Glass antenna and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a glass antenna and a vehicle. The glass antenna comprises a glass piece and at least one antenna unit arranged on the glass piece, each of the antenna units comprising at least one antenna, wherein the antenna comprises: a first radiator; a second radiator arranged on the same surface of the glass piece as the first radiator, and surrounding the outside of the first radiator, a gap existing between the first radiator and the second radiator, the gap comprising a plurality of gap portions with different widths; a first feeding point and a second feeding point arranged on the first radiator and the second radiator respectively, the first feeding point being electrically connected with an inner conductor of a coaxial cable, and the second feeding point being electrically connected with an outer conductor of the coaxial cable. The scheme realizes an ultra-wideband glass antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a glass antenna and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] As one of the core radiation components for wireless communication of intelligent networked vehicles, the performance of the vehicle-mounted antenna directly affects the communication quality of the intelligent networked vehicle communication system. The mainstream vehicle-mounted antenna is a vehicle-mounted glass antenna, which integrates antenna functions and glass technology.

[0003] In addition, the Ultra Wideband (UWB) system can not only achieve centimeter-level accurate positioning, but also has the characteristics of fast communication rate, high security, etc.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a glass antenna capable of realizing ultra wideband to improve the communication quality of the intelligent networked vehicle communication system. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a glass antenna capable of realizing ultra wideband to improve the communication quality of the intelligent networked vehicle communication system.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a glass antenna, which comprises a glass piece and at least one antenna unit arranged on the glass piece, each of the antenna units comprising at least one antenna, wherein the antenna comprises: a first radiator; a second radiator, which is arranged on the same side of the glass piece as the first radiator, and the second radiator is arranged on the outer side of the first radiator, and there is a gap between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the gap comprises a plurality of gap portions with different widths; a first feed point and a second feed point, which are arranged on the first radiator and the second radiator respectively, the first feed point is electrically connected to the inner conductor of a coaxial cable, and the second feed point is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.

[0007] In one of the embodiments, the first radiator comprises a fan-shaped structure, which comprises an arc-shaped top end and a bottom end opposite to the arc-shaped top end; and the first feed point is arranged on the bottom end.

[0008] In one of the embodiments, the first radiator further comprises a U-shaped structure, which is connected to the fan-shaped structure.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the second feed point is arranged at a position where the distance between the second radiator and the top end is the smallest.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the antenna further comprises a surface wave suppression structure, which completely or partially surrounds the second radiator.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the surface wave suppression structure is an array structure composed of a plurality of metal units arranged at intervals.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the interval between the adjacent metal units is 0.1mm-1mm.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the metal unit is circular, polygonal or elliptical.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the distance between the surface wave suppression structure and the second radiator is 0.5mm-2mm.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the antenna further comprises a short-circuit branch, a first end of the short-circuit branch is connected with the first radiator, and a second end of the short-circuit branch is connected with the second radiator.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the distance between the first end of the short-circuit branch and the first feeding point is 5mm-10mm; and / or, the distance between the second end of the short-circuit branch and the second feeding point is 5mm-10mm.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the second radiator is a circular ring, an elliptical ring, a polygonal ring or a rectangle provided with a circular hole.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the antenna unit comprises two antennas.

[0019] In one of the embodiments, the top end of the fan-shaped structure comprised by the first radiator in the two antennas faces the same direction; or, the top end of the fan-shaped structure comprised by the first radiator in the two antennas faces different directions.

[0020] In one of the embodiments, in the case where the top end of the fan-shaped structure comprised by the first radiator in the two antennas faces different directions, the top end of the fan-shaped structure comprised by the first radiator in the two antennas faces away from each other; or, the top end of the fan-shaped structure comprised by the first radiator in the two antennas faces each other.

[0021] In a second aspect, the application further provides a vehicle comprising the glass antenna according to any one of the first aspect.

