Preparation of a fermentation bed and application of waste thereof in preparation of special organic fertilizer for rice

Abstract

The application provides a preparation of a fermentation bed and application of waste of the fermentation bed in preparation of special organic fertilizer for rice, belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding, and specifically relates to a fermentation bed for cattle breeding, which comprises raw materials: rice straw, rice husk, quicklime, corn flour, wheat bran, sawdust and mixed bacteria liquid A; the mixed bacteria liquid A comprises Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus acidophilus; and a special organic fertilizer for rice, which comprises components: the above-mentioned waste fermentation bed, rice straw, rice husk, wood ash, mixed bacteria liquid B and mixed enzyme preparation; the provided fermentation bed can effectively degrade cattle manure, solve the problem of dirty and smelly breeding environment, and effectively reduce the incidence of diseases such as cattle diarrhea; and the provided special organic fertilizer for rice meets the nutritional requirements of rice planting, improves the yield and stress resistance of rice, and prevents or reduces the occurrence of diseases.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding, and particularly relates to a preparation of a fermentation bed and application of waste of the fermentation bed in preparation of special organic fertilizer for rice. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fermentation bed is an environment-friendly and effective ecological breeding mode proposed by combining microbial fermentation treatment technology, and utilizes microorganisms to participate in the cooperative fermentation of litter and livestock manure, so as to convert breeding waste such as manure and urine, eliminate foul odor, and promote the healthy growth of livestock. However, due to the differences in the composition of the fermentation bed, the added fermentation microorganisms and various conditions, the functions of the prepared fermentation beds are significantly different. Some fermentation beds have relatively good effects on converting breeding waste such as manure and urine and eliminating foul odor, but are weak in enhancing the disease resistance of livestock and cannot effectively inhibit pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fermentation bed which can not only convert breeding waste such as manure and urine and eliminate foul odor, but also enhance the disease resistance of livestock and effectively inhibit pathogenic bacteria.

[0003] With the rapid development of the breeding industry, the problems of inconvenient management of beef cattle, high labor cost, poor division of labor, poor living environment of beef cattle, low production efficiency and meat quality, long growth cycle of beef cattle and low breeding benefit need to be solved. In addition, breeding waste is also generated, especially in large-scale beef cattle farms, a large amount of excrement is generated every day, if not treated in time, harmful bacteria will breed, the growth environment will be polluted, the cattle will be prone to diseases, and thus the production efficiency and meat quality will be affected. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fermentation bed suitable for cattle breeding.

[0004] The preparation of organic fertilizer from the fermentation bed is an effective method to extend the fermentation bed industry, but different fermentation beds produce different effects on crops. Different crops require different organic fertilizers, and if the organic fertilizer is not used properly, the organic fertilizer will not be fully utilized, and the growth of crops will also be limited.

[0005] The planting of rice, the preparation of special organic fertilizer for rice, and the improvement of the quality and yield of rice are particularly important.

[0006] Patent CN105918142 A presents a kind of cow fermentation bed filler and its manufacturing method, including raw material weight fraction is as follows: straw 60~100 parts, dry wormwood 30~50 parts, tea 15~20 parts, sawdust 10~15 parts, chaff 10~15 parts, lime powder 10~12 parts, corn flour 10~12 parts, fish meal 8~10 parts, probiotic microorganism 6~8 parts, the method includes the following steps: (1) raw material preparation;(2) preparation of filler;(3) preparation of microorganism;(4) first layer laying;(5) second layer laying;(6) third layer laying;(7) fourth layer laying, preparation process and component composition are more complex.Patent CN 109912332A presents a kind of special biological organic fertilizer for rice and its preparation method, which contains raw materials by weight fraction: bacillus subtilis 3-20 parts, organic matter 20-45 parts, polysaccharide 1-5 parts, amino acid 2-8 parts, carbohydrate active agent 0.1-2.0 parts, diatomite 10-30 parts, silicate 4-8 parts.The fermentation bed and special biological organic fertilizer for rice disclosed in the prior art are significantly different from the cow fermentation bed and special organic fertilizer for rice provided by the present application. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a fermentation bed and its waste in the preparation of special organic fertilizer for rice.

[0008] The fermentation bed provided by the present application is used for cow breeding, which can effectively degrade cow dung, solve the problem of dirty and smelly breeding environment, and effectively reduce the incidence of diseases such as cow diarrhea.

[0009] The special organic fertilizer for rice provided by the present application realizes the recycling of fermentation bed, meets the nutritional needs of rice planting, improves the yield and stress resistance of rice, and prevents or reduces the occurrence of diseases.

[0010] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0011] A cow breeding fermentation bed, comprising the following raw materials by weight:

[0012] Rice straw 50-80 parts, rice husk 10-15 parts, quicklime 10-12 parts, corn flour 10-12 parts, wheat bran 5-8 parts, sawdust 5-8 parts, mixed bacteria liquid A 3-6 parts.

[0013] The mixed bacteria liquid A comprises bacillus subtilis, clostridium butyricum, rhodopseudomonas palustris, saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactobacillus acidophilus.

[0014] According to the present application, the preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid A comprises the following steps:

[0015] Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus acidophilus are prepared into bacterial liquid respectively, and five kinds of bacterial liquid are mixed according to weight ratio 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid A;

[0016] The viable count of Bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid is 2.0*10 9 cfu / mL-1.0*10 11 cfu / mL, the viable count of Clostridium butyricum bacterial liquid is 5.0*10 9 cfu / mL-1.0*10 10 cfu / mL, the viable count of Rhodopseudomonas palustris bacterial liquid is 2.0*10 9 cfu / mL-1.0*10 10 cfu / mL, the viable count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1*10 7 cfu / mL-3*10 8 cfu / mL, the viable count of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacterial liquid is 1.0*10 8 cfu / mL-1.0*10 10 cfu / mL.

[0017] According to the application, preferably, the Bacillus subtilis is Bacillus subtilis ACCC 19373, the Clostridium butyricum is Clostridium butyricum CICC 23847, the Rhodopseudomonas palustris is Rhodopseudomonas palustris CICC 23812, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC 1517, and the Lactobacillus acidophilus is Lactobacillus acidophilus CICC 6089.

