A self-driven boring machine

Abstract

The application discloses a self-driving boring machine in the field of boring equipment, which comprises a main shaft box body, a main shaft sliding sleeve is rotatably arranged in the main shaft box body, an axially movable central main shaft is coaxially arranged in the main shaft sliding sleeve, a transmission key is arranged between the central main shaft and the main shaft sliding sleeve, the front end of the central main shaft extends out of the main shaft box body and is connected with a boring cutter, the rear end of the central main shaft extends backward and is coaxially arranged with a feed nut, a screw rod is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the feed nut, a plug hole for accommodating the screw rod is formed in the middle of the central main shaft, the rear end of the screw rod extends backward and is coaxially arranged with a mounting shaft, the mounting shaft is rotatably supported on the main shaft box body, the rear end of the mounting shaft extends out of the main shaft box body, and the mounting shaft is in transmission connection with a rotary driving mechanism two. The application can realize differential working feeding through the speed difference between the rotating speed of the main shaft and the rotating speed of the screw rod, and realizes rapid feeding and rapid return through manual rotation of the screw rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of boring equipment, and specifically relates to a self-driven boring machine. Background Technology

[0002] A boring machine is a machine tool that primarily uses a boring bar to bore pre-drilled holes in a workpiece. Typically, the rotation of the boring bar is the primary motion, while the movement of the boring bar or workpiece is the feed motion. It is mainly used for machining high-precision holes or for finishing multiple holes in a single positioning operation. Additionally, it can be used to machine other surfaces related to hole finishing.

[0003] In the current technology, the boring tool rotation motion and the axial feed movement of the boring tool or workpiece of the current boring machine require two separate power transmission systems. The problem is that the structure is complex, the efficiency is low, the cost is high, and it is impossible to achieve rapid feed and rapid return. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-driven boring machine that can achieve differential feed by using the speed difference between the spindle speed and the lead screw speed, and achieve rapid feed and rapid return by manually rotating the lead screw.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A self-driven boring machine includes a spindle housing, inside which a spindle sleeve is rotatably mounted. The spindle sleeve is connected to a rotary drive mechanism. A central spindle that can move axially is coaxially mounted inside the spindle sleeve. A drive key is provided between the central spindle and the spindle sleeve. The front end of the central spindle extends out of the spindle housing and is connected to a boring tool. The rear end of the central spindle extends rearward and is coaxially mounted with a feed nut. A lead screw is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the feed nut. A corresponding insertion hole for inserting the lead screw is opened in the middle of the central spindle. The front end of the lead screw extends forward and is coaxially inserted into the insertion hole. The outer circumference of the lead screw is clearance-fitted with the insertion hole. The rear end of the lead screw extends rearward and is coaxially mounted with a mounting shaft. The mounting shaft is rotatably supported on the spindle housing. The rear end of the mounting shaft extends out of the spindle housing and is connected to the rotary drive mechanism.

[0006] In operation, the motor rotates, driving the motor wheel, the pulley, the worm gear, the worm wheel, and the spindle sleeve. The spindle sleeve drives the central spindle to rotate via a stepped key, and the boring tool achieves the main rotational motion. Simultaneously, the spindle rotation drives the feed nut to rotate, and the spindle sleeve also drives the large gear 1 to rotate, which in turn drives the small gear 1 to rotate. The transmission shaft drives the small gear 2 to rotate, which in turn drives the large gear 2 to rotate. When the electromagnetic clutch is energized, it drives the lead screw to rotate, creating a speed difference between the central spindle and the lead screw. The feed nut moves axially relative to the lead screw, and the boring tool at the front end of the central spindle achieves axial feed motion. The lead screw and the mounting shaft are integrated, and the lead screw remains stationary axially. The speed difference between the central spindle and the lead screw multiplied by the lead screw lead equals the feed amount, achieving differential feed. When the electromagnetic clutch is not energized, the large gear 2 idles on the mounting shaft, and the lead screw is not driven to rotate. When rapid feed and retraction of the boring tool are required, the motor and electromagnetic clutch are de-energized. The rear end of the lead screw mounting shaft is manually rotated, and the amount of movement per revolution of the lead screw equals the lead screw lead. The feed nut moves axially, driving the boring tool to achieve rapid feed and retraction. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are: high structural strength and rigidity, simple structure, high power (capable of large depth of cut and large feed), high efficiency, and economic practicality. A key feature is the use of a single motor to simultaneously realize the rotational motion of the central spindle and the feed motion.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spindle housing includes a horizontal top plate and a bottom plate corresponding to each other. A front plate, a rear plate, a left side plate and a right side plate forming a rectangle are provided between the top plate and the bottom plate. A partition is provided parallel between the front plate and the rear plate. The partition is fixed to the inner wall of the spindle housing around its perimeter.