[0022] The glass antenna comprises a glass piece and at least one antenna unit arranged on the glass piece, and each antenna unit comprises at least one antenna, wherein the antenna comprises a first radiator, a second radiator, a first feeding point and a second feeding point. The second radiator is arranged on the same surface of the glass piece as the first radiator, and the second radiator is arranged outside the first radiator, and a gap exists between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the gap comprises a plurality of gap portions with different widths; the first feeding point and the second feeding point are arranged on the first radiator and the second radiator respectively, the first feeding point is electrically connected with an inner conductor of a coaxial cable, and the second feeding point is electrically connected with an outer conductor of the coaxial cable. Since the gap between the second radiator and the first radiator comprises a plurality of gap portions with different widths, the distance from the feeding point to different gap portions is gradually changed, so that the characteristic impedance of the antenna changes slowly with the change of frequency, which means that the antenna can maintain relatively stable performance regardless of the input frequency, that is, the input impedance bandwidth is expanded, and thus the ultra-wideband glass antenna is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the related art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 The first glass antenna in an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 The second glass antenna in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 The third glass antenna in an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 The fourth glass antenna in an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 The fifth glass antenna in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 The sixth glass antenna in an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 7 The standing wave ratio curve of the antenna in an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 8 The isolation curve between two antennas in an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 9A graph of the radiation efficiency curve of the antenna in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 10 A horizontal plane radiation pattern of the antenna in one embodiment at a frequency of 6.5 GHz;

[0034] Figure 11 A horizontal plane radiation pattern of the antenna in one embodiment at a frequency of 8 GHz. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not intended to limit the present application.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0037] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present application can be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, the first resistor can be called the second resistor, and similarly, the second resistor can be called the first resistor. The first resistor and the second resistor are both resistors, but they are not the same resistor.

[0038] It can be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be an intervening element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that in the present application, "electrical connection" can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components through the entity line of printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wire that can transmit electrical signals in the circuit structure. "Coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction in space through indirect coupling, wherein it can be understood by those skilled in the art that coupling phenomenon refers to the phenomenon that the input and output of two or more circuit components or electrical networks exist close cooperation and mutual influence, and energy is transmitted from one side to the other side through interaction.

[0040] With the rapid development of intelligent networked automobile industry, intelligent driving and unmanned driving are becoming more and more close to real life, which requires higher and higher communication quality of wireless system. As one of the core radiation components of intelligent networked automobile for wireless communication, the performance of vehicle-mounted antenna directly affects the communication quality of intelligent networked automobile communication system. The mainstream vehicle-mounted antenna at present is vehicle-mounted glass antenna, which integrates antenna function and glass technology.

[0041] In addition, the Ultra Wideband (UWB) system not only can realize centimeter-level accurate positioning, but also has the characteristics of fast communication rate, high security, etc., and has functions such as living body detection and intelligent greeting, and will have wide application in the future.

[0042] Therefore, it is necessary to design a glass antenna capable of realizing ultra wideband to improve the communication quality of intelligent networked automobile communication system. The technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions of the present application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. In addition, the following several specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0043] In one exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 A first glass antenna is provided, which includes a glass piece 100 and at least one antenna unit provided on the glass piece 100, each antenna unit including at least one antenna 200.

[0044] It can be understood that when one antenna unit is provided on the glass piece 100, and the antenna unit includes one antenna 200, one antenna 200 is provided on the glass piece 100; when one antenna unit is provided on the glass piece 100, and the antenna unit includes two antennas 200, two antennas 200 are provided on the glass piece 100; when two antenna units are provided on the glass piece 100, and the antenna unit includes two antennas 200, four antennas 200 are provided on the glass piece 100. Figure 1The antenna unit is arranged on the glass piece 100, and the antenna unit includes two antennas 200.

