A high-efficiency rectification device of a supergravity bed

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a high-gravity bed, belonging to the field of high-gravity rotating bed technology. The apparatus includes a shell, a rotor, a distributor, and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is nested at the center of the shell, and a mechanical seal is installed at the connection between the shaft and the shell. The upper end of the shaft is fixedly connected to the distributor. The distributor includes concentric rings, a base plate, a top plate, and distribution grooves. The top plate is located on the upper side of the base plate, and a dynamic seal is installed between the top plate and the shell. Several concentric rings are fixedly arranged between the base plate and the top plate, with different concentric rings having different diameters and uniformly distributed circular holes. Several distribution grooves are respectively arranged between adjacent concentric rings, and the distribution grooves have a multi-layered spiral structure. The lowermost end of the distribution groove is fixedly connected to the base plate. This apparatus can increase the surface area of ​​contact between the gas and liquid phases, maintain the flow of the liquid phase, and ensure its uniform distribution, thereby improving the mass transfer efficiency and distillation efficiency of the high-gravity bed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ultragravity rotating bed technology, and more specifically, relates to an ultragravity bed high-efficiency distillation device. Background Technology

[0002] 4-Trifluoromethylnicotinic acid is typically a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 166-170°C. It has low solubility in water but is soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols and ketones. 4-Trifluoromethylnicotinic acid is relatively stable at normal temperatures but unstable to strong bases and strong oxidizing agents. The production process of 4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid generates a large amount of recoverable methanol. This methanol can be recovered by rectifying the crude methanol distilled from the hydration vessel using a rotating bed distillation process.

[0003] A high-gravity rotating bed is a novel gas-liquid mass transfer device that utilizes the highly enhanced mass transfer and micro-mixing processes under high gravity conditions. Its mass transfer coefficient is 1-3 orders of magnitude higher than that of traditional towers, allowing high-rise chemical towers, some tens of meters tall, to be replaced by high-gravity rotating beds less than three meters high. High-gravity rotating beds offer advantages such as small size, low pressure drop, high flooding point, and high mass transfer efficiency.

[0004] Among existing hypergravity beds, the concentric ring type rotating hypergravity bed is a novel type. Its internal components mainly include a rotor, a liquid distributor, concentric rings, and a rotating shaft. However, in a concentric ring type rotating hypergravity bed with only a liquid distributor, the liquid is often not evenly distributed within the rotor. Furthermore, existing hypergravity bed devices lack the function to achieve comprehensive liquid redistribution, thus failing to fully utilize the mass transfer efficiency of the concentric ring type rotating hypergravity bed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency distillation device for a supergravity bed, which can increase the surface area of ​​contact between the gas and liquid phases, maintain the flow of the liquid phase and make it uniformly distributed, thereby improving the mass transfer efficiency and distillation efficiency of the supergravity bed.

