Railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion fire test system and method

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a simulation railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test system and method, the system comprises: a box body having a containing space, a heating assembly is arranged in the box body to heat the containing space to a preset temperature; a vibration friction device, comprising: a vibration exciter; a top rod, one end of which is connected with the vibration exciter, and the other end is arranged in the box body; a cross rod assembly arranged on the other end of the top rod; a grinding head connected with the cross rod assembly, the grinding head can move in the first direction under the drive of the cross rod assembly; a load applying device, comprising: a tablet pressing assembly arranged in the box body, the tablet pressing assembly is suitable for clamping and fixing the sample to be tested; a slide rail assembly connected with the tablet pressing assembly, the slide rail assembly is configured to drive the tablet pressing assembly to move in the first direction, so that the sample to be tested abuts against the grinding head; a measuring assembly configured to obtain the applied force, temperature data and ignition critical temperature and ignition time of the sample to be tested.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of combustible cargo transportation friction test, in particular to a simulation railway freight friction heat generation spontaneous combustion fire test system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Railway freight transportation is one of the important ways of material transportation. According to statistics, the proportion of railway freight transportation in the whole society is increasing year by year, which provides strong power support for the rapid economic development.

[0003] However, in recent years, railway freight train fire accidents have occurred from time to time. Fire often leads to line damage and train interruption, which poses a great threat to railway transportation safety, causes great loss to people's life and property, and also brings serious negative impact to the society.

[0004] Many fires of freight trains are actually the coupling of multiple factors, which not only depends on the physical and chemical conditions of the combustible material itself, but also closely related to the loading conditions of the cargo, the running conditions of the railway transportation, and various factors such as weather environment. The loading conditions of the cargo include mixed loading degree, loading height and width, loading method, the running conditions and environmental factors include speed, vibration, acceleration, etc. Environmental factors include temperature, humidity, etc.

[0005] One of the important factors is that during the running of the freight train, due to the track irregularity, the movement of the wheelset and the characteristics of the vehicle suspension system itself, the vehicle produces complex vibration. Vibration in mechanics refers to the reciprocating motion of a particle around its equilibrium position. This vibration mainly includes the vibration caused by the heave vibration, nodding vibration and roll vibration of the vehicle body. If the freight car is loaded with more cargo, the flammable material is in contact with the compartment, and this vibration will cause long-time friction between the loaded flammable cargo and the compartment, especially when the cargo and the vehicle resonate, the vibration received by the cargo is amplified, and the friction is more intense, thereby generating a certain amount of heat. In high temperature weather, due to the poor heat dissipation condition of the closed van, the long-time accumulated friction heat will penetrate into the combustible material through solid conduction, and if the temperature reaches the heat self-ignition temperature of the combustible material, it may cause heat self-ignition, and then produce smoldering and open fire, and finally cause a fire.

[0006] However, the vibration friction test scheme for combustible cargo in the related art has the following problems:

[0007] (1) The traditional small-scale and medium-scale combustible cargo vibration friction test scheme contains a large number of electrical facilities (such as servo motors, etc.), and the equipment has poor fire resistance, and is not suitable for the test of the vibration friction of combustible cargo in high-temperature climate. The large-scale experimental device has high experimental cost due to large sample size, and cannot perform multiple experiments and accurate analysis due to environmental factors. Other combustible material transportation vibration friction and methods (such as hydraulic vibration table, mechanical vibration test, etc.) cannot apply vertical vibration and metal contact conditions to the combustible material. There is no small-scale and medium-scale experimental device that conforms to the actual situation of the vibration friction of combustible materials in a fire.

[0008] (2) The traditional simulation freight train vibration table is carried out in a natural environment, which is quite different from the actual high-temperature climate condition of the vibration friction of goods, and cannot accurately simulate and analyze the situation of combustible goods in the actual high-temperature climate environment, especially the vertical contact with the car door. And in most cases, the combustible goods are in contact with the metal car door, and are subjected to vibration caused by train operation at the initial stage of starting. The natural room temperature and no vertical constraint cannot analyze the friction-induced spontaneous combustion behavior of combustible goods in high-temperature climate. SUMMARY

[0009] Therefore, the main purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a friction-induced spontaneous combustion ignition test system and method for simulating railway transportation of combustible goods in high-temperature climate, which can provide reliable data support for the mutual vibration friction mechanism of combustible goods and car doors in high-temperature climate, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation and high safety factor.

