A moisture-absorbing, quick-drying, anti-static and dust-proof yarn, a preparation method thereof and a fabric

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of textile materials, and specifically relates to a moisture-absorbing, quick-drying, anti-static and dust-proof yarn and a preparation method and fabric thereof, and comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining modified nylon chips by in-situ polymerization of reaction monomers, water-soluble monomers and dispersion monomers and then slicing; S2, obtaining a special cross-section composite filament by spinning and winding, with polyvinyl chloride chips as core layer raw materials and the modified nylon chips as skin layer raw materials, and the winding mode being a skein; S3, obtaining a leaflet-holed composite filament by pretreatment in the skein state; and S4, obtaining a yarn. The present application realizes alkali-soluble modified nylon and the communication between the holes and grooves by changing monomers and skein alkali treatment, solves the technical defects of the prior art, such as moisture absorption and accumulation in the holes and general sweat-removing effect by only relying on the wicking effect, and avoids the difference in the number and quality of micropores of the inner and outer composite filaments compared with the bobbin filament treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile materials technology, specifically to a yarn that is moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-proof, as well as its preparation method and fabric. Background Technology

[0002] Textiles require good comfort and functionality. Nylon fiber has a natural cooling sensation, and due to its low modulus, fabrics made from it are soft and elastic. However, because nylon fiber has a high moisture regain rate of up to 4.5%, sweat is trapped in the inner layers of the fiber, resulting in poor moisture absorption and quick-drying properties. Therefore, when wearing nylon fabrics during exercise and sweating, the fabric tends to stick to the body and fails to keep the skin dry. Current technologies do not offer nylon yarns that combine moisture absorption, quick-drying properties with antistatic and dust-repellent functions. There is an urgent need to develop a yarn and fabric that combines these features.

[0003] Regarding antistatic and dustproof properties, the following three technologies are currently mainly used: The first type is conductive metal fibers, which produce clothing with good antistatic capabilities. However, their high cost, poor hand feel, and inability to be dyed have slowed their adoption. They are widely used in protective clothing for special industries, but not commonly seen in the field of conventional clothing. The second type involves adding carbon black or other conductive powders during the spinning process, or sometimes adding a certain amount of antistatic agents, to give the fibers, fabrics, and finished garments a certain degree of antistatic properties. However, due to the presence of conductive powders, the fibers often have a certain color or the antistatic effect is generally weak. The third type involves applying an antistatic additive coating to the finished fiber products to give the fabric an antistatic effect, but this results in a stiffer hand feel and poor washability.

[0004] Regarding moisture absorption and wicking, the following four technologies are currently mainly used: First, adding hydrophilic agents during the spinning process to increase the moisture absorption and wicking properties of the fibers; second, changing the cross-sectional shape of the fibers during the spinning process, such as trefoil, cross, or pentagon shapes, utilizing the capillary effect generated by the micro-grooves on the fiber surface to allow sweat to migrate quickly to the surface of the fabric and disperse through wicking, diffusion, and transport, thereby achieving a certain moisture absorption and wicking effect; third, adding substances with porous structures such as bamboo charcoal and volcanic rock during the chemical fiber spinning process to give the fibers a certain moisture absorption and wicking function; and fourth, adding moisture-absorbing and wicking auxiliaries during the dyeing and finishing stage to give the fiber products a certain moisture absorption and wicking function.

[0005] The technology of creating pores on the fiber surface is generally applied to polyester fibers. One method of creating pores is to decompose the polymer, and another is to dissolve inorganic particles, as illustrated in Chinese patent publication (CN103603070A). Existing technologies include porous polyamides, but their pore-creating method involves alkali-soluble polyester in the second component undergoing alkali hydrolysis. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a yarn that is moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-proof, as well as its preparation method and fabric.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for preparing a yarn that is moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-resistant includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Prepare polyvinyl chloride chips and modified nylon chips, wherein the modified nylon chips are prepared by in-situ polymerization of reactive monomers, water-soluble monomers and dispersed monomers and then slicing them. The mass fraction of the water-soluble monomers is 1%-15%, and the mass fraction of the dispersed monomers is 0.1%-3%.

