A device and method for repairing a segment crack of a shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The application provides a device and method for repairing cracks on a shield segment, and belongs to the technical field of shield segment repair. The device is used for repairing cracks on a shield segment during shield construction in combination with the method. The device comprises side edge frames, passive connecting frames, active connecting frames and a repair platform. The top of each side edge frame is arc-shaped. The active connecting frames are slidingly connected to the arc-shaped portions of the two side edge frames, and can change the distance between the two side edge frames by stretching and retracting, and can change the position on the side edge frames by sliding. The passive connecting frames are connected to the middle portions of the two side edge frames to play a guiding role. A multidirectional drilling mechanism is arranged on the repair platform in the middle portion of the active connecting frame, and can drill in the longitudinal direction of the cracks in the segment. The device in combination with the method can repair the cracks on the segment to a high quality without affecting the advancement of the shield machine and without disassembling the segment, and greatly improves the repair quality, shortens the cycle and reduces the cost of the segment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel segment repair technology, and in particular relates to a device and method for repairing cracks in tunnel segments of tunnel boring machines. Background Technology

[0002] Subway tunnel construction typically employs the shield tunneling method. As the tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavates, concrete segments are immediately used to line and reinforce the excavated tunnel. Due to construction issues or specific geological conditions, the tunnel segments may suffer varying degrees of external force damage, leading to cracks. These cracks weaken the segments and can further propagate, causing segment misalignment and preventing effective bonding between segments. In severe cases, the segments may even shatter, significantly impacting the construction process.

[0003] In existing technologies, crack repair often requires suspending the tunnel boring machine's advance, removing the original damaged segments, and laying new segments, which leads to delays, increased costs, and increased construction risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments of a tunnel boring machine (TBM). This invention addresses the problem that, in the prior art, when cracks form in the tunnel lining segments during TBM excavation, traditional repair methods require suspending the TBM's advance, dismantling and repaving the segments, leading to delays and increased costs.

[0005] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides an apparatus and method for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments of a tunnel boring machine.

[0006] One of the devices is for repairing cracks in tunnel boring machine segments, used to repair cracks on tunnel boring machine segments during tunnel boring construction, comprising:

[0007] Side frame, passive connector, active connector, and repair platform;

[0008] The side frame is provided with rollers at the bottom and arc-shaped at the top. The two side frames are arranged opposite each other. The active connecting frame is slidably connected to the arc-shaped part of the two side frames and can extend and retract to change the distance between the two side frames. The passive connecting frame is connected to the middle of the two side frames and plays a guiding role.

[0009] The repair platform is located in the middle of the active connecting frame. The repair platform is equipped with a multi-directional drilling mechanism, which can drill along the longitudinal direction of the crack within the segment.

[0010] Optionally, the active connecting frame includes a sliding seat and a telescopic cylinder. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the arc-shaped portion of the side frame. The output shaft of the telescopic cylinder's output end is connected to the sliding seat. The other end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the sliding seat on the other side via a structural component.

[0011] Optionally, the active connecting frame consists of three sets, one set of which is located at the top of the arc of the side frame and is fixed in position, while the other two sets are located on both sides respectively.

[0012] Optionally, the position of the active connecting frame on the side frame is controlled by a winding machine and a cable. The winding machine is fixedly mounted on the passive connecting frame. One end of the cable is connected to the middle of the active connecting frame located on the side, and the other end passes around the active connecting frame located in the middle and is then fixedly connected downward to the winding reel of the winding machine.

[0013] Optionally, the repair platform includes a base strut, a pitch axis, a rotation axis, a probe arm, and a drilling rig;

[0014] One end of the base support rod is fixedly connected to the active connecting frame. The pitch axis is rotatably connected to the other end of the base support rod and its axis is perpendicular to the ground, and it performs pitch movement. The rotation axis is rotatably connected to the other end of the pitch axis and their axes coincide and they rotate coaxially. The middle part of the detection arm is fixedly connected to the end of the rotation axis. The axis of the detection arm is along the direction of the shield tunnel's advance.

[0015] The drilling rig is located in the middle of the probe arm and faces the tunnel segment. The drilling rig has a screw and nut mechanism inside, and the drill rod is a screw that extends into the crack under the action of the nut.

