High-efficiency device for seeding and raising vegetables in plug trays

Abstract

A high-efficiency vegetable seedling raising device is provided with a vertical hole pressing mechanism for realizing hole pressing, a hole disc driving mechanism for realizing hole disc movement, a 'one hole one seed' seeding mechanism for realizing point seeding, a soil covering mechanism for realizing soil covering and hole burying, and a spraying assembly for realizing fertilization and watering. The device is built with industrial aluminum profiles to support the frame, and through the orderly control and cooperation of ball screws, crank blocks, brushes and atomizing nozzles, the device realizes the integration of hole pressing, seeding, soil covering, fertilization and watering, and has a promising technical transformation value and practical application prospect in improving the planting efficiency and seedling quality of modern vegetable seedling.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural planting machinery, in particular to a high-efficiency plug seedling device for vegetable planting. BACKGROUND

[0002] Plug planting is mainly aimed at modern agricultural greenhouse, and has been widely used in the professional production of commodity seedlings of various vegetables and flowers. Compared with traditional agricultural vegetable planting, plug vegetable seedling mainly uses soilless materials such as grass charcoal and vermiculite as seedling substrate, which not only has uniform seed distribution, high seedling rate, low production cost, but also has convenient storage and transportation, less disease and pest transmission, high seedling quality, and is more suitable for intensive management and large-scale production of greenhouse vegetables, which can effectively guarantee the seeding efficiency and seedling quality of greenhouse vegetables.

[0003] At present, the plug vegetable planting machinery that can be seen in the market is various in type and various in specification. In order to realize the precision seeding of "one hole one seed" of plug vegetables, the existing technology mostly adopts "needle suction type" dibbling operation, and the whole machine system or production line not only occupies a large space, but also has a complex mechanical and electrical system structure, which needs to use motor, high-pressure pump, electromagnetic valve, PLC control, reciprocating mechanism, hose and suction needle, etc. to realize the planting links of hole pressing, dibbling and soil covering. This puts forward higher requirements for the running stability of plug vegetable planting machinery, and greatly increases the research and development difficulty and use and maintenance cost, which is not conducive to the energy saving and efficient management of modern agricultural greenhouse. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a high-efficiency plug vegetable seeding and seedling device, which adopts industrial aluminum profile to build the machine body support structure, and realizes the integration of "hole pressing, dibbling, soil covering, fertilizing and watering" through the orderly control and cooperation of ball screws, crank blocks, brushes and atomizing nozzles, etc. In terms of improving the planting efficiency and seedling quality of modern plug vegetables, it has expected technical transformation value and practical application prospect.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A high-efficiency plug vegetable seeding and seedling device is provided with a vertical hole pressing mechanism for realizing "hole pressing", a plug driving mechanism for realizing plug movement, a "one hole one seed" dibbling mechanism for realizing dibbling, a soil covering mechanism for realizing soil covering and hole burying, and a spraying assembly for realizing fertilizing and watering on the rack 1.

[0007] The rack 1 is built by industrial aluminum profile, and is provided with a set of vertically placed double optical shaft ball screw sliding table, which comprises a first stepper motor 2 connected with a first screw rod 4, the first screw rod 4 is in contact with a sliding table 5 through external circulation ball, the sliding table 5 is sleeved on the optical shaft 34, the sliding table 5 is rigidly connected with a cross connecting piece 8, the cross connecting piece 8 is fixedly connected with a pressure hole disc 9, and the double optical shaft ball screw sliding table, the cross connecting piece 8 and the pressure hole disc 9 form a vertical pressure hole mechanism.

[0008] The rack 1 is provided with a set of horizontally placed ball screw module for driving the hole disc 10 below the pressure hole disc 9 to have linear reciprocating motion; the hole disc 10 is horizontally placed on a tray 11, the tray 11 is rigidly connected with a first sliding seat 13, the first sliding seat 13 is in contact with a second screw rod 16 through external circulation ball, the second screw rod 16 is connected with a second stepper motor 14, and the ball screw module, the first sliding seat 13 and the tray 11 form a hole disc driving mechanism.