[0006] This invention discloses a high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed, used for the distillation recovery of methanol remaining after the reaction of trifluoromethylnicotinic acid. The apparatus includes a shell, a rotor, a distributor, and a shaft. The shaft is nested at the center of the shell, and a mechanical seal is installed at the connection between the shaft and the shell. The upper end of the shaft is fixedly connected to the distributor. The distributor includes concentric rings, a base plate, a top plate, and distribution grooves. The top plate is located above the base plate, and a dynamic seal is installed between the top plate and the shell. Several concentric rings are fixedly arranged between the base plate and the top plate. Different concentric rings are concentric and have different diameters, and small circular holes are evenly distributed on the concentric rings. Several distribution grooves are respectively arranged between adjacent concentric rings. The distribution grooves have a multi-layered spiral structure, and the lowermost end of the distribution groove is fixedly connected to the base plate.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a guide plate is also provided on the distribution trough. The distribution trough has a concave structure, and the height of the trough wall on the side closer to the concentric rings is lower than that on the side farther from the concentric rings. A connecting plate is provided extending into the trough on the lower side of the trough wall, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the distribution trough. The guide plate is inclinedly disposed on the upper side of the connecting plate.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, a reflux assembly is also included. The reflux assembly includes a connecting channel and a reflux channel. The connecting channel is disposed between adjacent distribution channels, with one end connected to the bottom end of the inner distribution channel and the other end connected to the bottom end of the outer distribution channel, thereby connecting the adjacent distribution channels. An opening is provided in the concentric rings located between adjacent distribution channels to allow the connecting channel to pass through. The reflux channel is disposed outside the outer distribution channel, and has an annular structure. The lower side of the reflux channel is fixedly connected to the upper side of the chassis, and the reflux channel is connected to the bottom end of the outermost distribution channel, allowing liquid to converge into the reflux channel.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the opening is located at the bottom of the concentric ring, the height of the opening is flush with the last layer of the inner distribution groove, and the size of the opening matches the size of the connecting groove.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a gas outlet and a liquid inlet are provided at the center of the upper end of the housing. The pipes connecting the gas outlet and the liquid inlet are coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft. A gas inlet is provided on the side of the housing, and the gas entering the distributor flows from the outside to the inside. A liquid outlet is provided at the lower end of the housing.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a liquid distributor is also included. The liquid distributor is disposed at the center of the rotor and is connected to the liquid inlet. The liquid distributor has a plurality of small holes evenly distributed on it, through which liquid is sprayed into the distributor, and the liquid entering the distributor flows outward.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, an arc-shaped pipe is provided inside the reflux trough. The inner end of the arc-shaped pipe is connected to the distribution trough, and the outer end of the arc-shaped pipe is connected to the reflux trough. The arc-shaped pipe is used to transfer liquid. The diameter of the reflux trough is larger than the diameter of the distribution trough to which it is connected, and the distribution trough is located inside the reflux trough.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a liquid outlet hole is also provided on the side wall of the reflux tank. The liquid outlet hole is connected to the outside so that the liquid flows out to the outer edge. The rate at which the liquid flows out of the liquid outlet hole is less than the rate at which the liquid is replenished into the reflux tank.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the distribution groove, the guide plate and the connecting plate are made of stainless steel.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the external power device so that the rotating shaft can drive the splitter to rotate synchronously around the center of the housing.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. By setting up a multi-layered spiral distribution channel, the liquid sprayed by the liquid distributor enters the distributor. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is torn into fine droplets and liquid filaments. After moving a certain distance, it impacts the guide plate to form a liquid film and enters the distribution channel along the guide plate. The liquid received includes the part near the bottom plate, and the liquid is distributed more comprehensively. In the spiral distribution channel, the liquid can achieve uniform distribution in the radial and axial directions. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the liquid in the distribution channel can maintain continuous flow, so that the liquid in contact with the gas is constantly renewed. At the same time, it can increase the liquid traversal distance and the liquid can be dispersed more evenly.