[0016] The detection arm is provided with detection rods on both sides, and the detection rods are telescopically connected to the detection arm with controllable telescopic range.

[0017] Optionally, the probe rod is equipped with a contact detector, which triggers an electrical signal when it contacts the tube segment during the extension of the probe rod.

[0018] Optionally, the extension amount of the probe rod is controlled by a lead screw and nut mechanism, wherein the probe rod is a lead screw.

[0019] Optionally, the side frame is provided with a plurality of locking holes at intervals on its arc shape, and the active connecting frame is also provided with holes at the sliding connection point with the side frame, and can be aligned with different locking holes during sliding. The sliding position can be fixed by inserting a locking pin.

[0020] Optionally, the passive connecting frame includes a passive structural plate and a sliding plate. One end of each of the two passive structural plates is fixedly connected to the side frame. The sliding plate slides in cooperation with the two passive structural plates. A vertical synchronous support structure is also provided between the sliding plate and the active connecting frame.

[0021] One method for repairing cracks in tunnel boring machine segments, employing the device for repairing cracks in tunnel boring machine segments as described above, includes the following steps:

[0022] Segment survey: Investigate the crack defects in the tunnel segments, including crack width, direction, and depth;

[0023] Based on the crack defect conditions, the parameters of the grouting nozzle holes are designed, including distribution, depth, and angle.

[0024] During drilling operations, the device for repairing cracks in the tunnel lining segments of the tunnel boring machine was brought to the site, and the repair platform drilled multiple grouting nozzle holes in the cracks according to the design plan.

[0025] Grouting nozzle installation: Insert the grouting nozzle into the grouting nozzle hole and secure it firmly;

[0026] The crack surface is sealed, and sealing mortar is applied to the crack area outside the grouting nozzle.

[0027] Repair work involves injecting grouting material through the grouting nozzle to seal and repair the cracks;

[0028] After the grouting is completed, the newly injected grout should be cured and allowed to harden.

[0029] Clean the surface, remove the grouting nozzle, smooth and seal the grouting nozzle hole with fast-curing adhesive, and apply another layer of polymer cement slurry to the surface of each crack.

[0030] As described above, the apparatus and method for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments according to the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0031] This device improves the efficiency and quality of tunnel segment repair, reduces the intensity of manual labor, eliminates the need for the tunnel boring machine (TBM) to stop advancing during the repair process, and significantly reduces the time and cost required for repair, resulting in better quality repaired segments. Specifically, this device includes side frames, a passive connecting frame, an active connecting frame, and a repair platform. The side frames have rollers at the bottom and an arc-shaped top. The active connecting frame slides between the arc-shaped portions of the two side frames, allowing it to extend and retract to change the distance between the two side frames and to slide and change its position on the active connecting frame. The passive connecting frame connects to the middle of the two side frames and serves as a guide. The repair platform is located in the middle of the active connecting frame and is equipped with a multi-directional drilling mechanism that can drill along the longitudinal direction of the crack within the tunnel segment. This device, combined with this method, enables high-quality repair of tunnel segment cracks without affecting the TBM's advance or disassembling and reinstalling the segments, significantly improving repair quality, reducing cycle time, and lowering costs. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 The diagram shown illustrates an application scenario of this invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This invention is shown as Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0035] Figure 4 This invention is shown as Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle.

[0036] Figure 5 This invention is shown as Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point C in the middle.

[0037] Figure 6 The image shown is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the repair platform of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 The image shown is a top view of the repair platform of this invention.

[0039] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a test illustration of the repair platform of this invention.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the rear of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the front view of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the comparison of drilling directions.

[0043] Figure 12 The diagram shows a lifting platform.

