Analysis method, storage medium and storage device for salt anticline evolution process

Abstract

The present invention discloses an analysis method for the evolution process of a salt anticline, which fully considers the fluidity of salt and the regular characteristics of stratum deposition during the geological evolution process, provides a quantitative analysis method for the evolution process of a salt anticline, clarifies the fluidity characteristics of salt layers, and establishes a geometric and quantitative model for the evolution process of a salt anticline. In the quantitative analysis process, for the salt anticline structure, a geological model of equal scale is established using data such as seismic profiles; the strata in the geological model are layered and calibrated in accordance with research needs; quantitative data reflecting the growth characteristics of the salt anticline in the time period can be obtained through changes in the thickness of stratum deposition in different calibrated stratum sections; the quantitative data reflecting the growth characteristics of the salt anticline in different time periods are combined with geological ages, so that the process and characteristics of the deformation of the salt-bearing anticline structure can be characterized from a temporal and spatial scale.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of basin structural evolution characteristic analysis, and in particular to an analysis method, storage medium and storage device for the evolution process of a salt anticline. Background Art

[0002] Salt anticline structure is a type of salt structure widely developed in saline basins. The formation and development of salt anticline structure are closely related to the evolution of saline basins and the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs. The evolution process and characteristics of salt anticline structure have always attracted much attention from academia and industry. Due to the mobility of salt, quantitative research on the evolution of salt structure has always been a difficult point in research in this field. Current research mainly conducts qualitative research on salt structures in a certain area, and it is impossible to accurately invert the evolution process and characteristics of salt anticlines, and it is impossible to provide data support for the formation and evolution of saline basins and oil and gas exploration. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an analysis method, storage medium and storage device for quantitatively revealing the evolution process of salt anticline. The method establishes the evolution process and characteristic curve of salt anticline based on quantitative analysis, realizes quantitative characterization of the change characteristics of salt anticline structure on a time scale, and then realizes a quantitative description of the evolution process and characteristics of salt anticline structure, providing data support for the formation and evolution of salt basins and oil and gas exploration.

[0004] Technical solution: A method for analyzing the evolution process of a salt anticline of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0005] (1) Establish a geological model including the complete salt anticline based on the changes in the structural characteristics of the salt anticline;

[0006] (2) Establishing the pin line in the area where the structural deformation of the geological model is the weakest;

[0007] (3) Divide and mark the stratigraphic age of the geological model to form several marker layers;

[0008] (4) Identify and characterize the contour range of the salt anticline in the geological model and establish the top and bottom contours;

[0009] (5) For any marker layer, flatten the marker layer, adjust the outline of the salt layer according to the principle of keeping the thickness of the formation consistent, and adjust the top surface outline of the salt layer according to the principle of keeping the vertical distance constant; use the distance to the nail line as the X-axis and the sedimentary formation thickness as the Y-axis to achieve data visualization and establish a distribution map of the thickness of the salt formation, where the vertical line passing through the lowest point in the salt anticline development area represents the center line of the salt anticline, the distance from the center line to the rightmost nail line represents the center position of the salt anticline, and the maximum thickness difference represents the vertical scale of the salt anticline;

[0010] (6) For all marker layers, repeat step (5) until the data of all marker layers are counted;

[0011] (7) The changes in the central position and vertical scale of the salt anticline are matched with geological age data to obtain a quantitative change curve reflecting the growth characteristics of the salt anticline.

[0012] Furthermore, the step (1) is mainly based on seismic profile analysis, combined with field outcrop analysis and drilling data to establish a geological model.

[0013] Wherein, in said step (1), the seismic reflection characteristics of different strata and lithologies are established through the well-seismic joint profile, the main reflection characteristics in the seismic profile are identified, and the geological model is established.

[0014] Furthermore, before establishing the nail line in step (2), the horizontal and vertical scales of the geological model are calibrated and converted so that the horizontal and vertical scales in the geological model remain consistent and are proportional. If the horizontal and vertical scales of the geological model are not proportional, the salt anticline model obtained subsequently will deviate from the real model, but it can still reflect its evolution trend.

