High-efficiency counterattack type filter cake breaking device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of crushing equipment, and more particularly to a high-efficiency counterattack filter cake crushing device, comprising: a shell, the shell is provided with a crushing cavity, the top of the shell is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom of the shell is provided with a discharge port; a crushing knife assembly, comprising a cutter head rotatably arranged in the crushing cavity, a plurality of crushing knives arranged along the axial direction of the cutter head, a crushing gap formed between two adjacent crushing knives, a crushing side formed on one side of the cutter head, and the cutter head driving the crushing knives to rotate from top to bottom towards the crushing side; a grating screen, arranged on the side of the cutter head towards the crushing side in the crushing cavity, the grating screen comprising a plurality of grating teeth arranged along the axial direction of the cutter head, the grating teeth being capable of extending into the space between two adjacent crushing knives, and a section of the grating teeth close to the cutter head being inclined downward in a direction away from the cutter head. The present application optimizes the structure of the grating screen, effectively solving the problems existing in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crushing equipment, and more particularly to a high-efficiency impact filter cake crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] After filtering materials such as ash and coal slime, a filter press forms a filter cake. In subsequent processing such as rotary drying, carbonization, and transfer of the filtered material, the filter cake often needs to be pre-crushed.

[0003] For filter cake crushing, existing compound extrusion crushers have relatively low crushing speeds. Therefore, the applicant has developed a crusher capable of rapidly crushing filter cakes. This crusher features a shell with a crushing chamber, inside which a cutter disc and blades are installed. After the filter cake enters the shell, the rapidly rotating blades cut and eject the cake, resulting in impact crushing. However, the applicant discovered that filter cake pieces located near the cutter disc experience lower crushing rates due to the slower rotation speed of the blades in this position, thus affecting the overall crushing effect.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the filter cake crushing device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a high-efficiency impact filter cake crushing device. By optimizing the structure of the grate screen, it effectively solves the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a high-efficiency impact filter cake crushing device, comprising: a housing with a crushing chamber, a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom; a crushing blade assembly including a cutter disc rotatably disposed within the crushing chamber, and multiple crushing blades spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutter disc, forming a crushing gap between two adjacent crushing blades, with one side of the cutter disc forming a crushing side, the cutter disc driving the crushing blades to rotate from top to bottom toward the crushing side; and a grate screen disposed within the crushing chamber on the side of the cutter disc facing the crushing side, the grate screen including multiple grate teeth spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutter disc, the grate teeth being able to extend between two adjacent crushing blades, and the section of the grate teeth near the cutter disc inclined downwards in a direction away from the cutter disc.

[0007] Furthermore, the ends of the baffle teeth facing the cutter disc are lower than the center of the cutter disc.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer shell has an arc-shaped impact section in the upper part of the vertical plane near the center of the cutter head facing the crushing side, and a discharge section in the lower part; the distance between the portion of the outer shell in the arc-shaped impact section and the outer edge rotation trajectory of the crushing blade is h, and the distance between the portion of the outer shell in the discharge section and the outer edge rotation trajectory of the crushing blade is H, where H is greater than h; the baffle teeth are connected to the discharge section, and the baffle teeth are provided with a baffle portion near the outer edge rotation trajectory of the crushing blade.

[0009] Furthermore, the baffle teeth extend obliquely upward at the material blocking section position along the side facing the material breaking side.

[0010] Furthermore, the section of the baffle tooth facing the material breaking side at the material blocking part is formed as a right section, and the section of the baffle tooth facing the cutter head at the material blocking part is formed as a left section; the gap width between two adjacent right sections is greater than the gap width between two adjacent left sections.

[0011] Furthermore, the baffle teeth include a central part and side plates respectively disposed on both sides of the central part. The upper edge of the side plate is connected to the central part. The side plate is inclined outward from top to bottom along the direction away from the central part. The side plate is configured to be elastically rotatable around the upper edge of the side plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the side plate is hinged to the middle part, and the grating teeth also include a support rib disposed between the two side plates. The top of the support rib is connected to the middle part, and an elastic element is provided between the side plate and the support rib.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-section of the supporting rib is configured as an I-shape.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic element is configured as a spring, the side plate is connected to the top via an upper rubber sheet, and the lower end of the side plate is connected to the supporting rib via a lower rubber sheet.

[0015] Furthermore, a blade is provided on the top surface of the middle part at a position close to the outer edge of the cutting blade's rotation trajectory.

