Foundation pit bottom soil layer excavation device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the field of foundation pit excavation devices, and particularly discloses a foundation pit bottom soil layer excavation device and method, which comprises a bulldozing shovel slidingly arranged at the bottom of a pipe gallery foundation pit. The front and rear ends of the bulldozing shovel are respectively connected with traction ropes. The two sides of the bulldozing shovel running track are respectively provided with traction members for winding or unwinding the corresponding traction ropes and driving the bulldozing shovel to run along the length direction of the pipe gallery foundation pit. The two ends of the bulldozing shovel running track are respectively provided with guide ropes, and the two guide ropes are parallel to the width direction of the pipe gallery foundation pit. A guide member is slidingly arranged on each guide rope for guiding the traction rope. The end of the guide rope and the traction member are detachably connected to the H-shaped steel in the foundation pit side wall support pile. The application has the effects of high earth shoveling efficiency and small disturbance to the original soil of the foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of foundation pit excavation equipment, and in particular to a device and method for excavating the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of underground utility tunnels, foundation pit excavation is required. In order to prevent mechanical over-excavation or mechanical disturbance of the original soil at the foundation, according to the construction specifications, when using mechanical excavation, it is usually necessary to reserve a soil layer of 150mm to 300mm, and then use manual excavation to clear and level the soil layer at the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0003] Since utility tunnels are typically several kilometers long and tens of meters wide, the amount of manual excavation required is large, resulting in low construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issue of low efficiency in manually excavating and leveling the soil layer at the bottom of a foundation pit, this application provides a device and method for excavating the soil layer at the bottom of a foundation pit.

[0005] The technical solution of the excavation device for the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit provided in this application is as follows:

[0006] A device for excavating the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit, comprising:

[0007] The bulldozer blade is slidably mounted at the bottom of the pipe gallery foundation pit for shoveling soil.

[0008] Two towing ropes are connected to the front and rear ends of the bulldozer blade, respectively;

[0009] Two traction components are located on both sides of the bulldozer blade's travel path, respectively, for winding or unwinding the corresponding traction rope and driving the bulldozer blade to travel along the length of the pipe gallery pit;

[0010] Two guide ropes are located at the two ends of the bulldozer blade's travel path, and both guide ropes are parallel to the width direction of the pipe gallery foundation pit;

[0011] Two guide members are slidably disposed on the corresponding guide ropes to guide the traction ropes;

[0012] The sidewalls of the pipe gallery foundation pit are equipped with support piles, and at least three sets of H-beams are installed inside the support piles. Each set of H-beams consists of two H-beams, and the two H-beams in each set are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the foundation pit. The ends of the guide ropes and the traction components can be detachably connected to the corresponding H-beams.

[0013] First, mechanical excavation is used to excavate the upper soil layer of the foundation pit, exposing the reserved soil layer at the bottom of the pit. The cement on the surface of the sidewall support piles is then chiseled away to expose the flanges of the H-beams. Guide ropes are placed at both ends along the length of the foundation pit, and guide components are installed on these ropes. Traction components are then installed on the corresponding H-beams. A traction rope is connected to the bulldozer blade, and the free end of the traction rope passes through the guide component and connects to it. The guide component is slid along the guide rope to a suitable position and then fixed to the guide rope. During excavation, the traction component drives the corresponding traction rope to rewind or unwind, thereby driving the bulldozer blade to move along the length of the pipe gallery foundation pit and excavate. Compared to manual excavation and leveling of the bottom soil layer, this method has higher excavation efficiency and causes less disturbance to the original soil at the base.

[0014] This application sets the fixing points of the earthmoving excavation device on the support piles with H-beams. The strength of the support piles ensures the stability and reliability of the support points. Since each support point is located on the side wall of the foundation pit, the earthmoving excavation device occupies less space inside the foundation pit, which facilitates construction inside the foundation pit. Since the support piles on the side wall of the foundation pit usually contain multiple H-beams arranged at intervals, it is convenient to adjust the installation position of the guide rope and traction component according to the needs of construction, which helps to improve the efficiency of earthmoving.

[0015] Furthermore, the guide member includes a rope clamp slidably disposed on the guide rope, a guide pulley rotatably disposed on the rope clamp, and the traction rope is wound around the corresponding guide pulley.