[0009] The rack 1 is provided with a set of sowing end assembly, which comprises a rudder 18 connected with a center shaft of a crank 20, the crank 20 and a connecting rod 21 are connected through rotary pair, the connecting rod 21 and a sliding block 22 are connected through rotary pair, the sliding block 22 and a second sliding seat 23 are connected through moving pair, the second sliding seat 23 is fixedly connected on a bottom plate 24; the sliding block 22 is rigidly connected with a needle seat 25, the needle seat 25 is rigidly connected with a pushing needle 26, and the pushing needle 26 and a feeding hopper 27 are connected through moving pair; the inner hole diameter of the feeding hopper 27 is slightly larger than that of the vegetable seed 37, the pushing needle 26 has linear reciprocating motion under the action of the rudder 18 and the crank sliding block assembly, and a vegetable seed 37 is pushed out from the feeding hopper 27 every time the motion cycle is executed; the feeding hopper 27 is provided with a micro vibration piece 35, and the micro vibration piece 35 continuously has low-frequency micro vibration in the process of pushing the seed; and the sowing end assembly forms a “one hole one seed” dibbling mechanism.

[0010] In order to make the vegetable seed 37 fall gently, an angle α is set between the center axis of the inner hole of the feeding hopper 27 and the center axis of the pushing hole, and 90° < α < 120°.

[0011] The rack 1 is rigidly connected with a clamping piece 36, the clamping piece 36 is fixedly connected with a brush 28, the hole disc 10 is moved to the brush 28 under the drive of the second screw rod 16, and the contact friction between the brush 28 and the surface soil of the hole disc 10 completes the covering operation, and the clamping piece 36 and the brush 28 form a covering mechanism.

[0012] The rack 1 is connected with a water pump 32, the outlet of the water pump 32 is connected with an atomizing nozzle 29, and the atomizing nozzle 29 is connected on the rack 1; the water pump 32 sucks nutrient solution in a storage tank 31, and the storage tank 31, the water pump 32 and the atomizing nozzle 29 form a spraying assembly for fertilization and watering.

[0013] The rack 1 is equipped with a first fixed profile 1-1, a second fixed profile 1-2, a third fixed profile 1-3 of a horizontal ball screw module, a fourth fixed profile 1-6, a fifth fixed profile 1-7 of a brush, a first fixed plate 1-4 of a blanking funnel 27, a second fixed plate 1-5 of a crank slider assembly, a third fixed plate 1-8 of an atomizing nozzle 29 and a hose 30; the second fixed plate 1-5 is connected at the top of the fourth fixed profile 1-6 and the fifth fixed profile 1-7.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0015] The present application integrates the functions of "hole pressing, point planting, soil covering, fertilizing and watering" in the same device. Compared with the "needle suction type" point planting mainly controlled by pneumatic control, the present application adopts a pure mechanical mode to perform precision point planting operation, that is, through the movement cooperation control of the ball screw and the crank slider, the "one hole one seed" precision seeding of the plug seedling is realized, which not only effectively reduces the complexity and use and maintenance cost of the plug seedling planting machine, but also avoids the waste of vegetable seeds and saves the planting cost, and the economic benefit is considerable. It is helpful for the quality improvement, efficiency increase, production capacity improvement and upgrading of the plug seedling planting industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the axonometric view of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 is the front view of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 is the schematic view of the rack of the present application.

[0019] Figure 4 is the schematic view of the hole pressing plug assembly of the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 is the schematic view of the double-optical-axis ball screw sliding table of the present application.

[0021] Figure 6 is the schematic view of the horizontal ball screw module of the present application.

[0022] Figure 7 is the schematic view of the seeding end assembly of the present application.

[0023] Figure 8 is the schematic view of the soil covering brush assembly of the present application.

[0024] Figure 9 is the schematic view of the fertilizing and watering assembly of the present application.

[0025] Figure 10 is the schematic view of the movement control cooperation of the hole pressing and point planting of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] As shown in Figures 1-10 , a high-efficiency plug seedling device for vegetable seeding, which adopts an industrial aluminum profile to build a rack 1, is provided with a vertical hole pressing mechanism to realize hole pressing, a plug driving mechanism to realize plug moving, a "one hole one seed" seeding mechanism to realize point seeding, a soil covering mechanism to realize soil covering and hole burying, and a spraying assembly to realize fertilization and watering.