[0018] 2. By setting up a connecting channel and a reflux channel, the liquid flows to the bottom layer in the inner distribution channel, and then connects to the bottom layer of the outer distribution channel through the connecting channel. The liquid in the inner distribution channel then flows outward into the outer distribution channel. The outer distribution channel is connected to the reflux channel, which is connected to the distribution channel through an arc-shaped pipe. The liquid gathers in the reflux channel and continuously expands in the reflux channel, contacting the gas entering the distributor from the outer edge. This can prolong the contact time of the liquid and increase the contact area of ​​the liquid, thereby improving the mass transfer efficiency and distillation efficiency of the ultragravity bed. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the concentric ring and the shunt of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a front view of the guide plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a specific embodiment two of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reflux trough of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0026] 1. Housing; 2. Rotor; 3. Shaft; 4. Gas inlet; 5. Gas outlet; 6. Liquid inlet; 7. Liquid outlet; 8. Dynamic seal; 9. Concentric ring; 10. Chassis; 11. Top plate; 12. Diverter; 13. Distribution groove; 14. Guide plate; 15. Connecting plate; 16. Connecting groove; 17. Return groove; 18. Arc-shaped pipe; 19. Liquid outlet hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Specific Implementation Example 1: Please refer to... Figure 1-4 A high-efficiency distillation apparatus using a supergravity bed is disclosed for the distillation and recovery of methanol remaining after the reaction of 4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid. The apparatus includes a shell 1, a rotor 2, a distributor 12, and a rotating shaft 3. The rotating shaft 3 is nested at the center of the shell 1, and a mechanical seal is installed at the connection between the rotating shaft 3 and the shell 1. The upper end of the rotating shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the distributor 12. The rotating shaft 3 is connected to the output end of an external power device, enabling the rotating shaft 3 to drive the distributor 12 to rotate synchronously around the center of the shell 1. The external power device is powered by an external power source. Both the rotating shaft 3 and the external power device are existing conventional technologies; their specific connection methods and working principles are not detailed here.

[0028] A gas outlet 5 and a liquid inlet 6 are provided at the center of the upper end of the housing 1. The pipes connected to the gas outlet 5 and the liquid inlet 6 are coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 3. A gas inlet 4 is provided on the side of the housing 1, and the gas entering the distributor 12 flows from the outside to the inside. A liquid outlet 7 is provided at the lower end of the housing 1.

[0029] The gravity bed also includes a liquid distributor. The liquid distributor is located at the center of the rotor 2 and is connected to the liquid inlet 6. The liquid distributor has several small holes evenly distributed on it. The liquid is sprayed into the distributor 12 through the small holes and flows outward from the distributor 12.

[0030] The distributor 12 includes concentric rings 9, a base 10, a top plate 11, and distribution channels 13. The top plate 11 is disposed on the upper side of the base 10, and a dynamic seal 8 is installed between the top plate 11 and the housing 1. Several concentric rings 9 are fixedly disposed between the base 10 and the top plate 11. Different concentric rings 9 are concentric and have different diameters, and small circular holes are evenly distributed on the concentric rings 9. Several distribution channels 13 are respectively disposed between adjacent concentric rings 9. The distribution channels 13 have a multi-layered spiral structure, and the lowermost end of the distribution channel 13 is fixedly connected to the base 10. The more layers of distribution channels 13, the more uniformly the liquid is dispersed. The liquid is sprayed onto the distribution channels 13 from top to bottom, and the liquid in the distribution channels 13 flows through their spiral direction.

[0031] In this embodiment, there are three concentric rings 9 and two distribution grooves 13. The more concentric rings 9 and distribution grooves 13 there are, the more evenly the liquid is dispersed in the distributor 12. Furthermore, the outermost distribution groove 13 has a larger diameter, allowing it to hold more liquid. Since the gas inlet 4 is located on the side wall of the housing 1, the gas first enters the outermost concentric ring 9. The gas content at the inner edge is lower than that at the outer edge; areas with high gas content match areas with high liquid content, and areas with low gas content match areas with low liquid content.

[0032] A guide plate 14 is also provided on the distribution tank 13. The distribution tank 13 has a concave structure, and the height of the tank wall on the side closer to the concentric ring 9 is lower than that on the side farther from the concentric ring 9. A connecting plate 15 is provided extending into the tank wall on the lower side, and the connecting plate 15 is fixedly connected to the distribution tank 13. The guide plate 14 is inclinedly arranged on the upper side of the connecting plate 15. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is torn into fine droplets and liquid filaments, which, after moving a certain distance, impact the guide plate 14 to form a liquid film and enter the distribution tank 13 along the guide plate 14.

[0033] The distribution groove 13, the guide plate 14 and the connecting plate 15 are made of stainless steel.

