Electrospinning jet spinneret and electrospinning machine

Abstract

The application provides an electrostatic spinning jet nozzle and an electrospinning machine. The electrostatic spinning jet nozzle comprises a needle structure and a metal wrapping body. The needle structure comprises a needle handle and a needle body, and the needle body is connected with the needle handle. The metal wrapping body surrounds the outside of at least part of the needle body, and at least part of the metal wrapping body is connected with the needle body. Based on the needle body part in the needle structure, the metal wrapping body and the setting mode of the metal wrapping body surrounding at least part of the needle body are adopted, so that the purpose of significantly optimizing the electric field distribution and the needle body spinning jet condition is achieved, and the high-quality fiber product is obtained by stabilizing the driven spinning jet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of fiber manufacturing technology, and more specifically, relates to an electrostatic spinning jet spinneret and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Electrospinning is a special fiber manufacturing process. Its principle is that a polymer solution or melt is jet-spun in a strong electric field. Under the action of the electric field, the droplet at the needle tip is stretched into a cone shape, also known as a "Taylor cone". From the tip of the "Taylor cone" a fine jet is formed to produce polymer filaments with diameters of nanometers and above. After the polymer filaments solidify, the final fiber product is obtained.

[0003] Electrospinning typically suffers from jet instability, leading to product defects such as uneven nanofilm thickness and blemishes on the nanofiber membrane. Existing methods directly stabilize the electrospinning jet by adjusting the applied voltage to change the electric field. However, due to the narrow adjustable voltage range, even slight voltage changes can cause significant fluctuations in the spinning jet, affecting fiber uniformity and product quality. Furthermore, increasing the voltage to enhance the electric field is costly and poses potential safety hazards. In existing technologies, metal needles are commonly used as spinnerets in electrospinning, and alligator clips are typically used to connect the high voltage to the metal needles. However, this rough connection results in an irregular electric field distribution, which is also a major factor contributing to jet instability.

[0004] As mentioned above, the instability of the spinning jet makes it difficult to control the deposition location and area of ​​the fibers, resulting in uneven fiber film thickness and defects. Furthermore, the jet instability also makes it difficult to precisely control the size and shape of the spun products, hindering mass production and large-scale manufacturing of the fiber products. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an electrospinning jet spinneret to solve the technical problem in the prior art where the jetting flow of the spinneret used for electrospinning is unstable, resulting in poor fiber product quality and the inability to mass-produce and scale up production.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0007] An electrospinning jet spinneret is provided, comprising a needle structure and a metal encapsulation body;

[0008] The needle structure includes a needle handle and a needle body, wherein the needle body and the needle handle are connected;

[0009] The metal encapsulation surrounds at least a portion of the needle body on the outside, and at least a portion of the metal encapsulation is in contact with the needle body.

[0010] In one embodiment, the metal encapsulation extends in size along the length of the needle body;

[0011] Alternatively, the metal encapsulation may extend in size along the radial direction of the needle body.

[0012] In one embodiment, the metal enclosure is a thin-walled enclosure structure with an extended area;

[0013] Alternatively, the metal enclosure may be a wound-type enclosure structure with an extended length.

[0014] In one embodiment, along the length of the needle body, the cross-sectional profile of the metal package remains unchanged while the profile area is gradually varied.

[0015] Alternatively, along the length of the needle body, the cross-sectional shape and area of ​​the metal package remain unchanged.

[0016] In one embodiment, the metal encapsulation has a conical cylindrical structure, with the large end of the metal encapsulation sleeved on the needle handle, and the tip of the metal encapsulation sleeved on the tip of the needle body, and the tip of the metal encapsulation contacting and connecting with the tip of the needle body.

[0017] Alternatively, the metal package may have a straight cylindrical structure, with one end of the metal package fitted onto the needle handle and the other end of the metal package sealed. This other end is fitted onto the tip of the needle and is in contact with the tip of the needle.

