Preparation for preventing and controlling Hami melon diseases, application thereof, and method for preventing and controlling Hami melon vine blight and wilt

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation for Hami melon disease control, an application and a method for controlling Hami melon vine blight and wilt, and belongs to the technical field of Hami melon disease control. The active ingredients of the preparation for Hami melon disease control of the invention include fluopicolide and active ingredient X; the active ingredient X is at least one of spiroxabiodinium and pyroquilon; the mass ratio of fluopicolide and active ingredient X is 25:1 to 1:5. The invention uses fungicides with different action mechanisms in combination, which is conducive to reducing the defect that a single agent is prone to drug resistance; secondly, the compounded fungicide has a synergistic effect within a limited ratio range, the dosage per unit area is reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced; in addition, the compounded fungicide of the invention not only has a significant preventive effect on Hami melon vine blight, but also can prevent and control Hami melon wilt, and thus has a good application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of Hami melon disease prevention and control, and specifically relates to a preparation for Hami melon disease prevention and control, an application thereof, and a method for preventing and controlling Hami melon vine blight and wilt. Background Art

[0002] Hami melon vine blight is a serious disease in Hami melon production in recent years. It is also called black rot. It is a soil-borne fungal disease that mainly harms leaves and fruits. When the stems and vines are infected, water-soaked green spots are formed at the stem nodes, which will later turn into reddish-brown irregular necrotic spots. The petioles are infected and rot in a water-soaked state, causing the plants to shrink and fall. When the fruits are infected, brown water-soaked spots will appear, which will later burst in a star shape, causing the melon to rot. The pathogen of this disease belongs to Didymella bryoniae of the Ascomycetes, which is often reported as Mycospharella melonis (synonym) in China; the asexual generation belongs to Ascochyta citrullina of the Ascomycetes. The pathogen can remain in the diseased residues in the soil for a long time, and quickly infects and spreads over a large area under suitable climatic conditions. The incidence rate is usually above 50%, which can cause devastating losses in severe cases.

[0003] Hami melon wilt, commonly known as "wilt disease" and "dead seedling disease", is a fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.melonis. This disease is one of the devastating diseases in Hami melon production. The typical symptom of Hami melon wilt is wilting, which can occur throughout the entire growth period of Hami melon. The disease occurs in seedlings, and the cotyledons wilt or the whole plant wilts and wilts in a sudden drop-off state. The disease occurs after flowering and fruiting. The leaves of the diseased plants gradually wilt, as if they are short of water. It is more obvious at noon, and can still recover in the morning and evening. After a few days, the leaves of the whole plant turn brown, wither and droop, and can no longer return to normal. The leaves dry up and the whole plant dies. The diseased roots are brown and rotten, slightly constricted, and the base of the stems are longitudinally cracked. Amber colloid sometimes overflows from the cracks. Cut the diseased stems longitudinally, and the vascular bundles are yellow-brown.

[0004] At present, the prevention and control of Hami melon diseases mainly relies on chemical agents. However, the long-term use of a single agent and unreasonable application methods make it easy for pathogens to develop drug resistance, resulting in reduced efficacy and disease outbreaks, which in turn increases the use of drugs, forming a vicious cycle, increasing drug costs, and exacerbating environmental pollution. This is also a major problem of chemical control. Therefore, finding new control agents and rationally compounding pesticides with different chemical structures and different mechanisms of action are effective measures to overcome the occurrence of drug resistance. At the same time, it can enhance the prevention effect, reduce the amount of drugs used per unit area, and reduce pollution to the environment.

[0005] Pydiflumetofen (common name: Pydiflumetofen) is a phenyl-ethyl-pyrazole-aromatic amide succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide. It is a new fungicide developed by Syngenta in recent years. Its chemical name is: 3-(difluoromethyl)-N-methoxy-1-methyl-N-[(RS)-1-methyl-2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)ethyl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide, and its molecular formula is C 16 H 16 Cl3F2N3O2. The mechanism of action is: by acting on the pathogen, connecting oxidative phosphorylation and electron transfer hub - succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), leading to tricarboxylic acid cycle (TAC) disorders, hindering the energy metabolism of the pathogen, and then inhibiting the germination of pathogenic fungal spores, the growth of germ tubes and mycelium, leading to the death of the pathogen, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing and controlling diseases.