[0010] According to the inventive concept of one aspect of the present disclosure, a railway freight friction-induced spontaneous combustion ignition test system is provided, comprising:

[0011] A box body having a containing space, wherein a heating assembly is arranged in the box body to heat the containing space to a preset temperature;

[0012] A vibration friction device, comprising:

[0013] A vibration exciter;

[0014] A top rod, one end of which is connected with the vibration exciter, and the other end of which is arranged in the box body;

[0015] A cross rod assembly arranged at the other end of the top rod;

[0016] A grinding head connected with the cross rod assembly, the grinding head being capable of moving in a first direction under the drive of the cross rod assembly;

[0017] A load applying device, comprising:

[0018] A tabletting assembly is arranged in the box, and the tabletting assembly is suitable for clamping a sample to be tested;

[0019] A slide rail assembly is connected with the tabletting assembly, and the slide rail assembly is configured to drive the tabletting assembly to move in a first direction so that the sample to be tested abuts against the grinding head;

[0020] A measuring assembly is configured to obtain the size of the applied force on the sample to be tested, temperature data, and the critical temperature and ignition time of the sample to be tested.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the slide rail assembly comprises:

[0022] A top plate is arranged in the box;

[0023] A threaded knob is arranged on the top plate, and the threaded knob can be screwed into or out of the top plate in the first direction;

[0024] A fixing column is connected with the front end of the threaded knob, and the fixing column is arranged outside the box;

[0025] A slide cylinder is slidably sleeved on the fixing column, and one end of the slide cylinder is connected with the tabletting assembly;

[0026] A spring is arranged in the slide cylinder, and two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the fixing column and the tabletting assembly.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the tabletting assembly comprises:

[0028] A tablet is connected with the output end of the slide rail assembly, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the tablet;

[0029] A pressing ring is arranged adjacent to the tablet; and

[0030] A fastening bolt is arranged between the tablet and the pressing ring, and the fastening bolt is suitable for clamping the sample to be tested between the tablet and the pressing ring;

[0031] The sample to be tested is located in the area of the inner ring of the pressing ring and abuts against the grinding head.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the measuring assembly comprises:

[0033] A thermocouple is arranged on the tablet, and the thermocouple is configured to abut against the sample to be tested to obtain the temperature information of the sample to be tested.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the measuring assembly comprises:

[0035] An infrared thermal imager is disposed outside the box, and the infrared thermal imager is suitable for acquiring a surface thermal image of the sample to be tested.

[0036] An image acquisition device is disposed outside the box, and the image acquisition device is suitable for acquiring flame image information of the sample to be tested when the sample to be tested is self-ignited.

[0037] A timer is suitable for acquiring time information of the sample to be tested when the sample to be tested is self-ignited.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration friction device further comprises:

[0039] A fixed screw hole is disposed on the crossbar assembly;

[0040] A ball head is connected to the grinding head, and the ball head is clamped on the fixed screw hole;

[0041] The orientation of the grinding head is adjusted by locking and releasing the ball head through the fixed screw hole.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration friction device further comprises:

[0043] A signal generator is connected to the exciter, and the signal generator is suitable for outputting a vibration signal to the exciter.

[0044] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the measurement assembly comprises:

[0045] A pressure sensor is disposed on the tabletting assembly, and the pressure sensor is configured to acquire the pressure received by the sample to be tested.

[0046] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the simulated railway freight friction heat self-ignition fire test system further comprises:

[0047] An analysis computer is in communication connection with the measurement assembly.

[0048] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a simulated railway freight friction heat self-ignition fire test method is also provided, which uses the system as described above, and the test method comprises:

[0049] The sample to be tested is dried;

[0050] The dried sample to be tested is placed on the tabletting assembly of the load application device, and the position of the tabletting assembly and the slide rail assembly relative to the crossbar assembly is adjusted;

[0051] The slide rail assembly is adjusted so that the center of the sample to be tested is in sufficient contact with the grinding head and reaches a preset pressure;

[0052] The box is heated so that the temperature in the box reaches a preset value;

[0053] Start the exciter, and simulate the railway freight friction heat generation by the signal output by the signal generator;

[0054] The measuring assembly is used to monitor the applied force, temperature data, critical temperature and ignition time of the sample to be tested.