[0008] To improve the sealing performance of bearing housing 1 and prevent the spindle sleeve from moving back and forth, through holes are provided on both the front plate and the partition plate. Bearing housing 1 and bearing housing 2 are installed on the front plate and the partition plate respectively corresponding to the through holes. Both bearing housing 1 and bearing housing 2 are equipped with tapered bearings. The inner circumference of the tapered bearings corresponds to the outer circumference of the spindle sleeve. A pressure cap 1 is fixed to the front end of bearing housing 1. Pressure cap 1 is located outside the spindle housing. An outer sealing ring and an inner sealing ring are provided inside bearing housing 1 between the tapered bearing and pressure cap 1. An outer step is provided at the front end of the spindle sleeve to block the outer sealing ring. A sealing ring 1 is provided between the outer step and the inner wall of the center cover hole of pressure cap 1. A pressure cap 2 is fixed to the rear end of bearing housing 2. A spacer 1 is provided between the inner wall of the center cover hole of pressure cap 2 and the outer circumference of the spindle sleeve. A sealing ring 2 is fitted on the outer circumference of spacer 1 corresponding to the center cover hole of pressure cap 2. A locking nut is fitted at the rear end of the spindle sleeve. Spacer 1 is located between the locking nut and the corresponding tapered bearing. Bearing housing 1 and bearing housing 2 are separate units. The two half-shells of bearing housing 1 and bearing housing 2 are located on the front and rear sides of the front plate and the partition plate, respectively. Bearing housing 1 and bearing housing 2 are provided with corresponding through holes.

[0009] To drive the spindle sleeve to rotate, the rotary drive mechanism includes a motor mounted on the top of the spindle housing. A worm gear is rotatably mounted inside the spindle housing along its width. One end of the worm gear extends out of the spindle housing and is fitted with a pulley. A motor wheel at the motor output end is connected to the pulley via a V-belt. A worm wheel is fitted around the outer circumference of the active sleeve via a key, and the worm wheel is connected to the worm gear. The rotation of the motor drives the motor wheel, the pulley, the worm gear, the worm wheel, and ultimately, the spindle sleeve to rotate.