[0045] The antenna 200 includes a first radiator 201, a second radiator 202, a first feeding point F1 and a second feeding point F2. The second radiator 202 is arranged on the same face of the glass piece 100 as the first radiator 201, and the second radiator 202 is arranged outside the first radiator 201, and there is a gap between the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202, and the gap includes a plurality of gap portions with different widths; the first feeding point F1 and the second feeding point F2 are arranged on the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202 respectively, the first feeding point F1 is electrically connected with the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, and the second feeding point F2 is electrically connected with the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. Wherein, the coaxial cable is not shown in the figure.

[0046] The glass piece 100 can be a sunroof glass, a front windshield or a rear windshield. The glass piece 100 includes a first glass piece, an intermediate layer and a second glass piece, the first glass piece includes a first face and a second face, the second glass piece includes a third face and a fourth face, the first face is away from the third face, the second face is close to the third face, the third face is close to the second face, and the fourth face is away from the second face. When the glass piece 100 is installed on the vehicle, the first face, the second face, the third face and the fourth face are respectively viewed from the interior space of the vehicle to the outside of the window. The intermediate layer can be made of PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral, polyvinyl butyral), which can adhere the first glass piece and the second glass piece together to form a laminated glass through a bonding process, so as to effectively improve the strength and toughness of the glass piece, and also improve the anti-collision ability and safety performance of the glass piece 101.

[0047] The antenna 200 is arranged on the glass piece 100, specifically, the antenna 200 can be arranged on the first face, the second face, the third face or the fourth face of the glass piece 100, that is, the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202 are coplanarly arranged and can be arranged on the first face, the second face, the third face or the fourth face. In addition, the antenna 200 can be arranged in the black border area of the glass piece 100, so as not to affect the light transmission performance of the transparent area of the glass piece 100. Preferably, the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202 are coplanarly arranged and arranged in the black border area on the fourth face of the glass piece 100, so as to facilitate feeding and have high radiation efficiency, without affecting the light transmission performance of the transparent area of the glass piece 100, and the manufacturing process is low in difficulty.

[0048] The first radiator 201 is in a sheet structure, and can be in a fan structure, a semicircular structure, a circular structure, an elliptical structure, or a polygonal structure, wherein the polygonal structure includes a trapezoidal structure, a rectangular structure, a triangular structure, or an octagonal structure, etc. Figure 1 The first radiator 201 is in a fan structure and a U-shaped structure.

[0049] The second radiator 202 is in a ring structure, and can be in a circular ring, a polygonal ring, or a rectangular ring with a circular hole, wherein the polygonal ring includes a rectangular ring, a trapezoidal ring, a triangular ring, or an octagonal ring, etc. Figure 1 The second radiator 202 is in a circular ring structure.

[0050] The first radiator 201 in any different shape can be combined with the second radiator 202 in any shape, as long as the gap between the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202 includes a plurality of gap sections with different widths. For example, when the first radiator 201 is in a circular shape and the second radiator 202 is in a circular ring, the centers of the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202 are not overlapped to achieve a gap between the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202 including a plurality of gap sections with different widths.

[0051] The first feeding point F1 and the second feeding point F2 are arranged on the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202, and the specific arrangement position can be determined according to the shape, size, and other parameters of the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202. Taking the first radiator 201 in a fan structure and a U-shaped structure and the second radiator 202 in a circular ring as an example, the fan structure includes an arc-shaped top end and a bottom end opposite to the arc-shaped top end, the first feeding point F1 is arranged at the bottom end of the fan structure, and the second feeding point F2 is arranged at a position where the distance between the second radiator 202 and the top end of the fan structure is the smallest, as shown in FIG. 2B. Figure 1

[0052] Preferably, the first radiator 201 includes a fan structure, the second radiator 202 is in a circular ring, the first feeding point F1 is arranged at the bottom end of the fan structure, and the second feeding point F2 is arranged at a position where the distance between the second radiator 202 and the top end of the fan structure is the smallest. In this way, the distance from the feeding point to the gap sections on both sides is gradually changed, realizing an ultra-wideband glass antenna, and the fan structure and the circular ring form a ring antenna, realizing a horizontally omnidirectional radiating glass antenna.

