Potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water supply deep treatment method and filter

Abstract

This application discloses a potassium permanganate-catalyzed oxidation-bioactivated carbon water treatment method and filter tank, relating to the field of water treatment technology. The potassium permanganate-catalyzed oxidation-bioactivated carbon water treatment method comprises the following steps: adding potassium permanganate to the water to be filtered; significantly increasing the oxidation intensity, speed, and efficiency of potassium permanganate through a manganese catalytic membrane, more effectively changing the molecular weight distribution of organic matter; decolorizing manganese oxides such as manganese dioxide through the manganese catalytic membrane; pre-filtration through floating ceramsite to remove turbidity; and creating favorable conditions for bioactivated carbon adsorption and biochemical treatment to achieve the water quality goals of the deep water treatment. The potassium permanganate-catalyzed oxidation-bioactivated carbon water treatment method utilizes a "raw water → pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → potassium permanganate-catalytic membrane-loaded floating ceramsite cage-bioactivated carbon → sand filtration" process. Sand filtration at the end of the process further eliminates the risk of microorganisms being carried in the bioactivated carbon effluent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular to a potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon feed water deep treatment method, and also to a filter tank. Background Art

[0002] In order to improve water quality safety and health indicators, improve drinking taste, and meet users' increasing water quality demands, water plants that use the conventional "coagulation sedimentation → sand filtration" water purification process have begun to develop towards deep treatment processes.

[0003] Ozone oxidation-biological activated carbon (BAC) is a commonly used advanced water treatment process. Commonly used oxidants in water treatment include chlorine (including sodium hypochlorite), chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, and ozone. Their standard redox potentials are 1.36V, 1.50V, 1.69V, and 2.07V, respectively. Ozone has the strongest oxidizing power, capable of oxidizing many organic compounds in raw water, including those containing unsaturated bonds or aromatic compounds, and altering their molecular weight distribution, which facilitates adsorption and biodegradation by BAC. Ozone oxidation-BAC is typically deployed after the conventional water purification process of coagulation and sedimentation → sand filtration, forming a "raw water → ozone pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → sand filtration → ozone oxidation-BAC" process, also known as a post-carbon pool process. Since its widespread adoption in China, this process has demonstrated strong oxidative removal capabilities for organic pollutants, odorants, and color, as well as its ability to address sudden water pollution incidents, earning it widespread recognition for its effectiveness in improving water quality. The post-carbon pool process is aimed at the micro-pollutants remaining in the sand filter effluent. It has low influent turbidity, high purification efficiency, low carbon pool flushing requirements and long adsorption life.

[0004] However, the effluent from biological activated carbon tanks is susceptible to microbial penetration, a phenomenon particularly prominent in the subtropical regions of southern my country, posing a potential water quality risk. A shift to a more advanced treatment process consisting of "coagulation and sedimentation → ozone oxidation → biological activated carbon → sand filtration," utilizing sand filtration as a screening step, can eliminate the water quality risk posed by microbial carryover from the biological activated carbon effluent. This process, in which the "ozone oxidation-biological activated carbon" stage is positioned between coagulation and sedimentation and sand filtration, is also known as the intermediate carbon tank process. The turbidity of the water entering the intermediate carbon tank is significantly higher than that of the sand-filtered water entering the post-carbon tank, often exceeding the water supply specification requirement of less than 1.0 NTU for the influent to the biological activated carbon tank. This not only negatively impacts the adsorption of the biological activated carbon, but also leads to frequent backwashing of the carbon tank, accelerating wear of the carbonized layer and reducing the adsorption life of the activated carbon. Therefore, intermediate carbon tanks require countermeasures for high turbidity in the effluent. Furthermore, the high investment, footprint, power consumption, and operating costs associated with ozone oxidation systems, coupled with stringent safety requirements, make them difficult for many water utilities to adopt. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application aims to solve, at least to a certain extent, one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art. To this end, the present application provides a method for deep water treatment using potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation and biological activated carbon, which can replace ozone oxidation and biological activated carbon and be applied to the intermediate carbon tank process to achieve the water quality goals of deep water treatment, effectively ensure the turbidity requirements of the effluent, and eliminate the water quality safety risks caused by microorganisms carried by the effluent of biological activated carbon.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application also provides a filter tank for implementing the above-mentioned potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water deep treatment method.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, a method for deep treatment of feed water by potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Add potassium permanganate to the water to be filtered;