[0010] To enable the transmission key to both rotate the central spindle and allow it to move axially within the spindle sleeve, two spaced-apart spindle bushings are coaxially arranged on the inner wall of the spindle sleeve. These bushings are fitted around the outer circumference of the central spindle. The transmission key is a stepped key. A keyway 1, matching the upper key body of the stepped key, is formed on the spindle sleeve. A keyway 2, corresponding to the lower key body of the stepped key, is formed on the outer circumference of the central spindle. The length of keyway 2 is greater than the length of the lower key body, which in turn is greater than the length of keyway 1. The upper key body is engaged in keyway 1, and the lower key body is positioned within keyway 2. The front end of the central spindle extends out of the spindle sleeve and is fitted with a spindle sleeve. A tool holder passes through the spindle sleeve from the side and is inserted into the central spindle. A bolt for clamping the tool holder is threaded onto the front end of the central spindle, and a boring tool is mounted on the tool holder. The transmission key is fixed within keyway 1 of the spindle sleeve, allowing torque to be transmitted to the central spindle via the transmission key. Keyway 2 of the central spindle can move axially relative to the transmission key.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feed nut has a hole one and a hole two respectively at the front and rear ends of the threaded hole. The rear end of the central spindle is inserted into hole one and threadedly connected to the inner wall of hole one. An adjusting nut that is inserted into hole two is threadedly connected to the lead screw. A screw that is radially inserted into the adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the feed nut. Two fixing nuts that press against the end face of the feed nut are threadedly connected to the adjusting nut. The fixing nuts on the outer periphery of the adjusting nut press against the feed nut, which can adjust the gap between the feed nut and the lead screw. The adjusting nut and the feed nut move synchronously.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a through hole is provided on the rear plate, and a bearing housing three is installed on the rear plate corresponding to the through hole. Two deep groove ball bearings with corresponding front and rear ends are arranged in the bearing housing three. A pressure cap three is fixed to the rear end of the bearing housing three. A spacer two is provided in the bearing housing three between the outer rings of the two deep groove ball bearings. The mounting shaft is arranged to pass through the inner rings of the two deep groove ball bearings. A limiting step is provided on the outer circumference of the mounting shaft to block the inner ring of the front deep groove ball bearing. The bearing housing three is a split type, with the two half-shells of the bearing housing three located on the front and rear sides of the rear plate, and the bearing housing three is arranged with corresponding through holes.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the rotary drive mechanism two includes a large gear one fitted around the outer circumference of the main shaft sleeve via a flat key. Spacers three are fitted around the outer circumference of the main shaft sleeve between the inner ring of the front conical bearing and the worm gear, between the worm gear and the large gear one, and between the large gear one and the inner ring of the rear conical bearing. A drive shaft is provided inside the main shaft housing corresponding to the main shaft sleeve. The drive shaft is parallel to the main shaft sleeve, and its front and rear ends are rotatably supported on a partition plate and a rear plate, respectively. A small gear one and a small gear two are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the drive shaft. The small gear one meshes with the large gear one. Two parallel gears are connected to the mounting shaft. A large gear two is rotatably mounted on a deep groove ball bearing. The large gear two is located behind the bearing housing three and meshes with the small gear two. An electromagnetic clutch is also mounted on the mounting shaft behind the large gear two. The large gear two is connected to the electromagnetic clutch through a connecting flange. Spacers four are mounted on the outer circumference of the mounting shaft between the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing at the rear end of the bearing housing three and the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing at the front end of the large gear two, and between the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing at the rear end of the large gear two and the electromagnetic clutch. Spacers five are mounted on the outer circumference of the mounting shaft behind the electromagnetic clutch. Two round nuts that abut against spacers five are threaded onto the mounting shaft. The main spindle sleeve also drives the large gear 1 to rotate, which in turn drives the small gear 1 to rotate. The drive shaft drives the small gear 2 to rotate, which in turn drives the large gear 2 to rotate. When the electromagnetic clutch is energized, it drives the lead screw to rotate, creating a speed difference between the central spindle speed and the lead screw speed. The feed nut moves axially relative to the lead screw, and the boring tool at the front end of the central spindle achieves axial feed movement. The lead screw and the mounting shaft are connected as one unit, and the lead screw does not move axially. The speed difference between the central spindle and the lead screw * the lead screw lead = the feed amount, realizing differential feed. When the electromagnetic clutch is not energized, the large gear 2 rotates freely on the mounting shaft, and the lead screw is not driven to rotate.

[0014] To protect the second large gear, the second small gear, and the electromagnetic clutch, a protective cover is provided at the rear of the main shaft housing corresponding to the second large gear, the second small gear, and the electromagnetic clutch. The mounting shaft extends out of the protective cover, and the round nut at the rear end is located outside the protective cover. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 5 This is the front view of the transmission key.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a top view of the transmission key.

[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Top view.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission key, spindle sleeve, and central spindle.

