Herbicidal composition, herbicide and use thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of herbicides, and provides a herbicide composition, a herbicide and its application. The herbicide composition active ingredients include quizalofop-ethyl and quinclorac; the herbicide formulation includes the herbicide composition and adjuvants, and the adjuvants include dispersants, preservatives, stabilizers, antifreeze agents, thickeners, defoamers, etc. After the present invention compounds quizalofop-ethyl and quinclorac, a synergistic effect is exhibited within a reasonable mass ratio range. Compared with a single component, the herbicide composition can improve the control effect of weeds in orchards (such as peach orchards), does not harm peach seedlings, has a wide weed control spectrum, can reduce the use dosage of a single active ingredient, slows down the development of weed resistance, reduces environmental pollution, and contributes to the development of new herbicides for peach orchards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of herbicides, in particular to a herbicide composition, a herbicide and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] China ranks first in the world in terms of peach planting area and production, and peaches play an important role in the development of the economic forestry and fruit industry. The weed species in peach orchards are complex and can reach dozens of species. The main weeds are from the Asteraceae, Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cruciferae, Cyperaceae, Amaranthaceae, etc. Weed propagation will increase the management cost of peach orchards and easily lead to the propagation of pests in the orchard, thus seriously affecting the yield and quality of peaches. How to weed peach orchards in agricultural production has always troubled fruit farmers. Mechanical weeding has high environmental requirements and manual weeding has high costs. Chemical weeding is the most effective measure to control weed damage in modern agricultural production. However, there are currently the following major problems with chemical weeding in peach orchards: (1) There are very few registered herbicides. Among the currently registered herbicides on the China Pesticide Information Network, there is only one registration information for a peach orchard herbicide, which is an 18% glufosinate-ammonium soluble solution registered by BASF Europe. (2) The type of weed killer is single. When a single active ingredient herbicide is used in agricultural production, it is affected by factors such as the weed killing range, weed killing ability and resistance, and cannot completely and effectively control the occurrence of weeds in peach orchards, and the efficacy of weed eradication will be greatly reduced. (3) Although there are many types of herbicides registered for other crops, the relevant research on herbicides focuses on field crops such as rice and wheat. There are few relevant studies on herbicides suitable for peach orchards. The use of unsuitable peach orchard herbicides is likely to cause pesticide damage to peach trees. (4) With the long-term use of various chemical herbicides, weed resistance has gradually increased, and the control effect of existing chemical agents on them has gradually decreased. Although increasing the spraying dosage of various pesticides can improve the control effect of weeds, excessive use or uneven application can easily cause residual toxicity to other seasonal crops or subsequent crops interplanted between peach trees, and it is easy to cause pesticide damage to peach trees, affecting their growth. In addition, the dosage of herbicides has gradually increased, affecting the environmental safety and food safety of peach orchards.

[0003] Glufosinate is currently the only herbicide registered for peaches. It is a broad-spectrum contact herbicide and the second most popular non-selective herbicide in the world. Once inside the plant, glufosinate binds to ATP and occupies the reaction site of glutamine synthetase, irreversibly inhibiting its activity and disrupting subsequent metabolic processes. Studies have shown that glufosinate may have a certain transmissibility within peach seedlings. Root growth and morphological development are inhibited after application, and branches and leaves may show obvious signs of damage, such as deformation, dryness, loss of chlorosis, yellowing, and scorch. Therefore, glufosinate is not a good choice as a herbicide for peach orchards.

[0004] Quizalofop-p-ethyl is a systemic, heterocyclic oxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicide. It is currently a widely used foliar herbicide in agricultural production. After being absorbed by plant green tissues, it is transported to the meristem and growth points of leaf bases, stems, and roots. It primarily inhibits acetyl-CoA carboxylase, a key enzyme in fatty acid synthesis, thereby inhibiting fatty acid synthesis and hindering cell membrane formation, leading to weed death. Quizalofop-p-ethyl is primarily used to control annual grass weeds in crops such as wheat, barley, soybeans, peanuts, and cotton. Its application in peach orchards has been less studied.