[0015] Furthermore, the marker layers in step (3) are refined or merged into stratigraphic age marker layers according to research needs, named as evolutionary marker layers, and marked with serial numbers from bottom to top, representing different time nodes of the evolutionary model.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (5), the leveling of the marker layer and the adjustment of the top surface profile of the salt anticline according to the principle of keeping the vertical thickness unchanged are completed by setting a series of vertical marker lines on the manual marker layer.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (5), the leveling of the marker layer and the adjustment of the top surface profile of the salt anticline according to the principle of keeping the vertical thickness constant can be done manually or with the help of geological software.

[0018] The geological software is one of LandMark, GeoEast, 2Dmove or 3Dmove, or any other geological software that can realize the operations of leveling the marker layer and adjusting the top surface contour of the salt anticline according to the principle of unchanged vertical thickness.

[0019] A storage medium of the present invention is used for computer-readable storage, and the storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the steps of the above-mentioned analysis method of the salt anticline evolution process.

[0020] A storage device of the present invention comprises a controller, a memory, a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the controller, and a data bus for realizing connection and communication between the controller and the memory, wherein when the computer program is executed by the controller, the steps of the analysis method of the salt anticline evolution process as described above are realized.

[0021] Principle of analysis method: The present invention reflects the evolution process and characteristics of the salt anticline by quantitatively analyzing the sedimentary strata overlying the salt anticline structure, and obtains the quantitative data of the centerline position and vertical scale of the salt anticline structure at different geological time nodes by quantitatively processing the geological model. The quantitative data of the centerline position and vertical scale of the salt anticline structure at different geological time nodes are matched with the geological age to establish the digital curve characteristics reflecting the evolution characteristics of the salt anticline structure.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0023] (1) The present invention fully considers the fluidity of salt and the regular characteristics of stratum deposition during the geological evolution process, provides a quantitative analysis method for the evolution process of salt anticlines, clarifies the fluidity characteristics of salt layers, and establishes a geometric and quantitative model for the evolution process of salt anticlines. Fully considering the fluidity characteristics of salt layers in salt structures, based on the principle that salt layer flow is closely related to stratum deposition, the geometric morphology of salt anticlines at different periods is quantitatively characterized by the thickness changes of the sedimentary strata on the salt at different periods, and the formation characteristics of salt anticlines are revealed by establishing the relationship between the changes in the development center of salt anticlines over time.

[0024] (2) The present invention uses quantitative analysis of sedimentary strata on salt to characterize the salt structure morphology, which solves the problem that salt structures are difficult to directly and quantitatively characterize due to the fluidity of salt layers. At the same time, through the changes in the centerline position of the salt anticline and the thickness of the anticline, the quantitative analysis of the evolution process and characteristics of the salt anticline is realized. It provides an effective quantitative analysis method for the study of salt structure deformation and salt basins. It provides quantitative data for the deformation and evolution of salt-bearing structural basins and provides parameters for oil and gas exploration and exploitation in salt basins. It has the advantages of wide applicability, convenient operation, and reliable data.

[0025] (3) The present invention further converts the horizontal and vertical scales of the geological model by scaling the geological model, thereby achieving consistency in the horizontal and vertical scales of the geological model, effectively reducing deviations, and making the subsequently obtained salt anticline model closer to the real model and more accurately reflecting its evolution trend. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is the geological model, marker layer stratification and salt top contour determination in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, how to quantify the development characteristics of a salt anticline during a marker layer period;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of establishing the quantitative characteristics of a salt anticline by using the thickness change of the overlying strata of the salt structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, a curve diagram reflecting the evolution process and characteristics of the salt anticline is established by corresponding the quantitative data of the salt anticline structure in different geological periods to the geological age;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The analysis method of the salt anticline evolution process of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) According to the changes in the structural characteristics of the salt anticline, a geological model including the complete salt anticline is established. This is mainly based on seismic profile analysis, combined with field outcrop analysis and drilling data. Through the well-seismic joint profile, the seismic reflection characteristics of different strata and lithologies are established, the main reflection characteristics in the seismic profile are identified, and the geological model is established;

