A Vibration Reduction and Gain Device for Trapezoidal Sleeper Track Bed Based on Lever Amplification Principle

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of vibration reduction and gain technology for railway sleeper tracks, and particularly to a trapezoidal railway sleeper track vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle. This trapezoidal railway sleeper track vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle specifically includes: a lever mechanism, a force guiding mechanism, an energy absorbing mechanism, and a load-bearing mechanism; the vibration reduction and gain device is disposed between two sleepers, the force guiding mechanism and the energy absorbing mechanism are respectively fixed at both ends of the lever mechanism, the load-bearing mechanism serves as a fulcrum and is rotatably connected to the end of the lever mechanism closest to the force guiding mechanism, the force guiding mechanism is connected to the two sleepers, and the energy absorbing mechanism is fixedly connected to the concrete base; a counterweight compartment is provided at the end of the lever mechanism connected to the energy absorbing mechanism. This invention has the advantages of meeting the requirements of graded vibration reduction and reducing the difficulty of retrofitting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration reduction and gain technology for railway sleeper track beds, and particularly to a trapezoidal railway sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's urban rail transit network becomes increasingly sophisticated and its density increases year by year, newly built subway lines inevitably pass under buildings, bringing them closer to structures. Simultaneously, with the increasing size of cities, the growing resident population, and residents' growing demand for convenient commuting, many cities are addressing this by increasing the passenger capacity and operating speed of subway trains. However, this directly leads to intense interaction between the train and the track, and the resulting vibrations are transmitted through the track foundation to the tunnel structure, inducing vibrations in the soil and buildings along the line. This severely impacts the normal lives and work of residents along the line, as well as the proper use of precision instruments and equipment. Furthermore, the vibrations caused by train operation are repetitive and long-term, leading to structural deformation, uneven settlement between sections of the track, and tunnel seepage and leakage, among other problems, and even jeopardizing the safe operation of the line. Therefore, controlling and improving subway-induced vibrations is an unavoidable and crucial issue in the construction and operation quality of urban rail transit.

[0003] Currently, the basic principle of mainstream vibration control measures is to isolate or reduce the cross-structure propagation of vibration by weakening the connection between the components of the track structure. The common practice is to set up an elastic isolation layer between the upper and lower layers of the track structure. According to engineering experience, the smaller the stiffness of the isolation layer and the closer its position is to the foundation, the better its vibration reduction and isolation effect. It can be roughly divided into fastener vibration reduction (medium vibration reduction measure, vibration reduction ≤8dB), sleeper vibration reduction (high vibration reduction measure, 8dB < vibration reduction <15dB) and track bed vibration isolation (special vibration reduction measure, vibration reduction ≥15dB).

[0004] Trapezoidal sleeper track beds, as a traditional advanced vibration reduction measure, are a type of precast reinforced concrete longitudinal beam supported track structure. This composite track consists of prestressed concrete longitudinal beams and steel rails, with two longitudinal beams connected by steel pipes to form a frame. Elastic polyurethane high-elastic supports are installed under the prestressed longitudinal beams, allowing it to float on the concrete foundation. Essentially, it is a lightweight floating slab track structure. Due to its advantages such as light weight, low vibration, long service life of the elastic supports, and replaceable and maintainable supports, this track structure has been widely adopted by many cities, and its future development still has room for improvement.

[0005] The existing trapezoidal sleeper track bed has the following characteristics:

[0006] Difficulties in graded vibration reduction: In newly built subway lines, if trapezoidal sleeper track beds are used for graded vibration reduction, it is necessary to adjust the stiffness of the rubber pads under the sleepers or adjust the mass of the sleeper blocks in stages. The former is not conducive to mass production and is likely to lead to poor uniformity of stiffness along the track direction, thus affecting the smoothness of train operation and passenger comfort. The latter is usually achieved by increasing the thickness of the sleeper blocks, which will have an adverse effect on the control of track structure height.