[0018] The preparation method of the fermentation bed for cattle breeding comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) preparing mixed bacterial liquid A: Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus acidophilus are inoculated into corresponding solid culture medium respectively and activated for 24-48 hours, then inoculated into corresponding liquid culture medium respectively and activated for more than 24 hours to obtain five kinds of activated bacterial liquid, and the five kinds of activated bacterial liquid are mixed according to weight ratio 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid A;

[0020] (2) the rice straw and rice husk are crushed respectively;

[0021] (3) the corresponding weight parts of rice straw, rice husk, corn flour, wheat bran, sawdust and mixed bacterial liquid A are uniformly mixed, water is added to adjust the water content to 40%-55%, and then the mixture is uniformly stirred and stacked for fermentation to obtain fermented raw materials;

[0022] (4) the corresponding weight parts of quicklime are uniformly scattered at the bottom of the cowshed, and the fermented raw materials prepared in step (3) are laid in the cowshed with a thickness of 40-80 cm;

[0023] (5) On the step (4) laying on 3-5 cm of the rice husk after crushing, the cattle fermentation bed is obtained.

[0024] According to the present application, preferably, the viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis liquid in step (1) is 2.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 11 cfu / mL, the viable bacterial count of the Clostridium butyricum liquid is 5.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL, the viable bacterial count of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid is 2.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL, the viable bacterial count of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1 x 10 7 cfu / mL ~ 3 x 10 8 cfu / mL, the viable bacterial count of the Lactobacillus acidophilus liquid is 1.0 x 10 8 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL.

[0025] According to the present application, preferably, the Bacillus subtilis is cultured at 35-37℃ based on the LB culture;

[0026] The Clostridium butyricum is cultured at 35-37℃ based on the Clostridium butyricum culture;

[0027] The Rhodopseudomonas palustris is cultured at a temperature of 28-32℃, light of 500-5000lx, and oxygen content of 2-10% based on the TSA culture medium;

[0028] The Saccharomyces cerevisiae is cultured at 37-40℃ based on the YPD culture;

[0029] The Lactobacillus acidophilus is cultured at 35-37℃ based on the MRS culture under anaerobic condition;

[0030] The components of the LB liquid culture medium include the following by mass fraction: 1% tryptone, 0.5% yeast extract, 1% sodium chloride (NaCl), water as solvent, natural pH, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid culture medium;

[0031] The components of the Clostridium butyricum culture medium include the following by mass fraction: 0.3% glucose, 0.3% malt dextrin, 1.2% yeast extract, 1.2% soybean peptone, 0.5% sodium chloride, 0.3% sodium acetate, 0.05% L-cysteine, water as solvent, pH 6.5, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid culture medium;

[0032] The components of the TSA medium include the following by mass fraction: 1.5% tryptone, 0.5% soybean peptone, 0.5% sodium chloride, water as solvent, pH 7.1-7.5, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid medium;

[0033] The components of the YPD liquid medium include the following by mass fraction: 1% yeast extract, 2% peptone, 2% glucose, water as solvent, pH 5.8-6.2, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid medium;

[0034] The components of the MRS medium include the following by mass fraction: 1% peptone, 0.5% beef extract, 0.4% yeast extract, 2% glucose, 0.1% Tween-80, 0.2% potassium phosphate dibasic, 0.5% sodium acetate, 0.2% triammonium citrate, 0.02% magnesium sulfate, 0.005% manganese sulfate, water as solvent, pH 6.0-6.4, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid medium.

[0035] According to the application, preferably, in step (3), the fermentation is carried out in a cuboid-shaped pile with a length of 0.5-1.0 m, a width of 1.0-1.5 m, and a height of 0.5-0.8 m.

[0036] According to the application, preferably, the fermentation time in step (3) is 3-7 days, and the moisture content of the fermented material after fermentation is controlled to be 10%-17%.

[0037] According to the application, preferably, in step (4), the thickness of the fermented material is adjusted according to the room temperature, and when the room temperature is above 16℃, the thickness is 40 cm≦thickness≦60 cm, and when the room temperature is less than 16℃, the thickness is 60<thickness≦80 cm.

[0038] The method for using the cattle fermentation bed comprises the following steps:

[0039] The cattle are bred in the fermentation bed, the cattle manure is mixed with the bedding material of the fermentation bed, the bedding material is turned over every 7-10 days, when the sinking thickness of the bedding material is less than 10 cm, rice straw 50-60 parts by weight, rice husk 10-15 parts by weight, and mixed bacteria liquid A 3-6 parts by weight are mixed to supplement the 10 cm thick rice straw and rice husk and mixed bacteria liquid A, and the fermentation bed is removed from the cattle house after being used for 2-4 years and is used as a discarded fermentation bed.

[0040] A special organic fertilizer for rice includes the following components by weight: the discarded fermentation bed 60-100 parts, rice straw 15-20 parts, rice husk 10-15 parts, wood ash 10-15 parts, mixed bacteria liquid B 4-8 parts, and mixed enzyme preparation 0.01-0.04 parts.

[0041] The mixed enzyme preparation comprises nitrogen-fixing enzyme and superoxide dismutase, and the enzyme activity is 800-1000 U / g; the mixed bacteria liquid B comprises ordinary thermophilic actinomycete, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Rhodopseudomonas palustris.

[0042] According to the application, preferably, the preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid B comprises the following steps:

[0043] The ordinary thermophilic actinomycete, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Rhodopseudomonas palustris are respectively inoculated into corresponding solid culture medium and activated for 24-48 hours, and then respectively inoculated into corresponding liquid culture medium and activated for more than 24 hours; and the activated ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid, Saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, Bacillus subtilis liquid and Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid are mixed in a weight ratio of 3:1:3:1:1 to obtain the mixed bacteria liquid B.

[0044] According to the application, preferably, the viable count of the Bacillus subtilis liquid is 2.0×10 9 cfu / mL-1.0×10 11 cfu / mL, the viable count of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid is 2.0×10 9 cfu / mL-1.0×10 10 cfu / mL, the viable count of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1×10 7 cfu / mL-3×10 8 cfu / mL, the viable count of the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid is 1.0×10 9 cfu / mL-1.0×10 11 cfu / mL, and the viable count of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid is 2.0×10 10 cfu / mL-1.0×10 11 cfu / mL.

[0045] According to the application, preferably, the Bacillus subtilis is cultured at 35-37 DEG C using LB culture medium; the Rhodopseudomonas palustris is cultured at a temperature of 28-32 DEG C using TSA culture medium under light illumination of 500-5000 lx and oxygen content of 2-10 %; the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is cultured at 37-40 DEG C using YPD culture medium; the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete is cultured at 47-53 DEG C using ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid culture medium; and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is cultured at 35-37 DEG C using LB culture medium.

