A thrips control technology system based on bacteria and thrips complementation for honey pomelo fruiting stage

Abstract

The application discloses a thrips biological control technology system based on bacteria and thrips complementation, which is characterized in that, in the pre-flowering stage, the ground and underground soil are used as the main body, the thrips pupae are controlled as the target, and the bacteria and soil-dwelling predatory mites are used as complementary objects; in the flowering and fruiting stage, the honey pomelo flowers and fruits on the ground are used as the main body, the adults and nymphs of the scirtothrips citri and flower thrips are controlled as the target, and the bacteria and thrips are used as complementary objects; in the post-fruiting stage, the honey pomelo branches and leaves on the ground are used as the main body, the scirtothrips citri and scirtothrips citri are controlled as the target, and the leaf-dwelling predatory mites carrying bacteria are used as the main agent. The application firstly utilizes the cheese mite to prey on the thrips pupae once, then utilizes the soil-dwelling predatory mites to prey on the thrips pupae twice, and finally utilizes the reproduction process of the thrips to prey on the thrips larvae on the ground three times; meanwhile, the cheese mite is also the food of the southern flower bug or the ladybug, forms an integrated biological chain, introduces the thrips into the bottom end of the biological chain, and in addition, the bacteria are toxic to the thrips, so that the generation of the thrips is almost eliminated, and the thrips control effect in the flowering and fruiting stage of the honey pomelo is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural thrips prevention and treatment, and particularly relates to a honey pomelo flower and fruit stage thrips biological control technical system based on mutual complementation of bacteria and insects. BACKGROUND

[0002] In dry or high-temperature climates, honey pomelo in the spring shoot stage is often affected by thrips diseases, and has a high risk of thrips outbreak. Thrips can harm the tender branches, tender leaves, flowers and young fruits of honey pomelo. After the tender leaves are harmed by thrips, the leaf blades are twisted and deformed, the leaf flesh is thickened, the leaf blades are hardened and easily broken and shed, the growth potential is weakened, and grayish white or grayish brown appears on both sides of the leaf veins. After the young fruits are harmed by thrips, the young fruits are malnourished or have wound infections and are shed, the fruit setting rate is reduced, the fruits that are not shed are also hindered in development or form deformed fruits, or scars appear on the fruit peels, affecting fruit enlargement, coloring and maturation.

[0003] The thrips prevention and treatment methods for honey pomelo in the flower and fruit stage mainly include the following three methods.

[0004] 1. Physical prevention and treatment:

[0005] 1) Barrier of insect prevention net. 60-80 mesh insect prevention nets are added at air vents, doors and windows, and double insect prevention nets are added if necessary.

[0006] 2) High-temperature smothering. In the summer high-temperature season, before planting the next crop, the greenhouse air vents are closed, and the greenhouse is smothered for more than 15 days on sunny days.

[0007] 2. Chemical prevention and treatment:

[0008] Scientific selection of registered thrips prevention and treatment agents for vegetables, rotation of insecticides with different mechanisms of action, and the number of applications and safety intervals should meet the requirements of the pesticide label.

[0009] 1) Root irrigation before transplanting. 1-2 days before transplanting seedlings, the seedbed is treated by spraying or root irrigation with an internal-uptake active agent such as bromocyclen.

[0010] 2) Prevention and treatment during crop growth. Ethyl polymyxin, polyoxin, bromofluorobenzene diamide, bromocyclen, emamectin benzoate, buprofezin, and sophoramine can be selected. Different types of agents should be selected for use according to the specific resistance conditions in different places.

[0011] 3. Biological prevention and treatment:

[0012] 1) Release of natural enemies. At the initial stage of thrips occurrence, natural enemies such as east Asian small flower beetles or bai's new small wasps can be released for prevention and treatment, usually once every 1 week, and continuously released for 3-5 times.

[0013] 2) Spray microbial pesticides. In the early stage of the occurrence of the thrips, microbial pesticides such as Beauveria bassiana or Metarhizium anisopliae can be sprayed, and it is appropriate to apply in the evening, and thrips attractants can also be added to improve the control effect. Note that it cannot be mixed with chemical fungicides.

[0014] Among them, physical control is limited by tillage conditions, chemical control has the risk of spraying or eating and is easy to cause thrips resistance, so in recent years, the research on biological control of thrips has made more progress, that is, using the fungi of thrips natural enemies to carry out symbiotic control.