[0007] Upgrading and renovation is difficult: In existing subway lines, as the service life increases, the rubber pads under the trapezoidal sleeper track bed will age year by year under the cyclic load of the train (i.e., the stiffness increases), resulting in a gradual weakening of the vibration reduction performance and even falling below the design value. If it is to be upgraded and renovated, the corresponding rubber pads need to be replaced. At the same time, the renovation and construction involves risks such as complex procedures, long construction period, impact on operation, and high cost.

[0008] Therefore, to address the shortcomings of existing technologies, a trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle. This device can solve the problems of difficulty in graded vibration reduction and difficulty in modification and upgrading.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A vibration reduction and gain device for a trapezoidal sleeper track bed based on the lever amplification principle, wherein the vibration reduction and gain device is disposed between two sleepers, and includes: a lever mechanism, a force guiding mechanism, an energy absorbing mechanism and a load-bearing mechanism;

[0012] The force guiding mechanism and the energy absorbing mechanism are respectively fixed at both ends of the lever mechanism. The bearing mechanism is rotatably connected to the end of the lever mechanism near the force guiding mechanism as a fulcrum. The force guiding mechanism is connected to the two sleepers. The energy absorbing mechanism is fixedly connected to the concrete base.

[0013] The lever mechanism is connected to the energy-absorbing mechanism at one end, where a counterweight compartment is provided.

[0014] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the lever mechanism includes an end plate, a rotating shaft, and a truss plate. The end plate and the counterweight bin are respectively fixed at both ends of the truss plate, and the rotating shaft passes through the end plate and is rotatably connected to the end plate.

[0015] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the force guiding mechanism includes at least one set of supports, sleeves, force guiding rods and connectors. The supports are detachably connected to the sleeves through the connectors. The supports and the sleeves form a cavity for the force guiding rods to be inserted. The force guiding rods are connected to the sleepers.

[0016] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the energy-absorbing mechanism includes a first energy-absorbing box, a second energy-absorbing box, and a fixed steel channel. The counterweight chamber is sandwiched between the first energy-absorbing box and the second energy-absorbing box. Both the first energy-absorbing box and the second energy-absorbing box are connected to the fixed steel channel, and the fixed steel channel is connected to the concrete base.

[0017] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, both the first energy-absorbing box and the second energy-absorbing box are provided with a support body, a damping fluid, a piston top plate, a buffer pad and several elastic elements. The damping fluid and several elastic elements are all located in the support body. The piston top plate is slidably disposed at the opening of the support body. The two ends of the elastic elements are respectively abutted and connected to the piston top plate and the support body. The buffer pad is fixedly connected to the piston top plate. The end of the buffer pad away from the piston top plate abuts and cooperates with the counterweight chamber.

[0018] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the bearing mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged chassis, each chassis having a cat's ear at its upper end, the cat's ear having a shaft hole for the rotating shaft to be inserted into, the shaft hole being rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the chassis being fixedly connected to the concrete base.

[0019] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the bottom of the chassis is provided with a bolt groove, which is fixedly connected to the concrete base by anchor bolts.

[0020] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the fixed steel channel is in the shape of a "Z" and the first energy-absorbing box and the second energy-absorbing box are fixedly connected to the concrete base through the fixed steel channel, with the first energy-absorbing box located above the second energy-absorbing box.

[0021] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the support is L-shaped, the short side of the support is fixedly connected to the end plate, and the long side of the support is detachably connected to the sleeve.

[0022] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the counterweight chamber is provided with several compartments for placing counterweight blocks.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] In the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention, the force guiding mechanism and the energy absorbing mechanism are respectively fixed at both ends of the lever mechanism. The bearing mechanism is rotatably connected to the force guiding mechanism, and the bearing mechanism is located at the end closer to the force guiding mechanism. The bearing mechanism serves as the lever fulcrum, and the lever mechanism serves as the lever rod. The lever ratio is λ. A counterweight chamber with a counterweight M is provided at the end of the lever mechanism connected to the energy absorbing mechanism. The force guiding mechanism transmits the sleeper vibration to the energy absorbing mechanism through the lever mechanism. When graded vibration reduction of the track bed is required, only the lever ratio λ and the counterweight M need to be adjusted to achieve full coverage of three levels of vibration reduction: medium, high, and special. In existing lines, there is no need to replace the rubber pads under the sleepers; this device only needs to be installed on the existing trapezoidal sleeper track bed. This trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle has the characteristics of meeting graded vibration reduction requirements and reducing the difficulty of modification. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The technology of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lever mechanism in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the force guiding mechanism in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the force guiding mechanism in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0034] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the energy absorption mechanism in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first energy-absorbing box in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second energy-absorbing box in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a plan view of the bearing mechanism in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure at point BB;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a side view of the bearing mechanism in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the lever in the equilibrium state of the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the lever under loading in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 17 This is a measured wheel-rail force spectrum diagram of the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 18 This is a comparison diagram of the tunnel wall acceleration levels with and without the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of this invention;