[0023] The components include: 1. Spindle housing; 1a. Top plate; 1b. Bottom plate; 1c. Front plate; 1d. Rear plate; 1e. Left side plate; 1f. Right side plate; 1g. Partition plate; 2. Spindle sleeve; 2a. Outer step; 3. Central spindle; 4. Transmission key; 4a. Upper key body; 4b. Lower key body; 5. Feed nut; 5a. Hole 1; 5b. Hole 2; 6. Lead screw; 7. Insertion hole; 8. Mounting shaft; 8a. Limiting step; 9. Bearing seat 1; 9a. Pressure cap 1; 10. Bearing seat 2; 10a. Pressure cap 2; 11. Tapered roller bearing; 12. Outer sealing ring; 13. Inner sealing ring; 14. Sealing ring 1; 15. Spacer 1; 16. Sealing ring 2; 17. Locking nut; 1 8. Motor, 18a. Motor wheel, 19. Worm gear, 20. Pulley, 21. V-belt, 22. Worm gear, 23. Spindle bushing, 24. Keyway 1, 25. Keyway 2, 26. Spindle sleeve, 27. Tool holder, 28. Bolt, 29. Adjusting nut, 30. Fixing nut, 31. Screw, 32. Bearing housing 3, 33. Deep groove ball bearing, 34. Pressure cap 3, 35. Spacer 2, 36. Large gear 1, 37. Spacer 3, 38. Drive shaft, 39. Small gear 1, 40. Small gear 2, 41. Large gear 2, 42. Electromagnetic clutch, 43. Connecting flange, 44. Spacer 4, 45. Spacer 5, 46. Round nut, 47. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0024] like Figure 1-8As shown, a self-driven boring machine includes a spindle housing 1. The spindle housing 1 includes a horizontally corresponding top plate 1a and a bottom plate 1b. Between the top plate 1a and the bottom plate 1b, a front plate 1c, a rear plate 1d, a left side plate 1e, and a right side plate 1f are arranged to form a rectangle. A partition plate 1g is arranged parallel to the front plate 1c and the rear plate 1d. The partition plate 1g is fixed to the inner wall of the spindle housing 1 on all four sides. A spindle sleeve 2 is rotatably installed inside the spindle housing 1. In order to improve the sealing performance of the bearing seat 9 and prevent the spindle sleeve 2 from moving back and forth, through holes are opened on both the front plate 1c and the partition plate 1g. Bearing seat 9 and bearing seat 10 are respectively installed on the front plate 1c and the partition plate 1g corresponding to the through holes. A tapered bearing 11 is installed in both the bearing seat 9 and the bearing seat 10. The inner circumference of the tapered bearing 11 corresponds to the spindle. The outer periphery of the sliding sleeve 2 is provided with a pressure cap 9a fixed at the front end of the bearing housing 1 9. The pressure cap 9a is located outside the spindle housing 1. Inside the bearing housing 1 9, between the tapered bearing 11 and the pressure cap 9a, there are corresponding outer sealing rings 12 and inner sealing rings 13. The front end of the spindle sliding sleeve 2 is provided with an outer step 2a that blocks the outer sealing ring 12. A sealing ring 14 is provided between the outer step 2a and the inner wall of the center cover hole of the pressure cap 9a. The rear end of the bearing housing 2 10 is fixed with a pressure cap 2 10a. A spacer 15 is provided between the inner wall of the center cover hole of the pressure cap 2 10a and the outer periphery of the spindle sliding sleeve 2. A sealing ring 2 16 is fitted on the outer periphery of the spacer 15 corresponding to the center cover hole of the pressure cap 2 10a. A locking nut 17 is fitted on the rear end of the spindle sliding sleeve 2. The spacer 15 is located between the locking nut 17 and the corresponding tapered bearing 11. Bearing housing 1 (9) and bearing housing 2 (10) are separate units. The two half-shells of bearing housing 1 (9) and bearing housing 2 (10) are located on the front and rear sides of the front plate 1c and the partition plate 1g, respectively. Bearing housing 1 (9) and bearing housing 2 (10) are provided with corresponding through holes. The main shaft sleeve 2 is connected to the rotary drive mechanism 1 for transmission. In order to drive the main shaft sleeve 2 to rotate, the rotary drive mechanism 1 includes a motor 18 installed on the top of the main shaft housing 1. A worm gear 19 is rotatably provided inside the main shaft housing 1 along the width direction. One end of the worm gear 19 extends out of the main shaft housing 1 and is equipped with a pulley 20. The motor wheel 18a at the output end of the motor 18 is connected to the pulley 20 through a V-belt 21. A worm wheel 22 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the active sleeve through a flat key. The worm wheel 22 is connected to the worm gear 19 for transmission.The rotation of motor 18 drives motor wheel 18a, pulley 20, worm gear 19, worm wheel 22, and spindle sleeve 2. A central spindle 3 that can move axially is coaxially arranged inside the spindle sleeve 2. A transmission key 4 is provided between the central spindle 3 and the spindle sleeve 2. The front end of the central spindle 3 extends out of the spindle housing 1 and is connected to a boring tool. The rear end of the central spindle 3 extends backward and is coaxially provided with a feed nut 5. A lead screw 6 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the feed nut 5. A corresponding insertion hole 7 is opened in the middle of the central spindle 3 to accommodate the insertion of the lead screw 6. The front end of the lead screw extends forward and is coaxially inserted into the insertion hole 7. The outer circumference of the lead screw 6 is clearance-fitted with the insertion hole 7. The rear end of the lead screw 6 extends backward and is coaxially provided with a mounting shaft 8. The mounting shaft 8 is rotatably supported on the spindle housing 1. The rear end of the mounting shaft 8 extends out of the spindle housing 1 and is connected to the rotary drive mechanism in a two-phase transmission.