[0009] The water to be filtered, to which potassium permanganate has been added, is sent to a catalytic oxidation layer, wherein the catalytic oxidation layer is provided with a plurality of floating ceramsites, each of which carries a manganese catalytic membrane. When the water to be filtered, to which potassium permanganate has been added, flows through the catalytic oxidation layer, the floating ceramsites pre-filter and remove turbidity from the water to be filtered, and the manganese catalytic membrane of the floating ceramsites catalyzes the oxidation of potassium permanganate in the water to be filtered, thereby improving the oxidation intensity, speed, and efficiency of potassium permanganate in the water to be filtered, which is beneficial for changing the molecular weight distribution of organic matter, improving the biodegradability of organic matter, and making the organic matter easier to be adsorbed by biological activated carbon and biochemically regenerated; the oxidative decomposition of odorous substances and precursors of chlorine disinfection by-products is also possible, thereby removing color and heavy metals;

[0010] The water to be filtered passes through the floating ceramsite of the manganese-carrying catalytic membrane and then flows into the activated carbon layer, wherein the activated carbon layer is biological activated carbon, which adsorbs and biodegrades organic matter in the water.

[0011] The above-mentioned potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water treatment method has at least the following beneficial effects: in the above scheme, potassium permanganate is added to the water to be filtered and then sent to the catalytic oxidation layer. Firstly, the floating ceramsite pre-filters and removes turbidity from the water to be filtered, so that the turbidity of the water to be filtered is reduced to below 1.0 NTU; secondly, the manganese catalytic membrane of the floating ceramsite can catalyze the oxidation of potassium permanganate, thereby improving the oxidation intensity, speed and efficiency of potassium permanganate, more effectively changing the molecular weight distribution of organic matter, and creating favorable conditions for the adsorption and biochemical treatment of biological activated carbon. The biological activated carbon has a great effect on the organic matter in the water. First, the efficiency of adsorption and biodegradation of organic matter is improved; third, the manganese catalytic membrane can quickly adsorb manganese oxides such as manganese dioxide, the reduction product of potassium permanganate, eliminating the side effect of increased chroma caused by the addition of potassium permanganate; fourth, manganese oxides such as manganese dioxide, the reduction product of potassium permanganate, are adsorbed by the manganese catalytic membrane and then become new manganese catalytic membrane, forming a sustainable catalytic effect; fifth, the combination of potassium permanganate, catalytic membrane-loaded floating ceramsite and biological activated carbon, applied to the intermediate carbon pool process, can achieve water quality goals similar to those of the ozone oxidation-biological activated carbon process in deep water treatment.

[0012] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the active ingredients of the manganese catalytic membrane of the floating ceramsite include MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides. The water to be filtered with potassium permanganate is added to form new ecological MnO2 in the catalytic oxidation layer. The manganese catalytic membrane has a strong adsorption effect on the new ecological MnO2 in the water, and the new ecological MnO2 can quickly adsorb MnO4 in the water under the synergistic effect of the manganese catalytic membrane. － , so that the MnO4 on the surface of the floating ceramsite － The concentration and oxidation rate increase significantly, which catalyzes the oxidation of potassium permanganate, thereby improving the oxidation intensity, speed and efficiency of potassium permanganate.