[0053] ​In addition, the first feeding point F1 disposed on the first radiator 201 is electrically connected with the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, and the second feeding point F2 disposed on the second radiator 202 is electrically connected with the outer conductor of the coaxial cable, at this time, the second radiator 202 is equivalent to the ground of the antenna 200.

[0054] The above glass antenna comprises a glass piece 100 and at least one antenna unit disposed on the glass piece 100, each antenna unit comprises at least one antenna 200, wherein the antenna 200 comprises a first radiator 201, a second radiator 202, a first feeding point F1 and a second feeding point F2. The second radiator 202 and the first radiator 201 are disposed on the same side of the glass piece 100, and the second radiator 202 surrounds the outside of the first radiator 201, and there is a gap between the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202, the gap comprises a plurality of gap portions with different widths; the first feeding point F1 and the second feeding point F2 are respectively disposed on the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202, the first feeding point F1 is electrically connected with the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, and the second feeding point F2 is electrically connected with the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. Since the gap between the second radiator 202 and the first radiator 201 comprises a plurality of gap portions with different widths, the distance from the feeding point to different gap portions is gradually changed, so that the characteristic impedance of the antenna 200 changes slowly with the change of frequency, which means that the antenna 200 can maintain relatively stable performance regardless of the input frequency, that is, the input impedance bandwidth is expanded, and thus the ultra-wideband glass antenna is realized.

[0055] In one embodiment, a second glass antenna is provided, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the antenna 200 further comprises a short-circuit stub 203, a first end of the short-circuit stub 203 is connected with the first radiator 201, and a second end of the short-circuit stub 203 is connected with the second radiator 202.

[0056] Optionally, the distance between the first end of the short-circuit stub 203 and the first feeding point F1 is about 5mm-10mm; and / or, the distance between the second end of the short-circuit stub 203 and the second feeding point F2 is about 5mm-10mm.

[0057] In other words, when the distance between the first end of the short-circuit stub 203 and the first feeding point F1 is about 5mm-10mm, the distance between the second end of the short-circuit stub 203 and the second feeding point F2 can be about 5mm-10mm, or other distances outside the range of about 5mm-10mm.

[0058] When the distance between the second end of the short-circuit stub 203 and the second feed point F2 can be approximately 5mm-10mm, the distance between the first end of the short-circuit stub 203 and the first feed point F1 can be approximately 5mm-10mm, or it can be any other distance outside the range of 5mm-10mm.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202 are connected by a short-circuit stub 203. This short-circuit stub 203 is equivalent to an inductor connected in parallel between the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202. The longer the short-circuit stub 203, the larger the parallel inductance; the shorter the short-circuit stub 203, the smaller the parallel inductance. Therefore, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna 200 can be optimized by adjusting the input impedance of the antenna 200 and the size of the parallel inductance, thereby further achieving ultra-wideband performance.

[0060] In one embodiment, a third type of glass antenna is provided, such as Figure 3 As shown, the antenna 200 also includes a surface wave suppression structure 204, which completely or partially surrounds the second radiator 202.

[0061] Figure 3 In the example of the surface wave suppression structure 204 partially surrounding the second radiator 202, the specific arrangement of the partial enclosure can be that the surface wave suppression structure 204 is not set on the side of the antenna 200 that is closest to the side of the glass component 100, so as to save process costs while ensuring antenna performance.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, a fourth type of glass antenna is provided, which is consistent with... Figure 3 The difference is that the surface wave suppression structure 204 completely surrounds the second radiator 202, and its surface wave suppression effect is better.

[0063] Among them, the surface wave suppression structure 204 is an array structure composed of multiple metal units arranged at intervals.