[0034] Specific Implementation Example 2: Please refer to Figure 5-6 A high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed is described, and the similarities with Specific Embodiment 1 will not be repeated here. The difference is that it also includes a reflux assembly. The reflux assembly includes a connecting channel 16 and a reflux channel 17. The connecting channel 16 is disposed between adjacent distribution channels 13. One end of the connecting channel 16 is connected to the bottom end of the inner distribution channel 13, and the other end of the connecting channel 16 is connected to the bottom end of the outer distribution channel 13, so that the adjacent distribution channels 13 are connected. The concentric rings 9 located between adjacent distribution channels 13 have openings to allow the connecting channel 16 to pass through. The reflux channel 17 is disposed outside the outer distribution channel 13. The reflux channel 17 has a ring structure. The lower side of the reflux channel 17 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the chassis 10. The reflux channel 17 is connected to the bottom end of the outermost distribution channel 13, so that liquid gathers into the reflux channel 17.

[0035] The opening is located at the bottom of the concentric ring 9, and its height is flush with the last layer of the inner distribution groove 13. The size of the opening matches the size of the connecting groove 16.

[0036] An arc-shaped pipe 18 is provided on the inner side of the reflux trough 17. The inner end of the arc-shaped pipe 18 is connected to the distribution trough 13, and the outer end of the arc-shaped pipe 18 is connected to the reflux trough 17. The arc-shaped pipe 18 is used to transfer liquid. The diameter of the reflux trough 17 is larger than the diameter of the distribution trough 13 to which it is connected, and the distribution trough 13 is located inside the reflux trough 17.

[0037] The side wall of the reflux tank 17 is also provided with a liquid outlet hole 19, which is connected to the outside so that the liquid flows out to the outer edge. The rate at which the liquid flows out of the liquid outlet hole 19 is less than the rate at which the liquid is replenished into the reflux tank 17. This not only allows the liquid in the reflux tank 17 to flow, but also ensures that all the liquid can be discharged from the hypergravity bed after the final distillation process is completed, so that there is no residual liquid in the hypergravity bed.

[0038] Working principle:

[0039] Liquid enters the supergravity bed through liquid inlet 6. Liquid sprayed by liquid distributor enters splitter 12. Under the action of centrifugal force, liquid is torn into fine droplets and liquid filaments. After moving a certain distance, it hits the guide plate 14 to form a liquid film and enters the distribution tank 13 along the guide plate 14. The liquid received includes the part near the chassis 10, and the liquid is split more comprehensively.

[0040] Simultaneously, gas enters the hypergravity bed through gas inlet 4. Under the influence of pressure difference, it flows gradually from the outer edge of the distributor 12 to the inner center through small holes on the concentric ring 9. Within the spiral distribution groove 13, the liquid achieves uniform radial and axial distribution. Simultaneously, due to gravity, the liquid within the distribution groove 13 maintains continuous flow, ensuring constant renewal of the liquid in contact with the gas and increasing the liquid's traversal distance, resulting in more uniform liquid dispersion. The gas entering the distributor 12, after counter-current contact with the liquid, is finally discharged through gas outlet 5.