[0044] The components include: side frame 1, roller 10, locking hole 11, locking pin 12, passive connecting frame 2, passive structural plate 20, sliding plate 21, synchronous support structure 22, active connecting frame 3, sliding seat 30, telescopic cylinder 31, structural component 32, winding machine 33, cable 34, repair platform 4, base support rod 40, pitch axis 41, rotation axis 42, detection arm 43, detection rod 431, drilling rig 44, drill rod 440, grouting nozzle 8, segment 9, crack 90, first platform 51, second platform 52, lifting drive 53, lifting rod 54, and nut sleeve 55. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0046] Please see Figures 1 to 12 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0047] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0048] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 1-2This invention provides an embodiment of a device for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments of a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The device is used to repair cracks on TBM segments during TBM construction and includes: a side frame 1, a passive connecting frame 2, an active connecting frame 3, and a repair platform 4. The side frame 1 has rollers 10 at its bottom and an arc-shaped top. Two side frames 1 are arranged opposite each other. The active connecting frame 3 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped portion of the two side frames 1 and can extend and retract to change the distance between the two side frames 1. The passive connecting frame 2 is connected to the middle of the two side frames 1 and serves as a guide. The repair platform 4 is located in the middle of the active connecting frame 3 and is equipped with a multi-directional drilling mechanism that can drill along the longitudinal direction of the crack within the tunnel lining segment.

[0049] In the above embodiments, the active connecting frame 3 can slide on the arc-shaped part of the side frame 1 and be fixed at a specific angle position so that the repair platform 4 is oriented toward a specific segment crack position and can adapt to circumferential cracks, allowing the repair platform 4 to operate on various positions of circumferential cracks; at the same time, the active connecting frame 3 allows the repair platform 4 to move laterally, thereby dealing with the situation where the segment crack is oriented along the tunnel's forward direction. Specifically, this is achieved through the extension and retraction of the active connecting frame 3. The rollers 10 on one side frame 1 are locked, while the rollers 10 on the other side frame 1 are released. When the active connecting frame 3 extends and retracts, the movable side frame 1 moves relative to the other side frame 1. Then, the locked and released states of the rollers 10 on both side frames 1 are switched. When the active connecting frame 3 moves again, the previously movable side frame 1 becomes fixed while the previously fixed side frame 1 becomes movable. Repeating the above steps allows the entire crack repair device to move within the shield tunnel. Through the movement of the entire device, the sliding of the active connecting frame 3 on the frame, and the angle changes of the multi-directional drilling mechanism, drilling can be performed on cracks of various orientations and distributions on the tunnel segments. Furthermore, the drilling direction is consistent with the longitudinal direction of the crack within the tunnel segment. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 11 The right side, and Figure 11 The left side shows the effect of a typical repair drilling.

[0050] The above embodiments have at least two beneficial effects. First, the entire device does not require an independent drive unit for movement; instead, it moves by extending and retracting the active connecting frame 3. In this movement method, one side is always fixed, while the movement of the other side is consistent with the extension and retraction of the active connecting frame 3. Therefore, the device has high positional accuracy throughout its movement. As long as the initial position is accurately positioned, each subsequent position can be precisely controlled, facilitating the alignment of the drill bit of the multi-directional drilling mechanism with the crack and simplifying the construction process. Second, the drill bit of the drilling mechanism has high directional adjustability, capable of pitching and lateral rotation, i.e., drilling obliquely into the crack, consistent with the direction of the crack within the segment. This ensures that the grout can smoothly enter the crack during subsequent grouting and flow within it to form a sealing and repair effect. (See reference...) Figure 11 The image shows the drilling effect of this device on the right and the drilling effect of conventional methods on the left.

[0051] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 2 The active connecting frame 3 includes a sliding seat 30 and a telescopic cylinder 31. The sliding seat 30 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped part of the side frame 1. The output shaft of the telescopic cylinder 31 is connected to the sliding seat 30. The other end of the telescopic cylinder 31 is connected to the sliding seat 30 on the other side through a structural component 32. In specific implementation, the structural component 32 can be an additional piece of steel or the tail end housing seat of the telescopic cylinder 31. The cross-sectional dimensions of the telescopic cylinder 31 housing and the output shaft should be reasonably designed to ensure sufficient strength at maximum elongation. The telescopic cylinder 31 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder, selected according to site conditions, but a hydraulic cylinder is more effective and has a faster response speed.