[0025] To enable the transmission key 4 to both rotate the central spindle 3 and allow it to move axially within the spindle sleeve 2, two coaxially spaced spindle bushings 23 are provided on the inner wall of the spindle sleeve 2. These bushings 23 are fitted around the outer circumference of the central spindle 3. The transmission key 4 is a stepped key. The spindle sleeve 2 has a keyway 24 that matches the upper key body 4a of the stepped key, and a second keyway 25 corresponding to the lower key body 4b of the stepped key is provided on the outer circumference of the central spindle 3. The length of keyway 25 is greater than the length of the lower key body 4b, and the length of the lower key body 4b is greater than the length of keyway 24. The upper key body 4a is inserted into keyway 24, and the lower key body 4b is set in keyway 25. The front end of the central spindle 3 extends out of the spindle sleeve 2 and is fitted with a spindle sleeve 26. The tool holder 27 passes through the spindle sleeve 26 from the side and is inserted into the interior of the central spindle 3. The front end of the central spindle 3 is threaded with a bolt 28 that clamps the tool holder 27, and the boring tool is set on the tool holder 27. The transmission key 4 is fixed in keyway 24 of the spindle sleeve 2. Through the transmission key 4, the spindle sleeve 2 can transmit torque to the central spindle 3. Keyway 25 of the central spindle 3 can move axially relative to the transmission key 4.

[0026] The feed nut 5 has holes 5a and 5b at its front and rear ends, respectively, located at the threaded ends. The rear end of the central spindle 3 is inserted into hole 5a and threadedly connected to the inner wall of hole 5a. An adjusting nut 29, which is inserted into hole 5b, is threaded onto the lead screw 6. A screw 31, which is radially inserted into the adjusting nut 29, is threaded onto the feed nut 5. Two fixing nuts 30, which press against the end face of the feed nut 5, are threaded onto the adjusting nut 29. The fixing nuts 30 on the outer periphery of the adjusting nut 29 press against the feed nut 5, which can adjust the gap between the feed nut 5 and the lead screw. The adjusting nut 29 and the feed nut 5 move synchronously.