[0010] S2. Using polyvinyl chloride chips as the core material and modified nylon chips as the sheath material, a composite filament with an irregular cross section is obtained by passing through a twin-screw extruder, a composite spinning box, a core-sheath composite spinneret, and side-blowing cooling, stretching, heat setting, and winding. The outer ring of the irregular cross section has multiple lobes and axially extending grooves between adjacent lobes, and the winding method is skein yarn.

[0011] S3. Pretreatment is performed in the form of skein yarn to obtain composite filaments with leaf-shaped openings. The pretreatment agents used include liquid alkali, nylon refining agent, and chelating dispersant. The treatment temperature is 80℃-110℃ and the treatment time is 30min-60min.

[0012] S4. The composite filament with leaf openings from step S3 is spun into yarn using a twisting yarn spinning process.

[0013] Preferably, the reactant monomer is caprolactam.

[0014] Preferably, the in-situ polymerization process in step S1 is as follows: after being heated to 160℃-200℃ by a preheater, the preheated caprolactam, water-soluble monomer, and dispersed monomer are mixed by a static mixer and then enter a polymerizer with stirring. The reaction is carried out under nitrogen protection at a reaction temperature of 240℃-300℃. The material is discharged from the bottom of the polymerizer and transported by a melt gear pump. After being cast and pelletized, the material enters a pre-extraction tank, an extraction tower, and a drying tower at a drying temperature of 120℃-180℃. After leaving the drying tower, the material enters a cooling tower and is cooled to obtain the copolymer product.

[0015] Preferably, the water-soluble monomer is vinylimidazole and / or dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and the dispersing monomer includes vinyl alcohol and acrylic acid.

[0016] Preferably, the modified nylon chips also contain zirconium ethoxide or zirconium oxide, with the mass fraction of zirconium ethoxide or zirconium oxide being 0.5%-6%.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the modified nylon skin to the polyvinyl chloride core is 30:70-70:30.

[0018] Preferably, the concentrations of each auxiliary agent in step S3 are 2%-5% liquid alkali, 3%-10% nylon refining agent, and 3%-10% chelating dispersant.

[0019] The present invention also provides a moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-proof yarn prepared by the above preparation method. The composite filament is composed of a polyvinyl chloride core layer and a modified nylon sheath layer, and the outer ring of the cross-section shape has multiple leaf-shaped lobes. Each leaf-shaped lobe is a modified nylon sheath layer. Grooves are formed between adjacent leaf-shaped lobes, and several through holes connected to the grooves are distributed on each leaf-shaped lobe.

[0020] The present invention further provides a fabric woven from yarn that is moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-proof.

[0021] Preferably, the fabric includes an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer having a raised structure and the outer layer having a mesh structure, the raised structure being a padding structure, and the yarn used in the padding structure being a moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-proof yarn.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention achieves alkali-soluble modified nylon by modifying the monomer and synergistically treating the yarn with alkali, and realizes the interconnection of pores and grooves. This overcomes the technical shortcomings of existing microporous fiber preparation technologies, such as the lack of interconnection between pores leading to moisture absorption and accumulation, and reliance solely on wicking for perspiration with limited effectiveness. The resulting water absorption rate exceeds 250%, and the moisture permeability reaches 11000 g / (m²). 2 Compared to existing powder addition or embedding modification technologies such as bamboo charcoal, this invention preserves the physical and mechanical properties of fibers (24h and above). Compared to the treatment of filament bobbins, it avoids the difference in the number and quality of micropores in the inner and outer composite filaments, ensuring that the yarn has good and stable moisture absorption, perspiration wicking and quick-drying properties. This invention uses dispersed monomers to protect and stabilize the polymerization reaction and ensure uniform dispersion of monomers, thereby promoting the stable moisture absorption, perspiration wicking and quick-drying properties of subsequent fiber products.

[0024] This invention utilizes the principle of opposite polarity of triboelectric charges. Nylon loses electrons during friction, while polyvinyl chloride gains electrons during the friction process. The charges of the two materials neutralize each other, eliminating static electricity and preventing dust from being actively adsorbed due to static electricity, thus providing antistatic and dustproof properties. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Example 1

[0026] This embodiment provides a yarn that is moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dustproof, with a linear density of 50D / 24f. Each composite filament is composed of a polyvinyl chloride core layer and a modified nylon sheath layer, and the cross-sectional shape is a three-lobed groove type with three lobes on the outer ring. Each lobe is a modified nylon sheath layer, and a groove is formed between two adjacent lobes. Several through holes connected to the groove are distributed on each lobe.