[0052] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 2 The active connecting frame 3 consists of three sets. One set is located at the top of the arc-shaped side frame 1 and is fixed in position, while the other two sets are located on the sides respectively. These three sets of connecting frames improve the stability of the device, especially the middle set, which is fixed between the two side frames 1 and cannot slide, connecting them into a whole. Even when the side frames 1 slide, the entire device remains stable. The three sets of active connecting frames 3 also reduce the strength and power requirements of each individual active connecting frame 3. The distribution of the three sets improves the power efficiency and the force balance of each part. Repair platforms 4 can be installed on the active connecting frames 3 on both sides to repair cracks on each side. When the crack is located in the top area, they can also work together. This expands the repair work area while improving the overall stability and reliability of the device.

[0053] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 2The position of the active connecting frame 3 on the side frame 1 is controlled by the winding machine 33 and the cable 34. The winding machine 33 is fixedly mounted on the passive connecting frame 2. One end of the cable 34 is connected to the middle of the active connecting frame 3 located on the side, and the other end passes around the active connecting frame 3 located in the middle and is then fixedly connected downward to the winding reel of the winding machine 33. In this embodiment, the cable 34 acts on the middle of the active connecting frame 3. When the cable is tightened, the active connecting frame 3 slides upward, and when the cable is loosened, the active connecting frame 3 slides downward. The cable is connected to the middle of the active connecting frame 3, and the two sides of the active connecting frame 3 are guided and slid by sliders. The operation of the active connecting frame 3 is relatively stable, the force is relatively balanced, and the power connection is relatively simple, without the need for complex structures such as racks, gears, or lead screws and nuts.

[0054] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 6-10 The repair platform 4 includes a base support rod 40, a pitch axis 41, a rotation axis 42, a detection arm 43, and a drilling rig 44. One end of the base support rod 40 is fixedly connected to the active connecting frame 3. The pitch axis 41 is rotatably connected to the other end of the base support rod 40, with its axis perpendicular to the ground and performing pitching motion. The rotation axis 42 is rotatably connected to the other end of the pitch axis 41, with their axes overlapping and rotating coaxially. The middle part of the detection arm 43 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotation axis 42, and the axis of the detection arm 43 is along the direction of the shield tunnel's advance. The drilling rig 44 is located in the middle of the detection arm 43 and faces the tunnel segment. The drilling rig 44 has a screw and nut mechanism inside, and the drill rod 440 is a screw that extends and drills into the crack under the drive of the nut. Detection rods 431 are provided on both sides of the detection arm 43. The detection rods 431 are telescopically connected to the detection arm 43, and the telescopic range is controllable.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the base support rod 40 can extend to abut against the tube segment, and the pitch axis 41 can adjust the pitch state of the repair platform 4, such as... Figure 8 As shown in the side view, when the crack axis is transverse, the depth extension of the crack within the segment may have a certain angle. By adjusting the pitch angle, the drill bit's drilling direction can be aligned with the crack. Similarly, the rotating shaft 42 can adjust the rotation angle of the horizontal plane, such as... Figure 7 As shown in the top view, when the crack direction is longitudinal, the crack may be oblique rather than perpendicular to the surface of the segment inside the tunnel lining. In this case, rotating shaft 42 allows the drill bit to drill in the same direction as the crack. For cracks with complex orientations, both pitch shaft 41 and rotating shaft 42 can be adjusted in angle. Through the coordinated action of pitch shaft 41 and rotating shaft 42, drilling along the longitudinal direction of the crack within the tunnel lining can be achieved for cracks of various orientations. This ensures that when grout is subsequently injected from the borehole, the grout can smoothly enter the crack and flow along it to seal the crack, improving the repair quality.

[0056] In the above embodiments, the external orientation of the crack can be obtained through visual observation, but the internal orientation of the crack needs to be detected using specialized equipment, such as ultrasonic equipment. Once the internal orientation is determined, the drill rod must be controlled to drill along the direction of the crack. Figure 7 As shown, the axial distance between the two probe rods 431 is known. By controlling the difference in elongation between the two probe rods 431, the drill rod can be oriented. The difference in elongation can be geometrically calculated based on the crack direction. The angle of the drill rig 44 can be controlled by a motor. If the angle is accurate, when the base support rod 40 extends and abuts against the wall to prepare for drilling, the ends of the two probe rods 431 should simultaneously contact the wall surface of the tunnel segment; otherwise, the drill rig angle should be readjusted. Under accurate conditions, it should be as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the ends of the two probe rods 431 simultaneously contact the wall surface of the tunnel segment, and the drill bit in the middle points to the crack, thereby ensuring accurate drilling angle and reliable crack repair quality.