[0013] According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, MnO4 － The reduction products of manganese dioxide and other manganese oxides are attached to the surface of the floating ceramsite to form a new manganese catalytic film, thereby forming a sustainable catalytic effect.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, each of the floating ceramsite is confined in a floating ceramsite cage, and each of the floating ceramsite carrying a manganese catalytic membrane forms the catalytic oxidation layer in the floating ceramsite cage.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, when the water to be filtered flows through the floating ceramsite cage, each floating ceramsite pre-filters and deturbidifies the water to be filtered, and the turbidity of the water outlet from the floating ceramsite cage is lower than 1.0 NTU.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, when the water to be filtered to which potassium permanganate has been added flows through the floating expanded clay cage, the manganese catalytic membrane located in the catalytic oxidation layer cooperates with potassium permanganate to catalytically oxidize the organic matter in the water to be filtered; the water outlet from the floating expanded clay cage flows into the activated carbon layer, and the organic matter in the water is adsorbed and biodegraded by the biological activated carbon.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the water to be filtered before the addition of potassium permanganate is obtained by subjecting raw water to coagulation and sedimentation, and a pre-oxidation treatment is also performed before the coagulation and sedimentation. The pre-oxidation treatment can be performed by adding chlorine (including sodium hypochlorite), chlorine dioxide, or potassium permanganate as needed, and its function is to be used in conjunction with the coagulation and sedimentation process to improve the treatment effect of the coagulation and sedimentation.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the purified water after treatment with the activated carbon layer is subjected to sand filtration, forming a central carbon pool process consisting of "raw water → pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → potassium permanganate - catalytic membrane-loaded floating ceramsite cages - biological activated carbon → sand filtration." Potassium permanganate, catalytic membrane-loaded floating ceramsite, and biological activated carbon are used in conjunction with the central carbon pool process. Sand filtration at the end of the process further eliminates the risk of microorganisms being carried by the biological activated carbon effluent.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, a filter is provided for realizing the potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water deep treatment method according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, comprising a filter body, wherein a water distribution area, a floating ceramsite cage, an activated carbon layer and a water collection area are sequentially arranged inside the filter body. The filter body is provided with a water inlet pipe connected to the water distribution area to transport the water to be filtered with potassium permanganate added to the water distribution area; the floating ceramsite cage is arranged at the water outlet position of the water distribution area for the water to be filtered to flow into the water distribution area, the floating ceramsite cage is fixed on the inner side wall of the filter body, the floating ceramsite cage comprises a cage body and floating ceramsite laid in the cage body, the floating ceramsite carries a manganese catalytic membrane, the effective components of the manganese catalytic membrane include MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides, and each of the floating ceramsite carrying the manganese catalytic membrane is located in the A catalytic oxidation layer is formed in the floating expanded clay cage, and the manganese catalytic membrane located in the catalytic oxidation layer cooperates with potassium permanganate to catalytically oxidize organic matter in the water to be filtered when the water to be filtered flows through the floating expanded clay cage; the activated carbon layer is arranged at the water outlet position of the floating expanded clay cage, so that the water to be filtered can flow into the floating expanded clay cage, and the activated carbon layer is biological activated carbon, which can adsorb and biodegrade organic matter in the water; the water collection area is arranged at the water outlet position of the activated carbon layer, so that purified water can flow into the activated carbon layer, and the filter tank body is provided with a water outlet pipe connected to the water collection area.

[0020] The filter tank described above has at least the following beneficial effects: the water to be filtered flows sequentially through the water distribution area, the floating ceramsite cage, the activated carbon layer, and the water collection area. The water to be filtered, which has been doped with potassium permanganate, is transported to the water distribution area through the water inlet pipe and then flows into the floating ceramsite cage. The floating ceramsite in the floating ceramsite cage pre-filters the water to be filtered, reducing the turbidity of the water to be filtered from 1 to 3 NTU to less than 1.0 NTU, allowing the subsequent activated carbon layer to perform its adsorption function in a low-turbidity environment and extending the service life of the activated carbon filter layer. The manganese catalytic membrane on the floating ceramsite cooperates with the potassium permanganate added to the water to be filtered to rapidly catalyze the oxidation of organic matter in the catalytic oxidation layer, changing the molecular weight distribution of the organic matter and improving its biodegradability. The activated carbon layer adsorbs and biodegrades the organic matter in the water. The purified water flows into the water collection area and out of the outlet pipe.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the flow mode of the filter body adopts an upflow type, and the water distribution area, the floating expanded clay cage, the activated carbon layer and the water collection area are arranged from bottom to top inside the filter body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0023] Figure 1 It is a step diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the filter tank in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure numerals: filter body 11, water inlet pipe 12, drain pipe 13, air flushing pipe 14, outlet pipe 15, membrane hole aeration pipe 16, water distribution area 20, water distribution tank 21, water distribution short pipe 22, floating ceramsite cage 30, support frame 31, top net 32, bottom net 33, floating ceramsite 34, activated carbon layer 40, coal columnar carbon cushion layer 41, coal columnar carbon upper layer 42, water collection area 50, water collection tank 51. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0032] Refer to the following Figure 1 and Figure 2 , describes a potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon feed water deep treatment method, comprising the following steps:

[0033] S1, add potassium permanganate to the water to be filtered.

[0034] S2, sending the water to be filtered with potassium permanganate added to it to the catalytic oxidation layer, wherein the catalytic oxidation layer is arranged with a plurality of floating ceramsites 34, and the floating ceramsites 34 carry a manganese catalytic membrane. When the water to be filtered with potassium permanganate added flows through the catalytic oxidation layer, the floating ceramsites 34 pre-filter and remove turbidity on the water to be filtered, and the manganese catalytic membrane of the floating ceramsites 34 catalyzes the oxidation of potassium permanganate in the water to be filtered, thereby improving the oxidation intensity, speed and efficiency of potassium permanganate in the water to be filtered, which is beneficial to changing the molecular weight distribution of organic matter, improving the biodegradability of organic matter, and making the organic matter easier to be adsorbed by biological activated carbon and biochemically regenerated; it can also oxidize and decompose odor substances and precursors of chlorine disinfection by-products, and remove color and heavy metals.