[0035] (2) The horizontal and vertical scales of the geological model are calibrated and converted to ensure that the horizontal and vertical scales in the geological model remain consistent, that is, the geological model is proportional, and the pin line is established in the area with the weakest structural deformation;

[0036] (3) Divide and mark the stratigraphic age of the geological model. According to research needs, further refine or merge the stratigraphic age marker layers and name them as evolution marker layers. They are marked as 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. from bottom to top, representing different time nodes of the evolution model.

[0037] (4) Identify and characterize the contour range of the salt anticline in the geological model and establish the top surface contour line;

[0038] (5) For marker layer 1, the top surface contour of the salt layer is adjusted according to the principle of unchanged vertical distance by flattening the marker layer using geological software or manually; the thickness distribution map of the upper salt strata is established with the distance to the nail line as the X-axis and the thickness of the sedimentary strata as the Y-axis. The vertical line passing through the lowest point in the salt anticline development area represents the center line of the salt anticline, the distance from the center line to the rightmost nail line represents the center position of the salt anticline, and the maximum thickness difference represents the vertical scale of the salt anticline.

[0039] (6) For all marker layers, repeat step (5) until the data of all marker layers are counted.

[0040] (7) By matching the changes in the central position and vertical scale of the salt anticline with geological age data, a quantitative change curve reflecting the growth characteristics of the salt anticline can be obtained. This curve can show the change process of the position and vertical scale of the salt anticline over time.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] In this embodiment, the Dawanqi salt anticline in the Kuche Depression is selected as the analysis object, and the analysis method of its evolution process includes the following steps:

[0043] (1) According to the structural characteristics of the salt anticline in the study area, a geological model including the complete salt anticline is established: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the Dawanqi salt anticline in the Kuche Depression selected in this example has rich oil and gas resources around the salt anticline. A geological model is established through high-precision three-dimensional seismic profiles and drilling data.

[0044] (2) Unify the horizontal and vertical scales of the geological model to achieve proportionality: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the seismic profile of the Kuche Depression in this example has completed the time-depth conversion during acquisition, and the proportional model can be obtained by converting the horizontal and vertical scales to be consistent. The stress in the deformation area of ​​the Kuche Depression comes from the north, so the southernmost vertical line is selected as the pin line.

[0045] (3) Divide and identify the stratigraphic age of the geological model: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, since the main deformation period in the study area was the deposition period of the Kuche Formation (N2k), the Kuche Formation strata are further divided into four stages, and the Kangcun Formation is further divided into two stages. In this example, all marker layers are named according to geological age, from bottom to top, N1-2k(1), N1-2k(2), N2k(1), N2k(2), N2k(3), N2k(4), and Q.

[0046] (4) Identify and characterize the contour range of the salt anticline in the geological model. The reflection of the salt layer is chaotic and disordered, which is significantly different from the reflection characteristics of the overlying sedimentary strata, thereby establishing the contours of the top and bottom surfaces.

[0047] (5) For any marker layer, flatten the marker layer: In this example, the flattening of all marker layers is completed in the geological software 3Dmove. Figure 2As shown in the figure, taking the N1-2k(1) layer as an example, it is shown in detail how to determine the quantitative data of the development characteristics of the salt anticline during this period. First, the N1-2k(1) layer is flattened, and then the outline of the salt layer is adjusted according to the principle of keeping the thickness of the formation consistent. Finally, the distance to the nail line is used as the X-axis and the thickness of the sedimentary formation is used as the Y-axis to achieve data visualization and establish a distribution map of the thickness of the salt formation. The vertical line passing through the lowest point in the salt anticline development area represents the center line of the salt anticline, the distance from the center line to the rightmost nail line represents the center position of the salt anticline, and the maximum thickness difference represents the vertical scale of the salt anticline.