[0057] Furthermore, the end of the probe rod 431 has a contact detector. During the extension of the probe rod 431, an electrical signal is triggered when the contact detector contacts the tunnel segment. If the electrical signals of the contact detectors on the two probe rods 431 are not triggered simultaneously, it indicates that the drilling angle does not match the preset angle. The extension amount of the probe rod 431 is controlled by a lead screw and nut mechanism, where the probe rod 431 is a lead screw. By controlling the lead screw's lead and the number of rotations of the nut, the extension dimension of the entire probe rod 431 can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving the aforementioned effect of assisting in judging the accuracy of the drilling angle.

[0058] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 3 Multiple locking holes 11 are spaced apart on the arc-shaped side frame 1. The active connecting frame 3 also has holes at its sliding connection point with the side frame 1, and these holes can align with different locking holes 11 during sliding. The sliding position can be fixed by inserting a locking pin 12. This method has a simple structure and stable locking effect. After locking, the position of the active connecting frame 3 remains fixed, eliminating the need for the winding machine 33 and the cable 34 to continuously provide tension. This improves the stability of the device and reduces energy consumption.

[0059] Please refer to this embodiment. Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 12The passive connecting frame 2 includes passive structural plates 20 and sliding plates 21. One end of each of the two passive structural plates 20 is fixedly connected to the side frame 1. The sliding plate 21 slides in conjunction with the two passive structural plates 20. A vertical synchronous support structure 22 is also provided between the sliding plate 21 and the active connecting frame 3. The sliding plate 21 is a working platform. Connecting the sliding plate 21 and the active connecting frame 3 can improve the stability of the sliding plate 21 and ensure that its movement is always consistent with that of the active connecting frame 3. A lifting platform is also provided on the sliding plate 21. The lifting platform includes a first platform 51, a second platform 52, a lifting driver 53, a lifting rod 54, and a nut sleeve 55. The first platform 51 and the second platform 52 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the lifting rod 54, respectively. The nut sleeve 55 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 21, and the nut sleeve 55 and the lifting rod 54 are threaded together. The lifting driver 53 drives the lifting rod 54 to rotate, thereby realizing the lifting of the entire first platform 51 and the second platform 52. One platform can send workers from the ground to the sliding plate 21, and the other platform can lift workers from the sliding plate 21 to carry out construction work on the top side wall segments. The solution in this embodiment further enhances the stability and convenience of the device.

[0060] This embodiment is a method for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments of a tunnel boring machine (TBM), employing the aforementioned device for repairing cracks in TBM segments, and includes the following steps:

[0061] Segment Investigation: Investigate the crack defects in the tunnel segments, including crack width, direction, and depth. Fine Cracks: Cracks less than 0.2mm wide that do not penetrate the concrete. These cracks do not cause leakage and have minimal impact on the concrete; surface treatment is sufficient, and this device and method are not required. General Cracks: Cracks less than 0.4mm wide that cause leakage. These cracks have a greater impact on the concrete and are sealed using grouting along the crack, i.e., this device and method. Segments with crack widths greater than 0.4mm are not suitable for this method.

[0062] Scheme Design: Based on the crack defect situation, the parameters of the grouting nozzle holes are designed, including distribution, depth, and angle. By verifying the number, length, and width of cracks on site and marking them on the segments, specific calculations and arrangements are made for grouting material dosage, nozzle installation, and grouting.

[0063] Drilling Construction: The equipment for repairing cracks in the tunnel lining segments arrives on site. Repair platform 4 drills multiple grouting nozzle holes in the cracks according to the design plan. Holes are drilled along the crack surface to serve as grouting guide holes. Holes are drilled along the crack direction, with a depth of 5cm, a diameter of 8mm, and a spacing of 35cm. Holes are drilled at the intersections of cracks.