[0018] In one embodiment, the metal encapsulation is a thin sheet structure, the needle penetrates the center of the metal encapsulation, and the metal encapsulation is located at any position along the length of the needle.

[0019] In one embodiment, the metal encapsulation is a linear structure, with one end of the metal encapsulation connected to the needle body, and the other end of the metal encapsulation spirally arranged around the outside of the needle body along the length direction of the needle body, and the metal encapsulation gradually moves away from the needle body from one end to the other end.

[0020] In one embodiment, the metal encapsulation is a linear structure, with a portion of the metal encapsulation attached to the needle body and another portion of the metal encapsulation spaced around the outside of the needle body.

[0021] In one embodiment, the needle structure is a plastic-coated screw-in needle;

[0022] The metal inclusion is a metal product or a metal wire product.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the electrostatic spinning jet spinneret provided in this application are as follows:

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the electrostatic spinning jet spinneret provided in this application has a metal encapsulation surrounding at least a portion of the needle body, and at least a portion of the metal encapsulation is in contact with the needle body. Based on the needle body portion of the needle head structure, the use of the metal encapsulation and the arrangement of the metal encapsulation surrounding at least a portion of the needle body significantly optimizes the electric field distribution and the spinning jet condition of the needle body, thereby stabilizing the driving of the spinning jet to obtain high-quality fiber products.

[0025] Specifically, the bare needles used in existing technologies are prone to ejecting droplets and exhibiting severe jet turbulence during the spinning process. The reason for this is that the potential gradient in the electric field surrounding the bare needle is concentrated at its tip. From the needle tip towards the collector, the potential near the needle tip exhibits an extremely high rate of change along the normal direction, meaning the potential gradient changes drastically. Before reaching the collector, the driving force of the spinning jet based on the potential gradient has already ceased, thus preventing the spinning jet from stably passing through the space between the needle tip and the collector.

[0026] The electrospinning jet spinneret provided in this application employs a metal encapsulation and a configuration where the metal encapsulation surrounds at least a portion of the needle body. The metal encapsulation, acting as a conductive intermediate conductor, helps optimize the electric field distribution near the needle body. This effectively optimizes the electric field near the needle body, allowing for a smoother and more continuous distribution and continuation of the potential gradient from the needle tip towards the collector, until reaching the collector. Therefore, driven by this smoothly distributed potential gradient, the spinning jet is stably driven from the needle tip to the collector. During electrospinning, the jet exhibits excellent stability, allowing the system to precisely control the fiber deposition location and area, thus obtaining a fiber film of uniform thickness. Furthermore, the system can precisely control the size and shape of the spun product, enabling mass production and large-scale manufacturing of fiber products.

[0027] Another object of this application is to provide an electrospinning machine, which includes the electrostatic spinning jet spinneret as described above.

[0028] The advantages of the electrospinning machine provided in this application compared to the prior art are the same as the advantages of the electrostatic spinning jet spinneret provided in this application compared to the prior art, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an electrospinning jet spinneret provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an electrospinning jet spinneret provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an electrospinning jet spinneret provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 The electric field simulation results obtained by placing an existing bare needle in a simulated scenario;

[0034] Figure 5 To be Figure 1 The electric field simulation results obtained when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scene are shown.

[0035] Figure 6 To be Figure 2 The electric field simulation results obtained when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scene are shown.

[0036] Figure 7 To be Figure 3 The results shown are the electric field simulation results obtained when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scene.

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an electrospinning jet spinneret provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an electrospinning jet spinneret provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an electrospinning jet spinneret provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of an electrospinning jet spinneret provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 12 To be Figure 8 The electric field simulation results obtained when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scene are shown.

[0042] Figure 13 To be Figure 9 The electric field simulation results obtained when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scene are shown.

[0043] Figure 14 To be Figure 10 The electric field simulation results are shown when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scene.

[0044] Figure 15 To be Figure 11 The electric field simulation results are shown when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scene.

