An environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter that reduces radiation pollution

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of vacuum switch technology, specifically to an environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution, comprising a shell, wherein a static end conductor and a dynamic end conductor are inserted at both ends of the shell, a static contact is fixedly installed at the end point of the static end conductor, and a dynamic contact is fixedly installed at the end point of the dynamic end conductor, a bellows having one end fixedly connected to the dynamic end conductor is fixedly installed in the shell, the bellows drives the dynamic contact to resist the static contact through the dynamic end conductor, a lower sealing plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dynamic end conductor, and a shielding cylinder is movably installed on the outer wall of the lower sealing plate. In the process of disconnection between the static contact and the dynamic contact, in the early period of the disconnection process, the static contact and the dynamic contact are close to each other, an arc will be generated due to high voltage and a large amount of X-rays will be generated, and the shielding demand is the strongest at this time. At this time, the lower sealing plate drives the connecting rod to move in the vertical slot, and since the connecting rod is located in contact with the bottom wall of the vertical slot, it will not drive the shielding cylinder to move.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum switches, in particular to an environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter capable of reducing radiation pollution. Background Art

[0002] In the paper "Comparison of X-ray Hazards Associated with Vacuum Circuit Breaker Production before and after Intervention", Wang Zhongli and Hu Xinmei mentioned in Occupation and Health, Vol. 32, No. 18, September 2016, p. 2459: When the vacuum circuit breaker is in the open state for high-voltage testing, the moving and static contacts of its core component, the vacuum arc chamber, are respectively at the positive and negative poles of the high voltage. The temperature of the cathode contact increases, which will generate a certain amount of thermal electrons. Under the action of high voltage, they move toward the anode at high speed and hit the anode. The contact material is mainly made of tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, chromium and other materials. Therefore, when the high-voltage test is carried out in the open state, its high-voltage test principle conforms to the principle of X-ray generation, thereby generating a certain amount of associated X-rays; while in the closed state, it does not conform to the principle of X-ray generation. It proves that X-rays are generated in the open state. It is also mentioned that: relevant data also prove that associated X-rays are indeed generated during the vacuum degree high-voltage test of vacuum circuit breakers. In addition, according to relevant data, it is directly or indirectly proved that with the increase of voltage and current and the decrease of the distance between contacts, the amount and intensity of rays increase significantly.

[0003] The paper "Method for Evaluating Vacuum Interrupter Vacuum Degree Based on Changes in X-ray Quantity" was published by Li Wei, Guo Yuanyuan, Wang Chengyu, Long Ximing, Gao Hui, and Liu Weirong in High Voltage Apparatus, Vol. 44, No. 4, pp. 316-317 in August 2008. The content is: Free electron flow rate and acceleration voltage are the main factors affecting the size of X-ray emission dose. The higher the speed of free electrons, the greater the kinetic energy they carry in motion. The higher the energy converted into photons when they hit the electrode. The speed of free electrons depends on the size of the electromotive force they receive in the electric field, or the strength of the electric field. The experiment found that: under different contact opening distances, the corresponding relationship between the size of the external voltage and the intensity of the X-ray release generated is basically the same. It is just that the X-ray intensity increases with the decrease in the opening distance.

[0004] The experimental data in "The Impact of X-rays in Vacuum Interrupter Chambers on Human Health" published in High Voltage Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 12, December 2007 also showed that the amount of X-rays released under different moving and static contact opening conditions is also different, and the X-rays generated by half-opening distance are far greater than the X-rays released by rated opening distance.

