Laser high-pressure airflow hole expanding device

Abstract

The application provides a laser high-pressure airflow reaming device for reaming a straight hole on surrounding rock, comprising a drill rod structure and a laser assembly and an airflow assembly arranged on the drill rod structure; the laser assembly comprises a laser generator and a laser emitter, laser emitted by the laser generator is transmitted to a lens of the laser emitter and is reflected to a surrounding rock to form a laser irradiation point through the lens; the airflow assembly comprises an air pump and an airflow dispersing device, high-pressure gas output by the air pump is dispersed to the laser irradiation point and the lens of the laser emitter through the airflow dispersing device. The application sets the laser assembly on the drill rod structure to melt the surrounding rock before reaming, thereby reducing the working difficulty in the reaming process; sets the airflow assembly on the drill rod structure to ream through high-pressure airflow; reams the surrounding rock through cooperation of the laser assembly and the airflow assembly, so that the device has the characteristics of high hole forming efficiency and durable accessories.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically relating to a laser high-pressure airflow hole expansion device. Background Technology

[0002] Anchor bolts are an important auxiliary tool in tunnel engineering, but anchor bolt failure is not uncommon. A major cause of anchor bolt failure is the failure of the bonding between the grout and the surrounding rock. Enlarged-hole anchor bolts are a type of consolidation and reinforcement device used in tunnel engineering. They can enhance the stability of the foundation and improve the safety of tunnel projects.

[0003] Currently available hole reaming devices are mainly mechanical reaming, which has low hole-forming efficiency in hard rock and causes severe wear on the drill bit. Therefore, finding a hole reaming method with high hole-forming efficiency and durable parts is an urgent problem to be solved in engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a laser high-pressure airflow hole enlargement device for enlarging straight holes in surrounding rock, including a drill rod structure and a laser component and an airflow component disposed on the drill rod structure;

[0005] The drill rod structure includes a main body, a drill rod connected to the main body, a laser transmission channel and a high-pressure gas channel disposed on the drill rod, and the laser transmission channel and the high-pressure gas channel both extend along the central axis of the drill rod.

[0006] The laser assembly includes a laser generator and a laser emitter. The laser generator is mounted on the main body, and the laser emitter is mounted on the drill rod. The laser emitted by the laser generator is transmitted to the lens of the laser emitter through a laser transmission channel. The lens of the laser emitter is used to reflect the laser onto the surrounding rock to form a laser irradiation point.

[0007] The airflow assembly includes an air pump and an airflow dispersion device; the air pump is mounted on the main body; the airflow dispersion device is mounted on the drill rod and is located on the side of the laser emitter away from the main body. The high-pressure gas output by the air pump is delivered to the airflow dispersion device through a high-pressure gas channel. The airflow dispersion device is used to disperse the high-pressure gas to the laser irradiation point and the lens of the laser emitter.

[0008] Optionally, the drill rod is provided with a first mounting hole for installing a laser emitter. The central axis of the first mounting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the drill rod. The laser emitter is installed in the first mounting hole and extends between the drill rod and the surrounding rock.

[0009] Optionally, the drill rod is provided with a second mounting hole for installing an airflow dispersion device. The central axis of the second mounting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the drill rod. The airflow dispersion device is installed in the second mounting hole and extends between the drill rod and the surrounding rock.

[0010] Optionally, the airflow dispersion device includes a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel. One end of the first airflow channel and the second airflow channel are connected to a high-pressure gas channel. The other end of the first airflow channel extends toward the laser irradiation point, and the other end of the second airflow channel extends toward the lens of the laser emitter.

[0011] Optionally, adjustable components for adjusting the airflow direction are provided at the ends of the first and second airflow channels away from the high-pressure gas channel.

[0012] Optionally, the adjustable component includes a guide vane assembly and a drive assembly;

[0013] The guide vane assembly includes a first guide vane, a second guide vane, and a third guide vane arranged at intervals between each other;

[0014] The drive assembly includes a gear, a rack, a linkage, and a drive component for driving the gear to rotate.