[0045] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of an electrospinning jet spinneret provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of an electrospinning jet spinneret provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 18 To be Figure 17 The electric field simulation results are shown when the small-diameter spinneret is placed near the needle shank.

[0048] Figure 19 To be Figure 17 The electric field simulation results are shown when the large-diameter spinneret is placed near the needle shank.

[0049] Figure 20 To be Figure 17 The electric field simulation results are shown when the small-diameter spinneret is placed near the tip of the needle.

[0050] Figure 21 To be Figure 17 The electric field simulation results are shown when the large-diameter spinneret is placed near the tip of the needle.

[0051] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0052] 100. Needle structure; 200. Metal encapsulation;

[0053] 101. Needle body; 102. Needle handle. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0055] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0056] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0057] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] The electrospinning jet spinneret and electrospinning machine provided in the embodiments of this application will now be described.

[0059] Please see Figures 1 to 21 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the electrospinning jet spinneret includes a needle structure 100 and a metal encapsulation 200. The needle structure 100 includes a needle shank 102 and a needle body 101, with the needle body 101 and needle shank 102 connected. The metal encapsulation 200 surrounds at least a portion of the needle body 101 on the outside, and at least a portion of the metal encapsulation 200 is in contact with the needle body 101.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the electrostatic spinning jet spinneret provided in this application embodiment has a metal encapsulation 200 surrounding at least a portion of the needle body 101, and at least a portion of the metal encapsulation 200 is in contact with the needle body 101. Based on the needle body 101 portion in the needle structure 100, the metal encapsulation 200 and the arrangement of the metal encapsulation 200 surrounding at least a portion of the needle body 101 achieve the purpose of significantly optimizing the electric field distribution and significantly optimizing the spinning jet condition of the needle body 101, thereby stabilizing the driving of the spinning jet to obtain high-quality fiber products.

[0061] Specifically, the bare needles used in existing technologies are prone to ejecting droplets and exhibiting severe jet turbulence during the spinning process. The reason for this is that the potential gradient in the electric field surrounding the bare needle is concentrated at its tip. From the needle tip towards the collector, the potential near the needle tip exhibits an extremely high rate of change along the normal direction, meaning the potential gradient changes drastically. Before reaching the collector, the driving force of the spinning jet based on the potential gradient has already ceased, thus preventing the spinning jet from stably passing through the space between the needle tip and the collector.

[0062] The electrospinning jet spinneret provided in this embodiment employs a metal encapsulation 200 and a configuration where the metal encapsulation 200 surrounds at least a portion of the needle 101. The metal encapsulation 200, acting as a conductive intermediate conductor, optimizes the electric field near the needle 101. This effectively optimizes the electric field near the needle 101, allowing for a smoother distribution and continuation of the potential gradient from the tip of the needle 101 towards the collector, until it reaches the collector. Therefore, driven by this smoothly distributed potential gradient, the spinning jet is stably driven from the tip of the needle 101 to the collector. During electrospinning, the whipping motion of the jet exhibits excellent stability, allowing the system to precisely control the deposition position and area of ​​the fibers, thus obtaining a fiber film of uniform thickness. Furthermore, it allows the system to precisely control the size and shape of the spun product, enabling mass production and large-scale manufacturing of fiber products.

[0063] In addition, it should be noted that, in one aspect, the electrospinning jet spinneret provided in this application embodiment, wherein the metal encapsulation 200, while possessing the aforementioned effects, can also rapidly enhance the electric field. When the needle structure 100 surrounding the metal encapsulation 200 is placed in the electrospinning electric field, due to the presence of the metal encapsulation 200, the electric field can be rapidly enhanced and quickly reach the aforementioned stable state, thereby enabling the spinning jet to reach a stable state, improving the quality of fiber products while also increasing the production efficiency of fiber products.

[0064] On the other hand, the metal foil 200 can be a metal foil with a certain degree of flexibility, that is, an extremely thin metal sheet or strip. Metal foil is a very thin metal sheet, generally manufactured by forging or rolling, and has good ductility. Most metals and their alloys can be made into foils, such as gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminum, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, titanium, as well as steel and stainless steel, nickel-based and cobalt-based alloys, etc.