[0005] It shows that the radiation generated by the vacuum interrupter is generated when the moving contact approaches the static contact, and as the distance between the moving and static contacts decreases, the radiation generated also increases. Conversely, as the distance between the moving and static contacts increases, the radiation generated also decreases. Therefore, how to maximize the shielding of the strong radiation generated by the vacuum interrupter during the disconnection process without affecting heat dissipation is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly vacuum arc extinguishing chamber that reduces radiation pollution, including a shell, a static end wire and a dynamic end wire are respectively inserted at both ends of the shell, a static contact is fixedly installed at the end point of the static end wire, a dynamic contact is fixedly installed at the end point of the dynamic end wire, a corrugated tube with one end fixedly connected to the dynamic end wire is fixedly installed in the shell, the corrugated tube drives the dynamic contact to resist the static contact through the dynamic end wire, a lower sealing plate is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the dynamic end wire, a shielding cylinder is movably installed on the outer side wall of the lower sealing plate, a plurality of connecting plates are rotatably connected to the top of the shielding cylinder, and an upper sealing plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate. One end of the upper sealing plate away from the connecting plate is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the static end wire, a number of the connecting plates form a sleeve shape, a number of the upper sealing plates form a funnel shape and are inclined from the outside to the inside toward the side close to the static contact, and at least one of the rotational connection methods between the upper sealing plate and the static end wire, or the upper sealing plate and the connecting plate, or the shielding tube and the connecting plate has damping; at least one vertical groove is provided on the shielding tube, and a connecting rod passing through the vertical groove is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the lower sealing plate, and a cover plate that always covers the vertical groove is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting rod away from the lower sealing plate, and the distance between the connecting rod and the bottom wall of the vertical groove is greater than the distance required for the static contact and the moving contact to extinguish the arc.

[0007] Preferably, the connecting plate is an arc-shaped plate, and the curvature is equal to the curvature of the shielding tube, and the upper sealing plate is fan-shaped.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the connecting plates is twelve, and the sector angle of each upper sealing plate is 30°.

[0009] Preferably, the shielding tube is provided with four vertical grooves at equal distances along the circumferential direction.

[0010] Preferably, the rotational connection between the upper sealing plate and the static end conductor, or between the upper sealing plate and the connecting plate, or between the shielding cylinder and the connecting plate is achieved through an insulating damping hinge.

[0011] Preferably, an upper guard plate is fixedly installed on the top of the shell, a sleeve wrapping the shell is fixedly installed on the upper guard plate, the interior of the sleeve is hollow, an isolation barrel is placed inside the sleeve, a lead plate is fixedly installed inside the isolation barrel, the gap between the isolation barrel and the lead plate is filled with desiccant, a fixed block is fixedly installed on the bottom of the isolation barrel, an outer groove is provided at the bottom of the outer side wall of the fixed block, at least one elastic rod is fixedly installed on the top wall of the outer groove, a sub-block is fixedly installed on the side of the elastic rod away from the fixed block, a mother block matching the sub-block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and a lower guard plate located at the bottom of the shell is fixedly installed on the sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the sub-block is in the shape of a block-shaped right triangle with the inclined surface located on the side away from the elastic rod, and the mother block is annularly fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve and has a cross section that is also a right triangle matching the sub-block.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of elastic members distributed along the circumference of the sleeve are fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the sleeve, and the elastic members abut against the isolation barrel.

[0014] Preferably, a pressing pad located outside the sleeve is fixedly mounted on a side of the elastic rod away from the fixing block, and a top of the pressing pad on a side away from the elastic rod is inclined.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] When the static contact and the moving contact are in a normally closed state, the heat generation is relatively small, and the lower sealing plate, the shielding cylinder, the connecting plate and the upper sealing plate form a closed space to seal the static contact and the moving contact therein, thereby preventing radiation spillover to the maximum extent. During the process of disconnecting the static contact and the moving contact, in the early period of the disconnection process, the static contact and the moving contact are relatively close in distance, and an arc will be generated due to the high voltage and a large amount of X-rays will be generated. At this time, the shielding demand is the strongest, and at this time, the lower sealing plate drives the connecting rod to move in the vertical groove. Since the connecting rod is located in contact with the bottom wall of the vertical groove, it will not drive the shielding cylinder to move, that is, the connecting plate and the upper sealing plate will not rotate, and they will still maintain a closed state to wrap the static contact and the moving contact, thereby blocking the arc and X-rays generated by the static contact and the moving contact, thereby achieving the shielding purpose.

[0017] After the static contact and the moving contact are separated by a sufficient distance, the radiation amount of X-rays is reduced to a sufficiently small amount, the connecting rod contacts the bottom wall of the vertical groove, drives the shielding cylinder to move, and causes the upper sealing plate to rotate toward a horizontal direction, and the side of the connecting plate away from the shielding cylinder opens, so that gaps appear between the two adjacent connecting plates and the two adjacent upper sealing plates, thereby releasing the sealing of the static contact and the moving contact and facilitating heat dissipation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 The present invention provides Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in .

[0021] Figure 4 The present invention provides Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in .