[0064] The spacing between adjacent metal units can be set as needed. Preferably, the spacing between adjacent metal units is set to be approximately 0.1mm-1mm.

[0065] The specific shape of the metal unit is not limited and can be a circle, polygon, or ellipse, among other shapes. Polygons include rectangles, trapezoids, triangles, or octagons. The shape of the surface wave suppression structure 204 composed of multiple metal units is also not limited. It can be the same as or different from the shape of the second radiator 202, and can be a circle, polygon, or ellipse, among other shapes.

[0066] The distance between the surface wave suppression structure 204 and the second radiator 202 can be set as required, and preferably, the distance between the surface wave suppression structure 204 and the second radiator 202 is about 0.5mm-2mm.

[0067] At this time, the shape of the second radiator 202 can be a rectangle provided with a circular hole, that is, the second radiator 202 in the rectangle is processed at right angles, as shown in Figure 1 Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, in the case that the surface wave suppression structure 204 partially or completely surrounds the second radiator 202, the distance between the three edges of the second radiator 202 and the surface wave suppression structure 204 can be ensured to be consistent, or the distance between the four edges of the second radiator 202 and the surface wave suppression structure 204 can be ensured to be consistent.

[0068] In the embodiment, because the glass piece 100 has characteristics such as large size area and high dielectric constant, the electromagnetic wave energy of the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202 is more bound in the form of surface wave on the glass-air medium surface and propagates, and the radiation of the surface wave can cause the pattern distortion of the radiation of the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202, resulting in the consequence of poor horizontal plane radiation. Therefore, after the surface wave suppression structure 204 is arranged to suppress the surface wave, the non-circularity of the horizontal plane of the antenna radiation pattern and the horizontal plane average gain can be improved, that is, the radiation efficiency of the antenna can be improved.

[0069] In addition, the surface wave suppression structure 204 is transparent to low frequencies less than or equal to 1GHz, and is equivalent to not being loaded; for frequencies greater than 1GHz, the higher the frequency, the greater the equivalent capacitance between the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 202, and the better the surface wave suppression effect of the surface wave suppression structure 204, and the greater the improvement of the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200. Specifically, the radiation efficiency of the surface wave suppression structure 204 for the antenna 200 with a working frequency of 6-8.5GHz can be improved by 15-20%.

[0070] In one embodiment, the antenna unit includes two antennas 200, and the distance between the two antennas 200 is about 50mm. The specific arrangement of the two antennas 200 can be set as required, and preferably, the following arrangements can be selected:

[0071] First, the top end of the fan-shaped structure included in the first radiator 201 of the two antennas 200 faces the same direction, that is, the two antennas 200 face completely consistently, as shown in Figure 4 , so that the directions of the two antennas 200 are consistent. Figure 1

[0072] ​​Second, the top end of the sector structure included by the first radiator 201 of the two antennas 200 faces different directions.

[0073] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 , a fifth glass antenna is provided, the top end of the sector structure included by the first radiator 201 of the two antennas 200 faces away, that is, the second feed point F2 on the second radiator 202 of the two antennas 200 faces to both sides, so that the mutual influence between the two antennas 200 is small.

[0074] As shown in Figure 6 , a sixth glass antenna is provided, the top end of the sector structure included by the first radiator 201 of the two antennas 200 faces, that is, the second feed point F2 on the second radiator 202 of the two antennas 200 faces to the middle, so that the directional pattern of the two antennas 200 can be complementary.

[0075] It can be understood that the top end of the sector structure included by the first radiator 201 of the two antennas 200 faces different directions, and in particular, the top end can also face other directions in addition to the above-mentioned top end facing away and top end facing.

[0076] In this embodiment, the two antennas 200 can realize 360° positioning, so that only two antennas 200 are arranged on the vehicle, which greatly reduces the cost of the vehicle compared with the traditional scheme of arranging 4-5 antennas on the vehicle.