[0065] The metal inclusion 200 is preferably made of aluminum foil, copper foil, or tin foil, with aluminum foil being the most preferred material. The metal inclusion 200 can be folded into any shape or structure according to specific needs, adapting it to the specific requirements of the electrospinning jet on-site. In this embodiment, the metal inclusion 200 is preferably a regular structure; however, in cases where there are specific requirements for the distribution of the electric field, the metal inclusion 200 can be manufactured as an irregular structure.

[0066] For example, the metal casing 200 can be a solid conical structure with a central perforation, through which the needle 101 passes and contacts at least one point on the inner wall of the central perforation. Alternatively, the conical structure can be a hollow conical cylinder structure, surrounding the outside of the needle 101, with the tip of the cylinder fitting onto any position of the needle 101, preferably at the end of the needle 101. Both the solid conical structure and the hollow conical cylinder structure can be formed manually or with tools. Alternatively, the metal casing 200 can even be a single thin sheet structure. The orientation of the conical structure and the needle 101 can have two matching methods: the root of the conical structure is close to the needle shank 102, and its tip is close to the tip of the needle 101; or the root of the conical structure is close to the tip of the needle 101, and its tip is close to the needle shank 102.

[0067] In this embodiment, for other regular or irregular structures of metal enclosure 200, such as trapezoidal or square structures, similar to the conical structure described above, it can be folded into a solid structure or a hollow structure, such as a cylindrical structure. The way it is matched with the needle body 101 is also selected according to specific needs.

[0068] In other embodiments, the metal enclosure 200 can also be a structure with a certain shape and thickness that is integrally molded, such as a conical structure, trapezoidal structure, or square structure that is integrally molded. It is preferred to be a regular structure. When there is a special requirement for the distribution of the electric field, the metal enclosure 200 can be manufactured as an irregular structure.

[0069] The cone can be a solid cone structure with a central perforation, with the needle body 101 passing through the central perforation and contacting at least one point on the inner wall of the central perforation. Alternatively, the cone can be a hollow conical cylinder structure, surrounding the outside of the needle body 101, with the tip of the cylinder fitted onto any position of the needle body 101, preferably at the end of the needle body 101. The orientation of the cone and the needle body 101 can be matched in two ways: the root of the cone is close to the needle handle 102, and its tip is close to the tip of the needle body 101; or the root of the cone is close to the tip of the needle body 101, and its tip is close to the needle handle 102.

[0070] In this embodiment, for other regular or irregular metal encapsulation bodies 200, similar to the conical structure described above, they can be solid or hollow, and their matching method with the needle body 101 is also specifically selected according to specific needs.

[0071] Of course, in another embodiment, the metal encapsulation 200 can also be a structure composed of two or more integral products connected together, which also has the function of stabilizing the jet as described in the embodiments of this application. The stability of its force depends on the specific parameters of the field equipment and the required product.

[0072] In addition to the solid or hollow structures mentioned above, that is, structures with a certain extended area, in another embodiment, the metal enclosure 200 can also be made of wound metal wires, and the specific winding method can be set according to the specific jet parameter requirements.

[0073] In summary, the composition, shape, or structure of the metal encapsulation 200 is optional and can be adapted to specific spinning jet parameters, achieving different adaptation effects. Therefore, from another perspective, the electrostatic spinning jet spinneret provided in this embodiment, by encapsulating different metal encapsulations 200 on the needle body 101, enables the spinneret to adapt to different jet parameters, and its high adaptability allows the spinneret to be used for fiber products with any requirements.

[0074] The following description further illustrates the preferred features of the metal inclusion 200 and, in conjunction with comparative data diagrams, the spinneret provided in the embodiments of this application and its advantages in use.

[0075] In one embodiment, the metal wrapping 200 extends in size along the length of the needle body 101.