[0015] But the harm of thrips to pomelo is multi-level, such as thrips adults in the upper leaves of the crop, nymphs in the middle layer, eggs in the lower part, and pupae in the soil. The existing biological control or other control methods often use multiple control methods or mix multiple strains, and there is no systematic control system research. SUMMARY

[0016] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and a thrips biological control technology system for pomelo flowering and fruiting period based on mutual complementation of fungi and insects is proposed.

[0017] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0018] A thrips biological control technology system for pomelo flowering and fruiting period based on mutual complementation of fungi and insects, comprising the following arrangement:

[0019] Pre-flowering period: taking the ground (including ground grass) and underground soil (6cm deep) as the main body, taking thrips pupae control as the target, and taking fungi and soil-dwelling predatory mites as complementary materials;

[0020] The fungi used in the pre-flowering period include at least one of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Paecilomyces lilacinus;

[0021] The soil-dwelling predatory mites used in the pre-flowering period include any one of Nattalia gigaspider and Scleroglyphus pallipes;

[0022] Flowering and fruiting period: taking pomelo flowers and fruits on the ground as the main body, taking yellow thrips and flower thrips adults and nymphs control as the target, and taking fungi and insects as complementary materials;

[0023] The fungi used in the flowering and fruiting period are compounded by Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium in a weight ratio of (1:9)-(9:1);

[0024] The insects used in the flowering and fruiting period are compounded by southern small flower bugs or tortoise shell ladybugs and leaf-dwelling predatory mites in a weight ratio of (1:9)-(9:1);

[0025] The leaf-dwelling predatory mites include any of the following: Anystis anomalus, Neoseiulus californicus and Proctolipsus sp.

[0026] Late fruiting stage: mainly using honey pomelo branches and leaves, aiming at controlling tea thrips and yellow chest thrips, and mainly using leaf-dwelling predatory mites carrying bacteria.

[0027] Preferably, the bacteria and soil-dwelling predatory mites used in the flower stage are compounded in a weight ratio of (1:3)-(3:1).

[0028] Preferably, the bacteria and insects used in the flower and fruit stage are compounded in a weight ratio of 5:(1-2). At this time, the bacteria are used to directly kill thrips on flowers or fruits, so an excess amount is used.

[0029] Preferably, the leaf-dwelling predatory mites carrying bacteria used in the late fruiting stage are prepared and used as follows:

[0030] 1) First, pure or almost any medium-free predatory mites are produced. The predatory mites are compounded from Neoseiulus californicus and Amblyseius swirskii in a weight ratio of (1:9)-(9:1). The produced predatory mites are divided and packaged in packaging bottles containing dry vermiculite, mixed, and then placed in low-temperature refrigeration at 1-5℃ for standby;

[0031] 2) 150 billion spores / g of Beauveria bassiana powder is poured into the packaging bottle of predatory mites, immediately tightly covered, mixed, placed in low-temperature refrigeration at 1-5℃, and needs to be transported to the forest for spraying within 2h after mixing.

[0032] It should be noted that the pre-flowering stage refers to January-February, when honey pomelo branches are drawn out, and flower buds gradually grow and turn white in the late February. According to the climate and region, attention should be paid to the differentiation of honey pomelo flower buds. The differentiation of flower buds is carried out under the influence of relatively balanced tree nutrient growth and reproductive growth, suitable low temperature and drought conditions. The growing trees must be controlled in water and fertilizer, and the method of controlling the branches is used to inhibit the growth of the tree. Combined with root cutting, branch drawing, appropriate ring cutting, ring peeling, ring binding, the cell liquid concentration is increased, the tree growth is slowed down, and the differentiation of flower buds is promoted.

[0033] The flower and fruit stage refers to March-October, when honey pomelo flowers in March-April, fruits grow in May-August, and increase in weight and color in September-October.

[0034] The post-fruiting stage refers to November-December. When the fruit is picked, the autumn branches and twigs need to be stopped growing and enriched in time. Fertilizer needs to be applied in time before and after picking, and the fruit needs to be picked in stages to quickly restore the tree. In winter, deep plowing and soil improvement should be done in time to update the root system, and measures should be taken to prevent frost and preserve leaves. For healthy trees, ring peeling, ring cutting, ring binding, and spraying of paclobutrazol should be taken. Early spring should pay attention to fertilizer and water management to effectively ensure the differentiation of flower buds and the smooth progress of flowering and fruiting.