[0006] Spiroxamine, molecular formula: C 18 H 35 NO2, chemical name: N-ethyl-N-propyl-8-tert-butyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-2-methylamine. It is a systemic foliar fungicide that is particularly effective against powdery mildew.

[0007] Pyroquilon, molecular formula: C 11 H 11 NO is a systemic fungicide. It can inhibit the biosynthesis of melanin in bacteria, making them lose their ability to infect, but it has no therapeutic effect on already infected bacteria. It is currently mainly used to prevent and treat rice blast.

[0008] At present, there is no report on the use of a combination of fluopicolide and spiroxabiocin or fluopicolide and pyraclostrobin for the prevention and control of Hami melon diseases. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a preparation for preventing and controlling Hami melon diseases, and an application thereof, as well as a method for preventing and controlling Hami melon vine blight and wilt.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A preparation for preventing and controlling diseases of Hami melon, wherein the effective ingredients include fluopicolide and an active ingredient X; the active ingredient X is at least one of spiroxabiodinium and pyroquilon; and the mass ratio of fluopicolide to the active ingredient X is 25:1 to 1:5.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, when the active ingredient X is spiroxabiodinium, the mass ratio of fluopicolide to spiroxabiodinium is 10:1 to 1:5; when the active ingredient X is pyroquilon, the mass ratio of fluopicolide to pyroquilon is 25:1 to 2:1; when the active ingredient X is spiroxabiodinium and pyroquilon, the mass ratio of fluopicolide, spiroxabiodinium and pyroquilon is 10:10:1.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the content of the active ingredient accounts for 1-95% of the total amount of the preparation, preferably 10-80%; the rest is conventional pesticide adjuvants.

[0014] Conventional adjuvants in the pesticide may include one or more of carriers, surfactants, solvents, antifreeze agents, disintegrants, protective colloids, adhesives, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrants, stabilizers, chelating agents, film formers, dyes, and colorants.

[0015] In a specific embodiment, the formulation is in the form of water dispersible granules, suspension concentrates, wettable powders, dispersible oil suspensions, suspension seed coatings, suspoemulsions, emulsifiable concentrates, aqueous emulsions, and microemulsions.

[0016] Application of the preparation for preventing and controlling Hami melon diseases in preventing and controlling Hami melon vine blight.

[0017] A method for preventing and controlling Hami melon vine blight comprises the following steps: at the early stage of the Hami melon vine blight, the preparation for preventing and controlling Hami melon diseases is diluted with water and sprayed at a spraying amount of 10 to 30 g / mu. The preparation is sprayed once at the early stage of the disease and then sprayed again after an interval of 10 days.

[0018] Application of the preparation for preventing and controlling Hami melon diseases in preventing and controlling Hami melon wilt.

[0019] A method for preventing and controlling Hami melon wilt disease comprises the following steps: at the early stage of Hami melon wilt disease, the preparation for preventing and controlling Hami melon diseases is diluted with water and sprayed at a spraying amount of 10-20 g / mu, spraying once at the early stage of disease onset and spraying again after an interval of 10 days.

[0020] Advantages of the technical solution of the present invention:

[0021] The present invention uses a compound of fungicides with different action mechanisms, which is beneficial to reducing the defect that a single agent is prone to drug resistance;

[0022] Secondly, the compound fungicide has a synergistic effect within the specified ratio, which reduces the dosage per unit area and reduces the pollution to the environment;

[0023] In addition, the composite fungicide of the present invention not only has a significant preventive effect on Hami melon vine blight, but can also prevent and treat Hami melon wilt, and therefore has a good application prospect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The terms used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, generally have the meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples and with reference to data. The following examples are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the test materials, reagents, and drugs used in the following examples can be purchased through general channels.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Indoor toxicity test of pentocyclam and spiroxabiocin against phytopathogenes

[0029] The pathogen of Hami melon vine blight [Didymella bryoniae (Auersw.) Rehm.] was used as the object to study the fungicidal effects of fluopicolide, spiroxabiodinium and mixtures of fluopicolide and spiroxabiodinium in different mass ratios on the pathogen of Hami melon vine blight.