[0076] In one specific embodiment, the metal wrapping 200 extends along the length of the needle body 101, and this extension is along the entire outer periphery of the needle body 101 in the length direction, extending from one end of the needle body 101 to the other. Along the warp direction of the needle body 101, the metal wrapping 200 has a slight thickness or a relatively thick thickness. This specific embodiment does not describe the radial dimension of the metal wrapping 200 along the needle body 101; its thickness is optional, and in this specific embodiment, a thickness similar to that of metal foil is preferred. The inner wall or edge of the metal wrapping 200 can be in point contact, line contact, or surface contact with the needle body 101. Preferably, a folded metal foil is used for the metal wrapping 200 provided in this embodiment, which allows for convenient fabrication of the metal wrapping 200 according to the application scenario.

[0077] In a more specific embodiment, the metal enclosure 200 is a thin-walled enclosure structure with an extended area. In this specific embodiment, the thin-walled enclosure structure is preferably a thin-walled enclosure structure formed by folding sheet-like metal sheets, preferably metal foil, or preferably a thin-walled enclosure structure integrally molded. Furthermore, the metal enclosure 200 provided in this specific embodiment is preferably a regular structure, such as a symmetrical three-dimensional thin-walled structure with features like a conical cylinder, cylindrical cylinder, three-dimensional square, three-dimensional rectangle, three-dimensional trapezoid, or three-dimensional hemisphere.

[0078] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this specific embodiment provides three thin-walled wrapping structures with an extended area along the length direction of the needle body 101. Among them, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The image shows a metal enclosure 200 with a conical cylindrical structure. Figure 3 The image shows a three-dimensional rectangular metal enclosure 200. Among them, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The metal inclusion 200 shown differs in that the inclination of the conical cylinder wall varies. Figure 1 The metal enclosure 200 shown has a cone-shaped base diameter to cone height ratio of less than 1, while Figure 2 The metal enclosure 200 shown has a cone-shaped base diameter to cone height ratio greater than 1.

[0079] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, based on existing bare needle solutions and the corresponding embodiments described above... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The spinneret shown is subjected to electric field simulation using a finite element model, and the simulation results are presented. Specifically, Figure 4 The electric field simulation results are obtained by placing a bare needle with a diameter of 0.73 mm in the simulated scene. Figure 5 To be Figure 1 The electric field simulation results shown are obtained by placing the spinneret in a simulated scenario. Figure 6 To be Figure 2 The electric field simulation results shown are obtained by placing the spinneret in a simulated scenario. Figure 7 To be Figure 3 The electric field simulation results are shown when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scenario. Among them, in Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The needle structure 100 in the spinneret is selected as a plastic steel screw needle.

[0080] Through the Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Analysis and comparison reveal that, for existing bare needle designs, electric field simulations show the potential gradient is concentrated near the needle tip. Because this gradient is too concentrated, the concentrated area is too small to stably drive the spinning jet through the space between the tip and the collector. In contrast, using... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The specially designed spinneret shown significantly improves the electric field distribution at the spinneret location, resulting in a smoother potential gradient distribution, which is more conducive to stably driving the spinning jet through the space between the tip and the collector.

[0081] In a more specific embodiment, along the length of the needle body 101, the cross-sectional outline shape of the metal enclosure 200 remains unchanged while the outline area is gradually varied. For example, it can be a conical cylinder structure, where each cross-section of the conical cylinder is circular, and the outline area of ​​each cross-section gradually changes along the length of the conical cylinder. Of course, the metal enclosure 200 can also be a pyramidal cylinder structure, such as a triangular pyramid or a square pyramid. For example, a three-dimensional trapezoidal cylinder structure, where each cross-section of the three-dimensional trapezoidal cylinder is rectangular, and the outline area of ​​each cross-section gradually changes along the height of the three-dimensional trapezoidal cylinder.

[0082] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the metal wrapping body 200 has a conical cylindrical structure. The large end of the metal wrapping body 200 is sleeved on the needle handle 102, and the tip of the metal wrapping body 200 is sleeved on the tip of the needle body 101, and the tip of the metal wrapping body 200 is in contact with the tip of the needle body 101.