[0016] Sliding the rope clamp along the guide rope changes the position of the guide pulley, thereby adjusting the traction direction of the traction rope and thus adjusting the shoveling path of the bulldozer blade, thus achieving full coverage of the trench cleaning area at the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0017] Furthermore, a first connecting component for connecting the end of the guide rope and the corresponding H-beam is provided.

[0018] Furthermore, the first connecting assembly includes two U-shaped plates, which are detachably connected to both sides of the H-shaped steel wing plate, and a first connecting member is provided between the two U-shaped plates for connecting them, with the end of the guide rope fixed to the first connecting member.

[0019] Two U-shaped plates are connected to both sides of the H-beam flange, and then connected between the two U-shaped plates through the first connector. The end of the guide rope is then connected to the first connector to complete the connection between the guide rope and the H-beam. Since the support piles of the foundation pit sidewall usually contain multiple H-beams arranged at intervals, the guide rope can be fixed to the H-beam at a suitable position according to the construction needs. By adjusting the installation position of the U-shaped plates on the H-beam, the installation height of the guide rope can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the thickness of the soil cut by the bulldozer blade.

[0020] Furthermore, the traction component is a winch, and the end of the traction rope away from the bulldozer blade is connected to the output end of the winch. The winch is fixedly connected to a mounting base, and a second connecting component for connecting the two is provided between the mounting base and the corresponding H-beam.

[0021] A winch can drive the corresponding traction rope to wind up or unwind.

[0022] Furthermore, two second connecting components are provided. Each second connecting component includes a connecting seat and a U-shaped seat fixed to the upper and lower ends of the connecting seat. The U-shaped seat is detachably connected to the H-shaped steel wing plate. A second connecting member for connecting the two second connecting components is provided between them. The mounting seat is detachably connected to the connecting seat.

[0023] Install the mounting base onto the connecting base, then install the U-shaped seat on the connecting base onto the flange of the H-beam. Finally, connect the U-shaped seats on the two connecting bases one by one using the second connector to complete the fixing of the winch on the H-beam. Since the support piles of the foundation pit sidewall usually contain multiple H-beams arranged at intervals, the winch can be fixed on the H-beam at a suitable position according to the construction needs. The installation height of the winch can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the U-shaped seat on the H-beam.

[0024] Furthermore, the bulldozer blade includes a stabilizing plate slidably disposed at the bottom of the pit and an arc-shaped blade fixed to the upper surface of the stabilizing plate. The blade has a cutting edge on the side near the bottom of the pit, and a traction bow is fixed to the blade. Two traction ropes are respectively connected to the stabilizing plate and the traction bow.

[0025] The traction rope connected to the traction bow is wound up, and the traction rope connected to the stabilizing plate is unwound, thereby driving the bulldozer blade forward along the length of the pit. As the bulldozer blade moves forward, the blade cuts the soil, and the stabilizing plate stabilizes and balances the blade.

[0026] Furthermore, two traction bows are provided, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the blade body. Each traction bow is equipped with an adjusting component for adjusting the curvature of the blade body.

[0027] Two traction bows pull the blade from both sides, which helps to improve the stability of the blade's movement.

[0028] Furthermore, the adjusting component includes a connecting plate fixed between the ends of the two traction bows, and the connecting plate has a plurality of adjusting holes for the traction rope to pass through, the plurality of adjusting holes being arranged sequentially at intervals along the vertical direction.

[0029] By passing the traction rope through different adjustment holes at the front end of the bulldozer blade, the curvature of the traction bow can be changed, thereby adjusting the curvature of the blade and the thickness of the soil cut.

[0030] This application also provides a method for excavating the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit, which employs a foundation pit bottom soil layer excavation device, and the method includes the following steps:

[0031] Mechanical excavation: Mechanical excavation is used to excavate the upper soil layer of the foundation pit, exposing the reserved soil layer at the bottom of the foundation pit;

[0032] Equipment preparation: Chisel away the cement on the surface of the sidewall support piles of the foundation pit to expose the flanges of the H-beams; arrange guide ropes at both ends of the foundation pit along its length, and connect the two ends of the guide ropes to the H-beams on both sides of the foundation pit; install guide components on the guide ropes; connect traction ropes to the bulldozer blades; pass the free end of the traction rope through the guide components and connect it to the traction components; install the traction components on the corresponding H-beams.