[0027] The method for preparing this yarn includes the following steps:

[0028] S1. Prepare polyvinyl chloride chips and modified nylon chips. The modified nylon chips are prepared by in-situ polymerization of caprolactam, 5% water-soluble monomer, 2% dispersing monomer and 2% UV stabilizer, followed by chipping. The water-soluble monomer is vinylimidazole, the dispersing monomer is vinyl alcohol and acrylic acid, and the UV stabilizer is zirconium oxide.

[0029] The in-situ polymerization process is as follows: after being heated to 180°C in a preheater, the preheated caprolactam, water-soluble monomer, dispersing monomer, and UV stabilizer are mixed in a static mixer and then enter a polymerizer with stirring. The reaction is carried out under nitrogen protection with a purity of ≥99.999% at a reaction temperature of 280°C. The material is discharged from the bottom of the polymerizer and transported by a melt gear pump. After being cast into a strip and pelletized, it enters a pre-extraction tank, an extraction tower, and a drying tower. It is extracted in pure water at 80°C and dried in nitrogen at 150°C. After leaving the drying tower, it enters a cooling tower and is cooled to obtain the copolymer product.

[0030] S2. Using polyvinyl chloride chips as the core material and modified nylon chips as the sheath material, the mass ratio of the modified nylon sheath to the polyvinyl chloride core is 50:50. The composite filament with a trilobal profile is obtained by passing it through a twin-screw extruder, a composite spinning box, a core-sheath composite spinneret, and side-blowing cooling, stretching, heat setting, and winding. The outer ring of the profile has three lobes and axially extending grooves between adjacent lobes, and the winding method is skein yarn.

[0031] S3. Pretreatment is performed in the form of skein yarn to obtain composite filaments with leaf-shaped openings. The pretreatment agents include 3% liquid alkali, 5% nylon refining agent, and 3% chelating dispersant. The treatment temperature is 100℃ and the treatment time is 60min.

[0032] S4. The composite filament with leaf openings from step S3 is spun into yarn using a ring spinning twisting process.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] This embodiment provides a yarn that is moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dustproof, with a linear density of 150D / 72f. Each composite filament is composed of a polyvinyl chloride core layer and a modified nylon sheath layer, and the cross-sectional shape is a three-lobed grooved type with multiple lobes on the outer ring. Each lobe is a modified nylon sheath layer, and a groove is formed between two adjacent lobes. Several through holes connected to the groove are distributed on each lobe.

[0035] The method for preparing this yarn includes the following steps:

[0036] S1. Prepare polyvinyl chloride chips and modified nylon chips. The modified nylon chips are prepared by in-situ polymerization of caprolactam, 10% water-soluble monomer, 3% dispersing monomer and 3% UV stabilizer, followed by chipping. The water-soluble monomer is dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, the dispersing monomer is vinyl alcohol and acrylic acid, and the UV stabilizer is zirconium ethoxide.

[0037] The in-situ polymerization process is as follows: after being heated to 180°C in a preheater, the preheated caprolactam, water-soluble monomer, dispersing monomer, and UV stabilizer are mixed in a static mixer and then enter a polymerizer with stirring. The reaction is carried out under nitrogen protection with a purity of ≥99.999% at a reaction temperature of 280°C. The material is discharged from the bottom of the polymerizer and transported by a melt gear pump. After being cast into a strip and pelletized, it enters a pre-extraction tank, an extraction tower, and a drying tower. It is extracted in pure water at 80°C and dried in nitrogen at 150°C. After leaving the drying tower, it enters a cooling tower and is cooled to obtain the copolymer product.

[0038] S2. Using polyvinyl chloride chips as the core material and modified nylon chips as the sheath material, the mass ratio of the modified nylon sheath to the polyvinyl chloride core is 70:30. The three-lobed profile composite filament is obtained by passing through a twin-screw extruder, a composite spinning box, a core-sheath composite spinneret, and side-blowing cooling, stretching, heat setting, and winding. The outer ring of the profile has three lobes and axially extending grooves between adjacent lobes, and the winding method is skein yarn.

[0039] S3. Pretreatment is performed in the form of skein yarn to obtain composite filaments with leaf-shaped openings. The pretreatment agents include 3% liquid alkali, 8% nylon refining agent, and 5% chelating dispersant. The treatment temperature is 100℃ and the treatment time is 60min.