[0083] In one specific embodiment, the cross-sectional shape and area of ​​the metal enclosure 200 remain unchanged along the length of the needle body 101. For example, it can be a cylindrical structure, a three-dimensional square structure, or a three-dimensional rectangular structure. Each cross-section of the cylindrical body is circular, and the area of ​​each cross-section remains constant along the length of the cylindrical body. Alternatively, the metal enclosure 200 can also be a multi-sided cylindrical structure, such as a cylindrical structure with four or three sides.

[0084] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the metal wrapping body 200 has a straight cylindrical structure. One end of the metal wrapping body 200 is sleeved on the needle handle 102, and the other end of the metal wrapping body 200 is sealed. The other end is sleeved on the tip of the needle body 101 and is in contact with the tip of the needle body 101.

[0085] In one specific embodiment, the metal wrapping 200 extends along the length of the needle body 101, and this extension is spirally extended along the length of the needle body 101 from one end to the other. Along the warp direction of the needle body 101, the metal wrapping 200 has a slight thickness or a relatively thick thickness. This specific embodiment does not describe the radial dimension of the metal wrapping 200 along the needle body 101; its thickness is optional. Preferably, the metal wrapping 200 is a wound-type wrapping structure with an extended length. The inner side or edge of the metal wrapping 200 can be in point contact, line contact, or surface contact with the needle body 101. Preferably, the metal wrapping 200 provided in this specific embodiment is made by spirally winding metal wire, which can be conveniently manufactured according to the application scenario. Of course, other non-spiral winding methods can also be used. The metal wire is preferably copper wire.

[0086] In this specific embodiment, the winding type wrapping structure is preferably a wrapping structure with a spiral structure made of wire-like metal. The wire-like metal is preferably a metal wire with a circular cross-section, or a metal wire in the form of a thin sheet and extending to a certain length. In addition, the metal wrapping body 200 provided in this specific embodiment is preferably a regular structure, such as a symmetrical three-dimensional spiral structure such as a cone, column, three-dimensional square, three-dimensional rectangle, three-dimensional trapezoid, or three-dimensional hemisphere made of metal wire.

[0087] like Figures 8 to 11 As shown, this specific embodiment provides four types of spiral-extended wrapping structures along the length of the needle body 101. One end of the metal wrapping body 200 is connected to the needle body 101, and the other end of the metal wrapping body 200 is spirally arranged around the outside of the needle body 101 along the length of the needle body 101, and the metal wrapping body 200 gradually moves away from the needle body 101 from one end to the other.

[0088] in, Figure 8 and Figure 9 The diagram shows a conical metal wrapping 200 that extends spirally along the length of the outer periphery of the needle body 101. The large end of the metal wrapping 200 is fitted near the needle handle 102, and the tip of the metal wrapping 200 is fitted onto the tip of the needle body 101, with the tip of the metal wrapping 200 contacting and connecting to the tip of the needle body 101. Figure 10 and Figure 11The diagram shows a conical metal enclosure 200 extending spirally along the length of the outer periphery of the needle body 101. The tip of the metal enclosure 200 is fitted onto the needle body 101 near the needle shank 102, and the tip of the metal enclosure 200 is in contact with the needle body 101. The larger end of the metal enclosure 200 is spaced out and fitted onto the tip region of the needle body 101. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The metal inclusion 200 shown differs in that the inclination of the conical cylinder varies. Figure 8 The metal enclosure 200 shown has a cone-shaped base diameter to cone height ratio of less than 1, while Figure 9 The metal enclosure 200 shown has a cone-shaped base diameter to cone height ratio greater than 1. Among these, Figure 10 and Figure 11 The metal inclusion 200 shown differs in that the inclination of the conical cylinder varies. Figure 10 The metal enclosure 200 shown has a cone-shaped base diameter to cone height ratio of less than 1, while Figure 11 The metal enclosure 200 shown has a cone-shaped base diameter to cone height ratio greater than 1.