[0027] A through hole is provided on the rear plate 1d, and a bearing housing 32 is installed on the rear plate 1d corresponding to the through hole. Two deep groove ball bearings 33 are installed in the bearing housing 32, one in front and one behind. A pressure cap 34 is fixed to the rear end of the bearing housing 32. A spacer 2 35 is provided in the bearing housing 32 between the outer rings of the two deep groove ball bearings 33. The mounting shaft 8 is set through the inner rings of the two deep groove ball bearings 33. A limiting step 8a is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting shaft 8 to block the inner ring of the front deep groove ball bearing 33. The bearing housing 32 is a split type, with the two half-shells of the bearing housing 32 located on the front and rear sides of the rear plate 1d, and the bearing housing 32 is set with corresponding through holes.

[0028] The second rotary drive mechanism includes a large gear 36 that is fitted around the outer periphery of the main shaft sleeve 2 via a flat key. Spacers 37 are fitted around the outer periphery of the main shaft sleeve 2 between the inner ring of the front tapered bearing 11 and the worm gear 22, between the worm gear 22 and the large gear 36, and between the large gear 36 and the inner ring of the rear tapered bearing 11. A drive shaft 38 is located inside the main shaft housing 1 corresponding to the main shaft sleeve 2. The drive shaft 38 is parallel to the main shaft sleeve 2. The front and rear ends of the drive shaft 38 are rotatably supported on the partition plate 1g and the rear plate 1d, respectively. A small gear 39 and a small gear 40 are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the drive shaft 38. The small gear 39 meshes with the large gear 36. The mounting shaft 8 is rotatable via two parallel deep groove ball bearings 33. The mounting shaft 8 is fitted with a large gear 41, which is located behind the bearing housing 32. The large gear 41 meshes with the small gear 40. An electromagnetic clutch 42 is also fitted on the mounting shaft 8 behind the large gear 41. The large gear 41 is connected to the electromagnetic clutch 42 through a connecting flange 43. Spacers 44 are fitted on the outer periphery of the mounting shaft 8 between the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing 33 at the rear end of the bearing housing 32 and the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing 33 at the front end of the large gear 41, and between the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing 33 at the rear end of the large gear 41 and the electromagnetic clutch 42. Spacers 5 45 are fitted on the outer periphery of the mounting shaft 8 behind the electromagnetic clutch 42. Two round nuts 46 that abut against spacers 5 45 are threaded onto the mounting shaft 8. The main spindle sleeve 2 also drives the large gear 36 to rotate, which in turn drives the small gear 39 to rotate. The transmission shaft 38 drives the small gear 40 to rotate, which in turn drives the large gear 41 to rotate. When the electromagnetic clutch 42 is energized, it drives the lead screw 6 to rotate, creating a speed difference between the central spindle 3 and the lead screw 6. The feed nut 5 moves axially relative to the lead screw 6, and the boring tool at the front end of the central spindle 3 achieves axial feed movement. The lead screw 6 and the mounting shaft 8 are connected as one unit. The lead screw 6 does not move axially. The speed difference between the central spindle 3 and the lead screw 6 * the lead screw 6 lead = the feed amount, realizing differential feed. When the electromagnetic clutch 42 is not energized, the large gear 41 rotates freely on the mounting shaft 8, and the lead screw 6 is not driven to rotate. To protect the large gear 41, the small gear 40, and the electromagnetic clutch 42, a protective cover 47 is provided at the rear of the main shaft housing 1 corresponding to the large gear 41, the small gear 40, and the electromagnetic clutch 42. The mounting shaft 8 extends out of the protective cover 47, and the round nut 46 at the rear end is located outside the protective cover 47.