[0040] S4. The composite filament with leaf openings from step S3 is spun into yarn using a ring spinning twisting process.

[0041] Comparative Example 1

[0042] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the spinning and winding method uses bobbins and the same pretreatment process is performed in the form of long filament bobbins.

[0043] Comparative Example 2

[0044] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the modified nylon chip raw material does not contain water-soluble monomers.

[0045] Fabrics were woven from the yarns of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2, respectively, and their moisture-wicking and quick-drying properties were tested according to GB / T 21655.1-2008. The fabrics consist of an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer has a raised structure, and the outer layer has a mesh structure. The raised structure is a 2x5 padding weave, and the yarn used for the padding weave is a moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-repellent yarn. The mesh structure is a tucked mesh weave, which is woven from polyester filament and moisture-wicking, quick-drying yarn. The weight is (190±10) g / m². 2 .

[0046] Water absorption rate (%) Cubic suction height (mm / 30min) Drying rate (g / h) <![CDATA[Water vapor permeability (g / (m 2 ·24 h))]]> Example 1 326 198 0.28 <![CDATA[1.15*10 4 ]]> Example 2 298 193 0.23 <![CDATA[1.11*10 4 ]]> Comparative Example 1 212 108 0.16 9000 Comparative Example 2 83 67 0.07 3000

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only illustrative of the principles of this invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fabric, characterized in that: The fabric includes an inner layer and an outer layer. The inner layer has a raised structure, and the outer layer has a mesh structure. The raised structure is a padding structure, and the yarn used for the padding structure is a moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-proof yarn. The moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-proof yarn is composed of a polyvinyl chloride core and a modified nylon sheath. The outer ring of the cross-section has multiple leaf-shaped lobes, each of which is a modified nylon sheath. Grooves are formed between adjacent leaf-shaped lobes, and several through holes connected to the grooves are distributed on each leaf-shaped lobe. The method for preparing the moisture-wicking, quick-drying, antistatic, and dust-proof yarn includes the following steps: S1. Prepare polyvinyl chloride chips and modified nylon chips, wherein the modified nylon chips are prepared by in-situ polymerization of reactive monomers, water-soluble monomers and dispersed monomers and then slicing. The water-soluble monomers are vinylimidazole and / or dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, the mass fraction of the water-soluble monomers is 1%-15%, and the mass fraction of the dispersed monomers is 0.1%-3%. S2. Using polyvinyl chloride chips as the core material and modified nylon chips as the sheath material, a composite filament with an irregular cross section is obtained by passing through a twin-screw extruder, a composite spinning box, a core-sheath composite spinneret, and side-blowing cooling, stretching, heat setting, and winding. The outer ring of the irregular cross section has multiple lobes and axially extending grooves between adjacent lobes, and the winding method is skein yarn. S3. Pretreatment is performed in the form of skein yarn to obtain composite filaments with leaf-shaped openings. The pretreatment agents used include liquid alkali, nylon refining agent, and chelating dispersant. The treatment temperature is 80℃-110℃ and the treatment time is 30min-60min. S4. The composite filament with leaf openings from step S3 is spun into yarn using a twisting yarn spinning process.

2. The fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactant monomer is caprolactam.

3. The fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The in-situ polymerization process in step S1 is as follows: after being heated to 160℃-200℃ by a preheater, the preheated caprolactam, water-soluble monomer, and dispersed monomer are mixed by a static mixer and then enter a polymerizer with stirring. The reaction is carried out under nitrogen protection at a reaction temperature of 240℃-300℃. The material is discharged from the bottom of the polymerizer and transported by a melt gear pump. After being cast and pelletized, it enters a pre-extraction tank, an extraction tower, and a drying tower at a drying temperature of 120℃-180℃. After leaving the drying tower, it enters a cooling tower and is cooled to obtain the copolymer product.

4. The fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersed monomers include vinyl alcohol and acrylic acid.

5. The fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified nylon chips also contain zirconium ethoxide or zirconium oxide, with a mass fraction of 0.5%-6%.

6. The fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the modified nylon skin to the polyvinyl chloride core is 30:70-70:

30.

7. The fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentrations of each auxiliary agent in step S3 are 2%-5% liquid alkali, 3%-10% nylon refining agent, and 3%-10% chelating dispersant.