[0055] The simulation railway freight friction heat generation spontaneous combustion ignition test system and method of the embodiments of the present disclosure has at least one or part of the following beneficial effects:

[0056] (1) The load applying device used in the present disclosure does not contain electrical equipment and is outside the heating compartment, so it can perform long-time heating tests and is not easily damaged by high temperatures. Therefore, the heating device can not only use convection heating but also radiation heating, which can more accurately simulate the stress conditions and internal temperature rising process of transported goods in actual high-temperature environments. The vibration device used in the present disclosure is a small single-direction vibration device that can perform local contact vibration on the sample to be tested, thereby simulating the state of the convex part of the freight train compartment door and the goods during transportation and the vertical vibration between the compartment door and the object caused by factors such as train operation. The present disclosure does not vibrate the entire box, and there is no need to apply constraints on the box and the vibration device. The test vibration friction phenomenon is more consistent with the actual high-temperature environment friction heat generation development process.

[0057] (2) Based on the vibration friction device, the load applying device, and the constant temperature heating device, the key factors or parameters of friction heat generation in the high-temperature environment, especially in the relatively closed box, can be measured by using digital transmitters and other measuring devices. The temperature collection device can measure the temperature parameters of the sample to be tested when it is subjected to vibration friction. Therefore, the influence of different environmental temperatures and vibration modes under load application on the friction heat generation of transported goods during transportation can be reflected, which can scientifically and accurately evaluate the fire damage and hazards of transported goods and provide experimental and theoretical support for improving the safety management level of railway freight transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0058] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0059] Figure 1 The structural block diagram of the simulation railway freight friction heat generation spontaneous combustion ignition test system of the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0060] Figure 2 The perspective view of the simulation railway freight friction heat generation spontaneous combustion ignition test system of the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown;

[0061] Figure 3 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a simulation railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.

[0063] The terms used herein are merely used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "including", "containing" and the like used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0064] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with the context of the present specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner.

[0065] In the case of using expressions similar to "at least one of A, B and C, etc.", it should be generally interpreted that the meaning of the expression is at least one of the items listed before the conjunction, and should not be interpreted as including the items listed after the conjunction in the case where a clear intention to the contrary exists in the present specification. In the case of using expressions similar to "at least one of A, B, or C, etc.", it should be generally interpreted that the meaning of the expression is at least one of the items listed before the conjunction, and should not be interpreted in the alternative as the items listed after the conjunction in the case where a clear intention to the contrary exists in the present specification.

[0066] It should also be noted that the directional phrases mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., are only the directions of the drawings, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. When it is possible to cause confusion in the understanding of the present disclosure, conventional structures or configurations will be omitted.

[0067] The temperature change of the goods itself under the influence of vibration caused by the running of the vehicle body under high temperature climate conditions in the conventional goods transportation is difficult to simulate, and the test device in the related art cannot be tested under high temperature environment prone to open fire due to the presence of electrical equipment, and it is difficult to accurately simulate the temperature rise of the goods in the actual running process.

[0068] In view of this, the application provides a friction heat test system and method for simulating railway transportation of flammable goods in high-temperature climate, which can simulate the heating state of the transported goods in actual transportation by using a heating belt as a constant-temperature heating device, can realize real-time recording of the temperature response process of the sample under different loads and vibration effects, thereby more accurately identifying the ignition time of the sample, can record and output the temperature rise rate and other key parameters of the sample under the constant-temperature environment in real time, and accurately and qualitatively determine the fire hazard of vibration and friction of the transported goods in the high-temperature environment during transportation.