[0016] The beneficial effect of this invention lies in its simple structure. By optimizing the structure of the grate screen, the problems existing in the prior art are effectively solved. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at the middle ellipse.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along direction AA.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a top view of the diaphragm teeth in the illustrated embodiment.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment shows a cross-sectional view of the grating teeth at the blade position.

[0023] The components are as follows: 1. Outer shell; 101. Arc-shaped impact section; 102. Discharge section; 2. Crushing chamber; 3. Feed inlet; 4. Discharge outlet; 5. Cutter disc; 6. Crushing blade; 7. Grate teeth; 701. Middle section; 702. Side plate; 703. Support rib; 8. Material blocking section; 9. Spring; 10. Upper rubber sheet; 11. Lower rubber sheet; 12. Blade. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0025] It should be noted that many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral unit; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. However, specifying a direct connection indicates that the two connected entities do not establish a connection relationship through an intermediate structure, but are simply connected to form a whole through a connecting structure. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "below" the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0029] In this invention, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a high-efficiency impact filter cake crushing device is provided, comprising: a shell 1, wherein the shell 1 is provided with a crushing chamber 2, the top of the shell 1 is provided with a feed inlet 3 and the bottom is provided with a discharge outlet 4; a crushing blade assembly 6, including a cutter disc 5 rotatably disposed in the crushing chamber 2, and a plurality of crushing blades 6 spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutter disc 5, a crushing gap being formed between two adjacent crushing blades 6, one side of the cutter disc 5 forming a crushing side, the cutter disc 5 driving the crushing blades to rotate from top to bottom toward the crushing side; and a grate screen disposed in the crushing chamber 2 on the side of the cutter disc 5 facing the crushing side, the grate screen including a plurality of grate teeth 7 spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutter disc 5, the grate teeth 7 being able to extend between two adjacent crushing blades 6, and the section of the grate teeth 7 near the cutter disc 5 inclined downwards in a direction away from the cutter disc 5.

[0030] In use, the crushing device of this invention allows the filter cake to enter through the feed inlet 3. The cutter disc 5 drives the crushing blades 6 to rotate. Upon contact with the filter cake, the crushing blades 6 cut and crush it, simultaneously moving the filter cake towards the crushing side. The filter cake is further crushed after impacting the portion of the outer shell 1 located on the crushing side. When the filter cake moves to the grate screen position, small-diameter filter cake pieces fall through the space between two adjacent grate teeth 7. Larger filter cake pieces are blocked by the grate teeth 7, with some pieces slowing down and falling through the space between two grate teeth 7, while others remain on the upper side of the grate teeth 7. As the crusher 6 rotates from the upper side to the lower side of the grate screen, it further crushes the filter cake blocks on the upper side of the grate teeth 7 and continues to rotate downward to further crush the filter cake blocks that slip through (the filter cake blocks that are slowed down by the grate teeth 7). In this way, the large pieces of material can be further crushed in different areas through the grate screen, which can optimize the crushing effect, improve the crushing efficiency, and reduce the rotational resistance of the crusher 6 by crushing the large filter cake blocks in sections.

[0031] Furthermore, by setting the section of the baffle teeth 7 near the cutter disc 5 to be inclined, this invention promotes the separation of the filter cake block from the cutter disc 5 when the baffle teeth 7 contacts the filter cake block near the cutter disc 5, preventing the filter cake block from sticking to the cutter disc 5. Simultaneously, it promotes the downward movement of the filter cake block at the cutter disc 5 along the baffle teeth 7, facilitating the leakage of some filter cake block and filter cake fragments. As the filter cake block moves downward at the baffle teeth 7, it gradually moves to the area where the crushing blade 6 has a higher rotational speed, allowing it to be subjected to rapid cutting impact from the crushing blade 6 in this area, further improving the crushing effect. Through this design, this invention addresses the problem of slow crushing speed and poor crushing effect of the crushing blade 6 at the cutter disc 5 by slowing down large filter cake pieces near the cutter disc 5 and guiding them to the area where the crushing blade 6 rotates at a higher speed for crushing.

[0032] In the illustrated embodiment, a further optimization of the present invention is that the end of the baffle tooth 7 facing the cutter disc 5 is lower than the center of the cutter disc 5, as shown in the figure. This allows the filter cake block near the cutter disc 5 to be easily separated from the cutter disc 5 after being blocked by the baffle tooth 7, and the separated filter cake block can move relatively smoothly under the guidance of the baffle tooth 7.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, a further optimization of the present invention is that the outer shell 1 forms an arc-shaped impact section 101 in the upper section and a discharge section 102 in the lower section on the vertical plane near the center of the cutter head 5 facing the crushing side; the distance between the portion of the outer shell 1 in the arc-shaped impact section 101 and the outer edge rotation trajectory of the crushing blade 6 is h, and the distance between the portion of the outer shell 1 in the discharge section 102 and the outer edge rotation trajectory of the crushing blade 6 is H, wherein H is greater than h; the baffle teeth 7 are connected to the discharge section 102, and the baffle teeth 7 are provided with a baffle portion 8 at a position near the outer edge rotation trajectory of the crushing blade 6.