[0028] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , a high-efficiency plug seedling device for vegetable seeding, which adopts an industrial aluminum profile to build a rack 1, is provided with a vertical hole pressing mechanism to realize hole pressing, a plug driving mechanism to realize plug moving, a "one hole one seed" seeding mechanism to realize point seeding, a soil covering mechanism to realize soil covering and hole burying, and a spraying assembly to realize fertilization and watering.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , the rack 1 is provided with a horizontally placed ball screw module to drive the plug 10 below the hole pressing disc 9 to move linearly and reciprocally; the plug 10 is horizontally placed on the tray 11, the tray 11 is rigidly connected with the first sliding seat 13 through the pad 12, the first sliding seat 13 is in contact with the second screw rod 16 through external circulation balls, the second screw rod 16 is connected with the second stepper motor 14 through the second coupling 15, the first sliding seat 13 moves reciprocally along the axial direction of the second screw rod 16 under the action of the second stepper motor 14, and the ball screw module, the first sliding seat 13 and the tray 11 constitute the plug driving mechanism.

[0030] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7As shown, the rack 1 is equipped with a set of seeding end assembly, including the steering gear 18, the steering gear 18 is connected with the crank 20 center shaft through the third coupling 19, the crank 20 is connected with the connecting rod 21 by rotary pair, the connecting rod 21 is connected with the slider 22 by rotary pair, the slider 22 is connected with the second slide 23 by moving pair, the second slide 23 is fixedly connected on the bottom plate 24; the slider 22 is rigidly connected with the needle seat 25, the needle seat 25 is rigidly connected with the push needle 26, the push needle 26 is connected with the feeding hopper 27 by moving pair; the inner diameter of the feeding hopper 27 is slightly larger than the vegetable seed 37, in order to make the vegetable seed 37 fall gently, an angle α is set between the center axis of the inner hole of the feeding hopper 27 and the center axis of the pushing hole, and 90°<α<120°; the push needle 26 reciprocating linear motion under the action of the steering gear 18 and the crank slider assembly, one execution cycle of motion pushes out a vegetable seed 37 from the feeding hopper 27; the feeding hopper 27 is provided with a micro-vibration piece 35, which continuously vibrates at low frequency during the process of pushing seed feeding, which is used to assist the vegetable seed 37 to fall from the feeding hopper 27, prevent blocking; the seeding end assembly constitutes the "one hole one particle" dibbling mechanism.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 , the rack 1 is rigidly connected with the clamping piece 36, the clamping piece 36 is fixedly connected with the brush 28, when the hole pressing and dibbling operation is completed, the hole disc 10 moves to the brush 28 under the drive of the second lead screw 16, and the hole disc 10 is slowly flattened by the contact and friction between the brush 28 and the surface soil of the hole disc 10, completing the covering operation, the clamping piece 36 and the brush 28 constitute the covering mechanism.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 9 , the rack 1 is connected with the water pump 32 through the fixed plate 33, the outlet of the water pump 32 is connected with the atomizing nozzle 29 through the hose 30, and the atomizing nozzle 29 is connected on the rack 1; the inlet of the water pump 32 sucks the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank 31 through the hose 30, so as to provide spraying pressure for the atomizing nozzle 29, and the liquid storage tank 31, the hose 30, the water pump 32 and the atomizing nozzle 29 constitute a spraying assembly for fertilization and watering.

[0033] As shown in Figure 3 , the rack 1 is equipped with the first fixed profile 1-1 and the second fixed profile 1-2 of the double optical shaft ball screw sliding table, the third fixed profile 1-3 of the horizontal ball screw module, the fourth fixed profile 1-6 and the fifth fixed profile 1-7 of the brush, the first fixed plate 1-4 of the feeding hopper 27, the second fixed plate 1-5 of the crank slider assembly, the third fixed plate 1-8 of the atomizing nozzle 29 and the hose 30; the second fixed plate 1-5 is connected at the top of the fourth fixed profile 1-6 and the fifth fixed profile 1-7.

[0034] The double optical axis ball screw sliding table is fixed to the first fixed profile 1-1 and the second fixed profile 1-2 of the rack 1 through the first corner piece 6 and the second corner piece 7; the horizontal ball screw module is fixed to the third fixed profile 1-3 of the rack 1 through the square plate 17; the seeding end assembly is fixed to the rack 1 through the first fixed plate 1-4 and the second fixed plate 1-5; the clamping piece 36 is fitted to the fourth fixed profile 1-6 and the fifth fixed profile 1-7 of the rack 1 through adjustable bolts; the brush 28 is controlled in the fitting height by the adjustable bolts according to the soil covering requirement; the atomizing nozzle 29 and the hose 30 are fixed to the rack 1 through the third fixed plate 1-8.