[0029] When this invention is in operation, the rotation of the motor drives the motor wheel 18a, the pulley 20, the worm gear 19, the worm wheel 22, and the main shaft sleeve 2. The main shaft sleeve 2 drives the central main shaft 3 to rotate via a stepped key, and the boring tool achieves the main rotational motion. Simultaneously, the rotation of the main shaft drives the feed nut 5 to rotate. The main shaft sleeve 2 also drives the large gear 36 to rotate, and the small gear 39 to rotate. The transmission shaft 38 drives the small gear 40 to rotate, which in turn drives the large gear 41 to rotate. The electromagnetic clutch 4... When energized, the lead screw 6 rotates, creating a speed difference between the central spindle 3 and the lead screw 6. The feed nut 5 moves axially relative to the lead screw 6, and the boring tool at the front end of the central spindle 3 moves axially. The lead screw 6 and the mounting shaft 8 are integrated, and the lead screw 6 remains stationary axially. The speed difference between the central spindle 3 and the lead screw 6 multiplied by the lead screw 6 lead equals the feed amount, achieving differential feed. When the electromagnetic clutch 42 is de-energized, the large gear 41 idles on the mounting shaft 8, and the lead screw 6 is not driven to rotate. When rapid feed and retraction of the boring tool are required, the motor and electromagnetic clutch 42 are de-energized, and the rear end of the mounting shaft 8 of the lead screw 6 is manually rotated. The movement per revolution of the lead screw 6 equals the lead screw 6 lead, causing the feed nut 5 to move axially, driving the boring tool to achieve rapid feed and retraction. The present invention features high structural strength and rigidity, simple structure, high power (enabling large depth and large feed), high efficiency, and economic practicality. Its key feature is that it uses a single motor to simultaneously realize the rotational motion and feed motion of the central spindle 3.

[0030] This invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed in this invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative effort, and all such substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A self-driven boring machine, characterized in that, The device includes a spindle housing, inside which a spindle sleeve is rotatably mounted. The spindle sleeve is connected to a rotary drive mechanism. A central spindle, capable of axial movement, is coaxially mounted inside the spindle sleeve. A key connects the central spindle to the spindle sleeve. The front end of the central spindle extends out of the spindle housing and is connected to a boring tool. The rear end of the central spindle extends rearward and is coaxially mounted with a feed nut. A lead screw is threaded into the threaded hole of the feed nut. A corresponding insertion hole for the lead screw is provided in the middle of the central spindle. The front end of the lead screw extends forward and is coaxially inserted into the insertion hole, with a clearance fit between the outer circumference of the lead screw and the insertion hole. The rear end of the lead screw extends rearward and is coaxially mounted with a mounting shaft, which is rotatably supported on the spindle housing. The mounting shaft extends beyond the spindle housing at its rear end and is connected to the rotary drive mechanism via a two-phase transmission. The spindle housing includes a horizontal top plate and a bottom plate corresponding to each other. Between the top and bottom plates are a front plate, a rear plate, a left side plate, and a right side plate forming a rectangle. A partition is parallel to the front and rear plates, and the partition is fixed to the inner wall of the spindle housing. Both the front plate and the partition have through holes, and bearing seats one and two are installed in the corresponding through holes on the front plate and the partition, respectively. Both bearing seats one and two contain tapered bearings. The rotary drive mechanism includes a motor mounted on the top of the spindle housing. A worm gear is rotatably mounted inside the spindle housing along its width direction. One end of the worm gear extends out of the spindle housing and is fitted with a pulley. The motor output wheel is connected to the pulley via a V-belt. A worm gear is mounted on the outer circumference of the main shaft sleeve via a key, and the worm gear is connected to the worm. A through hole is provided on the rear plate, and a bearing seat three is installed on the rear plate corresponding to the through hole. The rotary drive mechanism two includes a large gear one mounted on the outer circumference of the main shaft sleeve via a key. Spacers three are mounted on the outer circumference of the main shaft sleeve between the inner ring of the front tapered bearing and the worm gear, between the worm gear and the large gear one, and between the large gear one and the inner ring of the rear tapered bearing. A drive shaft is provided inside the main shaft housing corresponding to the main shaft sleeve. The drive shaft is parallel to the main shaft sleeve, and its front and rear ends are rotatably supported on the spacers and the rear plate, respectively. Small gears are provided at the front and rear ends of the drive shaft. A small gear 1 and a large gear 2 are connected in mesh with each other. The large gear 2 is rotatably mounted on the mounting shaft via two parallel deep groove ball bearings. The large gear 2 is located behind the bearing housing 3 and is connected in mesh with the small gear 2. An electromagnetic clutch is also mounted on the mounting shaft behind the large gear 2. The large gear 2 is connected to the electromagnetic clutch via a connecting flange. Spacers 4 are mounted on the outer circumference of the mounting shaft between the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing at the rear end of the bearing housing 3 and the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing at the front end of the large gear 2, and between the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing at the rear end of the large gear 2 and the electromagnetic clutch. Spacers 5 are mounted on the outer circumference of the mounting shaft behind the electromagnetic clutch. Two round nuts that abut against spacers 5 are threaded onto the mounting shaft.