[0069] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of the simulation railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown; Figure 2 A perspective view of the simulation railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown; Figure 3 An internal structure schematic view of the simulation railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0070] According to the inventive concept of one aspect of the present disclosure, a simulation railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test system is provided, which comprises a box body 100, a vibration friction device I, a load applying device II and a measurement assembly IV. The box body 100 has a containing space, and a heating assembly III is arranged in the box body 100 to heat the containing space to a preset temperature. The vibration friction device I comprises a vibration exciter 110, a top rod 1324, a cross rod assembly 131 and a grinding head 1321. One end of the top rod 1324 is connected with the vibration exciter 110, and the other end is arranged in the box body 100. The cross rod assembly 131 is arranged at the other end of the top rod 1324. The grinding head 1321 is connected with the cross rod assembly 131, and the grinding head 1321 can move in a first direction under the driving of the cross rod assembly 131. The load applying device II comprises a pressing plate assembly 240 and a sliding rail assembly 210. The pressing plate assembly 240 is arranged in the box body 100, and the pressing plate assembly 240 is suitable for clamping and fixing a sample V to be measured. The sliding rail assembly 210 is connected with the pressing plate assembly 240, and the sliding rail assembly 210 is configured to drive the pressing plate assembly 240 to move in the first direction, so that the sample V to be measured abuts against the grinding head 1321. The measurement assembly IV is configured to obtain the size of the applied force, temperature data, ignition critical temperature and ignition time of the sample V to be measured.

[0071] In the embodiment, based on the vibration friction device, the load applying device and the heating device, the vertical vibration can be applied to the sample under high temperature environment, especially under the load, and the phenomenon of heat generation due to vibration and friction of the transported goods of the freight train under the actual high temperature climate condition can be simulated more accurately. The key factors or parameters of heat generation due to friction under the high temperature environment, such as the center temperature of the back of the sample, the ignition time, etc. can be measured more accurately by using the parameter measuring device. The load applied to the sample can be measured by using the digital transmitter, which is beneficial to reflect the influence of the vibration and heat generation due to friction of the goods under the influence of the extrusion or centrifugal force in the transportation process.

[0072] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the sample V is a flat plate structure.

[0073] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the heating assembly III is used for convective heating of the sample V to simulate the heat loading of the sample V under high temperature environment.

[0074] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the simulation railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test system further comprises a friction unit 130. The friction unit 130 comprises a crossbar assembly 131 and a flexible connection grinding head assembly 132, wherein the crossbar assembly 131 is used to apply contact in the vertical direction (first direction) to the sample V, and the flexible connection grinding head assembly 132 comprises a 270-degree rotatable grinding head 1321 and a fixed screw port 1322. The grinding head 1321 can be screwed off from the fixed screw port 1322 by screwing the thread, and different sizes of grinding heads 1321 can be replaced.

[0075] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, the diameter of the grinding head 1321 can be 8mm, 10mm or 12mm. Further, the grinding head 1321 can be adjusted to be perpendicular to the surface of the sample V or away from the sample V.

[0076] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration friction device further comprises a ball head. The ball head is connected with the grinding head 1321, and the ball head is clamped on the fixed screw port 1322. The orientation of the grinding head 1321 is adjusted by locking and releasing the ball head through the fixed screw port 1322.

[0077] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the crossbar assembly 131 is limited in the horizontal direction by the adjusting valve 1323, i.e. the displacement in the vertical direction (first direction) of the sample V, and is also slidingly connected to the top rod 1324 which provides support to it.

[0078] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the slide rail assembly 210 comprises a top plate 2142, a threaded knob 211, a fixed column 213, a slide cylinder 214, and a spring 2143. The top plate 2142 is disposed outside the box 100. The threaded knob 211 is disposed on the top plate 2142, and the threaded knob 211 can be screwed into or out of the top plate 2142 in a first direction. The fixed column 213 is connected to the front end of the threaded knob 211, and the fixed column 213 is disposed outside the box 100. The slide cylinder 214 is slidably sleeved on the fixed column 213, and one end of the slide cylinder 214 is connected to the tablet assembly 240. The spring 2143 is disposed inside the slide cylinder 214, and the spring 2143 is connected to the fixed column 213 and the tablet assembly 240 at both ends.

[0079] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, the slide rail assembly 210 comprises a threaded knob 211, an adjusting nut 212, a fixed column 213, and a slide cylinder 214, wherein the internal components of the slide cylinder are controlled by the adjusting nut 212, and the internal components include a spring 2143 and a top plate 2142. By rotating the threaded knob 211, the connected tablet assembly 240 is moved towards the grinding head 1321.