[0035] The active ingredients of the manganese catalytic membrane of floating ceramsite 34 are mainly MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides. The water to be filtered with potassium permanganate is added to form new ecological MnO2 in the catalytic oxidation layer. The manganese catalytic membrane has a strong adsorption effect on the new ecological MnO2 in the water, and the new ecological MnO2 can quickly adsorb MnO4 in the water under the synergistic effect of the manganese catalytic membrane. － , so that the MnO4 on the surface of the floating ceramsite 34 － The increase in concentration and oxidation rate catalyzes the oxidation of potassium permanganate, thereby increasing the oxidation intensity, speed, and efficiency of potassium permanganate. In this way, it can not only oxidize and decompose some odorous substances and precursors of chlorine disinfection by-products, adsorb and remove color and heavy metals, but also change the molecular weight distribution of organic matter, improve the biodegradability of organic matter, and make it easier for organic matter to be adsorbed by biological activated carbon and biochemically regenerated. MnO4 － The reduction product MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides are attached to the surface of the floating ceramsite 34 to form a new manganese catalytic film, thereby forming a sustainable catalytic effect.

[0036] During this step, each floating ceramsite 34 is confined within the floating ceramsite cage 30. Each floating ceramsite 34, bearing the manganese catalytic membrane, forms a catalytic oxidation layer within the floating ceramsite cage 30. It is understood that when the water to be filtered, to which potassium permanganate has been added, flows through the floating ceramsite cage 30, each floating ceramsite 34 pre-filters and removes turbidity from the water, resulting in a turbidity of less than 1.0 NTU at the outlet of the floating ceramsite cage 30. The manganese catalytic membrane within the catalytic oxidation layer cooperates with the potassium permanganate to catalyze the oxidation of organic matter in the water.

[0037] In step S3, after the filtered water passes through the floating ceramsite cages 34 with a manganese-loaded catalytic membrane, the effluent from the floating ceramsite cages flows into the activated carbon layer 40. Activated carbon layer 40 comprises biological activated carbon, which adsorbs and biodegrades organic matter in the water. The aforementioned "potassium permanganate - catalytic membrane-loaded floating ceramsite cages - biological activated carbon" process is applied to a central carbon pool process. Prior to step S1, the process undergoes the "raw water → pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation" steps. That is, the filtered water before potassium permanganate addition is obtained by coagulation and sedimentation of the raw water, which is also pre-oxidized before coagulation and sedimentation. After step S3, the purified water from the activated carbon layer 40 is sand filtered, forming a central carbon pool process consisting of "raw water → pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → potassium permanganate - catalytic membrane-loaded floating ceramsite cages - biological activated carbon → sand filtration." Sand filtration at the end of the process further eliminates the risk of microorganisms being carried by the biological activated carbon effluent.

[0038] It is understandable that, when the potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water treatment method is used, when the filtered water with potassium permanganate added flows into the catalytic oxidation layer, organic matter can be rapidly catalytically oxidized in the catalytic oxidation layer. The specific catalytic principle is that MnO4 － The reduction product is new ecological MnO2. When the water to be filtered comes into contact with the manganese catalytic membrane of floating ceramsite, the manganese catalytic membrane has a strong adsorption effect on the new ecological MnO2 in the water, and the new ecological MnO2 can quickly adsorb MnO4 in the water under the synergistic effect of the manganese catalytic membrane. － , so that the MnO4 on the surface of the floating ceramsite － The significant increase in concentration and oxidation rate significantly improves the oxidation rate and efficiency of potassium permanganate, which helps change the molecular weight distribution of organic matter, improves its biodegradability, and facilitates its adsorption and biochemical regeneration by activated carbon. It also oxidizes and decomposes odorous substances and precursors of chlorine disinfection byproducts, removing color and heavy metals. The manganese catalytic membrane also absorbs manganese oxides such as manganese dioxide, the reduction product of potassium permanganate, to form a new manganese catalytic membrane, creating a sustainable catalytic effect.

[0039] At present, the amount of potassium permanganate added to the raw water for pre-oxidation in water plants is usually in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 mg / L, and generally does not exceed 0.5 mg / L, so as not to cause the chromaticity of the effluent to exceed the standard. In the technical solution of this application, potassium permanganate is directly added to the effluent of the sedimentation tank. The concentration of potassium permanganate can be allowed to reach 0.3 to 0.5 mg / L. The oxidation effect is closer to O3, and it can effectively deal with sudden water pollution such as odor. In the process of catalytic oxidation of organic matter in the water to be filtered by the manganese catalytic membrane in collaboration with potassium permanganate, the generated brown-red MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides can be quickly adsorbed by the manganese catalytic membrane in the catalytic oxidation layer, eliminating the side effect of increased chromaticity caused by the addition of potassium permanganate. The oxidation target of the catalytic oxidation layer is the dissolved organic matter remaining in the water to be filtered, reflecting the role of deep water treatment.