[0035] Due to the influence of climate, altitude and region, the pre-flowering stage, the flower and fruit stage and the post-fruiting stage may be advanced or delayed by half a month.

[0036] It should be noted that the mites and insects directly applied in the flower stage, fruit stage and post-fruit stage are mainly adult mites and adult insects, in order to improve the efficiency of thrips capture;

[0037] And then consider the need for long-term persistence in thrips control during the flower and fruit stage, a reasonable forest ecology needs to be established, that is, during the off-time between picking and spring shoots, part of the nymphs and nymphs are introduced to promote the reproduction of thrips natural enemies, and a reasonable biological chain is established to completely eliminate thrips survival.

[0038] Preferably, the soil-dwelling predatory mites used in the pre-flowering stage and the insects used in the fruit stage are also reproduced in the post-fruit stage and the pre-flowering stage of the next year, and the specific operation is as follows:

[0039] 1) After applying leaf-dwelling predatory mites with bacteria to the aboveground honey pomelo branches and leaves in the post-fruit stage, the soil where the root system of the fruit tree is located is tilled again. The depth of the first tillage is 25-28 cm except for the root system, and attention should be paid to not damaging the root system. In addition to the original grass roots and leaves in the soil, crushed straw is also added during the first tillage, and the amount of crushed straw added is 1 mg / cm 3 of soil; after the first tillage, water is sprayed to keep the ground surface moist, and a mulch film is laid to seal and decompose for 3-4 days until the crushed straw is decomposed and there is a small amount of mold (it should be noted that mold is unavoidable in traditional forest straw, and mold will not cause great harm as the sunlight duration increases during the spring shoot period);

[0040] 2) The mulch film is opened for secondary shallow tillage, and the depth of the secondary shallow tillage is 6-8 cm; during the secondary shallow tillage, add the bacteria and nutrients, and after the secondary shallow tillage, lay a mulch film with needle holes, the diameter of the needle holes is 3-5 mm, the distance between the needle holes is 5-6 cm, and water is sprayed above the mulch film to keep it moist, and cultivate for 20-30 days until the number of Tyrophagus putrescentiae increases by more than 100 times;

[0041] 3) The mulch film is opened for the third shallow tillage, and the depth of the third shallow tillage is 5-6 cm; during the third shallow tillage, the bacteria used in the pre-flowering stage and the soil-dwelling predatory mites are added, and the number of nymphs and adult mites in the soil-dwelling predatory mites is arranged in a ratio of 9:1, and water is sprayed to keep the soil moist; cover the mulch film with pinholes, the diameter of the pinholes is 22-25 mm, the distance between the pinholes is 7-8 cm, and water is sprayed above the mulch film to keep it moist, and cultivate for 10-15 days;

[0042] 4) Before the pre-flowering stage arrives, open the mulch film and add the bacteria and insects used in the fruit stage, and the number of nymphs (or nymphs) and adult insects (or adult mites) in the insects is arranged in a ratio of 9:1, water is sprayed to keep the soil moist, and cultivated for 3-5 days until the adult insects spread their wings and start to climb the tree trunk and branches, to protect the branches and leaves in the pre-flowering stage.

[0043] Further, in 2), the amount of Tyrophagus putrescentiae used is 10,000 / m 2 of soil.

[0044] Further, in 2), the nutrient application amount is 0.3 kg / m 2 The soil is compounded by wheat bran, moldy wheat seeds, dried silkworm chrysalis powder, dry yeast, brown sugar and distilled water according to a weight ratio of 10:2:2:1:2.5:10.

[0045] Further, the distribution of Tyrophagus putrescentiae on the ground, tree trunk, branches and leaves, petals and fruit surface is observed in time when the fungi, mites or insects are applied in the pre-anthesis stage, anthesis and fruit stage and post-fruit stage, and the content of Tyrophagus putrescentiae is controlled to be less than or equal to 10 pieces per cm 2 When the content of Tyrophagus putrescentiae in a certain place is more than 10 pieces per cm 2 , the southern flower bug or the ladybird is put in time to kill Tyrophagus putrescentiae at a fixed point; before the fruit matures, the content of Tyrophagus putrescentiae is 1-10 pieces per cm 2 No treatment is needed, and a small amount of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (0-10 pieces per cm 2 ) is beneficial to omnidirectional predation on the habitat of thrips in each growth stage, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae cannot fly, so there is no need to worry about the string flying and harassment, and the thrips control effect is further improved.