[0005] Quinclorac is an organic heterocyclic, systemic, selective, post-emergence hormone-type herbicide. Its primary mechanism of action is to block the second enzymatic step in the pigment synthesis pathway in plants, thereby inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis and causing plant death. Quinclorac herbicide has a strong killing effect on a variety of weeds, especially herbaceous and semi-shrub weeds. Quinclorac is primarily used to control barnyardgrass, especially old barnyardgrass in the 4-7 leaf stage, with a very significant efficacy. It can also control weeds such as Sesbania sesbania, Cassia tora, Rainforest lily, Dalbergia tongue, Water celery, Aloe vera, and Gleditsia sinensis.

[0006] While the widespread use of chemical herbicides has brought numerous benefits to agricultural production, it has also led to a series of problems, including increased pesticide damage, enhanced weed resistance, and excessive pesticide residues, posing a serious threat to agricultural production and the ecological environment. Currently, one approach to reducing chemical pesticide use is to develop new biopesticides. However, due to current technological and material limitations, the development of new pesticides is time-consuming, costly, and involves risks, making it unfeasible in the short term. Another approach is to combine pesticides to mitigate the development of weed resistance to a single pesticide, thereby reducing the amount of a single pesticide used. Yet another approach is to use adjuvants to reduce pesticide dosage, save costs, and mitigate resistance and environmental pollution. Pesticide adjuvants themselves have no biological activity; however, when mixed with pesticides, they enhance the adhesion and penetration of the pesticide on crop leaves, thereby increasing its toxicity and efficacy. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a herbicidal composition, a herbicide and applications thereof.

[0008] The inventors previously conducted a large number of screenings of peach orchard herbicides and found that the two herbicides, quizalofop-PhD and quinclorac, had little harm to peach seedlings. Moreover, due to the different mechanisms of action of quizalofop-PhD and quinclorac, the combination of the two had a strong synergistic effect, and the rational use of adjuvants could reduce the amount of pesticides used.

[0009] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a herbicidal composition, the active ingredients of which include quizalofop-ethyl and quinclorac.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of quizalofop-ethyl to quinclorac is (25-75):(150-450), more preferably (50-75):(200-350), and most preferably 75:300.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a herbicide comprising the herbicidal composition and adjuvants.

[0012] Preferably, the mass percentage of the herbicidal composition in the herbicide is 15% to 55%, preferably 30% to 45%.

[0013] Preferably, the herbicide is in the form of a suspension concentrate.

[0014] Furthermore, the auxiliary materials include one or more of a dispersant, a preservative, a stabilizer, an antifreeze agent, a thickener, a defoaming agent and water.

[0015] The dispersant is selected from one or more of lignin sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate, GY-D04, sodium naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate (NN0), fatty amide-N-methyl taurate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, fatty alcohol polyether, alkylphenol polyether, etc.

[0016] The preservative is selected from one or more of sodium benzoate, sodium phenylacetate, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, ethyl parahydroxybenzoate, potassium sorbate and the like.

[0017] The stabilizer is selected from one or more of epichlorohydrin, epoxidized vegetable oil, 2,4-2 methylpentanediol, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate and its salt, 2,5-hexanediol, 1,5-pentanediol and the like.

[0018] The antifreeze agent is selected from one or more of polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, PEG, urea, etc.

[0019] The thickener is selected from one or more of bentonite, xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, soluble starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and the like.

[0020] The defoaming agent is selected from one or more of silicone emulsion, tributyl phosphate, silicone, coconut oil EO-PO polymer, etc.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present invention provides use of the herbicidal composition or the herbicide in controlling weeds in orchards, for example, the herbicidal composition or the herbicide can be used for controlling weeds in orchards such as peach orchards and pear orchards.

[0022] The weeds include, but are not limited to, grass weeds and broadleaf weeds, such as Alternanthera philoxeroides.

[0023] By means of the above technical solution, the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0024] After quizalofop-p-ethyl and quinclorac are compounded, a synergistic effect is exhibited within a reasonable mass ratio range. Compared with a single component, the present invention can improve the control effect on weeds in orchards (such as peach orchards), has a wide weed control spectrum, quick effect, high efficiency, and reduces the amount of pesticide used. After the two are compounded, the overall control effect on grass weeds and broad-leaved weeds is improved, especially the control effect on Alternanthera philoxeroides, thereby reducing the application dosage and the number of times of pesticide application, and can also avoid the generation of pesticide damage to a certain extent (slowing down weed resistance), reduce environmental pollution, and contribute to the development of a new herbicide for peach orchards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The present invention shows the weed control effect of the herbicidal composition on peach nurseries in a preferred embodiment and the growth of peach seedlings after application of the herbicidal composition.