[0089] To analyze the special effect of the metal inclusion 200 on the optimized electric field, this embodiment also simulates the potential gradient distribution of the electric field at the needle structure 100 when the spiral copper wire surrounds the needle structure 100. Specifically, as follows... Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, in conjunction with the specific embodiments described above... Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The spinneret shown is subjected to electric field simulation using a finite element model, and the simulation results are presented. Figure 12 To be Figure 8 The electric field simulation results shown are obtained by placing the spinneret in a simulated scenario. Figure 13 To be Figure 9 The electric field simulation results shown are obtained by placing the spinneret in a simulated scenario. Figure 14 To be Figure 10 The electric field simulation results shown are obtained when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scenario. Figure 15 To be Figure 11 The electric field simulation results are shown when the spinneret is placed in a simulated scene.

[0090] Through the Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15Analysis and comparison show that when the orientation of the metal inclusion 200 relative to the needle 101 changes, the electric field distribution around the needle 101 does not change significantly. Moreover, as the ring radius increases, the electric field around the needle 101 becomes stronger, and the potential gradient becomes gentler, which is more conducive to stably driving the spinning jet through the space between the tip and the collector.

[0091] In a more specific embodiment, along the length of the needle body 101, the cross-sectional profile of the metal package 200 remains unchanged while the profile area is gradually varied. For example, in a conical wound metal package 200, each cross-section of the cone approaches a circle, and along the length of the conical cylinder, the profile area of ​​each cross-section gradually changes. Specifically, as shown... Figures 8 to 11 As shown, the metal inclusion 200 is cone-shaped.

[0092] In one specific embodiment, the cross-sectional shape and area of ​​the metal wrapping 200 remain unchanged along the length of the needle body 101. For example, in a cylindrical wound metal wrapping 200, each cross-section of the cylinder is approximately circular, and the area of ​​each cross-section remains constant along the length of the cylindrical tube. Of course, the wound metal wrapping 200 can also be made of metal wire with zigzag segments, and is not limited to metal wrapping 200 made of smooth metal wire.

[0093] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 16 As shown, the metal wrapping body 200 has a linear structure. A portion of the metal wrapping body 200 is attached to the needle body 101, while another portion of the metal wrapping body 200 is spaced out and arranged around the outside of the needle body 101. The lengths occupied by the two portions of the metal wrapping body 200 can be set according to actual needs, and its mating direction with the needle body 101 can be adjusted.

[0094] In one embodiment, the metal encapsulation 200 extends in size along the radial direction of the needle body 101.

[0095] In one specific embodiment, the metal wrapping 200 extends along the radial direction of the needle body 101, possessing a radial dimension, a length dimension, or a spiral dimension. Extending with a radial dimension means extending a certain area from the inside out along the radial direction of the needle body 101. This extension gives the metal wrapping 200 a radial dimension, such as a complete circular surface, an elliptical surface, or a polygonal surface. Under special requirements, it can also be a fan-shaped surface at any angle. Along the length direction of the needle body 101, the metal wrapping 200 has a slight thickness dimension, or a relatively thick thickness dimension, which occupies at least a portion of the length of the needle body 101. This specific embodiment does not describe the dimension of the metal wrapping 200 along the length of the needle body 101; its thickness dimension is optional. In this specific embodiment, a thickness similar to that of metal foil is preferred. The central hole of the metal wrapping 200 can have point contact, line contact, or surface contact with the needle body 101. The metal foil is preferably used to extend the metal package 200 provided in this embodiment, and the metal package 200 can be easily manufactured according to the usage scenario.

[0096] The term "extended length dimension" refers to a length dimension extending from the inside to the outside along the diameter of the needle body 101. For example, the metal wrapping 200 includes multiple metal wires radiating from the same center, and these metal wires can be cylindrical or sheet-shaped. The term "extended winding dimension" refers to a length dimension formed by winding metal wires from the inside to the outside in the same plane along the diameter of the needle body 101. For example, it can be supported by the winding of metal wires from the inside to the outside in the same plane.