[0046] Further, before the fruit is picked, the southern flower bug or the ladybird is widely put to completely kill Tyrophagus putrescentiae above the ground in the forest, so as to avoid the harassment of Tyrophagus putrescentiae to people and the residue of Tyrophagus putrescentiae with the fruit.

[0047] Preferably, blue sticky boards are placed around the branches and ground of the pomelo to capture thrips larvae or adults, and in high-temperature weather or a closed shed area, dry hot air at 35±2 DEG C is introduced to ventilate, so that the thrips are killed in the high-temperature and low-humidity environment, and the thrips control effect is further improved through physical control.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1. First, the present application can continuously limit the number of thrips in the whole pomelo growth cycle by classifying and treating thrips pupae, nymphs and adults in the pre-anthesis stage, anthesis and post-fruit stage, so as to improve the control effect.

[0050] 2. Secondly, the present application first utilizes the protein-eating characteristic of Tyrophagus putrescentiae to eat thrips pupae in the soil once, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae also has the effect of consuming straw cellulose to improve soil fertility, and then uses soil-dwelling predatory mites to eat thrips pupae in the soil twice; finally, the reproduction process of the insects is used to prey on thrips larvae on the ground and individual thrips adults with wings three times; at the same time, Tyrophagus putrescentiae is also the food of the southern flower bug or the ladybird, forming a complete biological chain, so that thrips are at the bottom of the biological chain, and in addition, the fungi poison thrips, which almost eliminates the generation of thrips.

[0051] 3. Finally supplemented with physical control measures (chemical control may harm the new introduction of biological chain), with the complete biological chain, in the soil, pomelo trunk, branches and leaves and flowers and fruits form all-weather all-round protection measures, and the new introduction of saprophagous Tyrophagus forest distribution density can also be used as a prompt alarm of the living conditions of the thrips, which can remind the planting personnel to handle it at any time, and completely avoid the risk of large-scale thrips disaster. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in a clear and complete manner. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all.

[0053] I. Establishment of thrips biological control technology system:

[0054] A thrips biological control technology system based on the complementarity of bacteria and insects during the flowering and fruiting period of pomelo includes the following arrangements:

[0055] Pre-flowering period: taking the ground (including ground grass) and underground soil (6 cm deep) as the main body, taking thrips pupae control as the target, and taking bacteria and soil-dwelling predatory mites as complementary materials;

[0056] The bacteria used in the pre-flowering period include at least one of Beauveria bassiana, Metarrhizium anisopliae, and Paecilomyces lilacinus;

[0057] The soil-dwelling predatory mites used in the pre-flowering period include any one of N. nataliae and Gahrliepia sp.

[0058] Flowering and fruiting period: taking the pomelo flowers and fruits above the ground as the main body, taking the control of yellow chest thrips and flower thrips adults and nymphs as the target, and taking bacteria and insects as complementary materials;

[0059] The bacteria used in the flowering and fruiting period are a mixture of Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium in a weight ratio of (1:9)-(9:1);

[0060] The insects used in the flowering and fruiting period are a mixture of southern small flower bugs or tortoise shell ladybugs and leaf-dwelling predatory mites in a weight ratio of (1:9)-(9:1);

[0061] The leaf-dwelling predatory mites include any of Anystis anomalus, Neoseiulus californicus, and Proctolipsus sp.

[0062] Post-fruiting period: taking the pomelo branches and leaves above the ground as the main body, taking the control of tea thrips and yellow chest thrips as the target, and taking the leaf-dwelling predatory mites with bacteria as the main agent.

[0063] The bacteria and soil-dwelling predatory mites used in the pre-flowering period are mixed in a weight ratio of (1:3)-(3:1).

[0064] The bacteria and insects used in the flowering and fruiting period are mixed in a weight ratio of 5:(1-2), at which time the bacteria are used to directly kill the thrips on the flowers or fruits, so an excess amount is used.

[0065] Wherein, the bacteria-carrying body of the leaf-inhabiting predatory mite used in the later stage of fruit is prepared and used as follows:

[0066] 1) The predatory mite produced is pure or almost free of any medium, and the predatory mite is a compound of Neoseiulus californicus and Amblyseius swirskii in a weight ratio of (1:9)-(9:1). The produced predatory mite is packaged in a packaging bottle containing dry vermiculite, mixed, and placed in low-temperature refrigeration at 1-5°C for standby use;

[0067] 2) The 150 billion spores / g of Beauveria bassiana powder is poured into the packaging bottle of the predatory mite, immediately tightly covered and mixed, placed in low-temperature refrigeration at 1-5°C, and needs to be mixed and transported to the forest for spraying use within 2h.