[0026] Figure 2 The figures show the weed control effect of the herbicidal composition in a preferred embodiment of the present invention on peach orchards and the growth of peach trees after application of the herbicidal composition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention provides a peach orchard herbicide composition, a herbicide formulation (herbicide), and their use. The herbicide composition comprises quizalofop-ethyl and quinclorac as active ingredients; the herbicide formulation comprises the herbicide composition and adjuvants, wherein the adjuvants include a dispersant, a preservative, a stabilizer, an antifreeze agent, a thickener, a defoamer, and water. The herbicide composition of the present invention is harmless to peach seedlings, has a broad spectrum of weed control, and the two active ingredients exhibit a synergistic effect, which can reduce the dosage of a single active ingredient, slow the development of weed resistance, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0028] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0029] The invention provides a peach orchard weed control composition, the active ingredients of which include quizalofop-P-ethyl and quinclorac.

[0030] Preferably, the mass ratio of quizalofop-ethyl to quinclorac is (25-75): (150-450).

[0031] More preferably, the mass ratio of quizalofop-ethyl to quinclorac is (50-75):(200-350).

[0032] Most preferably, the mass ratio of quizalofop-ethyl to quinclorac is 75:300.

[0033] The present invention also provides a herbicide preparation, comprising the herbicide composition and auxiliary materials.

[0034] The dosage form of the herbicide preparation is a suspension concentrate.

[0035] The mass percentage of the herbicidal composition in the herbicidal preparation is 15% to 55%.

[0036] Preferably, the mass percentage of the herbicidal composition in the herbicidal preparation is 30% to 45%.

[0037] The herbicide preparation paving material includes one or more of a dispersant, a preservative, a stabilizer, an antifreeze agent, a thickener, a defoaming agent, and water.

[0038] The present invention also provides application of the herbicide formulation in controlling weeds in peach orchards.

[0039] The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the raw materials used are all commercially available products.

[0040] Example 1 Screening of weed control agents in peach orchards

[0041] 1. Test weeds: Five common weeds in southern peach orchards were selected, including ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] of the Poaceae family, alfalfa (Medicago falcata L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) of the Leguminosae family, and Alternanthera Philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. of the Amaranthaceae family.

[0042] 2. Test agents: 13 commercially available herbicides were selected and tested for phytotoxicity on peach seedlings. The test herbicides included 41% glyphosate isopropylamine saline, 20% glufosinate ammonium soluble concentrate, 20% quizalofop-p-ethyl suspension concentrate, 25% quinclorac suspension concentrate, 10% benzylsulfuron-methyl wettable powder, 50% acetochlor emulsifiable concentrate, 20% clofopyralid 2-ethylhexyl emulsifiable concentrate, 56% 2-methyl-4-chloro-1-sodium soluble powder, 25% nitrate-sulfuron-methyl suspension concentrate, and 10% benzylsulfuron-methyl wettable powder. The products include: 12% quinoline·fluoroacetic acid sulfamethoxam (4% quizalofop-ethyl and 8% fluazifop-ethyl) emulsion in water, 37.5% dimethyl·benzazone (5.5% sodium dimethyltetrachlor and 32% bentachlor) aqueous solution, 40% benzyl·dichloro(6% benzsulfuron-methyl and 34% dichloroquinoline) wettable powder, and 20% benzyl·ethyl(4.5% benzsulfuron-methyl and 15.5% setochlor) wettable powder.

[0043] 3. Test method: Refer to "NY / T 1155.4-2006 Pesticide Indoor Bioassay Test Guidelines Herbicides Part 4: Activity Determination Test Stem and Leaf Spray Method"

[0044] The results showed that after spraying the stems and leaves of peach seedlings with different herbicides, quizalofop-p-ethyl and quinclorac did not cause obvious phytotoxicity to the peach seedlings, while other herbicides caused obvious phytotoxicity to the seedlings, but the process of phytotoxicity and the final degree of phytotoxicity were different. Therefore, the present invention selects quizalofop-p-ethyl and quinclorac as the active ingredients of the herbicide composition.

