General air-blast seed metering device for different seeding rates

Abstract

Different sowing rate general air suction seed metering device belongs to agricultural machinery; the driving shaft is inserted in the shell, the suction seed disc with column hole and N group suction seed through hole is fixed on the left end of the shell, the seed box with baffle, seed brush and seed inlet and seed outlet is positioned and arranged on the outer end of the suction seed disc, the T-shaped sleeve with driving column, axial sliding slot, radial sliding slot, sowing rate adjusting push-pull rod, air suction disc with air hole and air tank with air suction port are successively sleeved on the driving shaft, the sowing rate adjusting plate fixed on the driving shaft is slidably inserted in the axial sliding slot, the L-shaped air flow shell with air outlet through hole and air inlet through hole is hinged and supported on the sowing rate adjusting plate through connecting rod, the air inlet through hole is matched with the suction seed through hole, and the two ends of the thick wall air pipe fixed on the outside of the shell are respectively inserted in the air outlet through hole and the air hole; the device can be used for sowing crops with different sowing rates, has good universality, strong adaptability, and is multi-purpose, simple and convenient to adjust and operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and mainly relates to a universal air-suction seed metering device suitable for crops with different seeding rates. Background Technology

[0002] Seed metering devices are one of the key operating components on seeders, influencing and determining the quality and efficiency of seed metering operations. Pneumatic seed metering devices, due to their high efficiency, good seed metering stability, and suitability for installation on large, multi-row seeders, have gradually replaced various mechanical seed metering devices in recent years, leading to a continuous increase in market demand. However, due to shortcomings in structural design, currently used pneumatic seed metering devices in my country are only suitable for planting one type of crop, and the seeding rate is not adjustable. For example, a pneumatic corn seed metering device that can only meter one corn seed cannot be used for metering multiple rice seeds, and vice versa. Poor versatility and adaptability, limited applicability, and low efficiency are technical problems that need to be overcome and solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art and, in light of the actual needs of current mechanized sowing operations for air-suction seed metering devices, to develop and design a universal air-suction seed metering device for crops with different seeding rates, so as to achieve the goals of multi-purpose device, good versatility, high efficiency, strong compatibility, and good seed metering quality.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A drive shaft is coaxially and axially reciprocatingly inserted into the interior of a housing with a positioning configuration. A seed suction and discharge tray is fixedly mounted on the left end of the housing. N sets of seed suction and discharge through holes with different numbers of holes are sequentially opened radially from the inside to the outside on the seed suction and discharge tray. Column holes are evenly distributed circumferentially at the center of the seed suction and discharge tray. A seed box is positioned and mounted on the outside of the left end of the seed suction and discharge tray. The seed box and the seed suction and discharge tray are in a sealed connection. Inside the seed box, a partition divides the space into a seed storage chamber and a seed discharge chamber. A seed discharge brush is installed on the side of the partition located inside the seed discharge chamber. The seed discharge brush is tightly fitted to the left end face of the seed suction and discharge tray. The seed inlet and outlet are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the seed box, communicating with the seed storage chamber and seed discharge chamber inside the seed box. A T-shaped sleeve is coaxially inserted into the shell cavity and axially movable onto the left side of the drive shaft. Drive columns are evenly distributed and fixed along the circumferential direction on the left end face of the T-shaped sleeve, and are fixedly inserted into the column holes on the seed suction and discharge tray. An axial groove and a radial groove are respectively provided on the T-shaped sleeve. A seeding adjustment plate is axially movable within the axial groove and fixed to the drive shaft. The seeding adjustment plate is mounted on the seeding adjustment plate, and the seed suction and discharge tray located inside the shell cavity is connected to the T-shaped sleeve. The L-shaped airflow housing is axially positioned and radially retractable hinged and supported at the junction of the sleeves. A guide post fixed to the right end face of the L-shaped airflow housing is radially movable and inserted into a radial groove on the T-shaped sleeve. Interconnected air outlet and air inlet holes are respectively opened on the L-shaped airflow housing. The air inlet holes are sequentially overlapped and connected or staggered and closed with the respective groups of air inlet holes on the seed suction and discharge disc. N seeding adjustment holes are axially arranged sequentially on the right side of the drive shaft. A seeding adjustment push-pull rod is fixed to the right end face of the T-shaped sleeve, and a locking pin is retractably inserted into the seeding adjustment push-pull rod. The locking pins are sequentially... The T-shaped sleeve is connected to the drive shaft by inserting it into the N seeding adjustment holes on the drive shaft. An air suction plate is installed on the outside of the drive shaft, on the right side of the T-shaped sleeve. The air holes are opened on the air suction plate. A thick-walled air pipe is fixed on the outside of the housing. The left end of the thick-walled air pipe passes through the housing wall and is inserted into the air outlet hole fixed on the L-shaped airflow housing. The right end of the thick-walled air pipe is fixedly inserted into the air hole on the air suction plate. A fixedly configured air box is fitted on the outside of the drive shaft. The air box and the air suction plate are sealed together. The air holes on the air suction plate are connected to the air box. An air intake is set on the air box. This constitutes a universal air suction seed metering device for crops with different seeding rates.