[0080] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the tablet assembly comprises a tablet 241, a pressing ring 242, and a plurality of fastening bolts (2411-2414). The tablet 241 is connected to the output end of the slide rail assembly, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the tablet 241. The pressing ring 242 is disposed adjacent to the tablet 241. The fastening bolts are disposed between the tablet and the pressing ring, and the fastening bolts are suitable for clamping the sample to be tested between the tablet 241 and the pressing ring 242. The sample to be tested is located in the part of the pressing ring that abuts against the grinding head.

[0081] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the tablet assembly 240 mainly comprises two plates, wherein the first plate is the tablet 241 connected to the slide cylinder 214, and the second plate is the pressing ring 242. The sample to be tested V is located between the tablet 241 and the pressing ring 242. The pressing ring 242 and the tablet 241 adjust the distance through the fastening bolts (for example, internal hexagonal screws), so that the sample to be tested V is clamped in the exposed annular area of the pressing ring 242.

[0082] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the temperature measurement assembly 220 comprises a thermocouple 221 disposed on the tablet 241. The thermocouple 221 is configured to abut against the sample to be tested V to obtain the temperature information of the sample to be tested.

[0083] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the temperature measuring assembly 220 is mainly close to the sample V to be measured through the sliding cylinder 214 in the sliding rail assembly 210. A 1mm hole 2141 is reserved in the side wall of the sliding cylinder 214 in advance, which is connected with the hole 2425 on the pressing ring 242 in the tablet pressing assembly 240. Subsequently, the thermocouple 221 is inserted into the hole, and the thermocouple 221 is connected with the temperature data acquisition module 222 (for example, a 7018 module) and the power supply module 223. Then, the data is collected to the analysis computer 225 by using the signal acquisition module 224, so that the center temperature of the back of the sample V to be measured can be measured.

[0084] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the measuring assembly further comprises an infrared thermal imager, an image acquisition device and a timer. The infrared thermal imager is arranged outside the box, and the infrared thermal imager is suitable for acquiring the surface thermal image of the sample to be measured. The image acquisition device is arranged outside the box, and the image acquisition device is suitable for acquiring the flame image information of the sample to be measured when the sample to be measured is self-ignited. The timer is suitable for acquiring the time information of the sample to be measured when the sample to be measured is self-ignited.

[0085] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration friction device further comprises a fixed screw port and a ball head. The fixed screw port is arranged on the crossbar assembly. The ball head is connected with the grinding head, and the ball head is clamped on the fixed screw port. The orientation of the grinding head is adjusted by locking and releasing the ball head through the fixed screw port.

[0086] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration friction device further comprises a signal generator, which is connected with the exciter. The signal generator is suitable for outputting a vibration signal to the exciter.

[0087] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the measuring assembly comprises a pressure sensor arranged on the tablet pressing assembly 240. The pressure sensor is configured to acquire the pressure received by the sample V to be measured.

[0088] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pressure monitoring assembly 230 is mainly connected through the fixed column 213 and the sliding cylinder 214, and is fixed on the sliding rail assembly 210 by relying on the fixed nut. The digital quantity transmitter 232 and the data acquisition USB- RS-485 converter 233 are connected to the analysis computer 225, so as to monitor the pressure received by the surface of the sample V to be measured in real time when the threaded knob 211 is twisted.

[0089] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the simulated railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test system further comprises an analysis computer, wherein the analysis computer is in communication connection with the measuring assembly, and is used for processing the obtained data.

[0090] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a simulated railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test method is also provided, which adopts the system as described above, and the test method comprises operations S1-S6.

[0091] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, operation S1 comprises drying the sample to be tested.

[0092] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, operation S2 comprises placing the dried sample to be tested on the tabletting assembly of the load applying device, and adjusting the position of the tabletting assembly and the slide rail assembly relative to the crossbar assembly.

[0093] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, operation S3 comprises adjusting the slide rail assembly so that the center of the sample to be tested is in sufficient contact with the grinding head and reaches the preset pressure.

[0094] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, operation S4 comprises heating the box so that the temperature inside the box reaches the preset value.

[0095] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, operation S5 comprises starting the exciter and simulating the friction heat generated by railway freight using the signal output by the signal generator.

[0096] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, operation S6 comprises monitoring the size of the applied force on the sample to be tested, the temperature data, and the ignition critical temperature and ignition time of the sample to be tested using the measuring assembly.