[0046] The components of the LB liquid culture medium comprise the following in terms of mass fraction: 1 % trypsin peptone, 0.5 % yeast extract, 1 % sodium chloride, water as solvent, natural pH, and 2 % agar is additionally added to the solid culture medium.

[0047] The YPD liquid culture medium comprises the following components in mass fraction: 1% yeast extract, 2% peptone, 2% glucose, water as solvent, pH 5.8-6.2, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid culture medium;

[0048] The TSA culture medium comprises the following components in mass fraction: 1.5% tryptone, 0.5% soybean peptone, 0.5% sodium chloride, water as solvent, pH 7.1-7.5, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid culture medium.

[0049] The ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid culture medium comprises the following components in mass fraction: 2% soluble starch, 0.1% potassium nitrate, 0.05% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.001% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.001% ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.05% sodium chloride, water as solvent, pH 7.2-7.4, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid culture medium.

[0050] According to the application, preferably, the Bacillus subtilis is Bacillus subtilis ACCC 19373, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ACCC 19746, the Rhodopseudomonas palustris is Rhodopseudomonas palustris CICC 23812, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC 1517, and the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete is ordinary thermophilic actinomycete CICC 10650.

[0051] The preparation method of the special organic fertilizer for rice comprises the following steps:

[0052] a. drying and crushing rice straw and rice husk to pass through a 3-5 mm screen;

[0053] b. preparing mixed bacteria liquid B;

[0054] c. uniformly mixing the corresponding weight parts of waste fermentation bed, rice straw, rice husk, wood ash, mixed bacteria liquid B and mixed enzyme preparation and supplementing water to 50-60%;

[0055] d. stacking and fermenting to prepare the special organic fertilizer for rice.

[0056] According to the application, preferably, the mixed enzyme preparation comprises nitrogen-fixing enzyme and superoxide dismutase, the enzyme activity is 800-1000 U / g, and the enzyme activity ratio of the added nitrogen-fixing enzyme and superoxide dismutase is (1.5-2):1.

[0057] According to the application, preferably, in step d, when the temperature reaches 55-65℃, the temperature is maintained for fermentation for 6-7 days, then the temperature is controlled to 30-45℃ for fermentation for 10-15 days, the pile is turned over every 3-4 days during the period, and when the water content is less than 30%, the temperature is reduced to below 35℃ for fermentation to be completed.

[0058] The application has the following beneficial effects

[0059] 1. The cattle breeding fermentation bed prepared by this invention has a short preparation cycle, can effectively degrade manure, reduce the concentration of malodorous gases such as ammonia and indole, improve the living environment of cattle, and after being licked by cattle, it can improve the intestinal microenvironment, increase the absorption rate, promote excretion, have an antagonistic effect on pathogenic microorganisms, enhance the disease resistance of cattle, and promote cattle growth.

[0060] 2. The fermented cattle breeding bed prepared by this invention can be used to prepare rice-specific organic fertilizer after it is discarded. It can accelerate the decomposition of organic fertilizer and work simultaneously with mixed bacterial solution B to form a probiotic environment in the soil, enrich the soil microbial community, affect the soil physicochemical properties, improve soil fertility, and convert the nutrients in the soil into soluble forms that can be absorbed by plants, promoting the growth of rice roots and plants. At the same time, it can increase the growth hormone level of rice, promote plant growth, inhibit the growth of pathogens, and enhance the disease resistance of rice.

[0061] 3. The raw materials for preparing the fermentation bed of this invention, rice straw and rice husk, are agricultural by-products, which can effectively solve the problem of recycling by-products in rice planting areas. Including other raw materials, the raw materials are widely available, easy to obtain, and low in cost.

[0062] 4. After use, the fermentation bed prepared by this invention is rich in organic matter and other nutrients. The rice-specific organic fertilizer prepared through secondary fermentation can enhance soil fertility, improve soil structure, increase rice yield and stress resistance, and prevent or reduce diseases, among other functions. Attached Figure Description

[0063] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of fermentation beds and rice-specific organic fertilizer. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The reagents and strains involved in the embodiments are all common commercially available products.

[0065] The microorganisms involved in the examples are all common commercially available products, obtainable through ordinary commercial channels, and do not involve microbial preservation. The sources of the microorganisms in the examples are as follows:

[0066] Bacillus subtilis: purchased from China Agricultural Microbial Culture Collection Center, strain number: ACCC 19373;

[0067] Clostridium butyricum: purchased from China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center, strain number CICC 23847;

[0068] Rhodopsudoemonas palustris: purchased from China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center, strain number CICC 23812;

[0069] Saccharomyces cerevisiae: purchased from China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, strain number CICC 1517;

[0070] Lactobacillus acidophilus: purchased from China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center, strain number CICC 6089;

[0071] Ordinary high-temperature actinomycetes: purchased from China Industrial Microbial Culture Collection Center, strain number CICC 10650;

[0072] Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: purchased from China Agricultural Microbial Culture Collection Center, strain number ACCC 19746;

[0073] Superoxide dismutase: purchased from Xi'an Four Seasons Biological Technology Co., Ltd., enzyme activity 800-1000 U / g;

[0074] Nitrogenase: purchased from Qiyan Biological Technology Co., Ltd., enzyme activity 800-1000 U / g;

[0075] Amylase: purchased from Cangzhou Xiasheng Enzyme Biological Technology Co., Ltd., 2000-3000 U / mL.

[0076] The medium components involved in the examples are as follows, all in mass percentage:

[0077] The components of LB liquid medium include the following in mass fraction: 1% tryptone, 0.5% yeast extract, 1% sodium chloride (NaCl), solvent is water, pH is natural, and the solid medium additionally contains 2% agar;

[0078] The components of Clostridium butyricum culture medium include the following in mass fraction: 0.3% glucose, 0.3% malt dextrin, 1.2% yeast extract, 1.2% soybean peptone, 0.5% sodium chloride, 0.3% sodium acetate, 0.05% L-cysteine, solvent is water, pH 6.5, and the solid medium additionally contains 2% agar;

[0079] The components of the TSA medium include the following by mass fraction: 1.5% tryptone, 0.5% soybean peptone, 0.5% sodium chloride, water as a solvent, pH 7.1-7.5, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid medium;

[0080] The components of the YPD liquid medium include the following by mass fraction: 1% yeast extract, 2% peptone, 2% glucose, water as a solvent, pH 5.8-6.2, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid medium;

[0081] The components of the MRS medium include the following by mass fraction: 1% peptone, 0.5% beef extract, 0.4% yeast extract, 2% glucose, 0.1% Tween-80, 0.2% potassium phosphate dibasic, 0.5% sodium acetate, 0.2% triammonium citrate, 0.02% magnesium sulfate, 0.005% manganese sulfate, water as a solvent, pH 6.0-6.4, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid medium.