[0005] This invention enables a single air-suction seed metering device to adapt to and meet the seeding operations of various crop seeds with different sowing rates. It features a novel, unique, and reasonable structure, good versatility, strong adaptability, multi-purpose functionality, high efficiency, and simple and convenient adjustment and operation, providing technical support for the promotion and application of air-suction seed metering devices. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of a universal air-suction seed metering device for crops with different seeding rates;

[0007] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a universal air-suction seed metering device for crops with different seeding rates;

[0008] Figure 3 This is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a universal air-suction seed metering device for crops with different seeding rates;

[0009] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0010] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the T-shaped sleeve, drive column, and adjusting push-pull plate;

[0011] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air box structure;

[0012] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an L-shaped airflow shell structure;

[0013] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the seed-absorbing and seed-discharging disc structure.

[0014] Part number description in the image:

[0015] 1. Seed inlet, 2. Seed box, 3. Seed suction and discharge through hole, 4. Column hole, 5. Thick-walled air pipe, 6. Shell, 7. L-shaped airflow shell, 7-1. Air outlet through hole, 7-2. Air inlet through hole, 8. Seed quantity adjustment plate, 9. Connecting rod, 10. Guide column, 11. Drive shaft, 12. Seed quantity adjustment hole, 13. Drive column, 14. Axial groove, 15. T-shaped sleeve, 16. Seed quantity adjustment push-pull rod, 17. Air suction plate, 18. Air hole, 19. Air box, 20. Air suction port, 21. Locking pin, 22. Seed suction and discharge plate, 23. Seed discharge port, 24. Seed discharge brush, 25. Partition plate, 26. Radial groove. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.A universal air-suction seed metering device for crops with different seeding rates includes a drive shaft 11 coaxially and axially reciprocatingly installed inside a housing 6. A seed suction and discharge plate 22 is fixedly mounted on the left end of the housing 6. N sets of seed suction and discharge through holes 3 with different numbers of holes are sequentially formed radially from the inside to the outside on the seed suction and discharge plate 22. Column holes 4 are evenly distributed circumferentially at the center of the seed suction and discharge plate 22. A seed box 2 is positioned and mounted on the outer left end of the seed suction and discharge plate 22. The seed box 2 and the seed suction and discharge plate 22 are in a sealed connection. The seed box 2 is divided into a seed storage chamber and a seed discharge chamber by a partition 25. A seed discharge brush 24 is installed on the side of the partition 25 located inside the seed discharge chamber, and the seed discharge brush 24 is in close contact with the left end face of the seed suction and discharge plate 22. Seed inlet 1 and seed outlet 23 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of seed box 2, and are connected to the seed storage chamber and seed outlet chamber inside seed box 2, respectively. A T-shaped sleeve 15 is coaxially inserted into the cavity of housing 6 and is axially movable onto the left side of drive shaft 11. Drive columns 13 are evenly distributed and fixed along the circumferential direction on the left end face of the T-shaped sleeve 15. The drive columns 13 are fixedly inserted into the column holes 4 on the seed suction and discharge tray 22. An axial groove 14 and a radial groove 26 are respectively provided on the T-shaped sleeve 15. A seeding adjustment plate 8 is axially movable and inserted into the axial groove 14. The seeding adjustment plate 8 is fixedly mounted to drive shaft 11. The seed suction and discharge tray 22 located in the cavity of housing 6 and the T-shaped sleeve 15 are connected to the drive shaft 11. The L-shaped airflow housing 7 is axially positioned and radially retractable hinged and supported at the junction of the T-shaped sleeves 15 via a connecting rod 9. A guide post 10, fixed to the right end face of the L-shaped airflow housing 7, is radially movable and inserted into a radial groove 26 on the T-shaped sleeve 15. An air outlet 7-1 and an air inlet 7-2 are respectively opened on the L-shaped airflow housing 7, which are interconnected. The air inlet 7-2 is sequentially overlapped and connected or staggered and closed with each group of seed suction and discharge holes 3 on the seed suction and discharge disc 22. N seeding adjustment holes 12 are axially arranged sequentially on the right side of the drive shaft 11. A seeding adjustment push-pull rod 16 is fixed to the right end face of the T-shaped sleeve 15, and a locking pin 21 is retractably inserted into the seeding adjustment push-pull rod 16. 21 are sequentially inserted into the N volume adjustment holes 12 on the drive shaft 11, and the T-shaped sleeve 15 is connected to the drive shaft 11 as a whole. An air intake plate 17 is fitted on the outside of the drive shaft 11, on the right side of the T-shaped sleeve 15. An air hole 18 is opened on the air intake plate 17. A thick-walled air pipe 5 is fixed on the outside of the housing 6. The left end of the thick-walled air pipe 5 passes through the wall plate of the housing 6 and is inserted into the air outlet hole 7-1 fixed on the L-shaped airflow housing 7. The right end of the thick-walled air pipe 5 is fixedly inserted into the air hole 18 on the air intake plate 17. A fixedly configured air box 19 is fitted on the outside of the drive shaft 11. The air box 19 and the air intake plate 17 are sealed together. The air hole 18 on the air intake plate 17 is connected to the air box 19. An air intake port 20 is provided on the air box 19.