[0040] In this technical solution, as the filtered water flows toward the catalytic oxidation layer, the floating ceramsite within the floating ceramsite cage pre-filters and de-turbidifies it, reducing the turbidity of the water exiting the cage to less than 1.0 NTU, meeting the inlet turbidity requirements of activated carbon layer 40. The floating ceramsite offers low flow resistance, a high dirt-holding capacity, slow increases in filtration head loss, and a long flushing cycle of 10 to 15 days, which helps protect the carbonized layer and its adsorption capacity.

[0041] In summary, this application achieves the water quality goals of deep water treatment by adopting the synergy of potassium permanganate and manganese catalytic membrane to form a "raw water → pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → potassium permanganate-catalytic membrane floating ceramsite cage-biological activated carbon → sand filtration" deep treatment process, while eliminating the water quality safety risks caused by microorganisms carried in the effluent of biological activated carbon. Compared with the full-process ozone biological activated carbon process of "raw water → ozone pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → sand filtration → ozone oxidation-biological activated carbon", this application can achieve similar water quality goals of deep water treatment, significantly reduce engineering costs and operating costs, occupy less space, and is safe to use and simple to manage.

[0042] It should be noted that, at present, potassium permanganate and manganese oxide film are also used in combination in water treatment processes. For example, the invention patent (authorization publication number is CN114044587B, and the name of the invention is a loaded manganese oxide film expanded bed filter and a method for removing thallium by adsorption thereof) uses a loaded oxide film expanded bed filter to synergistically add potassium permanganate to promote the generation of new ecological manganese dioxide for adsorption removal of thallium. Manganese removal in water plants is also often done by using manganese oxide film filter sand in sand filters. The technical solution of this application is to catalyze the oxidation of potassium permanganate by means of a manganese oxide film, significantly improving the oxidation strength, speed and efficiency of potassium permanganate, which is beneficial to changing the molecular weight distribution of organic matter, improving the biodegradability of organic matter, and making organic matter easy to be adsorbed by biological activated carbon and biochemically regenerated; it can also oxidize and decompose the precursors of odorous substances and chlorine disinfection by-products, and remove color and heavy metals. That is to say, the technical purpose of using manganese oxide film and potassium permanganate in the technical solution of this application is different from that of the invention patent (authorization publication number is CN114044587B, the invention name is loaded manganese oxide film expanded bed filter and the method of using it to adsorb and remove thallium).

[0043] For another example, the invention patent (application publication number CN1513777A, the name of the invention is the combined use of permanganate pre-oxidation and biological activated carbon for pollution removal) adopts the process of "raw water → permanganate pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → sand filtration → biological activated carbon". First, the raw water is pre-oxidized with permanganate, and then the coagulation is enhanced under the action of a coagulant. The newly formed ecological hydrated manganese dioxide plays an enhanced flocculation role and is separated and removed from the water through the conventional process of "coagulation and sedimentation → sand filtration", and then the biological activated carbon is deeply treated. The technical solution of this application adopts the process of "raw water → pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → potassium permanganate-catalytic membrane floating ceramsite cage-biological activated carbon → sand filtration", in which the pre-oxidation can be selected according to the need to add chlorine (including sodium hypochlorite), chlorine dioxide or potassium permanganate, and its role is to be used in conjunction with the coagulation and sedimentation process to improve the coagulation and sedimentation treatment effect. If the raw water quality is good, pre-oxidation can be omitted and coagulation and sedimentation can be carried out directly. In the technical solution of the present application, the main addition point of potassium permanganate is located at the outlet section of the sedimentation tank, and is not added to the raw water. The generated MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides can be quickly adsorbed by the manganese catalytic membrane in the catalytic oxidation layer, eliminating the side effect of increased chroma caused by the addition of potassium permanganate. The oxidation target of potassium permanganate is the soluble organic matter remaining in the water after sedimentation, and the catalytic oxidation significantly improves the oxidation intensity, speed and efficiency of potassium permanganate.

[0044] Reference Figure 2The present application also provides a filter tank for implementing the above-mentioned potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water treatment method, comprising a filter tank body 11, wherein a water distribution area 20, a floating ceramsite mesh cage 30, an activated carbon layer 40, and a water collection area 50 are sequentially arranged inside the filter tank body 11. In this embodiment, the flow of the filter tank body 11 is an upflow type, and the water distribution area 20, the floating ceramsite mesh cage 30, the activated carbon layer 40, and the water collection area are arranged from bottom to top inside the filter tank body 11.