[0082] The components of the general liquid medium for high-temperature actinomycetes include the following by mass fraction: 2% soluble starch, 0.1% potassium nitrate, 0.05% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.001% magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.001% ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.05% sodium chloride, water as a solvent, pH 7.2-7.4, and 2% agar is additionally added to the solid medium.

[0083] The cattle breeding fermentation bed experiment in the present application is carried out in a black cattle breeding farm in Gaoqing County, Zibo City, Shandong Province.

[0084] Figure 1 The preparation flowchart of the fermentation bed and the special organic fertilizer for rice is shown in the figure.

[0085] Example 1

[0086] The cattle breeding fermentation bed provided in the present embodiment comprises the following raw materials by weight: 60 parts of rice straw, 12 parts of rice husk, 11 parts of quicklime, 11 parts of corn flour, 6 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of sawdust, and 4 parts of mixed bacteria liquid A.

[0087] The preparation method of the cattle breeding fermentation bed comprises the following steps:

[0088] (1) Preparation of mixed bacteria liquid A: Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus acidophilus were inoculated in the corresponding solid culture medium for 36h activation, and single colonies were picked from the solid culture medium and inoculated into the corresponding liquid culture medium for more than 24h activation. Bacillus subtilis was cultured in LB culture medium at 37℃, Clostridium butyricum was cultured in Clostridium butyricum culture medium at 37℃, Rhodopseudomonas palustris was cultured in TSA medium at a temperature of 30℃, 3000lx light, and 5% oxygen content, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultured in YPD culture medium at 40℃, and Lactobacillus acidophilus was cultured in MRS culture medium at 37℃ in anaerobic condition. Five kinds of activated bacteria liquid were prepared. The viable count of Bacillus subtilis liquid was 1.0x10 10 cfu / mL, the viable count of Clostridium butyricum liquid was 5.0x10 9 cfu / mL, the viable count of Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid was 5.0x10 9 cfu / mL, the viable count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 5x10 7 cfu / mL, and the viable count of Lactobacillus acidophilus liquid was 1.0x10 9 cfu / mL; the five kinds of activated bacteria liquid were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacteria liquid A;

[0089] (2) The rice straw and rice husk were crushed respectively;

[0090] (3) All the raw materials except for quicklime were mixed uniformly, water was added to adjust the moisture content to 50%, and then stirred uniformly to form a long 0.7m, high 0.6m, and wide 1.3m rectangular cuboid, which was fermented for 5 days. After fermentation, the moisture content of the fermented material was controlled to be 15%;

[0091] (4) The temperature of the cow house was 17℃, and the corresponding weight of quicklime was uniformly scattered at the bottom of the cow house. The fermented raw material of step (3) was laid in the cow house with a thickness of 60cm;

[0092] (5) 4cm of crushed rice husk was laid on the step (4), and a cow fermentation bed was obtained.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] The present embodiment provides a cow breeding fermentation bed, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: rice straw 80 parts, rice husk 15 parts, quicklime 12 parts, corn flour 12 parts, wheat bran 8 parts, sawdust 8 parts, and mixed bacteria liquid A 6 parts.

[0095] The preparation method of the above-mentioned cow breeding fermentation bed comprises the following steps:

[0096] (1) Preparation of mixed bacteria liquid A: Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus acidophilus were inoculated in the corresponding solid culture medium for 36h activation, and single colonies were picked from the solid culture medium and inoculated into the corresponding liquid culture medium for more than 24h activation. Bacillus subtilis was cultured in LB culture medium at 37℃, Clostridium butyricum was cultured in Clostridium butyricum culture medium at 37℃, Rhodopseudomonas palustris was cultured in TSA medium at a temperature of 30℃, 3000lx light, and 5% oxygen content, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultured in YPD culture medium at 40℃, and Lactobacillus acidophilus was cultured in MRS culture medium at 37℃ in anaerobic condition. Five kinds of activated bacteria liquid were prepared. The viable count of Bacillus subtilis liquid was 1.0x10 10 cfu / mL, the viable count of Clostridium butyricum liquid was 5.0x10 9 cfu / mL, the viable count of Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid was 5.0x10 9 cfu / mL, the viable count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 5x10 7 cfu / mL, and the viable count of Lactobacillus acidophilus liquid was 1.0x10 9 cfu / mL; the five kinds of activated bacteria liquid were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacteria liquid A;

[0097] (2) The rice straw and rice husk were crushed respectively;

[0098] (3) All the raw materials except for quicklime were mixed uniformly, water was added to adjust the moisture content to 55%, and then stirred uniformly to form a long 0.7m, high 0.8m, and wide 1.2m rectangular cuboid, which was fermented for 5 days. After fermentation, the moisture content of the fermented material was controlled to be 17%;

[0099] (4) The temperature of the cow house was 13℃, and the corresponding weight of quicklime was uniformly scattered at the bottom of the cow house. The fermented raw material after step (3) was laid in the cow house with a thickness of 70cm;

[0100] (5) 5cm of crushed rice husk was laid on the top of step (4) to obtain a cow fermentation bed.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] The present embodiment provides a cow breeding fermentation bed, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: rice straw 50 parts, rice husk 10 parts, quicklime 10 parts, corn flour 10 parts, wheat bran 5 parts, sawdust 5 parts, and mixed bacteria liquid A 3 parts.

[0103] The preparation method of the above-mentioned cow breeding fermentation bed comprises the following steps:

[0104] (1) Preparation of mixed bacteria liquid A: Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus acidophilus were inoculated in the corresponding solid culture medium for 36 hours of activation, and single colonies were picked from the solid culture medium and inoculated into the corresponding liquid culture medium for more than 24 hours of activation. Bacillus subtilis was cultured in LB culture medium at 37°C, Clostridium butyricum was cultured in Clostridium butyricum culture medium at 37°C, Rhodopseudomonas palustris was cultured in TSA medium at a temperature of 30°C, 3000lx of light, and 5% of oxygen content, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultured in YPD culture medium at 40°C, and Lactobacillus acidophilus was cultured in MRS culture medium at 37°C in an anaerobic environment. Five kinds of activated bacteria liquid were prepared. The viable count of Bacillus subtilis liquid was 1.0×10 10 cfu / mL, the viable count of Clostridium butyricum liquid was 5.0×10 9 cfu / mL, the viable count of Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid was 5.0×10 9 cfu / mL, the viable count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 5×10 7 cfu / mL, and the viable count of Lactobacillus acidophilus liquid was 1.0×10 9 cfu / mL; the five kinds of activated bacteria liquid were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacteria liquid A;

[0105] (2) The rice straw and rice husk were crushed respectively;

[0106] (3) All the raw materials except for quicklime were mixed uniformly, water was added to adjust the moisture content to 40%, and then stirred uniformly to form a rectangular pile with a length of 0.6 meters, a height of 0.8 meters, and a width of 1.1 meters, and fermented for 5 days. After fermentation, the moisture content of the fermented material was controlled at 15%;

[0107] (4) The temperature in the cowshed was 16°C, and the corresponding weight of quicklime was uniformly scattered at the bottom of the cowshed. The fermented raw material after step (3) was laid flat on the cowshed with a thickness of 60 cm;

[0108] (5) 3 cm of crushed rice husk was laid on top of step (4) to obtain a cow fermentation bed.