[0035] As shown in Figure 10 To realize "one seed per hole" during seeding and "one seedling per hole" during seedling, the vertical displacement amount, the horizontal displacement amount, the horizontal pause time of the plug tray 10 and the pushing and seeding cooperation time of the sliding block 22 must be accurately controlled; the first stepper motor 2 is used to control the first screw rod 4 to move vertically along the Y direction to press the plug, the second stepper motor 14 is used to control the second screw rod 16 to move linearly along the X direction, and the rudder 18 is used to control the sliding block 22 to execute reciprocating pushing motion; the specific "plug pressing-seeding" principle is that when the first stepper motor 2 controls the first screw rod 4 to complete the plug pressing operation, the second screw rod 16 starts to move downward to the hopper 27 under the drive of the second stepper motor 14, when the plug tray 10 reaches the set moving distance S1, the second screw rod 16 pauses for a certain time t1, during which the rudder 18 controls the sliding block 22 to execute one reciprocating motion to complete the first seeding operation; according to the above motion cooperation mechanism, the second screw rod 16 continues to drive the plug tray 10 to move by distances S2 and S3 respectively, and stops for times t2 and t3 respectively, and cooperates with the rudder 18 to control the sliding block 22 to complete the second and third seeding operations; after each plug pressing is completed, the first screw rod 4 will automatically reset along the Y axis in the negative direction to prepare for the next plug pressing operation.

[0036] The working principle of the present application is that:

[0037] 1. Plug pressing operation: after power-on, the first stepper motor 2 rotates in the positive direction, the first screw rod 4 drives the plug pressing tray 9 to move downward to execute plug pressing motion, the tapered teeth on the plug pressing tray 9 are inserted into the soil layer in the plug tray 10, when the insertion depth reaches the plug pressing requirement, the first stepper motor 2 starts to rotate in the reverse direction, the first screw rod 4 drives the plug pressing tray 9 to move upward to the reset position.

[0038] 2. Point planting operation: After the hole pressing operation is completed, the second stepper motor 14 starts to rotate in the positive direction, so that the second lead screw 16 drives the hole disc 10 (containing soil and holes) to move downward to the discharge funnel 27. When the hole disc 10 (containing soil and holes) reaches the set moving distance S1, the second lead screw 16 stops moving for a certain time t1. During this period, the steering wheel 18 controls the slider 22 to perform a reciprocating motion once, and the first point planting operation is completed. According to the above movement matching mechanism, the second lead screw 16 continues to drive the hole disc 10 (containing soil and holes) to move distances S2 and S3 respectively, and stops for times t2 and t3 respectively, and the steering wheel 18 controls the slider 22 to complete the second and third point planting operations.

[0039] 3. Covering operation: After the point planting operation is completed, the second lead screw 16 drives the hole disc 10 (containing soil, holes and seeds) to move to the covering brush 28, and through the contact and friction between the covering brush 28 and the surface soil of the hole disc 10 (containing soil, holes and seeds), the hole is gently smoothed, and the seeds are buried in the soil.

[0040] 4. Fertilizing and watering operation: After the covering operation is completed, the second lead screw 16 drives the hole disc 10 (containing soil and seeds) to move to the spraying assembly. When the front end of the hole disc 10 (containing soil and seeds) approaches the atomizing nozzle 29, the water pump 32 starts to suck the nutrient solution from the liquid reservoir 31 through the hose 30, and at the same time, the atomizing nozzle 29 sprays the nutrient solution to the moving hole disc 10 (containing soil and seeds). When the rear end of the hole disc 10 (containing soil and seeds) approaches the atomizing nozzle 29, the water pump 32 and the atomizing nozzle 29 are closed at the same time, and the fertilizing and watering operation is completed.

[0041] 5. Second lead screw reset: After the fertilizing and watering operation is completed, the second lead screw 16 drives the hole disc 10 (containing soil, seeds and nutrient solution) to continue moving. When it moves to the terminal position of the machine body, the second lead screw 16 stops rotating. At this time, the hole disc 10 (containing soil, seeds and nutrient solution) is removed for standby, and then the second stepper motor 14 starts to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the second lead screw 16 drives the tray 11 to reset to the initial position, preparing for the next hole pressing and seeding operation.