[0097] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, in operation S1, the sample to be tested is placed in an oven, the temperature is adjusted to 80℃, and the drying time is 120 minutes. Further, the drying temperature and time can be adjusted according to the experimental conditions and the material type of the sample to be tested.

[0098] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, in operation S2, the sample to be tested V is placed from the upper end of the tabletting assembly 240, and the tightening bolt (e.g., an internal hexagonal screw) on the tabletting assembly 240 is adjusted to be fixed in the middle of the two tablets. Then, the slide rail assembly 210 is adjusted so that the surface of the sample to be tested V in the tabletting assembly 240 is at the same horizontal position as the crossbar assembly 131.

[0099] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, in operation S3, by turning the threaded knob 211 in the slide rail assembly 210, the tabletting assembly 240 is moved towards the grinding head 1321 in the crossbar assembly in the horizontal direction until the surface of the sample to be tested V is in sufficient contact with the grinding head 1321.

[0100] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, in operation S4, under the condition that the sample to be tested V is loaded with a load, the box is heated using the constant temperature heating device III to simulate the thermal loading of an object in a high temperature environment. Further, the load applying device II is used to apply a certain pressure, the heating device control panel is opened, the temperature to be heated is adjusted to 80℃, and then the cover of the box is closed in time.

[0101] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, in operation S5, after the box is capped, the signal generator 120 is used to adjust the vibration mode to be sinusoidal vibration, the vibration frequency range is 15-45Hz, and the amplitude range is 0-3mm.

[0102] Further, the exciter 110 is connected to the signal generator 120 through the signal control line, the switch on the back of the signal generator 120 is opened, the vibration mode is selected to be sinusoidal vibration on the control panel on the front, the vibration frequency range is selected to be 15-45Hz, and the vibration amplitude is adjusted by twisting the amplitude knob.

[0103] According to some optional embodiments of the present disclosure, in operation S6, the pressure data monitored by the digital transmitter 232 is obtained by the parameter measurement device IV, and the critical ignition temperature and the ignition time of the sample V are observed by the thermal imager and the visible light camera.

[0104] Further, the parameter measurement device IV mainly uses the digital transmitter 232 and the data acquisition USB to RS-485 converter 233 to display the collected pressure data on the terminal analysis computer 234, the thermocouple 221 is connected to the 7018 module 222 and the power module 223, and then the data is collected to the terminal analysis computer 225 by using the signal acquisition module 224.

[0105] Further, the surface temperature of the sample V is measured by the thermal imager 310 through the transparent glass surface 330 of the box, the spontaneous combustion flame image is recorded by the visible light camera 320, and the critical ignition temperature and time of the sample V are recorded.

[0106] Further, the vibration frequency, the vibration amplitude of the exciter and the type of the sample to be tested are adjusted, and the above operations S1-S6 are tested.

[0107] The simulation railway freight friction heat spontaneous combustion ignition test system and method of the embodiments of the present disclosure have at least one or part of the following beneficial effects:

[0108] (1) The load applying device used in the present disclosure does not contain electrical equipment and is outside the heating compartment, so long-time heating tests can be carried out, and it is not easy to be damaged by high temperature, so the heating device can not only use convection heating, but also can use radiation heating, which can more accurately simulate the stress condition of the transported goods and the internal temperature rising process under the actual high temperature environment. The vibration device used in the present disclosure is a small single-direction vibration device, which can perform local contact vibration on the sample to be tested, thereby simulating the state of the convex part of the carriage door of the freight train and the goods during transportation, and the vertical vibration between the door and the object caused by train operation and other factors. The present disclosure does not vibrate the entire box, and there is no need to apply constraints on the box and the vibration device. The test vibration friction phenomenon is more consistent with the actual high-temperature environment friction heat development process.

[0109] (2) Based on the vibration friction device, the load applying device and the constant temperature heating device, the key factors or parameters of friction heat generation in the high-temperature environment, especially in the relatively closed box, can be measured by using digital transmitters and other measuring devices. The temperature collection device can be used to measure the temperature parameters of the sample when it is subjected to vibration friction, so as to reflect the influence of different environmental temperatures and load application on the vibration mode of the transported goods during transportation, and to provide experimental and theoretical support for improving the safety management level of railway freight transportation.