[0015] The two ends of the rack are respectively connected to the ends of the first guide vane and the second guide vane near the outlet end of the first airflow channel or the outlet end of the second airflow channel. The two ends of the linkage rod are respectively connected to the ends of the second guide vane and the third guide vane near the outlet end of the first airflow channel or the outlet end of the second airflow channel. The other ends of the first guide vane, the second guide vane and the third guide vane away from the outlet end of the first airflow channel or the outlet end of the second airflow channel are all hinged to the inner wall of the first airflow channel or the second airflow channel.

[0016] Optionally, the third guide vane and the linkage rod are provided with multiple parts arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0017] In addition to the above structure, the laser high-pressure airflow orifice expansion device also includes a laser transmission adjustment system. The laser transmission adjustment system is set on the laser transmission channel and between the laser generator and the laser emitter, and is used to adjust the laser intensity of the laser beam emitted by the laser generator.

[0018] In addition to the above structure, the laser high-pressure airflow orifice expansion device also includes a high-pressure gas controller, which is disposed on the high-pressure gas channel and between the air pump and the airflow dispersion device, and is used to adjust the airflow intensity of the high-pressure airflow output by the air pump.

[0019] Optionally, the drill pipe is also provided with a bearing for fixing to the surrounding rock, and a baffle plate is provided on the side of the bearing near the working face of the drill pipe.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This invention reduces the difficulty of hole reaming by installing a laser component on the drill rod structure to melt the surrounding rock before hole reaming; it also reduces the difficulty of hole reaming by installing an airflow component on the drill rod structure to ream the hole with high-pressure airflow; and it achieves high hole formation efficiency and durable components by cooperating with the laser component and the airflow component to ream the surrounding rock.

[0022] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser high-pressure airflow orifice expansion device in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the adjustable component.

[0026] in:

[0027] 1. Laser generator; 2. Laser transmission adjustment system; 3. Air pump; 4. High-pressure gas controller; 5. Main body; 6. Laser transmission channel; 7. High-pressure gas channel; 8. Drill rod; 9. Airflow dispersion device; 10. Laser emitter; 11. Barrier plate; 12. Bearing; 13. Adjustable component; 13.1. First guide vane; 13.2. Second guide vane; 13.3. Third guide vane; 13.4. Gear; 13.5. Rack; 13.6. Linkage rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings of the present invention are all in a simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in illustrating the implementation of the present invention; the "several" mentioned in the present invention are not limited to the specific number shown in the examples in the accompanying drawings; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "front," "middle," "rear," "left," "right," "up," "down," "top," "bottom," and "center" mentioned in the present invention are all based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, nor should they be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0029] Example:

[0030] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the laser high-pressure airflow hole enlargement device provided by the present invention is used to enlarge straight holes in surrounding rock, and specifically includes a drill rod structure and a laser component and an airflow component disposed on the drill rod structure;

[0031] The drill rod structure includes a main body 5, a drill rod 8 connected to the main body 5, a laser transmission channel 6 and a high-pressure gas channel 7 disposed on the drill rod 8, and the laser transmission channel 6 and the high-pressure gas channel 7 are both extended along the central axis of the drill rod 8.

[0032] The laser assembly includes a laser generator 1 and a laser emitter 10. The laser generator 1 is mounted on the main body 5, and the laser emitter 10 is mounted on the drill rod 8. The laser emitted by the laser generator 1 is transmitted to the lens of the laser emitter 10 through the laser transmission channel 6. The lens of the laser emitter 10 is used to reflect the laser onto the surrounding rock to form a laser irradiation point, which heats the surrounding rock and causes it to melt.

[0033] The airflow assembly includes an air pump 3 and an airflow dispersion device 9. The air pump 3 is mounted on the main body 5. The airflow dispersion device 9 is mounted on the drill rod 8 and is located on the side of the laser emitter 10 away from the main body 5. The high-pressure gas output by the air pump 3 is delivered to the airflow dispersion device 9 through the high-pressure gas channel 7. The airflow dispersion device 9 is used to disperse the high-pressure gas to the laser irradiation point (for blowing the molten magma away from the surrounding rock surface) and the lens of the laser emitter 10 (for preventing the molten magma from falling onto the lens).

[0034] Preferably, the drill rod 8 is provided with a first mounting hole for mounting the laser emitter 10. The central axis of the first mounting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the drill rod 8. The laser emitter 10 is mounted in the first mounting hole and extends between the drill rod 8 and the surrounding rock.