[0030] The specific operation is to use the plate mycelium growth determination method, prepare the drug-containing PDA solid culture medium according to different treatments, activate the Hami melon vine blight pathogen [Didymella bryoniae (Auersw.) Rehm.], use a puncher to make a mycelium block with a diameter of 5 mm, inoculate it on different drug-containing plates, culture at 25°C, and use the cross method to determine the colony diameter. Each treatment is set to be repeated 5 times, and the group without drug addition is CK (control). The mycelium inhibition growth rate is calculated according to the following formula:

[0031] Mycelium growth inhibition rate (%) = (control colony diameter - treated colony diameter) / (control colony diameter - cake diameter) × 100%

[0032] SPSS 25.0 software was used to calculate the EC values ​​of pentocyclam, spiroxabiocin and the mixture of pentocyclam and spiroxabiocin against the pathogen of Hami melon vine blight. 50 value.

[0033] The interaction of the mixture was evaluated according to the Wadley method, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0034] X1=(P A +P B ) / (P A / A+P B / B) (1)

[0035] In the formula, X1 is the mixed fungicide EC 50Theoretical value mg·L -1 ;P A is the percentage of single drug A in the mixed fungicide; P B is the percentage of single drug B in the mixed fungicide; A and B are the EC values ​​of the two single drugs respectively. 50 Value, mg·L -1 .

[0036] SR=X1 / X2 (2)

[0037] In the formula, X1 is the mixed fungicide EC 50 Theoretical value, mg·L -1 ; X2 is mixed fungicide EC 50 Actual value, mg·L -1 .

[0038] The combined action type of mixed fungicides was evaluated by comparing SR. SR>1.5 was a synergistic effect, 0.5≤SR≤1.5 was an additive effect, and SR<0.5 was an antagonistic effect, thereby evaluating the effect of the agents.

[0039] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] It can be seen from Table 1 that the mixture of fluopicolide and spiroxabiodinium has a good bactericidal effect on Hami melon vine blight. Among them, when fluopicolide and spiroxabiodinium are compounded in a mass ratio of 10:1 to 1:5, the synergistic coefficient SR is greater than 1.5, which has a synergistic effect.

[0041] Table 1 Indoor toxicity test of fluopicolide and spiroxafil against phytopathogenes

[0042]

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Indoor toxicity test of pentoquinoline and pyroquilon against phytopathogenes

[0045] The method is the same as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0046] It can be seen from Table 2 that the mixture of fluopicolide and pyroquilon has a good bactericidal effect on Hami melon vine blight. Among them, when fluopicolide and pyroquilon are compounded in a mass ratio of 2:1 to 25:1, the synergistic coefficient SR is greater than 1.5, which has a synergistic effect.

[0047] Table 2 Indoor toxicity test of fluopicolide and pyroquilon against phytopathogenes

[0048]

[0049] Example 3

[0050] A water dispersible granule of fluopicolide and spiroxabiocin, comprising the following components by mass percentage:

[0051] Fluopicolide 10%, spiroxabiodinium 10%, sodium lignin sulfonate 6%, sodium methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate 2%, polyvinyl alcohol 2%, ammonium sulfate 5%, white carbon black 15%, kaolin to make up to 100%.

[0052] The preparation method is as follows: after the above components are uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion, the particles are pulverized by air flow to a particle size of 5 μm, a small amount of purified water is added to moisten the particles, the particles are extruded and granulated, and the particles are dried to obtain the product.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] A suspension concentrate of fluopicolide and pyroquilon, comprising the following components in percentage by mass:

[0055] Fluopicolide 20%, pyroquilone 2%, sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 5%, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether 3%, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 5%, sodium lauryl sulfate 3%, xanthan gum 1.5%, ethylene glycol 4%, water to 100%.

[0056] The preparation method is as follows: after the above components are uniformly mixed according to a proportion, the mixture is put into a sand mill and ground to a particle size of 5 μm.

[0057] Field control effect of 20% fluopicolide and spiroxafil water dispersible granules on Hami melon vine blight

[0058] In the early stage of Hami melon vine blight, 20% of the fluopicolide and spiroxabiocin water dispersible granules prepared in Example 3 were diluted with water for spraying, and 10% of fluopicolide and 10% of spiroxabiocin pesticide single doses and clean water were used as controls and blank controls, respectively. Spraying was performed once in the early stage of the disease and once again after an interval of 10 days.