[0034] As shown in the figure, the upper section of the outer shell 1 on the right side is set in an arc shape, and the lower section is set in a vertically extending straight wall. This allows some filter cake blocks to collide and be crushed by centrifugal force when the crushing blade 6 rotates and moves the filter cake towards the crushing side. After the filter cake blocks move to the discharge section 102, the filter cake near the outer edge of the crushing blade 6 (this part of the filter cake is located at the outer edge of the crushing blade 6, with a higher rotation speed and better crushing degree) moves outward first due to centrifugal force and is discharged downward to the discharge section 102. At the same time, the baffle 8 can block the filter cake blocks (large filter cake blocks with lower crushing degree) moving downward from the cutter head 5 position of the baffle tooth 7, so as to facilitate the rapid impact crushing of the filter cake blocks by the area of ​​the crushing blade 6 with a higher rotation speed (near the edge position).

[0035] Of the two options mentioned above, for the arc-shaped counterattack segment 101, h is preferably greater than or equal to 2 cm and less than or equal to 4 cm.

[0036] In the illustrated embodiment, more specifically regarding the structure of the present invention, the baffle teeth 7 extend obliquely upward at the position of the material blocking part 8 along the side facing the material breaking side.

[0037] As shown in the figure, specifically, the left section of the grate tooth 7 extends diagonally downward to the right, and the right section of the grate tooth 7 extends diagonally upward to the right, so that the grate tooth 7 forms a downwardly bent material blocking part 8 area. With this setting, not only can the filter cake block sliding down the left side be quickly divided and crushed by the area where the crushing knife 6 rotates faster through the material blocking part 8, but also the filter cake block on the right side of the material blocking part 8 can be further divided and crushed.

[0038] The arrangement of the baffle 8 is not limited to the form shown in the figure. In optional embodiments, other forms may also be adopted, such as the baffle 8 being a protrusion on the top surface of the baffle tooth 7.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, a further optimization of the present invention is that the section of the baffle tooth 7 facing the material breaking side at the material blocking part 8 is formed as a right section, and the section of the baffle tooth 7 facing the cutter head 5 at the material blocking part 8 is formed as a left section; the gap width between two adjacent right sections is greater than the gap width between two adjacent left sections.

[0040] As shown in the figure, the top and side plates are set at the left section, and only the support ribs are set at the right end. By making the gap width of the grating teeth 7 at the right section wider than that at the left section, the filter cake block on the right side can be quickly discharged from the discharge section 102, thereby reducing the probability of filter cake blockage and sludge accumulation at the position where the crushing blade 6 cannot directly act.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, a further optimization of the present invention is that the baffle teeth 7 include a central part 8 and side plates 702 respectively disposed on both sides of the central part 8. The upper edge of the side plates 702 is connected to the central part 8. The side plates 702 are inclined outward from top to bottom along the direction away from the central part 8. The side plates 702 are configured to be elastically rotatable around the upper edge of the side plates 702.

[0042] By making the side plate 702 rotatable, when the filter cake blocks move above the grate teeth 7, some small-diameter filter cake blocks can be pushed down by the side plate 702 under the action of inertia and gravity, thus slowing down the flow of the filter cake blocks. Some filter cake blocks remaining at the position of the grate teeth 7, when impacted and separated by the crushing blade 6, are rotated inward by the side plate 702 to reduce the moving resistance of the crushing blade 6 and reduce the impact on its rotation. After the crushing blade 6 has passed, the side plate 702, during its repeated rotation after resetting, further promotes the downward leakage of filter cake blocks between adjacent grate teeth 7, thereby reducing the amount of filter cake blocks remaining on the upper side of the grate teeth 7.

[0043] In the embodiment shown in the figure, for the structure of the grating tooth 7 of the present invention, more specifically, as shown in the figure, the side plate 702 is hinged to the middle part 8, and the grating tooth 7 also includes a support rib 703 disposed between the two side plates 702. The top of the support rib 703 is connected to the middle part 8, and an elastic element is provided between the side plate 702 and the support rib 703.