[0068] In the implementation process, the ratio of bacteria, mites and insects also needs to be highlighted:

[0069] 1) The mites and insects used directly in the pre-flowering stage, flowering stage and post-fruiting stage are mainly adult mites and adult insects to improve the thrips capture efficiency;

[0070] 2) In actual use, the three kinds of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Paecilomyces lilacinus can be arbitrarily combined, and one of Thalassiosira talitae and Scolothrips takahashii is used. The proportion of one of the bacteria used in the pre-flowering stage and the soil-inhabiting predatory mite should not be less than 25%;

[0071] 3) The combination of Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium dahliae. According to previous research, Verticillium dahliae can promote the toxic effect of Beauveria bassiana on thrips, but the proportion of one of them should not be less than 10%. The proportion of insects used in the flowering stage should not be less than 1 / 6, but should not be too high, which can easily cause mites to fly randomly, thereby causing the introduction of insect enemies (such as birds, carnivorous insects, etc.) and greatly affecting the air environment in the forest (referring to the comfort of people passing through the forest);

[0072] 4) The southern small flower bug and the turtle pattern ladybug are used alternatively, but the proportion of one of them and the leaf-inhabiting predatory mite should follow the weight ratio of (1:9)-(9:1). One way can be referred to. When the thrips density is large in some places in the forest and the density is small in other places, the leaf-inhabiting predatory mite accounts for 60-90% of the mixed bacteria-insect powder in the places where the thrips density is large to improve the killing effect by quantity advantage, and the southern small flower bug or the turtle pattern ladybug accounts for 60-90% of the mixed bacteria-insect powder in the places where the thrips density is large to increase the string flying capture ability of thrips natural enemies;

[0073] 5) The predatory mite: California Neoseiulus and Amblyseius swirskii are combined, but the proportion of one of them should not be less than 10%.

[0074] According to the forest use records in 2021 and 2022, the formula of each bacteria, mite and insect is shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1. The ratio of fungi, mites and insects in the biocontrol technology system of thrips

[0076]

[0077] The ratio in Table 1 is weight ratio. The phytoseiid mites can be composed of any of Anystis bicaudellus, Neoseiulus californicus and Amblyseius strawi.

[0078] II. Improvement of the biocontrol technology system of thrips:

[0079] Example 4:

[0080] On the basis of Example 3, the need for long-term and persistent thrips control during the fruiting and flowering periods is considered, and a reasonable forest ecological system is established, i.e. during the idle time between picking and spring shoots, part of the nymphs and nymphs are introduced to promote the reproduction of thrips natural enemies, so as to establish a reasonable biological chain and completely eliminate the survival of thrips.

[0081] During the post-fruiting period and the pre-flowering period of the next year, the phytoseiid mites used in the pre-flowering period and the insects used in the fruiting period are also reproduced and treated, and the specific operation is as follows:

[0082] 1) After the phytoseiid mites carrying bacteria are applied to the above-ground honey pomelo branches and leaves during the post-fruiting period, the soil where the root system of the fruit tree is located is ploughed once, and the ploughing depth is 25-28 cm except for the root system, and attention should be paid to not damaging the root system; during the first ploughing, in addition to the original grass roots and dead leaves in the soil, crushed straw is also added, and the amount of crushed straw added is 1 mg / cm 3 of soil; after the first ploughing, water is sprayed to keep the ground surface wet, and a mulch film is laid to seal and decompose for 3-4 days, until the crushed straw is decomposed and there is a small amount of mold

[0083] 2) The mulch film is lifted for secondary shallow ploughing, and the secondary shallow ploughing depth is 6-8 cm; during the secondary shallow ploughing, Tyrophagus putrescentiae and nutrients are added, and after the secondary shallow ploughing, a mulch film with needle holes is laid, the needle hole diameter is 3-5 mm, the needle hole spacing is 5-6 cm, water is sprayed above the mulch film to keep it wet, and it is cultured for 20-30 days until the Tyrophagus putrescentiae population increases by more than 100 times;