[0041] The liquid flows to the bottom layer in the inner distribution tank 13, and then connects to the bottom layer of the outer distribution tank 13 through the connecting tank 16. The liquid in the inner distribution tank 13 then flows outward into the outer distribution tank 13. The outer distribution tank 13 is connected to a return tank 17, which is connected to the distribution tank 13 through an arc-shaped pipe 18. The liquid gathers in the return tank 17 and continuously expands within it, coming into contact with the gas entering the distributor 12 from the outer edge. This prolongs the contact time and increases the contact area of ​​the liquid, thereby improving the mass transfer efficiency and distillation efficiency of the hypergravity bed. Finally, the liquid leaves the hypergravity bed from the liquid outlet 5.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency distillation apparatus using a high-gravity bed for distilling and recovering methanol remaining after the reaction of 4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid, characterized in that: It includes a housing (1), a rotor (2), a distributor (12) and a rotating shaft (3); the rotating shaft (3) is nested in the center of the housing (1), a mechanical seal is installed at the connection between the rotating shaft (3) and the housing (1), and the upper end of the rotating shaft (3) is fixedly connected to the distributor (12); The distributor (12) includes a concentric ring (9), a base (10), a top plate (11), and a distribution slot (13). The top plate (11) is set on the upper side of the base plate (10), and a dynamic seal (8) is installed between the top plate (11) and the shell (1); a number of concentric rings (9) are fixedly set between the base plate (10) and the top plate (11). Different concentric rings (9) are concentric and have different diameters. Small circular holes are evenly opened on the concentric rings (9). Several distribution grooves (13) are respectively set between adjacent concentric circles (9). The distribution grooves (13) are multi-layered spiral structures. The bottom end of the distribution grooves (13) is fixedly connected to the chassis (10). It also includes a reflux assembly; the reflux assembly includes a connecting channel (16) and a reflux trough (17); the connecting channel (16) is located between adjacent distribution channels (13), one end of the connecting channel (16) is connected to the bottom end of the inner distribution channel (13), and the other end of the connecting channel (16) is connected to the bottom end of the outer distribution channel (13), so that the adjacent distribution channels (13) are connected; the concentric ring (9) located between adjacent distribution channels (13) has an opening so that the connecting channel (16) can pass through; the reflux trough (17) is located outside the outer distribution channel (13), the reflux trough (17) is a ring structure, the lower side of the reflux trough (17) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the chassis (10), and the reflux trough (17) is connected to the bottom end of the outermost distribution channel (13) so that the liquid gathers into the reflux trough (17).

2. The high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide plate (14) is also provided on the distribution groove (13); the distribution groove (13) has a concave structure, and the height of the groove wall on the side closer to the concentric circle (9) is lower than that on the side away from the concentric circle (9); a connecting plate (15) is provided on the groove wall on the lower side extending into the groove, and the connecting plate (15) is fixedly connected to the distribution groove (13); the guide plate (14) is inclinedly provided on the upper side of the connecting plate (15).

3. The high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening is located at the bottom of the concentric ring (9), the height of the opening is level with the last layer of the inner distribution groove (13), and the size of the opening matches the size of the connecting groove (16).

4. The high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas outlet (5) and a liquid inlet (6) are provided at the center of the upper end of the housing (1); the pipes connected to the gas outlet (5) and the liquid inlet (6) are coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft (3); a gas inlet (4) is provided on the side of the housing (1), and the gas entering the distributor (12) flows from the outside to the inside; a liquid outlet (7) is provided at the lower end of the housing (1).

5. The high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid distributor; the liquid distributor is located at the center of the rotor (2) and is connected to the liquid inlet (6); the liquid distributor has several small holes evenly distributed on it, and the liquid is sprayed into the distributor (12) through the small holes, and the liquid entering the distributor (12) flows to the outer edge.

6. The high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped pipe (18) is provided inside the reflux trough (17). The inner end of the arc-shaped pipe (18) is connected to the distribution trough (13), and the outer end of the arc-shaped pipe (18) is connected to the reflux trough (17). The arc-shaped pipe (18) is used to transfer liquid. The diameter of the reflux trough (17) is larger than the diameter of the distribution trough (13) to which it is connected. The distribution trough (13) is located inside the reflux trough (17).

7. The high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the return tank (17) is also provided with a liquid outlet (19), which is connected to the outside so that the liquid flows out to the outer edge; the rate at which the liquid flows out from the liquid outlet (19) is less than the rate at which the liquid is replenished into the return tank (17).

8. The high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution groove (13), the guide plate (14) and the connecting plate (15) are made of stainless steel.

9. The high-efficiency distillation apparatus for a supergravity bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (3) is connected to the output end of the external power device so that the rotating shaft (3) can drive the splitter (12) to rotate synchronously around the center of the housing (1).

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