[0109] Comparative Example 1

[0110] The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), Bacillus subtilis is replaced by an equal amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the others are the same.

[0111] Comparative Example 2

[0112] The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1), Saccharomyces cerevisiae is replaced by an equal amount of Bacillus subtilis, and the others are the same.

[0113] Comparative Example 3

[0114] The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1) Clostridium butyricum is replaced by an equal amount of Bacillus subtilis, and the others are the same.

[0115] Comparative Example 4

[0116] The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1) Rhodopseudomonas palustris is replaced by an equal amount of Bacillus subtilis, and the others are the same.

[0117] Comparative Example 5

[0118] The difference from Example 1 is that in step (1) Lactobacillus acidophilus is replaced by an equal amount of Bacillus subtilis, and the others are the same.

[0119] Comparative Example 6

[0120] A cattle breeding fermentation bed, comprising the following raw materials by weight: corn stalks 50 parts, rice husk 10 parts, corn flour 10 parts, wheat bran 5 parts, sawdust 5 parts, and mixed bacteria liquid X 3 parts.

[0121] The preparation method of the above-mentioned cattle breeding fermentation bed, comprising the following steps:

[0122] (1) Preparation of mixed bacteria liquid X: Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Lactobacillus acidophilus are inoculated into corresponding solid culture media and activated for 36 h, then single colonies are picked from the solid culture media and inoculated into corresponding liquid culture media and activated for more than 24 h. Bacillus subtilis is cultured in LB culture medium at 37°C, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is cultured in YPD culture medium at 40°C, and Lactobacillus acidophilus is cultured in MRS culture medium under anaerobic conditions at 37°C. Five kinds of activated bacteria liquids are prepared. The viable cell count of Bacillus subtilis bacteria liquid is 1.0×10 10 cfu / mL, the viable cell count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 5×10 7 cfu / mL, and the viable cell count of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria liquid is 1.0×10 9 cfu / mL; the five kinds of activated bacteria liquids are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain mixed bacteria liquid X;

[0123] (2) Corn stalks and rice husk are separately crushed;

[0124] (3) All raw materials are mixed uniformly, water is added to adjust the moisture content to 40%, and then stirred uniformly to form a rectangular cuboid with a length of 0.7 meters, a height of 0.6 meters, and a width of 1.3 meters. After fermentation for 5 days, the moisture content of the fermented material is controlled to be 15%;

[0125] (4) The room temperature of the cowshed is 17°C, and the fermented raw materials after step (3) are laid flat in the cowshed with a thickness of 60 cm, thereby obtaining a cattle fermentation bed.

[0126] Comparative Example 7

[0127] A method for treating a cattle breeding ground, which comprises: laying rice husks and sawdust on a cement ground of a cattle house in a proportion of 1:1 by weight.

[0128] Experimental Example 1

[0129] The cattle fermentation beds prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 and the ground without laying the fermentation bed in Comparative Example 7 are used for breeding 10 groups of black cattle, and the initial weight and number of cattle in each group and other conditions and breeding conditions are the same, and the use method of the cattle fermentation bed comprises the following steps: breeding cattle on the fermentation bed, if the cattle manure is concentrated on the fermentation bed during use, the concentrated cattle manure is evenly spread and scattered to the surface of the fermentation bed, and is mixed with the bedding of the fermentation bed, the cattle fermentation bed in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 is supplemented with 10 cm thick straw rice husks and mixed bacteria liquid A in a proportion of 50-60 parts of rice straw, 10-15 parts of rice husk and 3-6 parts of mixed bacteria liquid A by weight, and the cattle fermentation bed in Comparative Example 6 is supplemented with 10 cm thick straw rice husks and mixed bacteria liquid X in a proportion of 50-60 parts of corn straw, 10-15 parts of rice husk and 3-6 parts of mixed bacteria liquid X by weight. The ground in Comparative Example 7 is re-laid with rice husks and sawdust in a proportion of 1:1 by weight every month. The odor of the cattle house, the decomposition status of the cattle manure, the average monthly weight gain of the cattle and the incidence of cattle disease are compared, as shown in Table 1.

[0130] The incidence of disease refers to the proportion of the average number of black cattle with diarrhea per year in the total number of breeding cattle, and the calculation formula is incidence of disease = number of sick cattle / total number of breeding cattle*100%.

[0131] Table 1

[0132]

[0133] From the experimental results in Table 1, it can be seen that the fermentation bed prepared by the present application can degrade cattle manure, reduce the odor of the cattle house, improve the cattle breeding environment, and after being licked by the cattle, it enters the intestinal tract of the black cattle, can adjust the balance of intestinal flora, has an antagonistic effect on pathogenic microorganisms, enhances the disease resistance of the cattle, reduces the incidence of cattle diarrhea, and at the same time reduces the mortality rate, and promotes the growth of the cattle.

[0134] Example 4

[0135] The present embodiment provides a special organic fertilizer for rice, which comprises the following components by weight:

[0136] 80 parts of waste fermentation bed of Example 1, 17 parts of rice straw, 12 parts of rice husk, 12 parts of wood ash, 6 parts of mixed bacteria liquid B and 0.02 parts of mixed enzyme preparation.

