0047] In the initial state, under the action of the first spring, the pawl 51 can slide into the slot. When the first pulley 53 rotates counterclockwise, since the turntable 19 cannot rotate counterclockwise, the tension spring 54 is stretched. When the unlocking block 52 drives the pawl 51 to move out of the slot, under the action of the tension spring 54, since the turntable 19 can only rotate counterclockwise, it will pull the turntable 19 to rotate 90° counterclockwise, so that the pawl 51 can be locked into the next slot. This allows the new filter box 13 to rotate precisely below the inlet, achieving precise positioning of the filter box 13. Using the tension spring 54, the next filter box 13 can be quickly moved below the inlet for easy water flow reception.

[0048] The housing 1 is rotatably connected to a shaft 57, which is rotatably connected to a second pulley 60 via a one-way bearing 55. A synchronous belt is fitted onto the first pulley 53 and the second pulley 60. When the second pulley 60 rotates, it can drive the first pulley 53 to rotate via the synchronous belt.

[0049] A one-way bearing 55 is a type of bearing that can rotate freely in one direction but is locked in the other. Inside the metal housing of a one-way bearing are many rollers, needle rollers, or balls, and the shape of its rolling seat (cavity) allows it to roll in only one direction, while generating significant resistance in the other direction (hence the term "one-way").

[0050] The housing 1 is also slidably connected to a vertically sliding lead screw 11. The lead screw 11 is connected to a rotating shaft 57 via a second spring. The lead screw 11 is fitted with a lead screw nut 56. The outer ring of the lead screw nut 56 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 57. The upper end of the second spring is connected to the lead screw 11, and the lower end of the second spring is connected to the rotating shaft 57. The lead screw 11 can only slide in the vertical direction and will not rotate.

[0051] The housing 1 is also slidably connected to a vertically sliding block 59. The block 59 is connected to the housing 1 via a third spring, and the second pulley 60 is fixedly connected to a ratchet that cooperates with the block 59.

[0052] The locking block 59, in conjunction with the ratchet, allows the second pulley 60 to rotate only in one direction. Through the timing belt, the first pulley 53 can rotate only in one direction, specifically counterclockwise. Clockwise rotation will be locked by the locking block 59 and cannot be achieved.

[0053] Inside the filter box 13, there is a sliding receiving plate 12 for receiving waste. The receiving plate 12 can drive the lead screw 11 to descend. The receiving plate 13 is connected to the filter box 13 through a fourth spring.

[0054] The receiving plate 13 can be a solid plate. The filter holes of the filter box 13 are opened on the left side wall of the filter box 13. Therefore, the receiving plate 13 can have a good receiving effect on the garbage. As the amount of garbage increases, the receiving plate 13 can be driven to descend. The receiving plate 12 can drive the screw 11 to descend.

[0055] When the lead screw 11 descends, it can drive the lead screw nut 56 to rotate, and the lead screw nut 56 can drive the rotating shaft 57 to rotate. At this time, the one-way bearing 55 is in a locked state. Therefore, the rotation of the rotating shaft 57 can drive the second pulley 60 to rotate, and then drive the first pulley 53 to rotate through the synchronous belt.

[0056] When the lead screw 11 rises under the action of the spring, the lead screw nut 56 reverses. Due to the limiting of the locking block 59, the second pulley 60 cannot rotate in the opposite direction. Therefore, under the action of the one-way bearing 55, the rotating shaft 57 and the second pulley 60 rotate relative to each other, and the second pulley 60 does not rotate.

[0057] It includes a sedimentation tank 21, which is located on one side of the filter box 13. The sedimentation tank 21 can be used to receive water that has been initially filtered by the filter box 13. The sedimentation tank 21 is connected in sequence to a screening box 22, an acid-base neutralization module 3, and a biological purification module 4. The biological purification module 4 includes a float box 41, which is located in the water. The float box 41 is connected to a hanging plate 42 by a pull rope. The hanging plate 42 can be used to place plants.

[0058] The sedimentation tank 21 intercepts particulate matter in orchard runoff, while the filter box 13 provides preliminary filtration, reducing the load on the sedimentation tank 21 and preventing larger particles from clogging its pores. The sedimentation tank 21 regulates water flow and settles sediment and other particulate matter, ensuring a stable water supply for subsequent treatment areas.

[0059] The biological purification module 4 is planted with aquatic plants to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater. It ecologically transforms the original soil ditches and ponds by planting highly efficient nitrogen and phosphorus-absorbing aquatic plants on the ditch walls to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the drainage and intercept and settle sediment.

[0060] The biological purification module 4 has a plant ecological floating bed set up in the floating box 41 to absorb and utilize the nutrients in the catchment water. The floating bed plants include water celery and water spinach, which have certain economic value while absorbing and utilizing the nutrients in the catchment water.

[0061] The bottom surface of the biological purification module 4 can be planted with plants that efficiently accumulate nitrogen and phosphorus, such as bermudagrass or ryegrass, to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus, and residual pesticides in the water, thereby improving and purifying the water quality. It can also utilize the slope ratio in the ditch to extend the residence time and promote the sedimentation of particulate matter carried by the flowing water.

[0062] The acid-base neutralization module 3 can be filled with any type of crop straw, such as wheat, corn, oilseeds, or cotton. By reasonably controlling the acidification reaction time, the large organic molecules after ring opening and bond breaking are acidified into soluble small molecules, thereby improving biodegradability and laying a good foundation for the next stage of treatment. The use of crop straw in the acid-base neutralization module 3 is to enrich and increase the number of acidifying microorganisms and promote the acidification biological reaction.