[0045] The filter tank body 11 is provided with a water inlet pipe 12 connected to the water distribution area 20 to transport the water to be filtered, which has been added with potassium permanganate, to the water distribution area 20. A water distribution trough 21 is provided at the bottom of the water distribution area 20 and is connected thereto. The water distribution trough 21 is located at the center of the bottom of the water distribution area 20. The water inlet pipe 12 is connected to the water distribution trough 21. The top of the water distribution trough 21 is connected to the water distribution area 20 through multiple short water distribution pipes 22, thereby evenly distributing the water to be filtered through the water distribution trough 21 to the bottom of the floating ceramsite cage 30.

[0046] The floating ceramsite cage 30 is installed at the outlet of the water distribution area 20, allowing filtered water to flow in from the water distribution area 20. In this embodiment, the floating ceramsite cage 30 is located above the water distribution area 20 and is fixed to the inner wall of the filter tank body 11. The floating ceramsite cage 30 comprises a cage body and floating ceramsite 34 disposed within the cage body. Specifically, the cage body comprises a top mesh 32, a bottom mesh 33, and a support frame 31, all made of stainless steel, although other rust-resistant materials can be substituted. The support frame 31 is fixed to the wall of the filter tank body 11 via fasteners. The top mesh 32 and bottom mesh 33 are horizontally mounted at the top and bottom of the support frame 31, respectively, to confine the floating ceramsite 34 within the cage body. This ensures that the floating ceramsite 34 is confined to the upper space within the cage body after floating, maintaining the structural stability of the cage over its lifetime. In other embodiments, filter plates and filter heads can be used in place of the bottom mesh 33 of the cage body. It will be appreciated that after the water to be filtered flows from the water distribution area 20 into the floating ceramsite cage 30, each floating ceramsite 34 floats and fills the upper space of the cage body, thereby pre-filtering the water to be filtered entering from the water distribution area 20. In this embodiment, the floating ceramsite 34 has a wet particle density of 0.85-1.00 g / cm³ and a particle size of 5-10 mm. The mesh diameter of the bottom mesh 33 is 3-4 mm, and the mesh diameter of the top mesh 32 is 2-3 mm.

[0047] The floating ceramsite 34 carries a manganese catalytic film. The active ingredients of this manganese catalytic film include MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides. Each floating ceramsite 34, carrying the manganese catalytic film, forms a catalytic oxidation layer within the floating ceramsite cage 30. The thickness of this catalytic oxidation layer is 1.5 to 2.5 μm. As the water to be filtered flows through each floating ceramsite 34, the manganese catalytic film in the catalytic oxidation layer cooperates with potassium permanganate to catalyze the oxidation of organic matter in the water.

[0048] The activated carbon layer 40 is disposed on the top mesh 32 of the floating ceramsite cage 30, located at the water outlet of the floating ceramsite cage 30, allowing the filtered water to flow into the floating ceramsite cage 30. In this embodiment, the activated carbon layer 40 is laid on the top mesh 32 of the floating ceramsite cage 30 and supported by the floating ceramsite cage 30. The activated carbon layer 40 is biologically activated carbon, which adsorbs and biodegrades organic matter in the water.

[0049] The activated carbon layer 40 comprises, from top to bottom, a coal-based columnar carbon upper layer 42 and a coal-based columnar carbon underlayer 41. The particle size of the coal-based columnar carbon upper layer 42 is 1.5 to 2.0 mm. The particle size of the coal-based columnar carbon underlayer 41 is 2.5 to 3.5 mm. The mesh diameter of the top mesh 32 is 2 to 3 mm, and the particle size of the coal-based columnar carbon underlayer 41 is larger than the mesh diameter of the top mesh 32. The total thickness of the activated carbon layer 40 is 1.0 to 1.2 m, with the thickness of the coal-based columnar carbon upper layer 42 being 0.7 to 0.8 m and the thickness of the coal-based columnar carbon underlayer 41 being 0.3 to 0.4 m. The activated carbon layer 40 is biologically activated carbon.

[0050] A water collection area is located at the outlet of the activated carbon layer 40 to allow purified water to flow in from the activated carbon layer 40. In this embodiment, the water collection area 50 is located above the activated carbon layer 40 to allow purified water to flow in from the carbon surface of the activated carbon layer 40. The filter body 11 is provided with an outlet pipe 15 connected to the water collection area. A water collection trough 51 is provided within the water collection area 50 to allow purified water overflowing from the water collection area 50 to enter. The outlet pipe 15 is connected to the water collection trough 51.