[0022] Attached Figure 1-4 The structures represented by the labels are listed below:

[0023] 1. Shell; 2. Static end wire; 3. Static contact; 4. Moving contact; 5. Bellows; 6. Lower sealing plate; 7. Shielding tube; 8. Connecting plate; 9. Upper sealing plate; 10. Moving end wire; 11. Upper guard plate; 12. Sleeve; 13. Isolation barrel; 14. Lead plate; 15. Desiccant; 16. Elastic part; 17. Lower guard plate; 18. Vertical groove; 19. Connecting rod; 20. Cover plate; 21. Fixed block; 22. Outer groove; 23. Elastic rod; 24. Sub-card block; 25. Mother card block; 26. Press pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that when a part or component is considered to be "connected", "located", or "assembled" on another part or component, it may be directly disposed on the other part or component or there may be a central part or component at the same time. The terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1-4As shown, an environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution comprises a shell 1, wherein a static end conductor 2 and a dynamic end conductor 10 are inserted into the two ends of the shell 1 respectively, a static contact 3 is fixedly installed at the end of the static end conductor 2, and a dynamic contact 4 is fixedly installed at the end of the dynamic end conductor 10, a bellows 5 having one end fixedly connected to the dynamic end conductor 10 is fixedly installed in the shell 1, the bellows 5 drives the dynamic contact 4 to press against the static contact 3 through the dynamic end conductor 10, so that the dynamic contact 4 and the static contact 3 are always kept in close contact in the closed state, a lower sealing plate 6 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the dynamic end conductor 10, and the lower sealing plate 6 wraps the dynamic end conductor 10 in a disc shape, and the lower A shielding cylinder 7 is movably mounted on the outer wall of the sealing plate 6, and a plurality of connecting plates 8 are rotatably connected to the top of the shielding cylinder 7, and an upper sealing plate 9 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting plate 8, and one end of the upper sealing plate 9 away from the connecting plate 8 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the static end wire 2. When the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 are in a closed state, a plurality of the connecting plates 8 form a sleeve 12 shape, and a plurality of the upper sealing plates 9 form a funnel shape and are inclined from the outside to the inside toward the side close to the static contact 3. At least one of the rotational connection modes of the upper sealing plate 9 and the static end wire 2, or the upper sealing plate 9 and the connecting plate 8, or the shielding cylinder 7 and the connecting plate 8 has damping, and the connecting rod 19 is in contact with the top wall of the vertical slot 18;

[0027] At least one vertical slot 18 is provided on the shielding cylinder 7, a connecting rod 19 passing through the vertical slot 18 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the lower sealing plate 6, a cover plate 20 which always covers the vertical slot 18 is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting rod 19 away from the lower sealing plate 6, and the distance between the connecting rod 19 and the bottom wall of the vertical slot 18 is greater than the distance required for the arc extinguishing of the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4. This ensures that the arc has been extinguished between the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 before the connecting plate 8 is rotated outward and opened, so as to prevent damage to the ceramic housing 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, the connecting plate 8 is an arc-shaped plate, and the curvature is equal to the curvature of the shielding tube 7, and the upper sealing plate 9 is fan-shaped, so that the connection between the upper sealing plate 9 and the static end wire 2 or the connecting plate 8 is better sealed. Further, the number of the connecting plates 8 is twelve, and the fan angle of each upper sealing plate 9 is 30°. When the connecting plate 8 is in a vertical state, the connecting plate 8, the upper sealing plate 9, the lower sealing plate 6 and the shielding tube 7 seal the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 to prevent radiation leakage.

[0029] In this embodiment, the shielding tube 7 is provided with four vertical grooves 18 at equal distances along the circumferential direction, so that when the lower sealing plate 6 moves, there are four supporting points to drive the shielding tube 7 to move.

[0030] In this embodiment, the rotational connection between the upper sealing plate 9 and the static end conductor 2, or the upper sealing plate 9 and the connecting plate 8, or the shielding cylinder 7 and the connecting plate 8 is achieved through an insulated damping hinge. That is, during installation, even if the static contact 3 is on the top and the moving contact 4 is on the bottom, it can be avoided that when the connecting rod 19 contacts the bottom wall of the vertical slot 18, the shielding cylinder 7, the connecting plate 8 and the upper sealing plate 9 lose the support of the connecting rod 19 and fall open by gravity, causing the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 to be released before the shielding cylinder 7, the connecting plate 8 and the upper sealing plate 9 are separated to a sufficient distance, thereby reducing the shielding effect. That is, when the lower sealing plate 6 moves, the shielding cylinder 7 will not move before the connecting rod 19 contacts the bottom wall of the vertical slot 18.

