A conical-bottom vertical silo ventilation and arch-breaking device

Abstract

This invention discloses a ventilation and arch-breaking device for a conical-bottom vertical silo in the field of grain, oil, and feed storage. It includes a silo body, a top cover, and a bottom silo. The bottom silo has a discharge port at its lower part and an inner annular air box inside. An air hood is located above the inner annular air box, which is connected to a main air duct. An outer annular air box is located around the discharge port, with one end connected to the main air duct inside the bottom silo and the other end connected to the air outlet of a blower. A support is located below the outer annular air box, with a guide rod on its side. A drive motor is located below the support. A slider that can move up and down along the guide rod is located on the guide rod. A mounting seat connected to the output shaft of the drive motor is located on the slider. A second drive motor is located on the mounting seat. The drive screw of the second drive motor extends into the bottom silo and is connected to an eccentric rotating shaft at the bottom of the air hood. This invention solves the problems of poor ventilation and material arching in the central area of ​​the vertical silo and is suitable for use in conical-bottom vertical silo devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grain, oil, and feed storage, and particularly to a ventilation and arch-breaking device for a cone-bottom vertical silo. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical silos are upright containers, round, square, or polygonal in shape, made of galvanized steel sheets with a high galvanized coating or corrugated galvanized steel sheets, used for storing bulk materials such as grains and feed. Depending on the bottom structure, vertical silos are divided into flat-bottom silos and conical-bottom silos. Flat-bottom silos present challenges in unloading, as the ventilation system can obstruct grain flow and result in significant unloading residue. Conical-bottom silos offer the advantage of clean unloading and are therefore widely used in production. However, they also suffer from uneven moisture distribution within the material. Studies have shown that with an average moisture content of 14.5%, the actual moisture content of the material in the silo can reach as high as 20%, far exceeding the safe moisture requirements for grain storage.

[0003] Good airtightness is a significant feature that distinguishes vertical silos from room-type silos. Because steel silos have good thermal conductivity, and grains and feeds are good insulators, the temperature and humidity inside the silo can easily exceed the safe storage requirements due to the influence of the outdoor atmospheric environment and the respiration of the materials themselves, thus affecting the quality of the materials.

[0004] The temperature and humidity of materials in different locations are higher than the safe storage temperature and moisture content requirements, which affects the quality of the materials. In actual production, it is necessary to ventilate in a timely manner according to the actual humidity to ensure the safe storage of materials.

[0005] Temperature and humidity control in steel plate silos can be achieved through natural ventilation or forced ventilation. The former saves energy but is greatly affected by the atmospheric environment, while the latter, although it requires a certain amount of energy, can achieve the purpose of rapid ventilation, cooling and dehumidification.

[0006] Currently, the ventilation system of steel plate vertical silos mainly relies on natural ventilation openings and axial flow fans located on the top of the silo, and fans and ventilation ducts located at the bottom of the silo. However, this system has several shortcomings: First, the ventilation ducts are mostly arranged radially along the circumference of the silo. While this arrangement achieves good ventilation in the circumferential direction, the ventilation effect in the central area of ​​the silo is poor, resulting in significant uneven ventilation. Second, for large-diameter vertical silos, the area above the discharge port bears a considerable force due to the weight of the material, which can easily cause arching, leading to difficulties in unloading and disrupting normal production. Third, adding arch breakers generally only breaks up arches locally above the discharge port; when arching occurs on the sides, it also affects the material discharge speed and production progress. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a conical bottom vertical silo ventilation and arch breaking device that maintains good ventilation in all directions from the center to the circumference of the vertical silo, and breaks up the material accumulated at the top of the discharge port in a 360° circumferential manner to ensure smooth unloading.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A conical-bottom vertical silo ventilation and arch-breaking device includes a silo body, a top cover disposed on the upper part of the silo body, and a bottom silo disposed on the lower part of the silo body. A discharge port is opened outward from the lower part of the bottom silo. An inner annular air box is disposed inside the bottom silo opposite to the discharge port. A wind hood is disposed above the inner annular air box. A main air duct is connected to the inner wall of the bottom silo along the inner wall of the bottom silo. An outer annular air box is disposed around the outer periphery of the discharge port outside the silo body. The outer annular air box is connected to the bottom silo via a ventilation duct and is connected to the main air duct. The outer annular air box is connected to the air outlet of the fan outside the chamber. A bracket is connected to the lower part of the outer annular air box. A guide rod is provided on the side of the bracket. A drive motor is fixedly installed below the bracket. A slider that can move up and down along the guide rod is provided on the guide rod. A mounting seat that is connected to the output shaft end of the drive motor is provided on the slider. A drive motor is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting seat opposite to the slider. The transmission screw of the drive motor extends into the bottom chamber and is connected to the eccentric rotating shaft connected to the bottom of the air cover.