[0051] The process of the potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water treatment method using the filter tank of this embodiment is as follows: the water to be filtered, which has sufficient dissolved oxygen and has been added with potassium permanganate, enters the water distribution tank 21 from the water inlet pipe 12, evenly enters the water distribution area 20 through multiple water distribution short pipes 22 at the top of the water distribution tank 21, and evenly passes upward through the floating ceramsite mesh box 30 to filter and remove most of the turbidity substances in the water to be filtered, which can reduce the turbidity of the water to be filtered from 1 to 3 NTU to <1.0 NTU. Under the catalytic action of the manganese catalytic membrane, potassium permanganate in the water can rapidly catalytically oxidize organic matter in the catalytic oxidation layer, change the molecular weight distribution of the organic matter, and remove the color generated by the redox reaction of potassium permanganate. The water then rises and enters the activated carbon layer 40, where the biological activated carbon adsorbs and biodegrades the residual organic matter in the water. The purified water rises from the carbon surface of the activated carbon layer 40 into the water collection area 50 and flows out from the outlet pipe 52.

[0052] In the present embodiment, the flow mode of the filter body 11 adopts an upflow type, and in some other embodiments, a downflow type may also be adopted. If a downflow type filtration method is adopted, the water distribution area 20, the floating ceramsite mesh box 30, the activated carbon layer 40 and the water collection area 50 in the filter body 11 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. It should be noted that the potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water supply deep treatment method in this application does not rely on an upflow type filtration structure. Those skilled in the art can also make adjustments and adopt a downflow type filtration structure to achieve the purpose of water supply deep treatment. Of course, some other embodiments can also adopt filtration structures with other flow modes. What kind of flow mode filtration structure the filter adopts does not affect the realization of the potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water supply deep treatment method, and the specific filtration structure of the filter should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon water supply deep treatment method in this application.

[0053] In a further improvement to the upflow method, the filter body 11 is provided with a drainage pipe 13 connected to the water distribution tank 21, and an air flushing pipe 14 connected to the water distribution area 20. The air flushing pipe 14 is connected to the bottom of the water distribution area 20 through multiple membrane hole aeration pipes 16 in the water distribution area. The upflow flow method is adopted to achieve a unified flushing method for each structure in the filter body 11. For example, after the above filter has been used for a period of time, when the filtration head loss reaches the set limit, the filter needs to be flushed, and the following method is used:

[0054] 1. Flush the activated carbon layer 40 first. The main steps are: close the water inlet pipe 12, open the air flushing pipe 14, and preferably maintain the air flushing intensity at 5 to 8 L / (m 2 .s), preferably 3 to 5 minutes; open the drain pipe 13, the water level gradually drops to near the top net 32 ​​of the floating ceramsite cage 30, the drainage time is preferably 5 to 8 minutes, close the drain pipe 13, and the activated carbon layer 40 is flushed with air and water together.

[0055] 2. Rinse the floating ceramsite cage 30. The main steps are: the floating ceramsite 34 is fluidized and cleaned in the cage body, and at the same time, the floating ceramsite 34 rubs and cleans the top net 32. The time is preferably 2 to 3 minutes. Then, the drain pipe 13 is opened, and the water level gradually drops to near the bottom net 33. The drainage time is preferably 3 to 5 minutes. The drain pipe 13 is closed, and the flushing of the floating ceramsite cage 30 is completed.

[0056] 3. Flush the water distribution area 20. The main steps are: friction clean the bottom net 33 of the floating ceramsite net box 30, preferably for 2 to 3 minutes, then open the drain pipe 13, the water level drops to near the bottom of the filter body 11, the drainage time is preferably 2 to 3 minutes, close the drain pipe 13 and the air flushing pipe 14, and the flushing of the water distribution area 20 is completed.

[0057] The opening of the aforementioned water inlet pipe 12, drainage pipe 13, air flushing pipe 14, and water outlet pipe 15 are all controlled by corresponding valves. In this embodiment, the mesh area of ​​the top net of the cage body is set to account for more than 20% of the total area, allowing the activated carbon layer on the top net and the floating ceramsite in the cage to be uniformly flushed with air and water. Only a flushing blower is required, eliminating the need for a backwash pump, simplifying operation and management, and achieving a more environmentally friendly and low-carbon solution.