[0063] After the above steps of treatment, farmland tailwater or farmland runoff can be reused for farmland irrigation after meeting the "Standards for Irrigation Water Quality" GB5084-2005, or it can be used for aquaculture after disinfection.

[0064] A method for using an ecological ditch system to improve the treatment of non-point source pollution in receiving water bodies, comprising the following steps:

[0065] S1: Water enters the filter box 13 through the inlet. Under the action of the filter box 13, the water is initially filtered. Then, it passes through the screening box 22, the acid-base neutralization module 3, and the biological purification module 4 to achieve water purification.

[0066] S2: As the amount of garbage on the receiving plate 12 increases, the garbage causes the receiving plate 12 to descend, the receiving plate 12 causes the lead screw 11 to descend, the lead screw 11 causes the lead screw nut 56 to rotate, the lead screw nut 56 causes the main shaft 57 to rotate, the main shaft 57 drives the second pulley 60 to rotate through the one-way bearing 55, and the second pulley 60 drives the first pulley 53 to rotate through the synchronous belt. During this process, the tension spring 54 is stretched.

[0067] S3: As the first pulley 53 rotates, when the unlocking block 52 rotates to the side of the pawl 51, the unlocking block 52 drives the pawl 51 to move out of the slot. Under the action of the tension spring 54, the turntable 19 rotates, causing the pawl 51 to re-enter the next slot. The turntable 19 drives the main shaft 64 to rotate, the main shaft 64 drives the rotating seat 18 to rotate, and the rotating seat 18 drives the filter box 13 to rotate, causing the new filter box 13 to rotate below the inlet.

[0068] During the rotation of the rotating seat 18, the slide rod 62 slides into the V-groove 63. Under the action of the V-groove 63, the slide rod 62 and the spline sleeve 16 are driven to move away from the rotating seat 18. The guide rod 17 slides in the inclined groove 65, thereby driving the spline sleeve 16 to rotate. The spline sleeve 16 drives the spline shaft 15 to rotate, and the spline shaft 15 drives the filter box 13 to rotate, causing the garbage in the filter box 13 to be dumped.

[0069] S4: After the garbage dumping is completed, under the action of the second spring, the lead screw 11 moves upward, causing the lead screw nut 56 to reverse. At this time, the rotating shaft 57 rotates relative to the second pulley 60, and the second pulley 60 does not rotate under the action of the locking block 59.

[0070] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ecological ditch system for improving the treatment of non-point source pollution in receiving water bodies, comprising a box body (1), characterized in that, The housing (1) includes a water inlet, and a filter box (13) is provided below the water inlet. A main shaft (64) is rotatably connected inside the housing (1), and a support base (18) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (64). The support base (18) has several grooves, and a spline sleeve (16) is movably arranged in the grooves. A spline shaft (15) is slidably connected inside the spline sleeve (16). The spline shaft (15) is fixedly connected to the filter box (13), and the spline shaft (15) is rotatably connected to the support base (18). The groove is provided with a sliding groove, which includes a horizontal groove (66) and an inclined groove (65). The horizontal groove (66) and the inclined groove (65) are connected. The spline sleeve (16) is fixedly connected with a guide rod (17), which is slidably disposed in the sliding groove. The support base (18) is slidably connected to a slide rod (62) that slides along the length of the spline shaft (15), and the slide rod (62) and the spline sleeve (16) are rotatably connected. The housing (1) is fixedly connected to a fixing plate (14), and the fixing plate (14) has a V-shaped groove (63) with openings at both ends. The sliding rod (62) can slide into the V-shaped groove (63) through the opening. The spindle (64) is fixedly fitted with a turntable (19), and the housing (1) is fixedly connected with a fixing ring (50). The turntable (19) is located inside the fixing ring (50). The fixing ring (50) has a slot, and the turntable (19) is slidably connected with a pawl (51) that can slide into the slot. The pawl (51) is connected to the turntable (19) through a first spring. The housing (1) is rotatably connected to a first pulley (53), and the first pulley (53) is fixedly connected to an unlocking block (52). The unlocking block (52) can push the pawl (51) to move away from the slot. The first pulley (53) is connected to the turntable (19) through a tension spring (54). The housing (1) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (57), and the rotating shaft (57) is rotatably connected to a second pulley (60) via a one-way bearing (55). Synchronous belts are fitted on the first pulley (53) and the second pulley (60). The housing (1) is also slidably connected to a vertically sliding lead screw (11). The lead screw (11) is connected to the rotating shaft (57) through a second spring. The lead screw (11) is fitted with a lead screw nut (56). The outer ring of the lead screw nut (56) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (57). The box (1) is also slidably connected to a vertically sliding locking block (59). The locking block (59) is connected to the box (1) via a third spring. The second pulley (60) is fixedly connected to a ratchet that cooperates with the locking block (59). The filter box (13) is slidably connected to a receiving plate (12) for receiving garbage. The receiving plate (12) can drive the lead screw (11) to descend. The receiving plate (12) is connected to the filter box (13) via a fourth spring.

2. The ecological ditch system for improving the treatment of non-point source pollution in receiving water bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a sedimentation tank (21), which is located on one side of the filter box (13). The sedimentation tank (21) is connected in sequence to a screening box (22), an acid-base neutralization module (3), and a biological purification module (4).

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