[0009] When this invention is in operation, an external air is delivered to the outer annular air box by a fan. The air in the outer annular air box is then delivered to the inner annular air box and the main air duct through pipelines. The air entering the main air duct diffuses into the vertical silo along the inner wall of the silo. The air entering the inner annular air box diffuses towards the central area of ​​the vertical silo through the air hood. This not only achieves circumferential ventilation within the vertical silo, but also ventilation and air exchange in the center of the vertical silo. The drive motor 1 outside the silo can drive the drive motor 2 and the air hood connected to the transmission end of the drive motor 2 to move up and down, alleviating the material congestion at the discharge port of the silo. The drive motor 2 drives the eccentric shaft at the bottom of the air hood to rotate, causing the air hood to rotate eccentrically, which can break up the material accumulated at the upper end of the discharge port in a 360° circumferential direction, preventing blockage of the discharge port.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0011] First, by setting an inner annular air box and a conical air hood above the central discharge port of the conical bottom silo, the purpose of ventilation and air exchange in the central area of ​​the vertical silo can be achieved, thereby realizing all-round uniform ventilation and air exchange inside the vertical silo.

[0012] Secondly, by setting an inner annular air box and a conical air hood above the central discharge port inside the conical silo, the conical surface of the air hood can help improve the flowability of the material and also withstand some of the pressure generated by the weight of the material inside the silo, thus playing a role in preventing arching.

[0013] Third, by driving the first drive motor to move the second drive motor and the hood connected to the transmission end of the second drive motor up and down, the material accumulated above the discharge port is broken up. The second drive motor drives the hood to rotate eccentrically, which can break up the material accumulated above the discharge port in a 360° circumferential manner, thus avoiding blockage of the discharge port.

[0014] Fourth, this device has a simple and reliable structure, is easy to implement, and is suitable for use in vertical silo systems in the fields of grain, oil, and feed storage.

[0015] Furthermore, the wind shroud is a cone with an upward-protruding top, and several fish-scale-shaped ventilation holes are provided on the surface of the wind shroud. The distance between the two sides of the bottom of the cone surface of the wind shroud is greater than the diameter of the inner annular wind box.

[0016] Furthermore, three main air ducts are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the bottom compartment. The main air ducts are connected to the inner annular air box through a connecting air duct. The main air ducts are cylindrical, and fish-scale-shaped ventilation holes are opened on the circumferential surface of the main air ducts.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer annular wind box and the air outlet of the fan are connected by a connecting duct.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner annular wind box is hollow and ring-shaped, and the eccentric rotating shaft is connected to the transmission screw of the second drive motor through a coupling, passing upward through the hollow inner annular wind box and connected to the bottom of the wind cover.

[0019] Furthermore, the top cover is a cone with the top protruding upwards, and the bottom compartment is a cone with the bottom protruding downwards.