[0044] Figure 19 This is a comparison diagram of tunnel wall acceleration levels under different lever coefficients λ in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of this invention;

[0045] Figure 20 This is a comparison diagram of the tunnel wall acceleration levels under different counterweights M in the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle of this invention.

[0046] In the picture:

[0047] 1. Lever mechanism; 11. End plate; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Truss plate; 14. Counterweight compartment; 15. Cell; 16. Longitudinal beam; 17. Crossbeam; 18. Limiting plate; 19. Triangular brace;

[0048] 2. Force guiding mechanism; 21. Support; 22. Hoop; 23. Force guiding rod; 24. Connecting parts;

[0049] 3. Energy absorption mechanism; 31. First energy absorption box; 32. Second energy absorption box; 33. Fixed steel channel; 34. Support body; 35. Damping fluid; 36. Piston top plate; 37. Buffer pad; 38. Elastic element;

[0050] 4. Load-bearing mechanism; 41. Chassis; 42. Cat ears; 43. Shaft hole; 44. Bolt groove;

[0051] 5. Railway sleepers;

[0052] 6. Concrete base. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, solution, and effects of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The same reference numerals used throughout the accompanying drawings indicate the same or similar parts.

[0054] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, the descriptions of "up," "down," "left," and "right" used in this invention are only relative to the relative positional relationships of the various components of the invention in the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Reference Figures 1 to 20 A trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle includes a lever mechanism 1, a force guiding mechanism 2, an energy absorbing mechanism 3, and a load-bearing mechanism 4.

[0056] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 1-3 As shown, the vibration damping and gain device is set between the two sleepers 5. The force guiding mechanism 2 and the energy absorbing mechanism 3 are respectively fixed at both ends of the lever mechanism 1. The bearing mechanism 4 is rotatably connected to the end of the lever mechanism 1 near the force guiding mechanism 2. The force guiding mechanism 2 is connected to the two sleepers 5. The energy absorbing mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the concrete base 6. A counterweight 14 is provided at the end of the lever mechanism 1 connected to the energy absorbing mechanism 3.

[0057] The force guiding mechanism 2 and energy absorbing mechanism 3 are fixed at both ends of the lever mechanism 1, respectively. The bearing mechanism 4 is rotatably connected to the force guiding mechanism 2, and is located at the end closer to the force guiding mechanism 2. The bearing mechanism 4 serves as the lever fulcrum, and the lever mechanism 1 serves as the lever body. The lever ratio is [not specified]. A counterweight chamber 14 is provided at the end of the lever mechanism 1 connected to the energy absorbing mechanism 3, and the counterweight chamber 14 has a counterweight of M. The force guiding mechanism 2 transmits the vibration of the sleeper 5 to the energy absorbing mechanism 3 through the lever mechanism 1. When it is necessary to perform graded vibration reduction on the track bed, only the lever ratio and the counterweight M need to be adjusted to achieve full coverage of three levels of vibration reduction: medium, high, and special. In existing lines, there is no need to replace the rubber pads under the sleepers; this device only needs to be installed on the existing trapezoidal sleeper track bed. This trapezoidal sleeper 5 track bed vibration reduction gain device based on the lever amplification principle has the characteristics of meeting graded vibration reduction requirements and reducing the difficulty of modification. By adjusting the lever ratio based on the lever amplification factor principle, the kinetic energy of the added mass can be amplified by a factor of 5, and the equivalent dynamic mass of the system can be multiplied, thereby reducing the natural frequency of the system and improving the vibration reduction and isolation performance of the trapezoidal sleeper 5.