[0035] Preferably, the drill rod 8 is provided with a second mounting hole for installing the airflow dispersion device 9. The central axis of the second mounting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the drill rod 8. The airflow dispersion device 9 is installed in the second mounting hole and extends between the drill rod 8 and the surrounding rock.

[0036] Preferably, the airflow dispersion device 9 includes a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel. One end of the first airflow channel and the second airflow channel are connected to the high-pressure gas channel 7. The other end of the first airflow channel extends toward the laser irradiation point, and the other end of the second airflow channel extends toward the lens of the laser emitter 10.

[0037] Further preferably, in order to facilitate the airflow dispersion device 9 to accurately transmit the high-pressure airflow to the laser irradiation point and the lens, an adjustable component 13 for adjusting the airflow direction is provided at the end of the first airflow channel and the second airflow channel away from the high-pressure gas channel 7. More preferably, the adjustable component 13 includes a guide vane assembly and a drive assembly; the guide vane assembly includes a first guide vane 13.1, a second guide vane 13.2, and a third guide vane 13.3 arranged at intervals; the drive assembly includes a gear 13.4, a rack 13.5, a linkage rod 13.6, and a drive component for driving the gear 13.4 to rotate; the two ends of the rack 13.5 are respectively connected to one end of the first guide vane 13.1 and the second guide vane 13.2 near the outlet end of the first airflow channel or the outlet end of the second airflow channel; the two ends of the linkage rod 13.6 are respectively connected to one end of the second guide vane 13.2 and the third guide vane 13.3 near the outlet end of the first airflow channel or the outlet end of the second airflow channel; the other ends of the first guide vane 13.1, the second guide vane 13.2, and the third guide vane 13.3 away from the outlet end of the first airflow channel or the outlet end of the second airflow channel are all hinged to the inner wall of the first airflow channel or the second airflow channel. Specifically, the third guide vane 13.3 and the linkage rod 13.6 can be configured in multiple corresponding parts according to the angle adjustment requirements or airflow adjustment requirements.

[0038] In addition to the above structure, the laser high-pressure airflow orifice expansion device also includes a laser transmission adjustment system 2. The laser transmission adjustment system 2 is disposed on the laser transmission channel 6 and between the laser generator 1 and the laser emitter 10, and is used to adjust the laser intensity of the laser beam emitted by the laser generator 1. Specifically, the specific structure, control circuit, and control method of the laser transmission adjustment system 2 are based on existing technologies.

[0039] In addition to the above-described structure, the laser high-pressure airflow orifice expansion device also includes a high-pressure gas controller 4. The high-pressure gas controller 4 is disposed on the high-pressure gas channel 7 and between the air pump 3 and the airflow dispersion device 9, and is used to adjust the airflow intensity of the high-pressure airflow output by the air pump 3. Specifically, the specific structure, control circuit, and control method of the high-pressure gas controller 4 are based on existing technologies.

[0040] In addition to the above structure, the laser high-pressure airflow hole expansion device is also equipped with a bearing 12 on the drill rod 8 for fixing with the surrounding rock, and a baffle plate 11 is also provided on the side of the bearing 12 near the working surface of the drill rod 8. The baffle plate 11 prevents the lava generated by the drill rod 8 during operation from entering the bearing 12, thereby causing the bearing 12 to jam.

[0041] The specific process of using the laser high-pressure airflow borehole enlargement device provided by this invention for tunnel borehole enlargement is as follows:

[0042] Step 1: Drill a straight hole using a conventional drilling rig;

[0043] Step 2: Install the laser high-pressure airflow hole enlargement device described above into the straight hole drilled using ordinary drilling, and drive the laser high-pressure airflow hole enlargement device to reach the designated position for the first hole enlargement, and drive the laser high-pressure airflow hole enlargement device to perform hole enlargement operation to form the first enlarged hole;

[0044] Step 3: Drive the laser high-pressure airflow hole-expanding device to move closer to the opening of the straight hole. After reaching the designated position, drive the laser high-pressure airflow hole-expanding device to perform hole-expanding operation to form a second expanded hole.