[0020] Furthermore, the top cover has a feed inlet at its center, an L-shaped ventilation opening on the upper side of the top cover, and an axial flow fan connection port on the top cover. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0026] The components include: 1. hopper body; 2. top cover; 3. bottom hopper; 4. feed inlet; 5. ventilation outlet; 6. axial flow fan connection port; 7. discharge outlet; 8. connecting air duct one; 9. outer annular air box; 10. connecting air duct two; 11. fan; 12. inner annular air box; 13. air hood; 14. main air duct; 15. ventilation hole; 16. ventilation pipe; 17. bracket; 18. guide rod; 19. drive motor one; 20. slider; 21. mounting base; 22. drive motor two; and 23. eccentric rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0027] like Figures 1-3 The conical-bottom vertical silo ventilation and arch-breaking device shown includes a silo body 1, a top cover 2 located on the upper part of the silo body 1, and a bottom silo 3 located at the lower part of the silo body 1. A discharge port 7 is opened at the lower part of the bottom silo 3 outwards from the silo body 1. An inner annular air box 12 is provided inside the bottom silo 3 opposite to the discharge port 7. A wind hood 13 is provided above the inner annular air box 12. A main air duct 14 is connected to the inner wall of the bottom silo 3 along the inner wall of the bottom silo 3. An outer annular air box 9 is provided around the discharge port 7 outside the silo body 1. The outer annular air box 9 is connected to the bottom silo 3 via a ventilation duct 16 and is connected to the main air duct 14. The outer annular air box 9 directs air towards the bottom silo 3. The outer chamber 1 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 11. The lower part of the outer annular air box 9 is connected to the bracket 17. The side of the bracket 17 is provided with a guide rod 18. A drive motor 19 is fixedly installed below the bracket 17. A slider 20 that can move up and down along the guide rod 18 is provided on the guide rod 18. A mounting seat 21 that is connected to the output shaft end of the drive motor 19 is provided on the slider 20. A drive motor 22 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting seat 21 opposite to the slider 20. The transmission screw of the drive motor 22 extends into the bottom chamber 3 and is connected to the eccentric rotating shaft 23 connected to the bottom of the air cover 13.

[0028] The hood 13 is a cone with an upward-protruding top. Several fish-scale-shaped ventilation holes 15 are provided on the surface of the hood 13. The distance between the two sides of the bottom of the cone surface of the hood 13 is greater than the diameter of the inner annular air box 12, which can prevent the material on the hood 13 from falling into the narrow gap between the bottom surface of the hood 13 and the inner annular air box 12, thus avoiding material blockage. The opening end of the ventilation hole 15 is set upward and the opening end is raised, which can prevent the material from entering the interior of the hood 13. In addition, it can also help improve the flowability of the material, withstand the pressure generated by the weight of the material in the bin, and prevent it from accumulating and arching at the discharge port.

[0029] Three main air ducts 14 are evenly arranged along the inner wall of the bottom compartment 3. The main air ducts 14 are connected to the inner annular air box 12 through connecting air duct 8. The main air ducts 14 are cylindrical and have fish scale-shaped ventilation holes 15 on their circumferential surface.

[0030] The outer annular air box 9 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 11 through the connecting duct 2 10, and air is continuously delivered to the outer annular air box 9 through the connecting duct 2 10.

[0031] The inner annular air box 12 is hollow and ring-shaped. The eccentric rotating shaft 23 is connected to the transmission screw of the drive motor 22 through a coupling. The shaft passes upward through the hollow inner annular air box 12 and is connected to the bottom of the air cover 13.

[0032] The top cover 2 is a cone with the top protruding upwards, and the bottom hopper 3 is a cone with the bottom protruding downwards; the bottom of the bottom hopper 3 is cone-shaped, which can quickly discharge materials and reduce congestion at the discharge port 7.

[0033] The top cover 2 has a feed inlet 4 in the center and an L-shaped ventilation opening 5 on the upper side. An axial flow fan connection port 6 is also provided on the top cover 2. Natural air can freely enter the vertical silo through the ventilation opening 5. The L-shaped ventilation opening 5 is horizontally positioned at the top to prevent rainwater from entering the top cover 2. An axial flow fan can be connected through the axial flow fan connection port 6 to assist the airflow inside the silo 1.

[0034] When this invention is in operation, the blower 11 is turned on, and the blower 11 delivers external air to the outer annular air box 9 through the connecting air duct 2 10. The air in the outer annular air box 9 is delivered to the main air duct 14 through the ventilation duct 16. Three main air ducts are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the bottom silo 3 and are connected to the inner annular air box 12 through the connecting air duct 1 8. The air entering the main air duct 14 is blown into the vertical silo along the inner wall of the vertical silo through the fish-scale-shaped ventilation holes 15 on the surface of the main air duct 14. The air entering the inner annular air box 12 diffuses towards the central area of ​​the vertical silo through the fish-scale-shaped ventilation holes 15 on the conical surface of the conical wind hood 13. This device not only achieves circumferential ventilation inside the vertical silo, but also ventilation and air exchange in the center of the vertical silo. In addition, the conical surface of the wind hood 13 can improve the flowability of materials and can also withstand the pressure generated by the weight of the materials in the silo, which can prevent the materials from arching above the discharge port to a certain extent.