[0058] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 4-5 As shown, the lever mechanism 1 includes an end plate 11, a rotating shaft 12, a truss plate 13, and a counterweight chamber 14. The end plate 11 and the counterweight chamber 14 are respectively fixed to both ends of the truss plate 13. The rotating shaft 12 passes through the end plate 11 and is rotatably connected to the end plate 11. The truss plate 13 includes longitudinal beams 16 and transverse beams 17. The longitudinal beams 16 and transverse beams 17 are arranged in a cross pattern. To ensure the overall structural strength and effectively reduce the self-weight, the longitudinal beams 16, transverse beams 17, end plate 11, and limit baffles all adopt a truss structure, which is made of aluminum alloy. At the same time, to prevent stress concentration, the trusses are densely arranged at the connection between the end plate 11 and the rotating shaft 12, and between the longitudinal beams 16 and the counterweight chamber 14. A triangular brace 19 is provided at the connection between the counterweight chamber 14 and the truss plate, which is used to reinforce the connection between the longitudinal beams 16 and the counterweight chamber 14. Preferably, the end of the end plate 11 is provided with a limiting baffle, which abuts against the end plate 11 of the L-shaped support 21.

[0059] In one embodiment, the counterweight chamber 14 is provided with several compartments 15 for placing counterweights; preferably, the core function of the counterweight chamber 14 is to adjust the mass of the vibrating oscillator of the device, and it is provided with a total of 2 (layers) × 4 (units / layer) compartments 15, each compartment 15 can hold a standard-sized counterweight. By setting up a modular counterweight chamber 14 and placing the required number of standard counterweights into the compartments 15, the system counterweight can be precisely adjusted.

[0060] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 6-8As shown, the force guiding mechanism 2 includes at least one set of supports 21, sleeves 22, force guiding rods 23, and connectors 24. The supports 21 are detachably connected to the sleeves 22 via the connectors 24. The supports 21 and sleeves 22 form a cavity for the force guiding rods 23 to be inserted. The force guiding rods 23 are connected to the sleeper 5. The force guiding mechanism 2 has three sets of supports 21, sleeves 22, force guiding rods 23, and connectors 24. The main function of the force guiding mechanism 2 is to transmit the vibration of the sleeper 5 to the energy absorbing mechanism 3 through the force guiding rods 23. The supports 21 are L-shaped, and the sleeves 22 are U-shaped. The short side of the supports 21 is fixedly connected to the end plate 11, and the long side of the supports 21 is detachably connected to the sleeves 22. The U-shaped sleeves 22 have three pairs of bolt holes on each of the left and right sides. The cavity size is the same as the size of the force guiding rods 23 that transmit the vibration of the trapezoidal sleeper 5. The system is equipped with 6 pairs of anchor bolts connected to 3 pairs of bolt holes. Its main function is to fix the L-shaped support 21 and U-shaped sleeve 22 to the guide rod 23.

[0061] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 9 As shown, the energy-absorbing mechanism 3 includes a first energy-absorbing box 31, a second energy-absorbing box 32, and a fixed steel channel 33. A counterweight chamber 14 is sandwiched between the first energy-absorbing box 31 and the second energy-absorbing box 32. Both the first energy-absorbing box 31 and the second energy-absorbing box 32 are connected to the fixed steel channel 33, which is connected to the concrete base 6. The fixed steel channel 33 is Z-shaped. The first energy-absorbing box 31 and the second energy-absorbing box 32 are fixedly connected to the concrete base 6 via the fixed steel channel 33, with the first energy-absorbing box 31 located above the second energy-absorbing box 32.