[0097] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 17 As shown, the metal enclosure 200 is a thin sheet structure, and the needle body 101 penetrates the center of the metal enclosure 200. The metal enclosure 200 is located at any position along the length of the needle body 101.

[0098] To analyze the specific effect of the metal inclusion 200 on the optimized electric field, this embodiment also simulates the potential gradient distribution of the electric field around the needle structure 100 when the sheet structure surrounds the needle structure 100. Specifically, as follows... Figure 18 , Figure 19 , Figure 20 and Figure 21 As shown, in conjunction with the spinneret corresponding to the above specific embodiment, the radial dimension of the sheet structure is changed, and the position of the sheet structure relative to the needle body 101 is changed. Finite element models are used to simulate the electric field of each structure, and the simulation results are shown. Specifically, [the following is omitted as it is not directly related to the preceding text]. Figure 17 The metal inclusions in the corresponding spinnerets are divided into two categories: small-diameter metal inclusions and large-diameter metal inclusions. The radial dimension of the small-diameter metal inclusions is smaller than that of the large-diameter metal inclusions. Figure 18 To be Figure 17The electric field simulation results are shown when the small-diameter spinneret is placed near the needle shank. Figure 19 To be Figure 17 The electric field simulation results are shown when the large-diameter spinneret is placed near the needle shank. Figure 20 To be Figure 17 The electric field simulation results are shown when the small-diameter spinneret is placed near the tip of the needle. Figure 21 To be Figure 17 The electric field simulation results are shown when the large-diameter spinneret is placed near the tip of the needle.

[0099] Through the Figure 18 , Figure 19 , Figure 20 and Figure 21 Analysis and comparison show that the position of the sheet structure on the needle body 101 has no effect on the electric field distribution. However, as the radial dimension of the sheet structure increases, that is, the area of ​​the sheet structure increases, the electric field near the needle body 101 is enhanced, the potential gradient is gentler, and it is more conducive to stably driving the spinning jet through the space between the tip and the collector.

[0100] In this embodiment, the preferred needle structure 100 is a plastic steel screw needle to replace the stainless steel needle used in the prior art, which can reduce the cost of the spinneret and thus reduce the production cost of fiber products.

[0101] Another objective of this application is to provide an electrospinning machine, which includes the electrostatic spinning jet spinneret as described above.

[0102] The beneficial effects of the electrospinning machine provided in this application embodiment compared to the prior art are the same as the beneficial effects of the electrostatic spinning jet spinneret provided in this application embodiment compared to the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0103] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electrostatic spinning jet spinneret, characterized in that: It includes a needle structure (100) and a metal encapsulation (200); the metal encapsulation (200) is integrally formed; The needle structure (100) includes a needle handle (102) and a needle body (101), wherein the needle body (101) and the needle handle (102) are connected. The metal encapsulation (200) surrounds at least a portion of the needle body (101) on the outside, and at least a portion of the metal encapsulation (200) is in contact with the needle body (101); The metal wrapping body (200) has a conical cylindrical structure. The large end of the metal wrapping body (200) is sleeved on the needle handle (102), and the tip of the metal wrapping body (200) is sleeved on the tip of the needle body (101). The tip of the metal wrapping body (200) is in contact with the tip of the needle body (101). Alternatively, the metal wrapping body (200) has a straight cylindrical structure, with one end of the metal wrapping body (200) sleeved on the needle handle (102), and the other end of the metal wrapping body (200) sealed. This other end is sleeved on the tip of the needle body (101) and is in contact with the tip of the needle body (101).

2. The electrospinning jet spinneret as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The needle structure (100) is a plastic steel screw-in needle; The metal enclosure (200) is a metal product.

3. An electrospinning machine, characterized in that: Includes the electrospinning jet spinneret as described in claim 1 or 2.

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