[0045] Example 2 Screening of herbicidal compositions and synergistic effects

[0046] Commercially available herbicides 20% quizalofop-p-ethyl suspension concentrate and 25% quinclorac suspension concentrate were selected as test agents and mixed according to the mass ratio shown in Table 1. The mixed agents were used to treat the test weeds with reference to "NY / T 1155.4-2006 Pesticide Indoor Bioassay Test Guidelines Herbicides Part 4: Activity Determination Test Stem and Leaf Spray Method".

[0047] Weed seeds were soaked and germinated until white, then evenly sown in plastic pots (15 cm × 11 cm × 7 cm, with holes punched in the bottom), 30 seeds per pot. After sowing, they were covered with 0.5-1 cm of fine soil and transplanted to a greenhouse for regular cultivation, keeping the soil moist. After uniform emergence, the weed seedlings were thinned to 20 plants per pot. When the weed seedlings reached the three-leaf stage, the stems and leaves of the weed seedlings were sprayed with the test solution using a walking spray tower. Each treatment was replicated five times, with a 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution serving as a blank control. After treatment, the plants were transplanted to the greenhouse for further cultivation. Herbicidal efficiency was measured 14 and 21 days after application.

[0048] The herbicidal activity of two herbicides mixed was tested using the Gowing method, and the formula for calculating the mixing effect was:

[0049] E0=X+Y(100-X) / 100

[0050] Wherein, X represents the weed control efficacy of herbicide A at a dosage of P; Y represents the weed control efficacy of herbicide B at a dosage of Q; E0 represents the theoretical control efficacy of herbicide (A+B) at a herbicide dosage of (P+Q); and E represents the actual control efficacy of herbicide (A+B) at a herbicide dosage of (P+Q). According to the Gowing method, when E-E0>0, it indicates that the mixed herbicide produces a synergistic effect; when E-E0<0, it indicates that the mixed herbicide produces an antagonistic effect; when the E-E0 value is equal to 0, it indicates that the mixed herbicide produces an additive effect. The E in the formula represents the measured control efficacy (%) of each treatment.

[0051] The test herbicides were prepared according to the dosages shown in Table 1, and the synergistic effect of quizalofop-P-ethyl and quinclorac was tested under different dosages.

[0052] Table 1 Dosage of tested herbicides

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] The results of the test are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, combinations 8-19 are herbicidal compositions with different ratios, and the theoretical control effects of the herbicidal compositions at 14 days are all greater than the actual control effects, indicating that the combined use of quizalofop-p-ethyl and quinclorac has a synergistic effect.

[0056] Table 2 Theoretical and actual control effects of herbicidal compositions

[0057] combination 14-day theoretical protection against EO 14-day actual protection effect 1 41.62 41.62 2 52.22 52.22 3 54.68 54.68 4 56.22 56.22 5 56.71 56.71 6 57.89 57.89 7 59.65 59.65 8 74.73 90.3 9 79.32 90.7 10 80.38 86.6 11 81.05 95.8 12 75.42 98.5 13 79.88 99.1 14 80.92 99.8 15 81.56 92.8 16 76.44 95.76 17 80.72 100 18 81.71 100 19 82.33 100 20 0 0

[0058] Example 3 Herbicidal formulation and preparation method thereof

[0059] This embodiment provides a herbicide formulation comprising a herbicide composition of quizalofop-p-ethyl and quinclorac and excipients. The herbicide formulation is in the form of a suspension concentrate. The mass percentage of the herbicide composition of quizalofop-p-ethyl and quinclorac in the herbicide formulation is 15% to 55%. Preferably, the mass percentage of the herbicide composition in the herbicide formulation is 30% to 45%. The excipients of the herbicide formulation include one or more of a dispersant, a preservative, a stabilizer, an antifreeze agent, a thickener, and a defoaming agent.

[0060] Specifically, the mass percentages of the herbicidal compositions of quizalofop-p-ethyl and quinclorac in the herbicidal formulation provided in this embodiment are 9% and 36%, respectively; the types and mass percentages of the excipients are as follows: dispersant lignin sulfonate 5.5%, stabilizer epichlorohydrin 0.1%, preservative sodium benzoate 0.2%, thickener sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.15%, defoaming agent tributyl phosphate 0.2%; and water is used to make up the total mass percentage to 100%.