[0017] During operation, the air intake 20 on the air box 19 is connected to the negative pressure air intake source. The negative pressure airflow passes sequentially through the air box 19, the air hole 18 on the air intake plate 17, the thick-walled air pipe 5, the air outlet 7-1 and the air inlet 7-2 on the L-shaped airflow housing 7, forming a negative pressure suction force in the seed suction and discharge through-holes 3 on the seed suction and discharge plate 22 that are correspondingly overlapped and connected to the air inlet 7-2. This negative pressure suction force adsorbs the seeds located in the seed storage cavity in the seed box 2 onto the port of the seed suction and discharge through-holes 3 on the seed suction and discharge plate 22. Simultaneously, the externally input rotational power is driven sequentially through the drive shaft 11 in three directions: ①, driving the L-shaped airflow housing 7 to rotate in a circular motion through the seeding adjustment plate 8 and the connecting rod 9; ②, driving the seeding adjustment plate 8 and the axial direction... The sliding groove 14 drives the T-shaped sleeve 15 to rotate synchronously, and then drives the seed suction and discharge tray 22 to rotate synchronously through the drive column 13 and column hole 4; ③ The rotating L-shaped airflow housing 7 drives the housing 6 and suction plate 17 to rotate synchronously through the air outlet 7-1 and thick-walled air pipe 5 in sequence. Thus, the seed suction and discharge tray 22, thick-walled air pipe 5, housing 6, L-shaped airflow housing 7, T-shaped sleeve 15 and suction plate 17 rotate synchronously at the same speed while remaining relatively stationary. When the seed suction and discharge through hole 3 on the seed suction and discharge tray 22, which has seeds adsorbed, rotates into the seed discharge cavity of the seed box 2, the seeds are forcibly unloaded from the seed suction and discharge tray 22 under the cleaning of the seed discharge brush 24 and discharged through the seed discharge port 23, completing the seed discharge and sowing operation.