[0084] 3) The mulch film is lifted for tertiary shallow ploughing, and the tertiary shallow ploughing depth is 5-6 cm; during the tertiary shallow ploughing, the fungi used in the pre-flowering period and the soil-dwelling predatory mites are added, and the nymphs and adult mites in the soil-dwelling predatory mites are matched in the ratio of 9:1, and water is sprayed to keep the soil wet; a mulch film with pinholes is covered, the pinhole diameter is 22-25 mm, the pinhole spacing is 7-8 cm, water is sprayed above the mulch film to keep it wet, and it is cultured for 10-15 days;

[0085] 4) before the coming of pre-anthesis stage, uncover the mulch, put in the fungi and insects for the use of anthesis and fruiting stage, the nymphs and adults of the insects are collocated according to the quantity ratio of 9:1, spray water to keep the soil moist, cultivate for 3-5 days, until the adults spread wings and start to climb the trunk and leaves, to protect the leaves of pre-anthesis stage.

[0086] 2) in which the application amount of Tyrophagus putrescentiae is 10000 pieces / m 2 soil.

[0087] 2) in which the application amount of nutrients is 0.3 kg / m 2 soil, the nutrients are wheat bran, moldy wheat seeds, dried silkworm pupae powder, dry yeast, brown sugar and distilled water, which are compounded according to the weight ratio of 10:2:2:1:2.5:10.

[0088] This embodiment firstly utilizes the characteristic of Tyrophagus putrescentiae that likes to eat protein to prey on the thrips pupae in the soil, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae also has the effect of consuming straw cellulose to improve soil fertility, and then utilizes the soil-dwelling predatory mites to prey on the thrips pupae in the soil for the second time; finally, the reproduction process of the insects is utilized to prey on the thrips larvae on the ground and individual thrips adults with wings for the third time; at the same time, Tyrophagus putrescentiae is also the food of the insects of Scymnus subvillosus or Coleomorus sexpunctata, forming a complete biological chain, so that the thrips are located at the bottom of the biological chain, and in addition, the fungi are toxic to the thrips, which almost eliminates the generation of the thrips.

[0089] Further, when the fungi, mites or insects are applied during the pre-anthesis stage, the anthesis and fruiting stage and the post-fruiting stage, the distribution of Tyrophagus putrescentiae on the ground, the trunk, the leaves, the petals and the surface of the fruits needs to be observed in time, and the content of Tyrophagus putrescentiae needs to be controlled to be ≤10 pieces / cm 2 When the content of Tyrophagus putrescentiae in a certain place exceeds 10 pieces / cm 2 , Scymnus subvillosus or Coleomorus sexpunctata is put in time to kill Tyrophagus putrescentiae at the fixed point; before the fruits mature, the content of Tyrophagus putrescentiae is 1-10 pieces / cm 2 , and no treatment is needed, that is, a small amount of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (0-10 pieces / cm 2 ) is beneficial to omnidirectional predation on the habitats of thrips at each growth stage, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae cannot fly, so there is no need to worry about the string flying and harassment, which further improves the thrips control effect.

[0090] Further, before the fruits are picked, Scymnus subvillosus or Coleomorus sexpunctata needs to be put in a large range to completely kill Tyrophagus putrescentiae above the ground in the forest, so as to avoid the harassment of Tyrophagus putrescentiae to people and the residues of Tyrophagus putrescentiae with the fruits.

[0091] Three, the combination of thrips biological control and physical control:

[0092] Example 5:

[0093] On the basis of embodiment 4, blue sticky boards are placed around the branches and ground of grapefruits for catching thrips larvae or adults, in high-temperature weather or closed sheds, dry hot air at 35±2℃ is introduced for ventilation, and the thrips are killed in high-temperature and low-humidity environment, so that the thrips control effect is further improved by physical control.

[0094] IV. Thrips control effect:

[0095] Comparative example 2:

[0096] In the forest, 100m 2 areas are marked out without any control measures, as blank tests.

[0097] In the areas of comparative examples 1-2 and embodiments 1-5, sticky boards are arranged, the number of sticky boards is 1 / 0.25m 2 , the density of thrips adults (unit: pieces / m 2 ) in the flower and fruit stage of each area is investigated, and the number of thrips adults of all sticky boards in the area is recorded every 3 days, and then divided by the area, which is the thrips adult density obtained by investigation.

[0098] The control effect of each area is shown in Table 2.