[0033] Leveling the bottom of the foundation pit: Slide the guide along the guide rope to a suitable position and then fix it. Drive the corresponding traction rope to wind up or unwind through the traction device, thereby driving the bulldozer blade to move along the length of the pipe gallery foundation pit and shovel soil.

[0034] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0035] 1. The fixing points of the earthwork excavation device are set on the support piles with H-beams. The strength of the support piles ensures the stability and reliability of the support points. Since each support point is located on the side wall of the foundation pit, the earthwork excavation device occupies less space inside the foundation pit, which facilitates construction inside the foundation pit.

[0036] 2. By adjusting the position of the rope clamp on the guide rope, the traction direction of the traction rope is changed, thereby adjusting the shoveling path of the bulldozer blade and achieving full coverage of the trench cleaning area at the bottom of the foundation pit;

[0037] 3. The bulldozer blade causes minimal disturbance to the original soil at the base, and the cut surface is flat and smooth. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective of an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram in the embodiments of this application, mainly used to illustrate the guide rope installation structure;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram in the embodiments of this application, mainly used to illustrate the installation structure of the winch;

[0042] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the hoist installation structure, mainly used in the embodiments of this application.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped seat in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a bulldozer blade in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another angle of the bulldozer blade in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Reference numerals: 1. U-shaped seat; 2. Crimping bolt; 3. Tie nut; 4. Crimping nut; 5. Base plate; 6. Diagonal brace plate; 7. Support plate; 8. Winch; 9. Mounting seat; 10. Tie bolt; 11. Fixing bolt; 12. H-beam; 13. Wing plate; 14. Web plate; 15. U-shaped plate; 16. Guide rope; 17. Rope clamp; 18. Guide pulley; 19. Traction rope; 20. Cutting body; 21. Handrail; 22. Stabilizing plate; 23. Traction hook; 24. Traction bow; 25. Cutting edge; 26. Flat head bolt; 27. Support pile; 28. Reserved soil layer; 29. ​​Connecting plate; 30. Adjustment hole. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This application discloses a device for excavating the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The excavation device for the bottom soil layer of the foundation pit includes a bulldozer blade that is slidably installed at the bottom of the pipe gallery foundation pit for shoveling soil. The bulldozer blade includes a blade body 20, and traction ropes 19 are connected to the front and rear ends of the bulldozer blade in the direction of travel. Traction components, which are winches 8, are installed on both sides of the bulldozer blade's travel path inside the foundation pit. These winches are used to wind up or unwind the corresponding traction ropes 19 and drive the bulldozer blade to travel along the length of the pipe gallery foundation pit.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 Guide ropes 16 are installed at both ends of the bulldozer's travel path within the excavation pit, with both guide ropes 16 parallel to the width of the pipe gallery excavation pit. Each guide rope 16 has a sliding guide component for guiding the traction rope 19; for details, refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 3The guide component includes a rope clamp 17 slidably mounted on the guide rope 16, a guide pulley 18 rotatably mounted on the rope clamp 17, and a traction rope 19 wound around the corresponding guide pulley 18; the position of the rope clamp 17 on the guide rope 16 can be locked by bolts. Both the guide rope 16 and the traction rope 19 are steel wire ropes.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 The sidewalls of the pipe gallery pit are provided with support piles 27, and at least three sets of H-beams 12 are provided in the support piles 27. Each set of H-beams 12 consists of two H-beams 12, and the two H-beams 12 in each set are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the pit. The ends of the guide ropes 16 and the winches 8 can be detachably connected to the corresponding H-beams 12.

[0052] During construction, the upper soil layer of the foundation pit is first excavated using machinery to expose the reserved soil layer 28 at the bottom of the pit. The cement on the surface of the sidewall support piles 27 of the foundation pit is then chiseled away to expose the flanges 13 of the H-beams 12. Guide ropes 16 are arranged at both ends along the length of the foundation pit, and the two ends of the guide ropes 16 are connected to the corresponding H-beams 12. Rope clamps 17 are installed on the guide ropes 16. The winch 8 is installed on the H-beams 12. A traction rope 19 is connected to the bulldozer blade, and the free end of the traction rope 19 is passed through the corresponding guide pulley 18 and connected to the output end of the winch 8. The rope clamp 17 is slid along the guide rope 16 to a suitable position, and then the rope clamp 17 is fixed to the guide rope 16.