[0031] The above-mentioned environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:

[0032] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, an upper guard plate 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the shell 1, and a sleeve 12 that wraps the shell 1 is fixedly installed on the upper guard plate 11. The sleeve 12 is hollow inside, and an isolation barrel 13 is placed inside the sleeve 12. A lead plate 14 is fixedly installed inside the isolation barrel 13. The gap between the isolation barrel 13 and the lead plate 14 is filled with a desiccant 15. A fixed block 21 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the isolation barrel 13. An outer groove 22 is opened at the bottom of the outer wall of the fixed block 21, and a fixed inner wall of the outer groove 22 is fixedly installed. There is at least one elastic rod 23, a sub-block 24 is fixedly installed on the side of the elastic rod 23 away from the fixed block 21, and a mother block 25 matching the sub-block 24 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 12. In the initial state, the mother block 25 limits the isolation barrel 13 to be located in the sleeve 12 through the sub-block 24. When the elastic rod 23 is pressed, the sub-block 24 is separated from the mother block 25 to release the restriction, so that the isolation barrel 13 can be taken out of the sleeve 12, and a lower guard plate 17 located at the bottom of the shell 1 is fixedly installed on the sleeve 12.

[0033] The lead plate 14 has excellent X-ray protection due to its high density and special atomic structure, and can effectively block and absorb the propagation of X-rays, radiation particles and radiation energy, thereby reducing the transmission and scattering of radiation rays.

[0034] Specifically, the sub-block 24 is in the shape of a right triangle with the inclined surface located on the side away from the elastic rod 23, and the mother block 25 is annularly fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve 12 and has a cross section that is also in the shape of a right triangle that matches the sub-block 24. The isolation barrel 13 will not be out of the restriction of the mother block 25 when rotating in the sleeve 12, and there is no need to deliberately align the sub-block 24 and the mother block 25 to the same vertical plane.

[0035] Furthermore, the upper guard plate 11 and the lower guard plate 17 can be radiation-proof concrete, and the cementitious material thereof is mostly selected from cement with low hydration heat, including special cements such as high-alumina cement, barium cement, strontium cement, and magnesia cement, which have good X-ray protection effect.

[0036] Furthermore, a plurality of elastic members 16 distributed circumferentially along the sleeve 12 are fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the sleeve 12, and the elastic members 16 support the isolation barrel 13 to prevent the isolation barrel 13 from shaking, and after the sub-block 24 is released from the restriction of the main block 25, the isolation barrel 13 is ejected from the inside of the sleeve 12, so as to facilitate removal and replacement.

[0037] Furthermore, a pressing pad 26 located outside the sleeve 12 is fixedly mounted on the side of the elastic rod 23 away from the fixing block 21, and the top of the pressing pad 26 on the side away from the elastic rod 23 is inclined. The pressing pad 26 is provided to facilitate the deformation of the elastic rod 23, and the top is provided as an inclined surface, so that rainwater can fall along the inclined surface to prevent rainwater from penetrating into the sleeve 12 and soaking the lead plate 14.

[0038] To sum up: when the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 are in the normal closed state, the heat generation is small, and the lower sealing plate 6, the shielding tube 7, the connecting plate 8 and the upper sealing plate 9 form a closed space to enclose the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 therein, thereby preventing radiation overflow to the maximum extent. During the disconnection process of the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4, in the early period of the disconnection process, the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 are close to each other, and an arc will be generated due to the high voltage and the amount of X-rays generated is large. At this time, the shielding demand is the strongest. At this time, the lower sealing plate 6 drives the connecting rod 19 to move in the vertical groove 18. Since the connecting rod 19 is located in contact with the bottom wall of the vertical groove 18, it will not drive the shielding tube 7 to move, that is, the connecting plate 8 and the upper sealing plate 9 will not rotate, and they will still maintain a closed state to wrap the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4, blocking the arc and X-rays generated by the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4, thereby achieving the shielding purpose.