[0077] The application also conducts experimental tests on the antenna 200 in the above-mentioned Figure 4 , and the standing wave ratio curve (horizontal coordinate is frequency, and vertical coordinate is standing wave ratio) of the antenna 200 in the working frequency band of 6-8.5GHz is as shown in Figure 7 It can be seen that the standing wave ratio of the antenna 200 is less than 2, which shows that the gap between the first radiator 201 and the second radiator 200 of the antenna 200 includes multiple gap parts with different widths, and the impedance matching with the short-circuit branch 203 can improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0078] In the case that the distance between the two antennas 200 is 50mm, the isolation curve (horizontal coordinate is frequency, and vertical coordinate is isolation) between the two antennas 200 is as shown in Figure 8 It can be seen that the isolation between the two antennas 200 is less than-30dB, which shows that the mutual interference between the two antennas 200 is small under the action of the surface wave suppression structure 204 suppressing the surface wave, and the isolation between the two antennas 200 is improved. The higher the isolation is, the smaller the space distance required by the antenna in the multi-antenna system is. Compared with the traditional antenna without the surface wave suppression structure 204, the space distance required by the two antennas 200 in the application is about 0.1-0.3λ smaller.

[0079] The radiation efficiency curve (horizontal axis: frequency, vertical axis: radiation efficiency) of the antenna 200 is shown in FIG. 6. As can be seen, the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 is between 60-70%, which is relatively good for the antenna 200 based on the glass substrate. Figure 9

[0080] The horizontal plane radiation pattern of the antenna 200 at a working frequency of 6.5GHz is shown in FIG. 7. The horizontal plane radiation pattern of the antenna 200 at a working frequency of 8GHz is shown in FIG. 8. As can be seen, the horizontal plane level values are all greater than -10dBi, and the horizontal plane omni-directional radiation is good. Figure 10 Figure 11

[0081] In one embodiment, a vehicle is provided, which includes a glass antenna as described in any of the above glass antenna embodiments.

[0082] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, however, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict each other, they should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0083] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, however, it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.​​​

Claims

1. A glass antenna, characterized in that, The glass antenna includes a glass element and at least one antenna element disposed on the glass element, each antenna element including at least one antenna, wherein the antenna includes: A first radiator; the first radiator includes interconnected fan-shaped structures and U-shaped structures, the fan-shaped structure including an arc-shaped top end and a bottom end opposite to the arc; The second radiator is disposed on the same surface as the first radiator on the glass component, and the second radiator is disposed around the outside of the first radiator. There is a gap between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the gap includes multiple gap portions of different widths. A first feed point and a second feed point are respectively disposed on the first radiator and the second radiator. The first feed point is electrically connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, and the second feed point is electrically connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. The first feed point is located at the bottom end, and the second feed point is located at the position where the distance between the second radiator and the top end is the smallest. The antenna also includes a short-circuit stub, the first end of which is connected to the first radiator, and the second end of which is connected to the second radiator.

2. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna also includes a surface wave suppression structure that completely or partially surrounds the second radiator.

3. The glass antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the surface wave suppression structure and the second radiator is 0.5mm-2mm.

4. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first end of the short-circuited stub and the first feed point is 5mm-10mm; and / or, the distance between the second end of the short-circuited stub and the second feed point is 5mm-10mm.

5. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second radiator is a circular ring, an elliptical ring, a polygonal ring, or a rectangle with a circular hole.

6. The glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The antenna unit includes two antennas.

7. The glass antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tops of the fan-shaped structures included in the first radiators of the two antennas point in the same direction; or, The tops of the fan-shaped structures included in the first radiator of the two antennas face different directions.

8. The glass antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the tops of the fan-shaped structures included in the first radiators of the two antennas face different directions, the tops of the fan-shaped structures included in the first radiators of the two antennas are opposite to each other. or, The tops of the fan-shaped structures included in the first radiators of the two antennas face each other.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the glass antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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