[0062] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 10-11 As shown, both the first energy-absorbing box 31 and the second energy-absorbing box 32 are provided with a support 21 body, a damping fluid 35, a piston top plate 36, a buffer pad 37, and several elastic elements 38. The damping fluid 35 and the elastic elements 38 are located within the support 21 body. The piston top plate 36 is slidably disposed at the opening of the support 21 body. The two ends of the elastic elements 38 are respectively abutted and connected to the piston top plate 36 and the support 21 body. The buffer pad 37 is fixedly connected to the piston top plate 36, and the end of the buffer pad 37 facing away from the piston top plate 36 abuts and engages with the counterweight chamber 14. Preferably, the second energy-absorbing box 32 has more elastic elements 38 than the first energy-absorbing box 31. The first energy-absorbing box 31 has 12 elastic elements 38, and the second energy-absorbing box 32 has 16 elastic elements 38. The elastic elements 38 are springs, and the stiffness coefficient of the springs should meet the maximum dynamic displacement requirement of the counterweight chamber 14. Preferably, the damping fluid 35 is a viscous damping fluid 35, and the spring and the viscous damping fluid 35 can better absorb energy from the upper track system.

[0063] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 12-14As shown, the supporting mechanism 4 includes two symmetrically arranged chassis 41. Each chassis 41 has a cat-ear 42 at its upper end, with a shaft hole 43 for inserting a rotating shaft 12. The shaft hole 43 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 12. The chassis 41 is fixedly connected to the concrete base 6. The bottom of the chassis 41 has a bolt groove 44, which is fixedly connected to the concrete base 6 by anchor bolts. Preferably, bolt grooves 44 are pre-drilled at the four corners of the bottom of the chassis 41 and fixedly connected to the concrete base 6 by anchor bolts. To ensure the structural strength and durability of the chassis 41, it is recommended that the chassis 41, cat-ear 42, shaft hole 43, and bolt groove 44 be integrally stamped.

[0064] In one embodiment, refer to Figures 15-16 As shown, according to the mechanical principle of this invention, when the device is in equilibrium, the dynamic displacements of both the trapezoidal sleeper (base) and the counterweight (oscillator) are 0, and the kinetic energy of the device is 0. When the device is under load (when a train passes), the dynamic displacements of the trapezoidal sleeper (base) and the counterweight (oscillator) are w1 and w2 respectively, and the kinetic energy of the device is:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, λ = b / a represents the amplification factor of the lever. Therefore, the equivalent dynamic mass of the oscillator is amplified by λ. 2 The number of times (increased from M to λ) 2 M), and at the same time, due to the equivalent oscillator λ 2 M and the matrix motion are completely consistent, so M can be considered as part of the matrix, thus increasing the equivalent dynamic mass of the matrix from M0 to (M0+λ). 2 This reduces the system's natural frequency (M), thereby improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0067] In one embodiment, the model is simulated and verified by establishing a finite-length trapezoidal sleeper track-tunnel-soil dynamic model. In the model: the rail, trapezoidal sleeper, and concrete base are simulated as Timoshenko beam elements; the tunnel is simulated as a cylindrical thin shell; the fasteners, sleeper damping pads, and soil are simulated as spring-damping elements; the applied load is the measured wheel-rail force spectrum of a subway line in southern China (refer to...). Figure 17 As shown in the figure, the x-axis represents the frequency, and the y-axis represents the wheel-rail force.

[0068] In Example 1, refer to Figure 18 As shown, the x-axis represents the center frequency of one-third octave band, the y-axis represents the acceleration level, circles indicate the absence of the device, and frames indicate the presence of the device. After installing the vibration reduction gain device of this invention (λ=10, M=10kg), the vibration acceleration level of the tunnel wall is significantly reduced in the 25~63Hz frequency band, with a reduction of approximately 18dB at 63Hz, demonstrating a significant vibration reduction effect.

[0069] In Example 2, refer to Figure 19 As shown, the x-axis represents the center frequency of one-third octave band, and the y-axis represents the acceleration level. Comparing the tunnel vibration acceleration levels under different lever ratios, the vibration reduction gain device of this invention shows that as λ increases (M = 10kg remains constant), the tunnel wall vibration acceleration level gradually decreases in the 25–63Hz frequency band, indicating a steady improvement in vibration reduction effect.

[0070] In Example 3, refer to Figure 20 As shown, the x-axis represents the center frequency of one-third octave band, and the y-axis represents the acceleration level. Comparing the tunnel vibration acceleration levels under different counterweights, the vibration reduction gain device of this invention shows that as M increases (remains constant), the tunnel wall vibration acceleration level gradually decreases in the 25–63 Hz frequency band, indicating a steady improvement in vibration reduction effect.