[0018] When adjusting the seeding rate according to different crop seeding requirements, pull the locking pin 21 out of the seeding rate adjustment hole 12 on the drive shaft 11, and manually push or pull the drive shaft 11 axially relative to the T-shaped sleeve 15 which is stationary. The seeding rate adjustment plate 8 fixed on the drive shaft 11 moves along the axial groove 14 on the T-shaped sleeve 15. Under the control of the guide post 10 fixed on the end of the L-shaped airflow housing 7 and the radial groove 26 on the T-shaped sleeve 15, the L-shaped airflow housing 7 moves radially relative to the drive shaft 11. Adjust the air inlet hole 7-2 on the L-shaped airflow housing 7 and the N sets of suction and discharge holes 3 with different numbers of holes on the seed suction and discharge tray 22 to correspond to each other or be staggered and closed to complete the adjustment of different seeding rates. Then, use the locking pin 21 to insert into the corresponding seeding rate adjustment hole 12 to lock the drive shaft 11 and the T-shaped sleeve 15.

Claims

1. A universal air-suction seed metering device for crops with different seeding rates, characterized in that: A drive shaft (11) is coaxially and axially reciprocatingly inserted into the housing (6) in a positioning configuration. A seed suction tray (22) is fixedly mounted on the left end of the housing (6). N sets of seed suction through holes (3) with different numbers of holes are sequentially opened radially from the inside to the outside on the seed suction tray (22). Column holes (4) are evenly distributed circumferentially on the center of the seed suction tray (22). A seed box (2) is positioned and mounted on the outside of the left end of the seed suction tray (22). The seed box (2) and the seed suction tray (22) are connected. The two parts are connected by a sealed fit. The seed box (2) is divided into a seed storage chamber and a seed discharge chamber by a partition (25). The seed discharge brush (24) is installed on the side of the partition (25) located in the seed discharge chamber. The seed discharge brush (24) is in close contact with the left end face of the seed suction plate (22). The seed inlet (1) and the seed discharge outlet (23) are respectively opened on the upper and lower parts of the seed box (2). The seed inlet (1) and the seed discharge outlet (23) are respectively connected to the seed storage chamber and the seed discharge chamber in the seed box (2).The T-shaped sleeve (15) is coaxially inserted into the cavity of the housing (6) and is axially movable on the left side of the drive shaft (11). Drive columns (13) are evenly distributed and fixed along the circumferential direction on the left end face of the T-shaped sleeve (15). The drive columns (13) are fixedly inserted into the column holes (4) on the seed suction and discharge tray (22). An axial groove (14) and a radial groove (26) are respectively provided on the T-shaped sleeve (15). A seeding adjustment plate (8) is axially movable in the axial groove (14). The seeding adjustment plate (8) is fixed to the drive shaft (11). An L-shaped airflow housing (7) is mounted on the upper part of the housing (6) between the seed suction tray (22) and the T-shaped sleeve (15) via a connecting rod (9) and is axially positioned and radially retractable. A guide post (10) fixed on the right end face of the L-shaped airflow housing (7) is inserted into a radial groove (26) on the T-shaped sleeve (15) and can move radially. An air outlet hole (7-1) and an air inlet hole (7-2) are respectively opened on the L-shaped airflow housing (7) and are interconnected. The air inlet hole (7-2) is connected to each group of seed suction holes (3) on the seed suction tray (22) in a sequential overlapping manner. With a fitted or misaligned closed fit, N volume adjustment holes (12) are sequentially arranged axially on the right side of the drive shaft (11). A volume adjustment push-pull rod (16) is fixedly mounted on the right end face of the T-shaped sleeve (15). A locking pin (21) is movably inserted into the volume adjustment push-pull rod (16). The locking pin (21) is sequentially inserted into the N volume adjustment holes (12) on the drive shaft (11) to connect the T-shaped sleeve (15) and the drive shaft (11) into one unit. An air suction plate (17) is fitted on the outside of the drive shaft (11) at the right side of the T-shaped sleeve (15). An air hole (18) is installed. A thick-walled air pipe (5) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the housing (6) on the suction plate (17). The left end of the thick-walled air pipe (5) passes through the wall of the housing (6) and is inserted into the air outlet (7-1) fixed on the L-shaped airflow housing (7). The right end of the thick-walled air pipe (5) is fixedly inserted into the air hole (18) on the suction plate (17). A fixedly configured air box (19) is fitted on the outside of the drive shaft (11). The air box (19) is sealed to the suction plate (17). The air hole (18) on the suction plate (17) is connected to the air box (19). An air inlet (20) is provided on the air box (19).

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