[0053] During excavation, the winch 8 drives the corresponding traction rope 19 to wind or unwind, thereby driving the bulldozer blade to move along the length of the pipe gallery foundation pit, and the blade 20 cuts the soil. Compared with manual excavation and leveling of the bottom soil layer of the foundation pit, the excavation efficiency of this application is high and the disturbance to the original soil of the foundation is small.

[0054] This application sets the fixing points of the earthmoving excavation device on the support piles 27 with H-beams 12. The strength of the support piles 27 ensures the stability and reliability of the support points. Since each support point is located on the side wall of the foundation pit, the earthmoving excavation device occupies less space inside the foundation pit, which facilitates construction within the foundation pit. Because the support piles 27 on the side wall of the foundation pit typically contain multiple spaced H-beams 12, it is convenient to adjust the installation positions of the guide rope 16 and the winch 8 according to construction needs, which helps to improve the flexibility of the device layout and the efficiency of construction.

[0055] Sliding the rope clamp 17 along the guide rope 16 can change the position of the guide pulley 18, thereby adjusting the traction direction of the traction rope 19, and thus adjusting the shoveling path of the bulldozer blade, so as to achieve full coverage of the trench cleaning area at the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0056] Reference Figure 3A first connecting assembly for connecting the end of the guide rope 16 and the corresponding H-beam 12 is provided. Specifically, the first connecting assembly includes two U-shaped plates 15 arranged opposite each other, which are detachably connected to both sides of the flange 13 of the H-beam 12 by crimping bolts 2 and crimping nuts 4, respectively. A first connecting member for connecting the two U-shaped plates 15 is provided between them, which includes a tie bolt 10 and a tie nut 3, and the end of the guide rope 16 is fixed to the tie bolt 10 by a wire rope clamp.

[0057] During installation, thread the crimping bolt 2 onto the crimping nut 4 on the U-shaped plate 15, so that the end of the crimping bolt 2 abuts against the U-shaped plate 15, thereby fixing the two U-shaped plates 15 to both sides of the flange 13 of the H-beam 12 respectively. Then connect the tie bolt 10 between the two U-shaped plates 15, and then connect the end of the guide rope 16 to the tie bolt 10, so that the guide rope 16 is tensioned, completing the connection between the guide rope 16 and the H-beam 12.

[0058] Since the support piles 27 of the foundation pit sidewall typically include multiple spaced H-beams 12, the guide rope 16 can be fixed to the H-beams 12 at appropriate positions according to construction needs, thus improving the flexibility of the equipment layout. At the same time, by adjusting the installation position of the U-shaped plate 15 on the H-beams 12, the installation height of the guide rope 16 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the thickness of the soil cut by the bulldozer blade.

[0059] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The winch 8 is fixedly connected to a mounting base 9, and a second connecting assembly is provided between the mounting base 9 and the corresponding H-beam 12 for connecting the two. Specifically, there are two second connecting assemblies, each of which includes a connecting seat and a U-shaped seat 1 fixed to the upper and lower ends of the connecting seat; wherein, the connecting seat includes a base plate 5, a support plate 7, and a diagonal brace 6 fixed between the base plate 5 and the support plate 7.

[0060] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 The U-shaped seat 1 is detachably connected to the flange 13 of the H-beam 12 by crimping bolts 2 and crimping nuts 4. The U-shaped seats 1 on the two connecting seats are arranged opposite to each other, and a second connecting member is provided between them for connecting the two. The second connecting member includes tie bolts 10 and tie nuts 3. The mounting seat 9 is detachably connected to the base plate 5 by fixing bolts 11.

[0061] Install the mounting base 9 onto the connecting base, then install the U-shaped seat 1 on the connecting base onto the wing plate 13 of the H-beam 12, and finally connect the U-shaped seats 1 on the two connecting bases one by one with the tie bolts 10 to complete the fixing of the winch 8 on the H-beam 12.

[0062] Since the support piles 27 of the foundation pit sidewall typically include multiple spaced H-beams 12, the winch 8 can be fixed to the H-beams 12 at appropriate positions according to construction needs, thus improving the flexibility of the equipment layout. The installation height of the winch 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the U-shaped seat 1 on the H-beams 12.