[0058] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon feed water deep treatment method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Potassium permanganate is added to the water to be filtered. The water to be filtered before the addition of potassium permanganate is obtained by coagulation and sedimentation of raw water, and a pre-oxidation treatment is also performed before the coagulation and sedimentation. The water to be filtered with potassium permanganate added is sent to a catalytic oxidation layer, wherein the catalytic oxidation layer is provided with a plurality of floating ceramsites, the floating ceramsites carrying a manganese catalytic membrane, the effective components of the manganese catalytic membrane of the floating ceramsites including MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides, when the water to be filtered with potassium permanganate added flows through the catalytic oxidation layer, the floating ceramsites are used to pre-filter and deturbid the water to be filtered, and the water to be filtered with potassium permanganate added forms new ecological MnO2 in the catalytic oxidation layer, the manganese catalytic membrane has a strong adsorption effect on the new ecological MnO2 in the water, and the new ecological MnO2 can quickly adsorb MnO4 in the water under the synergistic effect of the manganese catalytic membrane － , so that the MnO4 on the surface of the floating ceramsite － The concentration and oxidation rate increase, which plays a catalytic role in the oxidation of potassium permanganate. The oxidation of potassium permanganate in the water to be filtered is catalyzed by the manganese catalytic membrane of the floating ceramsite, thereby improving the oxidation intensity, speed and efficiency of potassium permanganate in the water to be filtered, which is beneficial to changing the molecular weight distribution of organic matter, improving the biodegradability of organic matter, and making the organic matter easy to be adsorbed by biological activated carbon and biochemically regenerated; it can also oxidize and decompose odorous substances and precursors of chlorine disinfection by-products, and remove color and heavy metals; in the process of the manganese catalytic membrane cooperating with potassium permanganate to catalyze the oxidation of organic matter in the water to be filtered, the generated MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides can be quickly adsorbed by the manganese catalytic membrane in the catalytic oxidation layer, eliminating the side effect of the increase in color caused by the addition of potassium permanganate; MO4 － The reduction product MnO2 and other high-valent manganese oxides are attached to the surface of the floating ceramsite to form a new manganese catalytic film, thereby forming a sustainable catalytic effect; The water to be filtered passes through the floating ceramsite of the manganese-carrying catalytic membrane and then flows into the activated carbon layer, wherein the activated carbon layer is biological activated carbon, which adsorbs and biodegrades organic matter in the water; The purified water after the activated carbon layer treatment is subjected to sand filtration treatment, forming a "raw water → pre-oxidation → coagulation and sedimentation → potassium permanganate-catalytic membrane-loaded floating ceramsite cage - biological activated carbon → sand filtration" water supply deep treatment process.

2. The potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon feed water deep treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the floating ceramsite is confined in a floating ceramsite net box, and each of the floating ceramsite carrying a manganese catalytic membrane forms the catalytic oxidation layer in the floating ceramsite net box.

3. The potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon feed water deep treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the filtered water flows through the floating ceramsite cage, each floating ceramsite pre-filters and removes turbidity from the filtered water, and the turbidity of the water outlet from the floating ceramsite cage is lower than 1.0 NTU.

4. The potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon feed water deep treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the water to be filtered to which potassium permanganate has been added flows through the floating ceramsite cage, the manganese catalytic membrane located in the catalytic oxidation layer cooperates with potassium permanganate to catalytically oxidize the organic matter in the water to be filtered; the water outlet from the floating ceramsite cage flows into the activated carbon layer, and the organic matter in the water is adsorbed and biodegraded by the biological activated carbon.

5. A filter tank for implementing the potassium permanganate catalytic oxidation-biological activated carbon feed water deep treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes a filter body, wherein a water distribution area, a floating ceramsite cage, an activated carbon layer and a water collection area are sequentially arranged inside the filter body, wherein: The filter tank body is provided with a water inlet pipe connected to the water distribution area to transport the water to be filtered with potassium permanganate added to the water distribution area; The floating ceramsite cage is arranged at the water outlet position of the water distribution area to allow the water to be filtered to flow in from the water distribution area. The floating ceramsite cage is fixed to the inner side wall of the filter tank body. The floating ceramsite cage includes a cage body and floating ceramsite laid in the cage body. Each of the floating ceramsites carrying a manganese catalytic membrane forms a catalytic oxidation layer in the floating ceramsite cage. The manganese catalytic membrane in the catalytic oxidation layer cooperates with potassium permanganate to catalytically oxidize organic matter in the water to be filtered when the water to be filtered flows through the floating ceramsite cage. The activated carbon layer is arranged at the water outlet position of the floating ceramsite cage to allow the water outflow from the floating ceramsite cage to flow in; The water collection area is arranged at the water outlet position of the activated carbon layer to allow purified water to flow into from the activated carbon layer. The filter body is provided with a water outlet pipe communicating with the water collection area.

6. The filter tank according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow mode of the filter body adopts an upflow type, and the water distribution area, the floating ceramsite mesh box, the activated carbon layer and the water collection area are arranged inside the filter body from bottom to top.

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