[0061] The preparation method using the above preparation formula is as follows: quizalofop-p-ethyl and quinclorac technical are mixed with auxiliary materials other than a thickener and an antifreeze agent and water, mixed evenly by high-speed shearing, ground and pulverized on a ball mill for 2-3 hours to make the particle size after grinding less than 5 mm, filtered the obtained product, added a thickener and an antifreeze agent, stirred and mixed, and then placed in a sand grinder for ultrafine grinding to make the average particle size less than 3 μm, and analyzed by a Malvern laser particle size distribution analyzer to determine whether the average particle size meets the standard. If so, the preparation process is terminated, and the prepared suspension is packaged for standby use. If not, the suspension is returned to the ball mill and the sand grinder for grinding and pulverization again, and then tested again until the average particle size meets the standard, thereby completing the preparation process.

[0062] Example 4 Field efficacy test

[0063] The ingredients and auxiliary materials of the herbicidal composition were accurately weighed according to Table 3, and after high-speed shearing, wet grinding, homogenization and filtration, suspension formulations 1-8 were made, as shown in Table 3. A plot with moderate soil moisture and good soil moisture was selected, and the weeds in the peach nursery and peach cultivation garden were treated on May 15, 2023. After 14 days, the height and stem thickness of the peach seedlings and the total weed control effect in the peach nursery were investigated, and it was found that the herbicidal preparations 1-8 had good weed control effect in the peach nursery, and had no significant effect on the growth of peach seedlings. At the same time, the phytotoxicity level and weed control effect of the peach trees in the cultivation garden were investigated 14 days (Table 4) and 21 days (Table 5) after treatment, respectively. It was also found that the herbicidal preparations 1-8 had good weed control effect and had no significant effect on the growth of peach trees ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ).

[0064] Table 3 Component contents of herbicide formulations 1-8 (mass percentage)

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Table 4 Effects of herbicide formulations 1-8 on peach seedlings and field weed growth

[0068]

[0069] Table 5 Effects of herbicide formulations 1-8 on peach seedlings and field weed growth

[0070]

[0071] The present invention also applies the herbicidal composition and the herbicide to pear seedlings, achieving the same effect as that of peach seedlings, indicating that the herbicidal composition and the herbicide of the present invention can be used for weed control in various orchards.

[0072] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made based on the present invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements, which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. A herbicidal composition, characterized in that The active ingredients are: quizalofop-ethyl and quinclorac, wherein the mass ratio of quizalofop-ethyl to quinclorac is (50-75): (200-350).

2. The herbicidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of quizalofop-p-ethyl to quinclorac is 75:

300.

3. A herbicide, characterized in that The herbicidal composition comprises the herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2 and auxiliary materials.

4. The herbicide according to claim 3, characterized in that The mass percentage of the herbicide composition in the herbicide is 15% to 55%.

5. The herbicide according to claim 3, characterized in that The herbicide is in the form of a suspension concentrate.

6. The herbicide according to claim 3, characterized in that The auxiliary materials include one or more of a dispersant, a preservative, a stabilizer, an antifreeze agent, a thickener, a defoaming agent and water.

7. The herbicide according to claim 6, characterized in that The dispersant is selected from one or more of lignin sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate, GY-D04, sodium naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, fatty amide-N-methyl taurate, alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfosuccinate, fatty alcohol polyether, and alkylphenol polyether; The preservative is selected from one or more of sodium benzoate, sodium phenylacetate, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, ethyl parahydroxybenzoate, and potassium sorbate; The stabilizer is selected from one or more of epichlorohydrin, epoxidized vegetable oil, 2,4-2-methylpentanediol, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate and its salt, 2,5-hexanediol, and 1,5-pentanediol; The antifreeze agent is selected from one or more of polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, PEG or urea; The thickener is selected from one or more of bentonite, xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, soluble starch, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone; The defoaming agent is selected from one or more of silicone emulsion, tributyl phosphate, silicone, and coconut oil EO-PO polymer.

8. Use of the herbicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2 or the herbicide according to any one of claims 3 to 7 for controlling weeds in peach orchards.

Images