[0063] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The bulldozer blade includes a stabilizing plate 22 that is slidably installed at the bottom of the pit, and an arc-shaped blade 20 that is fixed to the upper end face of the stabilizing plate 22 by a flat-head bolt 26. The blade 20 has a cutting edge 25 on the side near the bottom of the pit.

[0064] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 Two traction bows 24 are fixedly attached to one side of the blade body 20 near the stabilizing plate 22, and the two traction bows 24 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the blade body 20. Two traction hooks 23 for connecting traction ropes 19 are fixedly attached to the stabilizing plate 22. A connecting plate 29 is connected between the ends of the two traction bows 24. The connecting plate 29 has multiple adjustment holes 30 for the traction ropes 19 to pass through, and the multiple adjustment holes 30 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the vertical direction.

[0065] When installing the traction ropes 19, one traction rope 19 is connected to the stabilizing plate 22 via the traction hook 23, and the other traction rope 19 is connected to the traction bow 24 via the connecting plate 29. During the excavation process, the traction rope 19 connected to the traction bow 24 is wound up, and the traction rope 19 connected to the stabilizing plate 22 is unwound, thereby driving the bulldozer blade forward along the length of the pit. As the bulldozer blade moves forward, the blade 25 cuts the soil, and the stabilizing plate 22 stabilizes and balances the blade 20. This is to assist the bulldozer blade in moving smoothly. (Refer to...) Figure 7 and Figure 8 A handrail 21 is also fixed to the stabilizing plate 22.

[0066] Both the blade body 20 and the traction bow 24 have a certain degree of elasticity and can be made of elastic stainless steel. By passing the traction rope 19 at the front end of the bulldozer blade through different adjustment holes 30, the curvature of the traction bow 24 can be changed, thereby adjusting the curvature of the blade body 20 and thus the thickness of the soil cut by the blade body 20.

[0067] The implementation principle of the excavation device for the bottom soil layer of the foundation pit according to the embodiment of this application is as follows: During construction, the upper soil layer of the foundation pit is first excavated by machinery to expose the reserved soil layer 28 at the bottom of the foundation pit; the cement on the surface of the side wall support piles 27 of the foundation pit is chiseled open to expose the wing plate 13 of the H-beam 12; guide ropes 16 are arranged at both ends of the foundation pit in the length direction, and rope clamps 17 are installed on the guide ropes 16. The winch 8 is installed on the corresponding H-beam 12; the traction rope 19 is connected to the bulldozer blade, and the free end of the traction rope 19 is connected to the winch 8 through the guide pulley 18; the rope clamp 17 is slid along the guide rope 16 to a suitable position, and then the rope clamp 17 is fixed to the guide rope 16; when shoveling soil, the winch 8 drives the corresponding traction rope 19 to wind up or unwind, thereby driving the bulldozer blade to move along the length direction of the pipe gallery foundation pit and shovel soil. Compared to manual excavation and leveling of the soil at the bottom of the foundation pit, the soil removal efficiency of this application is high and the disturbance to the original soil of the foundation is small.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] This application discloses a method for excavating the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit, using a foundation pit bottom soil layer excavation device disclosed in Embodiment 1. The method includes the following steps:

[0070] Mechanical excavation: Mechanical excavation is used to excavate the upper soil layer of the foundation pit, exposing the reserved soil layer 28 at the bottom of the foundation pit. The distance between the reserved soil layer 28 and the bottom elevation of the foundation pit is 150mm to 300mm.

[0071] Equipment preparation: Chisel away the cement on the surface of the sidewall support piles 27 of the foundation pit to expose the flanges 13 of the H-beams 12; arrange guide ropes 16 at both ends of the foundation pit along its length, and connect the two ends of the guide ropes 16 to the H-beams 12 on both sides of the foundation pit, and install rope clamps 17 on the guide ropes 16; connect the traction rope 19 to the bulldozer blade, and connect the free end of the traction rope 19 through the guide pulley 18 and connect it to the output end of the winch 8; install the winch 8 on the corresponding H-beams 12.