[0137] The preparation method of the special organic fertilizer for rice comprises the following steps:

[0138] a, the rice straw and rice hull are naturally dried, crushed and passed through a 4mm screen;

[0139] b, the mixed bacteria liquid B is prepared;

[0140] c, the mixed enzyme preparation contains nitrogen-fixing enzyme and superoxide dismutase, the enzyme activity is 800-1000 U / g, the ratio of the enzyme activity of nitrogen-fixing enzyme and superoxide dismutase is 2:1, all raw materials are mixed uniformly and the moisture content is supplemented to 55%;

[0141] d, the fermentation is carried out by stacking, when the temperature reaches 60℃, the fermentation is maintained for 7 days, then the temperature is controlled at 40℃ for 11 days, during which the pile is turned over every 3 days, when the moisture content is less than 30%, the temperature is reduced to below 35℃ and the fermentation is completed, thereby obtaining the special organic fertilizer for rice.

[0142] The specific steps of preparing the mixed bacteria liquid B in step b are as follows: the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus subtilis and rhodopseudomonas palustris are respectively inoculated into the corresponding solid culture medium and activated for 36h, the activated five kinds of bacteria are respectively inoculated into the corresponding liquid culture medium and activated for more than 24h, the activated ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid, saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid, bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, bacillus subtilis liquid and rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:1:3:1:1 to obtain the mixed bacteria liquid B. The bacillus subtilis is cultured using LB culture medium at 37℃; the rhodopseudomonas palustris is cultured using TSA culture medium at a temperature of 30℃, 3000lx light and 5% oxygen content, the saccharomyces cerevisiae is cultured using YPD culture medium at 40℃, the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete is cultured using ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid culture medium at 50℃, and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is cultured using LB culture medium at 37℃. The viable count of the bacillus subtilis liquid is 2.0×10 10 cfu / mL, the viable count of the rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid is 2.0×10 9 cfu / mL, the viable count of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1×10 8 cfu / mL, the viable count of the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid is 1.0×10 10 cfu / mL, and the viable count of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid is 1.0×10 11 cfu / mL.

[0143] Example 5

[0144] The present embodiment provides a special organic fertilizer for rice, which comprises the following components by weight:

[0145] 60 parts of the waste fermentation bed of Example 1, 15 parts of rice straw, 10 parts of rice hull, 10 parts of wood ash, 4 parts of mixed bacteria liquid B and 0.02 parts of mixed enzyme preparation.

[0146] The preparation method of the rice special-purpose organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0147] a. After the rice straw and rice husk are naturally dried, they are crushed through a 4 mm screen;

[0148] b. A mixed bacteria solution B is prepared;

[0149] c. The enzyme preparation comprises nitrogen-fixing enzyme and superoxide dismutase, and the enzyme activity ratio of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme to the superoxide dismutase is 2:1. All the raw materials are uniformly mixed and water is added to 50%.

[0150] d. Pile fermentation is performed. When the temperature reaches 55℃, the temperature is maintained for fermentation for 6 days. Then, the temperature is controlled to be 30℃ for fermentation for 14 days. During the fermentation, the pile is turned over every 4 days. When the water content is less than 30%, the temperature is reduced to below 35℃, and the fermentation is completed. Thus, the rice special-purpose organic fertilizer is prepared.

[0151] The specific steps of preparing the mixed bacteria solution B in step b are as follows: the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the Bacillus subtilis and the Rhodopseudomonas palustris are respectively inoculated into corresponding solid culture media and activated for 36 hours. The five kinds of activated bacteria are respectively inoculated into corresponding liquid culture media and activated for more than 24 hours. The activated ordinary thermophilic actinomycete solution, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae solution, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution, the Bacillus subtilis solution and the Rhodopseudomonas palustris solution are mixed according to a weight ratio of 3:1:3:1:1 to obtain the mixed bacteria solution B. The Bacillus subtilis is cultured in LB culture medium at 37℃. The Rhodopseudomonas palustris is cultured in TSA culture medium at a temperature of 30℃, under illumination of 3000lx and with an oxygen content of 5%. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae is cultured in YPD culture medium at 40℃. The ordinary thermophilic actinomycete is cultured in ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid culture medium at 50℃. The Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is cultured in LB culture medium at 37℃. The viable bacterial count of the Bacillus subtilis solution is 2.0×10 10 cfu / mL. The viable bacterial count of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris solution is 2.0×10 9 cfu / mL. The viable bacterial count of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1×10 8 cfu / mL. The viable bacterial count of the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete solution is 1.0×10 10 cfu / mL. The viable bacterial count of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution is 1.0×10 11 cfu / mL.

[0152] Example 6

[0153] The present embodiment provides a rice special-purpose organic fertilizer which comprises the following components in terms of weight ratio:

[0154] Example 1 100 parts of waste fermentation bed, 20 parts of rice straw, 15 parts of rice husk, 15 parts of wood ash, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid B, and 0.02 parts of mixed enzyme preparation.

[0155] The preparation method of the rice special organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0156] a. After the rice straw and rice husk are naturally dried, they are crushed through a 5 mm screen;

[0157] b. The mixed bacteria liquid B is prepared;

[0158] c. The mixed enzyme preparation comprises nitrogen-fixing enzyme and superoxide dismutase, and the enzyme activity ratio of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme to the superoxide dismutase is 2:1. All the raw materials are uniformly mixed, and the moisture content is supplemented to 60%;

[0159] d. The fermentation is carried out by stacking. When the temperature reaches 65℃, the fermentation is maintained for 7 days. Then, the temperature is controlled to 45℃ for fermentation for 10 days. During the fermentation, the pile is turned over every 4 days. When the moisture content is less than 30%, the temperature is reduced to below 35℃, and the fermentation is completed. Thus, the rice special organic fertilizer is prepared.

[0160] The specific steps of the step b of preparing the mixed bacteria liquid B are as follows: the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the Bacillus subtilis, and the Rhodopseudomonas palustris are respectively inoculated into corresponding solid culture media and activated for 36 hours. The five kinds of activated bacteria are respectively inoculated into corresponding liquid culture media and activated for more than 24 hours. The activated ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, the Bacillus subtilis liquid, and the Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:1:3:1:1 to obtain the mixed bacteria liquid B. The Bacillus subtilis is cultured in LB culture medium at 37℃; the Rhodopseudomonas palustris is cultured in TSA culture medium at a temperature of 30℃, under light illumination of 3000lx, and under an oxygen content of 5%; the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is cultured in YPD culture medium at 40℃; the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete is cultured in ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid culture medium at 50℃; and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is cultured in LB culture medium at 37℃. The viable cell count of the Bacillus subtilis liquid is 2.0×10 10 cfu / mL, the viable cell count of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid is 2.0×10 9 cfu / mL, the viable cell count of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1×10 8 cfu / mL, the viable cell count of the ordinary thermophilic actinomycete liquid is 1.0×10 10 cfu / mL, and the viable cell count of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid is 1.0×10 11 cfu / mL.