[0064] Grouting Nozzle Installation: Insert the grouting nozzle into the grouting nozzle hole and secure it firmly. All holes must be thoroughly cleaned with high-pressure air to prevent clogging by ash and debris. Then, clean the dust, slag, and loose layer within a 3cm-4cm radius on both sides of the crack from top to bottom using a small hammer, hand shovel, steel brush, sandpaper, and brush. Level the surface of the component, remove any protruding parts, and then clean with acetone to remove oil stains around the crack. Take care not to clog the crack during cleaning. Apply the prepared adhesive to the bottom circumference of the grouting base to a thickness of 1-2mm, align it with the hole, and stick it onto the crack. The spacing of the grouting nozzles should be 3.5-4.0cm depending on the length and width of the crack. Generally, wider cracks can be spaced further apart, while narrower cracks should be spaced further apart. Each crack must have at least one grout inlet and one vent. Attach the grouting base to the crack surface along the marked position, and press down on the base with appropriate force to allow some adhesive to overflow and cover the edge of the grouting base. The grouting holes must be aligned to ensure smooth flow, the grouting nozzles should be firmly attached, and the surrounding area should be sealed in a fishbone pattern.

[0065] Crack surface sealing: Apply sealing mortar to the crack area outside the grouting nozzle. To ensure that the concrete crack is completely filled with grout and maintain pressure, while preventing excessive grout leakage, the treated crack surface (excluding the holes and nozzles) must be sealed with polymer cement mortar evenly applied twice from top to bottom along the crack direction (6-8cm wide, 2mm thick). When the grouting pressure is high, a layer of fiberglass cloth (50-70mm wide) can be tightly applied in sections to form a sealing zone.

[0066] After the sealing tape has hardened, a pressure test is required to check if it is completely sealed. Compressed gas is passed through the grouting nozzle, with the pressure controlled between 0.2 and 0.4 MPa. Soapy water can be applied to the sealing tape and around the grouting nozzle. If foam appears on the sealing tape after air is introduced, it indicates a leak, and the leaking area should be resealed. For vertical joints, the air test should proceed from bottom to top; for horizontal joints, from the lower end to the upper end. To ensure complete curing, the sealant should be cured for at least 12 hours before the air test.

[0067] Repair work involves injecting grouting material through the grouting nozzle to seal and repair cracks. During grouting, pressure should be carefully controlled. For wider cracks, inject a lower viscosity grout first, followed by a higher viscosity grout. If grout flow is smooth, the pressure should be controlled below 0.5 MPa. Grouting should end when no more grout is absorbed; generally, the absorption rate should be ≤0.1 L / min. Continue grouting for a few more minutes before stopping. After grouting, immediately remove and clean the pipes. For horizontal cracks, grouting should proceed gradually from the lower end to the higher end. For vertical web cracks, grouting should proceed gradually from bottom to top. After grouting begins at one end, stop grouting when the grout concentration from the other end's grout nozzle is the same as the injected grout after the air in the crack is expelled. Seal the grouting nozzle while maintaining pressure.

[0068] After the grouting is completed, the newly injected grout should be cured and allowed to harden. Generally, it should be cured for 24 hours, but depending on the season and temperature, it may sometimes take more than 24 hours.

[0069] After surface cleaning, remove the grouting nozzles and seal the nozzle openings with fast-setting adhesive. Apply a layer of polymer cement grout to the surface of each crack. After the grouting material has cured, clean the surface again. Apply polymer cement grout to the surface of each crack to ensure a tight seal and to maintain a color as consistent as possible with the original concrete structure surface.

[0070] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art, produces beneficial technical effects, and has made significant progress.