[0048] (6) For all marker layers, repeat step 5 until the data of all marker layers are counted. Figure 3 shown.

[0049] (7) By matching the changes in the central position and vertical scale of the salt anticline with the geological age data, we can obtain a quantitative change curve reflecting the growth characteristics of the salt anticline, such as Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2, the growth of salt anticlines is directly related to regional stress and sedimentary environment, so the growth curve can be used to analyze the structural characteristics and stress environment of the basin.

[0050] In the description of this embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "time-depth conversion", "E2-3s" and other specific operations or the naming of stratigraphic marker layers are only for the convenience of describing the specific implementation steps of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the method referred to must perform the relevant steps or naming methods, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. The specific layering scheme adopted in this example is only to illustrate the technical solution and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the geological software 3Dmove is used to complete the stratum leveling in this example, it does not mean that such operations of the present invention can only be completed in 3Dmove, and other similar software or manual operations can also be completed.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the evolution of a salt anticline, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Establish a geological model including the complete salt anticline based on the structural characteristics of the salt anticline; (2) Establishing the pin line in the area where the structural deformation of the geological model is the weakest; (3) Divide and mark the stratigraphic age of the geological model to form several marker layers; (4) Identify and characterize the contour range of the salt anticline in the geological model and establish the top and bottom contours; (5) For any marker layer, flatten the marker layer, adjust the contour of the salt layer according to the principle of keeping the thickness of the formation consistent, and adjust the top surface contour of the salt layer according to the principle of keeping the vertical distance constant; With the distance to the nail line as the X-axis and the thickness of the sedimentary strata as the Y-axis, data visualization is achieved and a distribution map of the thickness of the upper salt strata is established, where the vertical line passing through the lowest point in the salt anticline development area represents the center line of the salt anticline, the distance from the center line to the rightmost nail line represents the center position of the salt anticline, and the maximum thickness difference represents the vertical scale of the salt anticline; (6) For all marker layers, repeat step (5) until the data of all marker layers are counted; (7) The changes in the central position and vertical scale of the salt anticline are matched with the geological age data to obtain a quantitative change curve reflecting the growth characteristics of the salt anticline.

2. The method for analyzing the evolution of salt anticline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (1) is mainly based on seismic profile analysis, combined with field outcrop analysis and drilling data to establish a geological model.

3. The method for analyzing the evolution of salt anticline according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step (1), the seismic reflection characteristics of different strata and lithologies are established through the well-seismic joint profile, the main reflection characteristics in the seismic profile are identified, and the geological model is established.

4. The method for analyzing the evolution of salt anticline according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before establishing the nail line in step (2), the horizontal and vertical scales of the geological model are calibrated and converted so that the horizontal and vertical scales in the geological model remain consistent and are proportional.

5. The method for analyzing the evolution of salt anticline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marker layers in step (3) are refined or merged into stratigraphic age marker layers according to research needs, named evolutionary marker layers, and marked with serial numbers from bottom to top, representing different time nodes of the evolutionary model.

6. The method for analyzing the evolution of salt anticline according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), the leveling of the marker layer and the adjustment of the top surface profile of the salt anticline according to the principle of constant vertical thickness are completed by setting a series of vertical marker lines on the manual marker layer.

7. The method for analyzing the evolution of salt anticline according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (5), the leveling of the marker layer and the adjustment of the top surface contour of the salt anticline according to the principle of keeping the vertical thickness constant are completed by relying on geological software.

8. The method for analyzing the evolution of salt anticline according to claim 7, characterized in that: The geological software is one of LandMark, GeoEast, 2Dmove or 3Dmove.

9. A storage medium for computer-readable storage, characterized in that: The storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the steps of the analysis method of the salt anticline evolution process described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A storage device, characterized in that: The storage device includes a controller, a memory, a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the controller, and a data bus for realizing connection and communication between the controller and the memory, wherein when the computer program is executed by the controller, the steps of the analysis method of the salt anticline evolution process as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 are implemented.

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