[0044] As shown in the figure, the support rib 703 serves as the support structure for the baffle teeth 7. The separate top and side plates 702 facilitate the separate processing of the baffle teeth 7. The elastic element provided between the side plate 702 and the support rib 703 ensures that the side plate 702 has sufficient rotational elasticity.

[0045] In the embodiment shown in the figure, in order to increase the structural strength of the baffle teeth 7, a further optimization of the present invention is that the cross-section of the support rib 703 is set in an I-shape, which can increase the bending strength of the support rib 703.

[0046] In the embodiment shown in the figure, specifically regarding the structure of the present invention, the elastic element is configured as a spring 9, the side plate 702 is connected to the top via an upper rubber sheet 10, and the lower end of the side plate 702 is connected to the support rib 703 via a lower rubber sheet 11. As shown, by using the upper rubber sheet 10 to connect the side plate 702 and the top, a rotatable connection between the side plate 702 and the top can be achieved, and filter cake residue can be prevented from affecting the rotatable connection between the side plate 702 and the top. By using the lower rubber sheet 11 to connect the side plate 702 and the support rib 703, filter cake residue can be prevented from entering the spring 9 position, thus ensuring the normal operation of the spring 9.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, a further optimization of the present invention is that a blade 12 is provided on the top surface of the middle part 8 near the outer edge rotation trajectory of the crushing blade 6. As shown in the figure, the bending position of the grate tooth 7 is located at the outer edge rotation trajectory of the crushing blade 6. The blade 12 is provided on the top surface of the grate tooth 7 at the bending position. This allows the blade 12 to further crush the filter cake on the upper side of the grate tooth 7 when the crushing blade 6 rotates downward to divide and crush it, thereby further reducing the rotational resistance at the edge of the crushing blade 6.

[0048] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0049] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency impact filter cake crushing device, characterized in that, include: The outer shell has a crushing chamber, and the top of the outer shell has a feed inlet and the bottom has a discharge outlet; The crushing blade assembly includes a cutter disc rotatably disposed in the crushing chamber, a plurality of crushing blades spaced apart along the axial direction of the cutter disc, a crushing gap being formed between two adjacent crushing blades, and a crushing side being formed on one side of the cutter disc. The cutter disc drives the crushing blades to rotate from top to bottom toward the crushing side. A grate screen is provided in the crushing chamber on the side of the cutter disc facing the crushing side. The grate screen includes a plurality of grate teeth arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the cutter disc. The grate teeth can extend between two adjacent cutter discs, and the section of the grate teeth near the cutter disc is inclined downwards in a direction away from the cutter disc. The left section of the grate tooth extends diagonally downward to the right, and the right section extends diagonally upward to the right, thus forming a downwardly bent material-blocking area. The ends of the baffle teeth facing the cutter head are lower than the center of the cutter head; The outer shell has an arc-shaped counterattack section in the upper part of the vertical plane near the center of the cutter head, facing the crushing side, and a discharge section in the lower part; The distance between the portion of the outer shell in the arc-shaped impact section and the rotation trajectory of the outer edge of the crusher blade is h, and the distance between the portion of the outer shell in the discharge section and the rotation trajectory of the outer edge of the crusher blade is H, where H is greater than h; The baffle teeth are connected to the discharge section, and the baffle teeth are provided with a material blocking part at a position close to the outer edge rotation trajectory of the crusher blade; The baffle teeth include a central section and side plates respectively disposed on both sides of the central section. The upper edge of the side plates is connected to the central section, and the side plates are inclined outward from top to bottom in a direction away from the central section. The side plates are configured to be elastically rotatable around the upper edge of the side plates. The baffle teeth also include a support rib disposed between the two side plates. The top of the support rib is connected to the central section, and an elastic element is provided between the side plates and the support rib. The top surface in the middle is provided with a blade near the outer edge of the cutting blade's rotation trajectory.

2. The high-efficiency impact filter cake crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle teeth extend obliquely upward at the material blocking section along the side facing the material breaking side.

3. The high-efficiency impact filter cake crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The section of the baffle tooth facing the material breaking side at the material blocking part is formed as a right section, and the section of the baffle tooth facing the cutter head at the material blocking part is formed as a left section; The gap width between two adjacent right segments is greater than the gap width between two adjacent left segments.

4. The high-efficiency impact filter cake crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the supporting rib is set in an I-shape.

5. The high-efficiency impact filter cake crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is configured as a spring, the side plate and the top are connected by an upper rubber sheet, and the lower edge of the side plate is connected to the supporting rib by a lower rubber sheet.

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