[0161] Comparative Example 8

[0162] The difference from Example 4 is that the nitrogenase is replaced with an equal amount of amylase, and the others are the same.

[0163] Comparative Example 9

[0164] The difference from Example 4 is that the superoxide dismutase is replaced with an equal amount of amylase, and the others are the same.

[0165] Comparative Example 10

[0166] The difference from Example 4 is that the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the mixed bacterial solution B in step b is replaced with an equal amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the YPD culture is cultured at 30°C, with a viable bacterial count of 1.0 x 10 6 cfu / mL, and the others are the same.

[0167] Comparative Example 11

[0168] The difference from Example 4 is that the Rhodopseudomonas palustris in the mixed bacterial solution B in step b is replaced with an equal amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the YPD culture is cultured at 30°C, with a viable bacterial count of 1.0 x 10 6 cfu / mL, and the others are the same.

[0169] Comparative Example 12

[0170] The difference from Example 4 is that the rice straw in the raw material is replaced with an equal amount of corn straw, and the others are the same.

[0171] Comparative Example 13

[0172] The difference from Example 4 is that the discarded fermentation bed fertilizer in the raw material is replaced with an equal amount of cow dung, and the others are the same.

[0173] Experimental Example 2

[0174] The rice special-purpose organic fertilizer prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 8-12 is applied to 9 groups of rice paddies, each group having the same planting density and number, and the same management conditions. The germination rate, thousand-grain weight, yield per mu, and the rate of sheath blight disease, leaf spot disease, and rice blast disease during the rice planting period are compared for each group of rice, as shown in Table 2.

[0175] Table 2

[0176]

[0177]

[0178] As can be seen from Table 2, the rice special-purpose organic fertilizer provided by the application is obviously superior to organic fertilizers with other formula compositions in effect, can not only promote the growth of rice, increase the germination rate of rice, promote the fullness of rice panicles, but also can enhance the stress resistance and disease resistance of rice, can improve the resistance of rice to sheath blight, leaf spot and rice blast, can better meet the demand for preventing and treating sheath blight, leaf spot and rice blast of rice in agricultural production, and significantly increase the yield of rice.

[0179] In conclusion, the fermented bed for cattle breeding prepared by the application has a short preparation period, can effectively degrade fecal pollution, is licked by cattle and then enters the intestinal tract of cattle, can adjust the balance of intestinal flora, has an antagonistic effect on pathogenic microorganisms, enhances the disease resistance of cattle, reduces the incidence of diarrhea of cattle, simultaneously reduces the mortality rate, and promotes the growth of cattle.

[0180] The rice special-purpose organic fertilizer provided by the application can promote the growth of rice, increase the germination rate of rice, promote the fullness of rice panicles, can improve the resistance of rice to sheath blight, leaf spot and rice blast, can better meet the demand for preventing and treating sheath blight, leaf spot and rice blast of rice in agricultural production, and significantly increase the yield of rice.

Claims

1. A cattle breeding fermenting bed, characterized by, The following raw materials are included by weight parts: 50-80 parts of rice straw, 10-15 parts of rice husk, 10-12 parts of quicklime, 10-12 parts of corn flour, 5-8 parts of wheat bran, 5-8 parts of sawdust, 3-6 parts of mixed bacteria liquid A; The mixed bacteria liquid A includes Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Lactobacillus acidophilus; The preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid A includes the following steps: Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Lactobacillus acidophilus are prepared into bacteria liquid respectively, and five kinds of bacteria liquid are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain the mixed bacteria liquid A; The viable cell number of the Bacillus subtilis bacterial solution was 2.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 11 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Clostridium butyricum bacterial solution was 5.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris bacterial solution was 2.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 1 x 10 7 cfu / mL ~ 3 x 10 8 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Lactobacillus acidophilus bacterial solution was 1.0 x 10 8 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL; The strain number of Bacillus subtilis is ACCC 19373, the strain number of Clostridium butyricum is CICC 23847, the strain number of Rhodopseudomonas palustris is CICC 23812, the strain number of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is CICC 1517, and the strain number of Lactobacillus acidophilus is CICC 6089.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fermentation bed for cattle breeding is prepared by the steps of: The following steps are included: ​ (1) Preparation of mixed bacteria liquid A: Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Lactobacillus acidophilus are inoculated into the corresponding solid culture medium for 24-48 hours of activation, and then inoculated into the corresponding liquid culture medium for more than 24 hours of activation to obtain five kinds of activated bacteria liquid, and the five kinds of activated bacteria liquid are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 to obtain the mixed bacteria liquid A; (2) The rice straw and rice husk are crushed respectively; (3) The corresponding weight parts of rice straw, rice husk, corn flour, wheat bran, sawdust, and mixed bacteria liquid A are mixed uniformly, water is added to adjust the moisture content to 40%-55%, and then stirred uniformly and stacked for fermentation to obtain fermented raw materials; (4) The corresponding weight parts of quicklime are uniformly scattered at the bottom of the cowshed, and the fermented raw materials prepared in step (3) are laid in the cowshed with a thickness of 40-80 cm; (5) 3-5 cm of crushed rice husk is laid on the step (4) to obtain a cow fermentation bed; The viable cell number of the Bacillus subtilis liquid is 2.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 11 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Clostridium butyricum liquid is 5.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid is 2.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1 x 10 7 cfu / mL ~ 3 x 10 8 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Lactobacillus acidophilus liquid is 1.0 x 10 8 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL.

3. The preparation method of the fermentation bed for cattle breeding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Bacillus subtilis is cultured in LB liquid medium at 35-37℃; The Clostridium butyricum is cultured in Clostridium butyricum culture medium at 35-37℃; The Rhodopseudomonas palustris is cultured in TSA culture medium at a temperature of 28-32℃, 500-5000 lx of light, and 2-10% of oxygen content; The Saccharomyces cerevisiae is cultured in YPD liquid medium at 37-40℃; The Lactobacillus acidophilus is cultured in MRS culture medium at 35-37℃ in anaerobic condition; The components of the LB liquid medium include the following by mass fraction: 1% tryptone, 0.5% yeast extract, 1% sodium chloride (NaCl), solvent is water, pH is natural, and the solid culture medium additionally contains 2% agar; The components of the Clostridium butyricum culture medium include the following by mass fraction: 0.3% glucose, 0.3% malt dextrin, 1.2% yeast extract, 1.2% soybean peptone, 0.5% sodium chloride, 0.3% sodium acetate, 0.05% L-cysteine, solvent is water, pH is 6.5, and the solid culture medium additionally contains 2% agar; The components of the TSA culture medium include the following by mass fraction: 1.5% tryptone, 0.5% soybean peptone, 0.5% sodium chloride, solvent is water, pH 7.1-7.5, and the solid culture medium additionally contains 2% agar; The components of the YPD liquid culture medium include the following by mass fraction: 1% yeast extract, 2% peptone, 2% glucose, solvent is water, pH 5.8-6.2, and the solid culture medium additionally contains 2% agar; The components of the MRS culture medium include the following by mass fraction: 1% peptone, 0.5% beef extract, 0.4% yeast extract, 2% glucose, 0.1% Tween-80, 0.2% potassium phosphate dibasic, 0.5% sodium acetate, 0.2% triammonium citrate, 0.02% magnesium sulfate, 0.005% manganese sulfate, solvent is water, pH 6.0-6.4, and the solid culture medium additionally contains 2% agar.