2. The self-driven boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner circumference of the tapered bearing corresponds to the outer circumference of the spindle sleeve. A pressure cap is fixed to the front end of bearing housing one, and pressure cap one is located outside the spindle housing. An outer sealing ring and an inner sealing ring are provided inside bearing housing one between the tapered bearing and pressure cap one. An outer step is provided at the front end of the spindle sleeve to block the outer sealing ring. A sealing ring one is provided between the outer step and the inner wall of the center cover hole of pressure cap one. A pressure cap two is fixed to the rear end of bearing housing two. A spacer one is provided between the inner wall of the center cover hole of pressure cap two and the outer circumference of the spindle sleeve. A sealing ring two is fitted on the outer circumference of spacer one corresponding to the center cover hole of pressure cap two. A locking nut is fitted on the rear end of the spindle sleeve. Spacer one is located between the locking nut and the corresponding tapered bearing.

3. A self-driven boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the spindle sleeve is coaxially provided with two spindle bushings spaced back and forth. The spindle bushings are sleeved on the outer circumference of the central spindle. The transmission key is a stepped key. The spindle sleeve has a keyway 1 that matches the upper key body of the stepped key. The outer circumference of the central spindle has a keyway 2 that corresponds to the lower key body of the stepped key. The length of keyway 2 is greater than the length of the lower key body. The length of the lower key body is greater than the length of keyway 1. The upper key body is inserted into keyway 1, and the lower key body is set in keyway 2. The front end of the central spindle extends out of the spindle sleeve and is sleeved with a spindle sleeve. The tool holder passes through the spindle sleeve from the side and is inserted into the interior of the central spindle. The front end of the central spindle is threaded with a bolt that clamps the tool holder. The boring tool is set on the tool holder.

4. A self-driven boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The feed nut has a hole one and a hole two at the front and rear ends of the threaded hole, respectively. The rear end of the central spindle is inserted into hole one and threaded to the inner wall of hole one. An adjusting nut that is inserted into hole two is threaded on the lead screw. A screw that is radially inserted into the adjusting nut is threaded on the feed nut. Two fixing nuts that press against the end face of the feed nut are threaded on the adjusting nut.

5. A self-driven boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The bearing housing three is equipped with two deep groove ball bearings that are corresponding to each other. A pressure cap three is fixed at the rear end of the bearing housing three. A spacer two is provided in the bearing housing three between the outer rings of the two deep groove ball bearings. The mounting shaft is set through the inner rings of the two deep groove ball bearings. A limiting step is provided on the outer circumference of the mounting shaft to block the inner ring of the front deep groove ball bearing.

6. A self-driven boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The rear of the main spindle housing is equipped with a protective cover corresponding to the large gear 2, small gear 2, and electromagnetic clutch. The mounting shaft extends out of the protective cover, and the round nut at the rear end is located outside the protective cover.

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