[0072] Leveling the bottom of the foundation pit: Slide the rope clamp 17 along the guide rope 16 to a suitable position and then fix it. Drive the corresponding traction rope 19 to wind or unwind by the winch 8, thereby driving the bulldozer blade to move along the length of the pipe gallery foundation pit and shovel soil. Adjust the shoveling path by changing the position of the rope clamp 17 on the guide rope 16. After completing the shoveling operation at the bottom of the foundation pit, use transportation machinery to transport the shoveled soil away.

[0073] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for excavating the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit, characterized in that: include: The bulldozer blade is slidably mounted at the bottom of the pipe gallery foundation pit for shoveling soil. The bulldozer blade includes a stabilizing plate slidably disposed at the bottom of the pit and an arc-shaped blade fixed to the upper surface of the stabilizing plate. The blade has a cutting edge on the side near the bottom of the pit, and a traction bow is fixed to the blade. Two traction ropes are connected to the front and rear ends of the bulldozer blade, respectively, and the two traction ropes are connected to the stabilizing plate and the traction bow, respectively; Two traction components are located on both sides of the bulldozer blade's travel path, respectively, for winding or unwinding the corresponding traction rope and driving the bulldozer blade to travel along the length of the pipe gallery pit; Two guide ropes are located at the two ends of the bulldozer blade's travel path, and both guide ropes are parallel to the width direction of the pipe gallery foundation pit; Two guide members are slidably disposed on the corresponding guide ropes to guide the traction ropes; each guide member includes a rope clamp slidably disposed on the guide rope, a guide pulley is rotatably disposed on the rope clamp, and the traction rope is wound around the corresponding guide pulley; The sidewalls of the pipe gallery foundation pit are equipped with support piles, and at least three sets of H-beams are installed inside the support piles. Each set of H-beams consists of two H-beams, and the two H-beams in each set are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the foundation pit. The ends of the guide ropes and the traction components can be detachably connected to the corresponding H-beams.

2. The excavation device for the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting component is provided between the end of the guide rope and the corresponding H-beam for connecting the two.

3. The excavation device for the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first connecting assembly includes two U-shaped plates, which are detachably connected to both sides of the H-shaped steel wing plate. A first connecting member is provided between the two U-shaped plates to connect them, and the end of the guide rope is fixed to the first connecting member.

4. The excavation device for the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction component is a winch, and the end of the traction rope away from the bulldozer blade is connected to the output end of the winch. The winch is fixedly connected to a mounting base, and a second connecting component for connecting the two is provided between the mounting base and the corresponding H-beam.

5. The excavation device for the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second connecting component is provided in two parts. Each second connecting component includes a connecting seat and a U-shaped seat fixed to the upper and lower ends of the connecting seat. The U-shaped seat is detachably connected to the H-shaped steel wing plate. A second connecting member for connecting the two U-shaped seats is provided between the two connecting seats. The mounting seat is detachably connected to the connecting seat.

6. The excavation device for the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction bow is configured as two, and the two traction bows are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the blade body. The traction bow is equipped with an adjustment component for adjusting the curvature of the blade body.

7. The excavation device for the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjusting component includes a connecting plate fixed between the ends of the two traction bows. The connecting plate has multiple adjusting holes for the traction rope to pass through, and the multiple adjusting holes are arranged at intervals in a vertical direction.

8. A method for excavating the soil layer at the bottom of a foundation pit, characterized in that: The excavation device for the bottom soil layer of a foundation pit according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: Mechanical excavation: Mechanical excavation is used to excavate the upper soil layer of the foundation pit, exposing the reserved soil layer at the bottom of the foundation pit; Equipment preparation: Chisel away the cement on the surface of the sidewall support piles of the foundation pit to expose the flanges of the H-beams; arrange guide ropes at both ends of the foundation pit along its length, and connect the two ends of the guide ropes to the H-beams on both sides of the foundation pit; install guide components on the guide ropes; connect traction ropes to the bulldozer blades; pass the free end of the traction rope through the guide components and connect it to the traction components; install the traction components on the corresponding H-beams. Leveling the bottom of the foundation pit: Slide the guide along the guide rope to a suitable position and then fix it. Drive the corresponding traction rope to wind up or unwind through the traction device, thereby driving the bulldozer blade to move along the length of the pipe gallery foundation pit and shovel soil.

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