[0035] The main air duct 14 is arranged radially around the inner annular air box 12. A gap exists at the connection between the main air duct 14 and the inner annular air box 12. With long-term use, material easily accumulates in this gap. Even with good ventilation within the silo 1, the internal environment and operating conditions inevitably lead to the formation of hard arches, causing blockages during material discharge. This invention addresses this by installing a support 17 outside the silo 1, fixed to the lower end of the outer annular air box 9. A guide rod 18 is installed on the side of the support 17, with a slider 20 that can move up and down along the guide rod 18. A drive motor 19 is fixed below the support 17. A mounting base 21, which is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 19, is fixedly connected to the slider 20. A second drive motor 22 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting base 21 opposite to the slider 20. The transmission screw of the second drive motor 22 extends into the bottom silo 3 and is connected to an eccentric rotating shaft 23 at the bottom of the shroud 13. Figure 4 , 5As shown, driven by the first drive motor 19, the slider 20 moves up and down along the guide rod 18, which in turn drives the second drive motor 22 and the hood 13 connected to the transmission end of the second drive motor 22 to move up and down, thus breaking up the arched material in the vertical height. When the hood 13 rises to a certain height, the second drive motor 22 is turned on. The linear motion of the transmission screw of the second drive motor 22 is converted into the rotational motion of the hood 13 through the eccentric rotating shaft, causing the hood 13 to rotate eccentrically in the bottom hopper 3 to form a 360° circumferential arch breaking, breaking up the arched material in all directions, avoiding material blockage in the bottom hopper, and ensuring smooth discharge.

[0036] The ventilation and arch-breaking device of this invention solves the problems of poor ventilation and material arching in the central area of ​​vertical silos. The device has a simple and reliable structure, is easy to implement, and is suitable for use in vertical silo devices in the fields of grain, oil and feed storage.

[0037] This invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed in this invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative effort, and all such substitutions and modifications are within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A conical-bottom silo ventilation and arch-breaking device, comprising a silo body, a top cover arranged at an upper portion of the silo body, and a bottom silo arranged at a lower portion of the silo body, characterized in that: The bottom chamber has a discharge port extending outward from the bottom. An inner annular air box is located inside the bottom chamber, opposite the discharge port. A wind hood is located above the inner annular air box. A main air duct is connected to the inner wall of the bottom chamber via the inner annular air box. An outer annular air box is located around the discharge port outside the chamber. The outer annular air box is connected to the bottom chamber via a ventilation duct and communicates with the main air duct. The outer annular air box extends outward from the chamber and communicates with the air outlet of a blower. A bracket is connected to the lower part of the outer annular air box. A guide rod is located on the side of the bracket. A drive motor is fixedly located below the bracket. A slider that can move up and down along the guide rod is located on the guide rod. A mounting seat that is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor is located on the slider. A second drive motor is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting seat opposite the slider. The drive screw of the second drive motor extends into the bottom chamber and is connected to an eccentric rotating shaft connected to the bottom of the wind hood. Three main air ducts are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the bottom compartment. The main air ducts are connected to the inner annular air box through a connecting air duct. The main air ducts are cylindrical and have fish-scale-shaped ventilation holes on their circumferential surface. The outer annular air box is connected to the air outlet of the fan through a connecting air duct. The inner annular air box is hollow and ring-shaped. The eccentric rotating shaft is connected to the transmission screw of the second drive motor through a coupling and passes upward through the hollow inner annular air box to the bottom of the air cover. The wind hood is a cone with an upward convex top, and has several fish-scale-shaped ventilation holes on its surface. The distance between the two sides of the bottom of the cone surface of the wind hood is greater than the diameter of the inner annular wind box.

2. A cone-bottom silo ventilation and arch-breaking apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover is a cone that bulges upwards, and the bottom compartment is a cone that bulges downwards.

3. A cone-bottom silo ventilation and arch-breaking apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: The top cover has a feed inlet in the center, an L-shaped ventilation opening on the upper side of the top cover, and an axial flow fan connection port on the top cover.

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