4. The preparation method of the fermentation bed for cattle breeding according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (3), the heap grows to 0.5-1.0 meters in length, 1.0-1.5 meters in width, and 0.5-0.8 meters in height, and the fermentation is carried out in a cuboid shape; In step (3), the fermentation time is 3-7 days, and the water content of the fermented material is controlled to be 10%-17% after fermentation; In step (4), the thickness of the fermented material is adjusted according to the room temperature, and when the room temperature is above 16℃, the thickness is 40cm≤thickness≤60cm, and when the room temperature is less than 16℃, the thickness is 60<thickness≤80cm.

5. The method of using the fermented bed for cattle breeding produced according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The cattle are bred in the fermentation bed, and the cattle manure is mixed with the bedding material of the fermentation bed, the fermentation bed is turned over every 7-10 days, when the thickness of the bedding material is less than 10cm, 50-60 parts of rice straw, 10-15 parts of rice husk, and 3-6 parts of mixed bacteria liquid A are mixed according to weight parts to supplement the thickness of 10cm of the rice straw and rice husk and the mixed bacteria liquid A, and the fermentation bed is removed from the cattle house after being used for 2-4 years and is used as a discarded fermentation bed.

6. A special organic fertilizer for rice, comprising the following components by weight parts: 60-100 parts of the discarded fermentation bed in claim 5, 15-20 parts of rice straw, 10-15 parts of rice husk, 10-15 parts of wood ash, 4-8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid B, and 0.01-0.04 parts of mixed enzyme preparation; The mixed enzyme preparation includes: nitrogen-fixing enzyme and superoxide dismutase, and the enzyme activity is 800-1000U / g; The mixed bacteria liquid B comprises ordinary thermophilic actinomycetes, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris; The preparation method of the mixed bacteria liquid B comprises the following steps: The ordinary thermophilic actinomycetes, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris are respectively inoculated into corresponding solid culture media and activated for 24h-48h, and then are respectively inoculated into corresponding liquid culture media and activated for more than 24h, and the activated ordinary thermophilic actinomycetes liquid, Saccharomyces cerevisiae liquid, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, Bacillus subtilis liquid, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid are mixed in a weight ratio of 3:1:3:1:1 to obtain the mixed bacteria liquid B. The viable cell number of the Bacillus subtilis bacterial solution is 2.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 11 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Rhodopseudomonas palustris bacterial solution is 2.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1 x 10 7 cfu / mL ~ 3 x 10 8 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Actinomyces vulgaris bacterial solution is 1.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 11 cfu / mL, the viable cell number of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterial solution is 2.0 x 10 10 cfu / mL ~ 1.0 x 10 11 cfu / mL; The Bacillus subtilis has a strain number of ACCC 19373, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has a strain number of ACCC 19746, the Rhodopseudomonas palustris has a strain number of CICC 23812, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a strain number of CICC 1517, and the Actinomyces stramineus has a strain number of CICC 10650.

7. The organic fertilizer for rice according to claim 6, wherein The Bacillus subtilis is cultured at 35-37 DEG C based on LB liquid culture; the Rhodopseudomonas palustris is cultured at 28-32 DEG C under light of 500-5000 lx and oxygen content of 2-10% using TSA culture medium; the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is cultured at 37-40 DEG C based on YPD liquid culture; the Actinomyces stramineus is cultured at 47-53 DEG C based on Actinomyces stramineus liquid culture; and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is cultured at 35-37 DEG C based on LB liquid culture. The LB liquid culture medium comprises the following components in terms of mass fraction: 1% of trypsin, 0.5% of yeast extract, 1% of sodium chloride, water as a solvent, and natural pH; and the solid culture medium additionally comprises 2% of agar. The YPD liquid culture medium comprises the following components in terms of mass fraction: 1% of yeast extract, 2% of protein peptone, 2% of glucose, water as a solvent, and pH of 5.8-6.2; and the solid culture medium additionally comprises 2% of agar. The TSA culture medium comprises the following components in terms of mass fraction: 1.5% of trypsin, 0.5% of soybean protein peptone, 0.5% of sodium chloride, water as a solvent, and pH of 7.1-7.5; and the solid culture medium additionally comprises 2% of agar. The Actinomyces stramineus liquid culture medium comprises the following components in terms of mass fraction: 2% of soluble starch, 0.1% of potassium nitrate, 0.05% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.001% of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.001% of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 0.05% of sodium chloride, water as a solvent, and pH of 7.2-7.4; and the solid culture medium additionally comprises 2% of agar.

8. The method for preparing the organic fertilizer for rice according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: a. drying and crushing the rice straw and rice husk to pass through a 3-5 mm sieve; b. preparing mixed bacteria liquid B; c. mixing the corresponding weight parts of the waste fermentation bed, rice straw, rice husk, wood ash, mixed bacteria liquid B, and mixed enzyme preparation uniformly and supplementing water to 50-60%; d. stacking and fermenting to obtain the special organic fertilizer for rice.

9. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for rice according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mixed enzyme preparation comprises nitrogen-fixing enzyme and superoxide dismutase, and the enzyme activity is 800-1000 U / g; the ratio of the enzyme activity of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme to that of the superoxide dismutase is (1.5-2):

1.

10. The method for preparing rice-specific organic fertilizer as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step d, when the temperature reaches 55-65 DEG C, the fermentation is maintained for 6-7 days, the temperature is controlled to 30-45 DEG C for fermentation for 10-15 days, the pile is turned over every 3-4 days during the fermentation, and when the water content is less than 30%, the temperature is reduced to below 35 DEG C to complete the fermentation.

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