Claims

1. A high efficiency plug vegetable seeding and growing device, characterized by: The vertical hole pressing mechanism is arranged on the rack (1) to realize "hole pressing", the hole disc driving mechanism is arranged on the rack (1) to realize hole disc movement, the "one hole one seed" point planting mechanism is arranged on the rack (1) to realize point planting, the covering mechanism is arranged on the rack (1) to realize soil covering and hole burying, the spraying assembly is arranged on the rack (1) to realize fertilization and watering; The rack (1) is built by industrial aluminum profiles, and a set of vertically arranged double-light-shaft ball screw sliding tables is arranged on the rack (1), the double-light-shaft ball screw sliding table comprises a first stepper motor (2), the first stepper motor (2) is connected with a first screw rod (4), the first screw rod (4) is in contact with a sliding table (5) through external circulation balls, the sliding table (5) is sleeved on a light shaft (34), the sliding table (5) is rigidly connected with a cross connecting piece (8), the cross connecting piece (8) is fixedly connected with a hole pressing disc (9), and the double-light-shaft ball screw sliding table, the cross connecting piece (8) and the hole pressing disc (9) constitute the vertical hole pressing mechanism; A set of ball screw modules is arranged on the rack (1) to drive the hole disc (10) below the hole pressing disc (9) to move linearly reciprocatingly, the hole disc (10) is horizontally arranged on a tray (11), the tray (11) is rigidly connected with a first sliding seat (13), the first sliding seat (13) is in contact with a second screw rod (16) through external circulation balls, the second screw rod (16) is connected with a second stepper motor (14), and the ball screw module, the first sliding seat (13) and the tray (11) constitute the hole disc driving mechanism; The rack (1) is rigidly connected with a clamping piece (36), the clamping piece (36) is fixedly connected with a brush (28), the hole disc (10) is driven by the second screw rod (16) to move towards the brush (28) and complete the soil covering operation through the contact and friction between the brush (28) and the surface soil of the hole disc (10), and the clamping piece (36) and the brush (28) constitute the soil covering mechanism; A set of seeding end assemblies is arranged on the rack (1) and comprises a rudder (18), the rudder (18) is connected with the central shaft of a crank (20), the crank (20) and a connecting rod (21) are connected through a rotary pair, the connecting rod (21) and a sliding block (22) are connected through a rotary pair, the sliding block (22) and a second sliding seat (23) are connected through a moving pair, the second sliding seat (23) is fixedly connected on a bottom plate (24); the sliding block (22) is rigidly connected with a needle seat (25), the needle seat (25) is rigidly connected with a pushing needle (26), and the pushing needle (26) and a feeding hopper (27) are connected through a moving pair; the inner diameter of the feeding hopper (27) is slightly larger than that of the vegetable seeds (37), the pushing needle (26) moves linearly reciprocatingly under the action of the rudder (18) and the crank sliding block assembly, and one vegetable seed (37) is pushed out from the feeding hopper (27) every time the movement cycle is executed; the feeding hopper (27) is provided with a micro-vibration piece (35), and the micro-vibration piece (35) continuously vibrates at low frequency and small amplitude during the seed pushing process; and the seeding end assembly constitutes the "one hole one seed" point planting mechanism. In order to make the vegetable seeds (37) fall gently, an angle is set between the inner hole center axis of the feeding hopper (27) and the pushing hole center axis α， and 90° α <120°, the pushing hole extends to the right relative to the end of the feeding of the feeding hopper (27).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: A water pump (32) is connected to the frame (1), the outlet of the water pump (32) is connected to the atomizing nozzle (29), and the atomizing nozzle (29) is connected to the frame (1); the water pump (32) sucks the nutrient solution in the liquid storage device (31), and the liquid storage device (31), the water pump (32) and the atomizing nozzle (29) constitute a spraying assembly for fertilization and watering.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The frame (1) is equipped with a first fixed profile (1-1) and a second fixed profile (1-2) of a double-light-axis ball screw sliding table, a third fixed profile (1-3) of a horizontal ball screw module, a fourth fixed profile (1-6) and a fifth fixed profile (1-7) of a brush, a first fixed plate (1-4) of a blanking funnel, a second fixed plate (1-5) of a crank slider assembly, and a third fixed plate (1-8) of the atomizing nozzle (29); the second fixed plate (1-5) is connected to the top of the fourth fixed profile (1-6) and the fifth fixed profile (1-7).

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