[0071] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for repairing cracks in tunnel boring machine segments, used to repair cracks on tunnel boring machine segments during tunnel boring construction, characterized in that, include: Side frame (1), passive connecting frame (2), active connecting frame (3), and repair platform (4); The side frame (1) is provided with a roller (10) at the bottom and an arc shape at the top. The two side frames (1) are arranged opposite to each other. The active connecting frame (3) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped part of the two side frames (1) and can extend and retract to change the distance between the two side frames (1). The passive connecting frame (2) is connected to the middle of the two side frames (1) and plays a guiding role. The repair platform (4) is located in the middle of the active connecting frame (3). The repair platform (4) is equipped with a multi-directional drilling mechanism, which can drill along the longitudinal direction of the crack in the pipe segment. The repair platform (4) includes a base support rod (40), a pitch axis (41), a rotation axis (42), a probe arm (43), and a drilling rig (44); One end of the base support rod (40) is fixedly connected to the active connecting frame (3). The pitch axis (41) is rotatably connected to the other end of the base support rod (40) and its axis is perpendicular and it performs pitch movement. The rotation axis (42) is rotatably connected to the other end of the pitch axis (41) and their axes coincide and they rotate coaxially. The middle part of the detection arm (43) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotation axis (42). The axis of the detection arm (43) is along the direction of the shield tunnel advance. The drilling rig (44) is located in the middle of the probe arm (43) and faces the tunnel segment. The drilling rig (44) has a screw and nut mechanism inside, and the drill rod (440) is a screw that extends into the crack under the drive of the nut. The detection arm (43) is provided with detection rods (431) on both sides. The detection rods (431) are telescopically connected to the detection arm (43) and the telescopic range is controllable.

2. The device for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The active connecting frame (3) includes a sliding seat (30) and a telescopic cylinder (31). The sliding seat (30) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped part of the side frame (1). The output shaft of the output end of the telescopic cylinder (31) is connected to the sliding seat (30). The other end of the telescopic cylinder (31) is connected to the sliding seat (30) on the other side through a structural member (32).

3. The device for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The active connecting frame (3) consists of three sets, one set of which is located at the top of the arc of the side frame (1) and is fixed in position, while the other two sets are located on the sides respectively.

4. The device for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The position of the active connecting frame (3) on the side frame (1) is controlled by the winding machine (33) and the cable (34). The winding machine (33) is fixedly installed on the passive connecting frame (2). One end of the cable (34) is connected to the middle of the active connecting frame (3) located on the side, and the other end passes around the active connecting frame (3) located in the middle, and then is fixedly connected downward to the winding reel of the winding machine (33).

5. The device for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The probe rod (431) is equipped with a contact detector. When the contact detector comes into contact with the tube segment during the extension of the probe rod (431), an electrical signal is triggered.

6. The device for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The extension amount of the probe (431) is controlled by a lead screw and nut mechanism, and the probe (431) is a lead screw.

7. The device for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side frame (1) has multiple locking holes (11) spaced apart on its arc shape. The active connecting frame (3) also has holes at the sliding connection point with the side frame (1) and can be aligned with different locking holes (11) during sliding. The sliding position can be fixed by inserting a locking pin (12).

8. The device for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The passive connecting frame (2) includes a passive structural plate (20) and a sliding plate (21). One end of each of the two passive structural plates (20) is fixedly connected to the side frame (1). The sliding plate (21) is slidably engaged with the two passive structural plates (20). A vertical synchronous support structure (22) is also provided between the sliding plate (21) and the active connecting frame (3) located at the top of the arc of the side frame (1).

9. A method for repairing cracks in tunnel lining segments of a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, The device for repairing cracks in tunnel boring machine segments as described in claim 1 includes the following steps: segment investigation, investigating the crack defects in the segments, including crack width, direction and depth; Based on the crack defect conditions, the parameters of the grouting nozzle holes are designed, including distribution, depth, and angle. During drilling construction, the device for repairing cracks in the tunnel lining segments of the shield machine was brought to the site, and the repair platform (4) drilled multiple grouting nozzle holes in the cracks according to the design scheme. Grouting nozzle installation: Insert the grouting nozzle into the grouting nozzle hole and secure it firmly; The crack surface is sealed, and sealing mortar is applied to the crack area outside the grouting nozzle. Repair work involves injecting grouting material through the grouting nozzle to seal and repair the cracks; After the grouting is completed, the newly injected grout should be cured and allowed to harden. Clean the surface, remove the grouting nozzle, smooth and seal the grouting nozzle hole with fast-curing adhesive, and apply another layer of polymer cement slurry to the surface of each crack.

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