[0045] Step 4: Repeat step 3 until the hole enlargement is complete.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser high-pressure airflow hole-expanding device for expanding straight holes in surrounding rock, characterized in that, Includes a drill pipe structure and laser and airflow components mounted on the drill pipe structure; The drill rod structure includes a main body (5), a drill rod (8) connected to the main body (5), a laser transmission channel (6) and a high-pressure gas channel (7) provided on the drill rod (8), and the laser transmission channel (6) and the high-pressure gas channel (7) are both extended along the central axis of the drill rod (8); The laser assembly includes a laser generator (1) and a laser emitter (10). The laser generator (1) is mounted on the main body (5), and the laser emitter (10) is mounted on the drill rod (8). The laser emitted by the laser generator (1) is transmitted to the lens of the laser emitter (10) through the laser transmission channel (6). The lens of the laser emitter (10) is used to reflect the laser onto the surrounding rock to form a laser irradiation point. The airflow assembly includes an air pump (3) and an airflow dispersion device (9); the air pump (3) is mounted on the main body (5); the airflow dispersion device (9) is mounted on the drill rod (8) and is located on the side of the laser emitter (10) away from the main body (5). The high-pressure gas output by the air pump (3) is transported to the airflow dispersion device (9) through the high-pressure gas channel (7). The airflow dispersion device (9) is used to disperse the high-pressure gas to the laser irradiation point and the lens of the laser emitter (10). The drill rod (8) is provided with a second mounting hole for installing an airflow dispersion device (9). The central axis of the second mounting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the drill rod (8). The airflow dispersion device (9) is installed in the second mounting hole and extends between the drill rod (8) and the surrounding rock. The airflow dispersion device (9) includes a first airflow channel and a second airflow channel. One end of the first airflow channel and the second airflow channel are connected to the high-pressure gas channel (7). The other end of the first airflow channel extends toward the laser irradiation point, and the other end of the second airflow channel extends toward the lens of the laser emitter (10). An adjustable component (13) for adjusting the airflow direction is provided at the end of the first airflow channel and the second airflow channel away from the high-pressure gas channel (7). The adjustable component (13) includes a guide vane assembly and a drive assembly; The guide vane assembly includes a first guide vane (13.1), a second guide vane (13.2), and a third guide vane (13.3) arranged at intervals between each other. The drive assembly includes a gear (13.4), a rack (13.5), a linkage (13.6), and a drive component for driving the gear (13.4) to rotate; The two ends of the rack (13.5) are respectively connected to the ends of the first guide vane (13.1) and the second guide vane (13.2) near the outlet end of the first airflow channel or the outlet end of the second airflow channel. The two ends of the linkage rod (13.6) are respectively connected to the ends of the second guide vane (13.2) and the third guide vane (13.3) near the outlet end of the first airflow channel or the outlet end of the second airflow channel. The other ends of the first guide vane (13.1), the second guide vane (13.2) and the third guide vane (13.3) away from the outlet end of the first airflow channel or the outlet end of the second airflow channel are all hinged to the inner wall of the first airflow channel or the second airflow channel.

2. The laser high-pressure airflow aperture expansion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill rod (8) is provided with a first mounting hole for mounting a laser emitter (10). The central axis of the first mounting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the drill rod (8). The laser emitter (10) is mounted in the first mounting hole and extends between the drill rod (8) and the surrounding rock.

3. The laser high-pressure airflow aperture expansion device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third guide vane (13.3) and the linkage rod (13.6) are provided with multiple parts arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. The laser high-pressure airflow aperture expansion device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes a laser transmission adjustment system (2), which is set on the laser transmission channel (6) and between the laser generator (1) and the laser emitter (10), and is used to adjust the laser intensity of the laser beam emitted by the laser generator (1).

5. The laser high-pressure airflow orifice expansion device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a high-pressure gas controller (4), which is located on the high-pressure gas channel (7) and between the air pump (3) and the airflow dispersion device (9), and is used to adjust the airflow intensity of the high-pressure airflow output by the air pump (3).

6. The laser high-pressure airflow orifice expansion device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drill rod (8) is also provided with a bearing (12) for fixing to the surrounding rock, and a baffle plate (11) is provided on the side of the bearing (12) near the working face of the drill rod (8).

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