[0039] After the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 are separated by a sufficient distance, the radiation amount of X-rays is reduced to a sufficiently small amount, the connecting rod 19 contacts the bottom wall of the vertical groove 18, drives the shielding tube 7 to move, and makes the upper sealing plate 9 rotate toward the horizontal direction, and the side of the connecting plate 8 away from the shielding tube 7 opens, so that gaps appear between the two adjacent connecting plates 8 and the two adjacent upper sealing plates 9, thereby releasing the sealing of the static contact 3 and the moving contact 4 and facilitating heat dissipation.

[0040] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1), wherein a static end wire (2) and a dynamic end wire (10) are respectively inserted into two ends of the shell (1), a static contact (3) is fixedly installed at the end of the static end wire (2), and a dynamic contact (4) is fixedly installed at the end of the dynamic end wire (10), a corrugated tube (5) having one end fixedly connected to the dynamic end wire (10) is fixedly installed in the shell (1), the corrugated tube (5) drives the dynamic contact (4) to abut against the static contact (3) through the dynamic end wire (10), a lower sealing plate (6) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dynamic end wire (10), and a shielding cylinder (7) is movably installed on the outer wall of the lower sealing plate (6) The top of the shielding cylinder (7) is rotatably connected to a plurality of connecting plates (8), the inner wall of the connecting plate (8) is rotatably connected to an upper sealing plate (9), one end of the upper sealing plate (9) away from the connecting plate (8) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the static end wire (2), a plurality of the connecting plates (8) form a sleeve (12) shape, a plurality of the upper sealing plates (9) form a funnel shape and are inclined from the outside to the inside toward the side close to the static contact (3), and at least one of the rotational connection modes of the upper sealing plate (9) and the static end wire (2), or the upper sealing plate (9) and the connecting plate (8), or the shielding cylinder (7) and the connecting plate (8) has damping; The shielding cylinder (7) is provided with at least one vertical slot (18); a connecting rod (19) passing through the vertical slot (18) is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the lower sealing plate (6); a cover plate (20) that always covers the vertical slot (18) is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting rod (19) away from the lower sealing plate (6); and the distance between the connecting rod (19) and the bottom wall of the vertical slot (18) is greater than the distance required for the static contact (3) and the moving contact (4) to extinguish an arc.

2. The environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (8) is an arc-shaped plate, and the curvature is equal to the curvature of the shielding cylinder (7), and the upper sealing plate (9) is fan-shaped.

3. The environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the connecting plates (8) is twelve, and the sector angle of each upper sealing plate (9) is 30°.

4. The environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding cylinder (7) is provided with four vertical grooves (18) at equal distances along the circumferential direction.

5. The environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotational connection between the upper sealing plate (9) and the static end conductor (2), or the upper sealing plate (9) and the connecting plate (8), or the shielding cylinder (7) and the connecting plate (8) is achieved through an insulating damping hinge.

6. The environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper guard plate (11) is fixedly mounted on the top of the shell (1), a sleeve (12) wrapping the shell (1) is fixedly mounted on the upper guard plate (11), the sleeve (12) is hollow inside, an isolation barrel (13) is placed inside the sleeve (12), a lead plate (14) is fixedly mounted inside the isolation barrel (13), a desiccant (15) is filled in the gap between the isolation barrel (13) and the lead plate (14), and a fixing block is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the isolation barrel (13). (21), an outer groove (22) is provided at the bottom of the outer side wall of the fixing block (21), at least one elastic rod (23) is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the outer groove (22), a sub-block (24) is fixedly installed on the side of the elastic rod (23) away from the fixing block (21), a mother block (25) matching the sub-block (24) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sleeve (12), and a lower guard plate (17) located at the bottom of the shell (1) is fixedly installed on the sleeve (12).

7. The environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sub-block (24) is in the form of a block-shaped right-angled triangle, and the inclined surface is located on the side away from the elastic rod (23); the mother block (25) is annularly fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve (12), and the cross section is also in the form of a right-angled triangle matching the sub-block (24).

8. The environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of elastic members (16) distributed along the circumference of the sleeve (12) are fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the sleeve (12), and the elastic members (16) abut against the isolation barrel (13).

9. The environmentally friendly vacuum interrupter for reducing radiation pollution according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressing pad (26) located outside the sleeve (12) is fixedly mounted on the side of the elastic rod (23) away from the fixed block (21), and the top of the pressing pad (26) on the side away from the elastic rod (23) is in the form of an inclined surface.

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