[0110] The above describes the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although each embodiment is described above, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be used advantageously in combination. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A simulated railroad freight traffic frictional heat self-ignition fire test system characterized by, The system comprises: a box body having a containing space, wherein a heating assembly is arranged in the box body to heat the containing space to a preset temperature; a vibration friction device comprising: a vibration exciter; a top rod having one end connected with the vibration exciter and the other end arranged in the box body; a cross rod assembly arranged on the other end of the top rod; a grinding head connected with the cross rod assembly, the grinding head being capable of moving in a first direction under the drive of the cross rod assembly; a load applying device comprising: a tablet pressing assembly arranged in the box body, the tablet pressing assembly being suitable for clamping and fixing a sample to be tested; a slide rail assembly connected with the tablet pressing assembly, the slide rail assembly being configured to drive the tablet pressing assembly to move in the first direction so that the sample to be tested abuts against the grinding head; a measuring assembly configured to obtain the magnitude of the applied force, temperature data, and the critical temperature and time of ignition of the sample to be tested; the slide rail assembly comprising: a top plate arranged outside the box body; a threaded knob arranged on the top plate, the threaded knob being capable of being screwed into or out of the top plate in the first direction; a fixing column connected with the front end of the threaded knob, the fixing column being arranged outside the box body; a slide cylinder slidably sleeved on the fixing column, one end of the slide cylinder being connected with the tablet pressing assembly; a spring arranged inside the slide cylinder, two ends of the spring being respectively connected with the fixing column and the tablet pressing assembly; the tablet pressing assembly comprising: a tablet connected with the output end of the slide rail assembly, a plurality of through holes being formed in the tablet; a pressing ring arranged adjacent to the tablet; and a fastening bolt arranged between the tablet and the pressing ring, the fastening bolt being suitable for clamping the sample to be tested between the tablet and the pressing ring; wherein the sample to be tested is located in the area of the inner ring of the pressing ring and abuts against the grinding head.

2. The simulated rail freight frictional heat self-ignition fire test system of claim 1, wherein, the measuring assembly comprising: a thermocouple arranged on the tablet, the thermocouple being configured to abut against the sample to be tested to obtain the temperature information of the sample to be tested.

3. The simulated rail freight frictional heat self-ignition fire test system of claim 1, wherein, the measuring assembly comprising: an infrared thermal imager arranged outside the box body, the infrared thermal imager being suitable for obtaining the surface thermal image of the sample to be tested; an image acquisition device arranged outside the box body, the image acquisition device being suitable for obtaining the flame image information of the sample to be tested when the sample to be tested is self-ignited; and a timer suitable for obtaining the time information of the sample to be tested when the sample to be tested is self-ignited.

4. The simulated rail freight traffic-induced frictional heat spontaneous ignition fire test system of claim 1, wherein, the vibration friction device further comprising: a fixed screw port arranged on the cross rod assembly; a ball head connected with the grinding head, the ball head being clamped on the fixed screw port; wherein the orientation of the grinding head is adjusted by locking and releasing the ball head through the fixed screw port.

5. The simulated rail freight friction-heat self-ignition fire test system of claim 1, wherein, the vibration friction device further comprising: a signal generator connected with the vibration exciter, the signal generator being suitable for outputting a vibration signal to the vibration exciter.

6. The simulated rail freight friction-heat self-ignition fire test system of claim 1, wherein, the measuring assembly comprising: a pressure sensor arranged on the tablet pressing assembly, the pressure sensor being configured to obtain the pressure applied to the sample to be tested.

7. The simulated rail freight friction-heat self-ignition fire test system of claim 1, wherein, further comprising: an analysis computer in communication connection with the measuring assembly.

8. A method of simulating a friction-induced self-ignition fire test for rail freight traffic, characterized in that The test method using the system according to any one of claims 1-7 comprises: drying the sample to be tested; Placing the dried sample to be tested on the tabletting assembly of the load applying device, adjusting the position of the tabletting assembly and the slide rail assembly relative to the crossbar assembly; Adjusting the slide rail assembly so that the center of the sample to be tested is in sufficient contact with the grinding head and reaches the preset pressure; Heating the box so that the temperature in the box reaches the preset value; Starting the exciter to simulate the friction heat of railway freight transport using the signal output by the signal generator; Using the measurement assembly to monitor the size of the applied force on the sample to be tested, temperature data, and the critical temperature and ignition time of the sample to be tested.

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