[0099] Table 2. Thrips adult density investigation table of thrips biocontrol technology system

[0100] April May June July August September October November Example 1 3.54 2.68 5.68 7.51 4.32 2.63 1.38 1.97 Example 2 3.59 2.75 5.41 7.02 4.67 2.89 1.52 2.34 Example 3 3.86 2.22 5.10 6.78 3.87 2.12 1.07 1.75 Example 4 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 1.86 Example 5 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 ＜1 1.21 Comparative Example 1 46.1 43.2 59.7 81.6 55.5 43.2 39.3 25.6 Comparative Example 2 526.5 774.1 845.6 1032.1 814.5 648.7 557.4 231.5

[0101] As shown in Table 2, simply releasing natural enemies (predatory mites and other insects) has a certain thrips killing ability (comparative example 1 and comparative example 2), and through the complementary mode of bacteria and insects (embodiments 1-3 and comparative example 1), the thrips content per square meter can be controlled in single digits for a long time, and after introducing the intermediate link of cheese mites in the biological chain, that is, thrips→cheese mites→southern small flower bugs or tortoise pattern ladybugs, thrips→predatory mites, thrips killed by bacteria, and thrips killed by physical methods, the survival conditions of thrips are aggravated, and thrips are almost extinct in the long flower and fruit stage.

[0102] Moreover, the present application firstly utilizes the characteristic of cheese mites that they like to eat protein to eat thrips pupae in the soil once, and the cheese mites also consume straw cellulose to improve soil fertility, and then utilizes soil-dwelling predatory mites to eat thrips pupae in the soil twice; finally, the reproduction process of insects is utilized to prey on thrips larvae and individual thrips adults on the ground three times; at the same time, cheese mites are also the food of southern small flower bugs or tortoise pattern ladybugs, forming a complete biological chain, so that thrips are located at the bottom of the biological chain, and in addition, the toxicity of bacteria to thrips almost eliminates the generation of thrips.

[0103] The above merely describes preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present application, makes equivalent replacement or change within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bacteria-insect complementary-based technology system for controlling thrips during the fruiting stage of honey pomelo, characterized in that, The application relates to a method for controlling thrips in a citrus orchard. The flower-pre-stage mainly uses the ground and underground soil, controls the thrips pupae, uses the fungi and the soil-dwelling predatory mites as complementary materials, and controls the thrips; The fungi used in the flower-pre-stage include at least one of the Beauveria bassiana, the Metarhizium anisopliae and the Paecilomyces lilacinus; The soil-dwelling predatory mites used in the flower-pre-stage include any one of the N. nataliae and the Gahrliepia sp. The flower-fruit stage mainly uses the ground and underground soil, controls the thrips, uses the fungi and the soil-dwelling predatory mites as complementary materials, and controls the thrips; The fungi used in the flower-fruit stage are the Beauveria bassiana and the Verticillium theobromae which are compounded in a weight ratio of 1:9 to 9:

1. The insects used in the flower-fruit stage are the Olla v-nigrum and the Hippodamia variegata which are compounded in a weight ratio of 1:9 to 9:

1. The leaf-dwelling predatory mites include any one of the Amblyseius androformis, the Neoseiulus californicus and the Amblyseius swirskii. The fruit-post-stage mainly uses the ground and underground soil, controls the thrips, uses the fungi and the soil-dwelling predatory mites as complementary materials, and controls the thrips; In the fruit-post-stage and the flower-pre-stage of the next year, the soil-dwelling predatory mites used in the flower-pre-stage and the insects used in the flower-fruit stage are bred and treated, and the specific operation is as follows: 1) After the application of the bacteria-carrying bodies of the phytoseiid mites to the branches and leaves of the post-fruiting honey pomelo trees, the soil where the root systems of the trees are located is tilled once again. The tilling depth is 25-28 cm except for the root systems, and attention should be paid to not damaging the root systems. In addition to the original grass roots and dead leaves in the soil, crushed straw is also added during the tilling, and the amount of the crushed straw added is 1 mg / cm 3 After the tilling, water is sprayed to keep the ground surface wet, and a mulching film is laid to seal and decompose for 3-4 days until the crushed straw is rotten and slightly moldy. 2) The film is opened to carry out secondary shallow ploughing, the depth of the secondary shallow ploughing is 6-8 cm; the Tenebrio molitor and the nutrient are added during the secondary shallow ploughing, the film with pinholes is laid after the secondary shallow ploughing, the diameter of the pinholes is 3-5 mm, the distance between the pinholes is 5-6 cm, water is sprayed above the film to keep it wet, and the Tenebrio molitor is bred for 20-30 days until the Tenebrio molitor is multiplied by more than 100 times; 3) The film is opened to carry out tertiary shallow ploughing, the depth of the tertiary shallow ploughing is 5-6 cm; the fungi used in the flower-pre-stage and the soil-dwelling predatory mites are added during the tertiary shallow ploughing, the number ratio of the nymphs to the adult mites in the soil-dwelling predatory mites is 9:1, water is sprayed until the soil is wet; the film with pinholes is covered, the diameter of the pinholes is 22-25 mm, the distance between the pinholes is 7-8 cm, water is sprayed above the film to keep it wet, and the Tenebrio molitor is bred for 10-15 days; 4) Before the flower-pre-stage comes, the film is opened, the fungi used in the flower-fruit stage and the insects are put in, the number ratio of the nymphs to the adult mites in the insects is 9:1, water is sprayed to keep the soil wet, and the Tenebrio molitor is bred for 3-5 days until the adult mites fly and climb on the tree trunks and branches and leaves to protect the branches and leaves in the flower-pre-stage; When the fungi, mites or insects are applied at the flower stage, fruit stage and post-fruit stage, the distribution of Tyrophagus putrescentiae on the ground, tree trunk, branches and leaves, petals and fruit surface should be observed in time, and the content of Tyrophagus putrescentiae should be controlled to be less than or equal to 10 pieces per cm 2 When the content of Tyrophagus putrescentiae exceeds 10 pieces per cm 2 , the southern small flower bug or the turtle pattern ladybug should be put in time to kill Tyrophagus putrescentiae at the fixed point; before the fruit matures, the content of Tyrophagus putrescentiae is 1-10 pieces per cm 2 No treatment, a small amount of Tyrophagus putrescentiae is beneficial to omnidirectional predation on the habitat of each growth stage of the thrips, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae cannot fly, so there is no need to worry about the string flying and the disturbance, which further improves the thrips control effect; Before the fruits are picked, the Olla v-nigrum or the Hippodamia variegata needs to be widely put to completely eliminate the Tenebrio molitor above the ground in the forest to avoid the Tenebrio molitor attacking people and remaining in the fruits.

2. The bacteria-insect complementary-based technical system for preventing and controlling the flower and fruit stage of honey pomelo thrips according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fungi and the soil-dwelling predatory mites used in the flower-pre-stage are compounded in a weight ratio of 1:3 to 3:

1.

3. The bacteria-insect complementary technology system for preventing and controlling the flower thrips of honey pomelo according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fungi and the insects used in the flower-fruit stage are compounded in a weight ratio of 5:1-2, at this time, the fungi are used to directly kill the thrips on the flowers or fruits, so the fungi are used in excess.

4. The bacteria-insect complementary-based technical system for preventing and controlling the flower and fruit stage of honey pomelo thrips according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation and use process of the leaf-dwelling predatory mites with the fungi used in the fruit-post-stage is as follows: 1) The pure or almost pure predatory mites are bred, the predatory mites are the Neoseiulus californicus and the Amblyseius swirskii compounded in a weight ratio of 1:9 to 9:1, the bred predatory mites are packed in the packaging bottles containing dry vermiculite, mixed, and placed in low-temperature cold storage at 1-5 DEG C for later use; 2) 150 billion spores / g of Beauveria bassiana powder is put into the packaging bottle of predatory mites, immediately cover tightly and mix evenly, and placed in low temperature refrigeration between 1-5℃, and need to be transported to the forest for spraying within 2h after mixing.

5. The bacteria-insect complementary-based technical system for preventing and controlling the flower and fruit stage of honey pomelo thrips according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the 2), the Tyrophagus putrescentiae application amount is 10,000 per m 2 Soil.

6. The bacteria-insect complementary-based technical system for preventing and controlling the flower and fruit stage of honey pomelo thrips according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient application amount in the 2) is 0.3 kg / m 2 The soil, the nutrients are wheat bran, moldy wheat seeds, dried silkworm chrysalis powder, dry yeast, brown sugar and distilled water, compounded according to the weight ratio of 10:2:2:1:2.5:

10.

7. The bacteria-insect complementary-based technical system for preventing and controlling the flower and fruit stage of honey pomelo thrips according to claim 1, characterized in that, Blue sticky boards are placed around the branches and ground surface of pomelos to capture thrips larvae or adults. In high-temperature weather or closed greenhouse, dry hot air at 35±2℃ is introduced for ventilation to kill thrips in high-temperature and low-humidity environment. Physical control is further used to improve the control effect of thrips.

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