[0071] In one embodiment, in newly constructed lines, there is no need to adjust the stiffness of the under-sleeper rubber pads or the mass of the sleeper blocks. Simply installing the device of this invention on a standard trapezoidal sleeper track bed and adjusting the lever ratio λ and counterweight M allows the trapezoidal sleeper track bed to achieve three levels of vibration reduction: medium, high, and special. This not only reduces production and construction costs but also better ensures the uniformity of track structure stiffness along the track direction. In existing lines, there is no need to replace the under-sleeper rubber pads. Simply installing the device of this invention on the existing trapezoidal sleeper track bed and adjusting the lever ratio λ and counterweight M allows the trapezoidal sleeper track bed to restore or even improve its original vibration reduction performance. This offers multiple advantages, including simple construction procedures, short construction period, no impact on operation, and low cost. Adding the vibration reduction gain device of this invention to the track can multiply the equivalent dynamic mass of the system, thereby reducing the system's natural frequency and improving the vibration isolation performance of the trapezoidal sleepers, offering a lightweight advantage.

[0072] Other aspects of the trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle described in this invention are available in the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0073] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0074] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0075] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A vibration reduction and gain device for trapezoidal sleeper track bed based on the lever amplification principle, wherein the vibration reduction and gain device is disposed between two sleepers, characterized in that, include: Lever mechanism, force guiding mechanism, energy absorbing mechanism, and load-bearing mechanism; The force guiding mechanism and the energy absorbing mechanism are respectively fixed at both ends of the lever mechanism. The bearing mechanism is rotatably connected to the end of the lever mechanism near the force guiding mechanism as a fulcrum. The force guiding mechanism is connected to the two sleepers. The energy absorbing mechanism is fixedly connected to the concrete base. The lever mechanism is connected to the energy-absorbing mechanism at one end, where a counterweight compartment is provided. The lever mechanism further includes an end plate, a rotating shaft, and a truss plate. The end plate and the counterweight bin are respectively fixed at both ends of the truss plate. The rotating shaft passes through the end plate and is rotatably connected to the end plate. The counterweight chamber is provided with several compartments for placing counterweight blocks.

2. The trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The force guiding mechanism includes at least one set of supports, sleeves, force guiding rods, and connectors. The supports are detachably connected to the sleeves via the connectors. The supports and the sleeves form a cavity for the force guiding rods to be inserted. The force guiding rods are connected to the sleepers.

3. The trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing mechanism includes a first energy-absorbing box, a second energy-absorbing box, and a fixed steel channel. The counterweight chamber is sandwiched between the first energy-absorbing box and the second energy-absorbing box. Both the first energy-absorbing box and the second energy-absorbing box are connected to the fixed steel channel, which is connected to a concrete base.

4. The trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first and second energy-absorbing boxes are provided with a support body, damping fluid, piston top plate, buffer pad, and several elastic elements. The damping fluid and several elastic elements are located in the support body. The piston top plate is slidably disposed at the opening of the support body. The two ends of the elastic elements are respectively abutted and connected to the piston top plate and the support body. The buffer pad is fixedly connected to the piston top plate. The end of the buffer pad away from the piston top plate abuts and cooperates with the counterweight chamber.

5. The trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged chassis. The upper end of each chassis is provided with a cat's ear. Each cat's ear is provided with a shaft hole for the rotating shaft to be inserted. The shaft hole is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The chassis is fixedly connected to the concrete base.

6. The trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the chassis is provided with a bolt groove, which is fixedly connected to the concrete base by anchor bolts.

7. The trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed steel channel is shaped like a "Z". The first energy-absorbing box and the second energy-absorbing box are fixedly connected to the concrete base through the fixed steel channel, and the first energy-absorbing box is located above the second energy-absorbing box.

8. The trapezoidal sleeper track bed vibration reduction and gain device based on the lever amplification principle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support is L-shaped, with its short side fixedly connected to the end plate and its long side detachably connected to the sleeve.

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