[0059] Before applying the pesticide, the base number of the disease index was investigated before the application of the pesticide, and the disease index after the application of the pesticide was investigated 10 days after the second application of the pesticide. Five points were randomly selected in each plot, and three adjacent plants were selected at each point. Three vines were investigated for each plant with a sign, and a total of 15 plants and 45 vines were investigated in each plot. According to the classification standard of Hami melon vine blight (Table 3), the total number of vines investigated in the plot, the total number of diseased vines and the disease grade value were counted, and the disease index and control effect were calculated.

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] In the formula: Ai is the number of diseased vines at level i, i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; M is the total number of vines investigated; CK0 is the disease index of the blank control area before pesticide application; PT0 is the disease index of the drug-treated area before pesticide application; CK1 is the disease index of the blank control area after pesticide application; PT1 is the disease index of the drug-treated area after pesticide application.

[0063] Table 3 Hami melon vine blight disease classification standards

[0064]

[0065] The results are shown in Table 4.

[0066] Table 4 Field efficacy of 20% fluopicolide and spiroxabiocin water dispersible granules against Hami melon vine blight

[0067]

[0068] It can be seen from Table 4 that the control effect of fluopicolide and spiroxabiocin water dispersible granules on Hami melon vine blight is significantly better than that of a single agent, and the dosage of active ingredients is significantly reduced, and the synergistic effect is obvious.

[0069] Field control effect of 22% fluazifop-hydroxyamide and pyroquilon suspension on Hami melon vine blight

[0070] In the early stage of Hami melon vine blight, 22% of the fluopicolide and pyroquilon suspension prepared in Example 4 was diluted with water for spraying, and 20% of fluopicolide and 2% of pyroquilon pesticide single agent and clean water were used as control and blank control, respectively. Spray once in the early stage of the disease and spray again after an interval of 10 days.

[0071] The disease conditions before and after the application of pesticides were investigated, and the disease index and control effect were calculated. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0072] Table 5 Field efficacy of 22% fluazifop-hydroxyamide and pyroquilon suspension against Hami melon vine blight

[0073]

[0074] It can be seen from Table 5 that the control effect of fluopicolide and pyroquilon suspension on Hami melon vine blight is significantly better than that of a single agent, and the dosage of active ingredients is significantly reduced, with obvious synergistic effect.

[0075] Example 5

[0076] A wettable powder containing fluopicolide, spiroxabiocin and pyroquilon, which is composed of the following components in percentage by mass:

[0077] Fluopicolide 20%, spiroxabiodinium 20%, pyroquilon 2%, sodium alkylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 2%, sodium methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate 4%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 3%, white carbon black 20%, kaolin to make up to 100%.

[0078] The preparation method is as follows: after the above components are uniformly mixed according to proportion, the mixture is crushed by an ultrafine grinder to obtain the product.

[0079] At the early stages of Hami melon vine blight and wilt, the wettable powder prepared in Example 5 was diluted with water and sprayed, and 20% of fluopicolide, 20% of spiroxabiocin, 2% of pyroquilon pesticide single agent and clean water were used as controls and blank controls, respectively. Spray once at the early stage of the disease and spray again after an interval of 10 days.

[0080] Grading standards for Hami melon wilt disease:

[0081] Level 0: The whole plant is asymptomatic;

[0082] Level 1: Less than 1 / 4 of the total number of leaves on the whole plant are diseased or less than 1 / 4 of the vascular bundles in the stem turn brown;

[0083] Level 2: More than 1 / 4 of the total number of leaves on the plant are diseased or more than 1 / 4 of the vascular bundles in the stem turn brown;

[0084] Level 3: More than 1 / 2 of the total number of leaves on the plant are diseased or more than 1 / 2 of the vascular bundles in the stem turn brown;

[0085] Level 4: The vascular bundles of the entire plant turn brown or die.

[0086] The disease conditions before and after the application of pesticides were investigated, and the disease index and control effect were calculated. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0087] Table 6 Field control effect of the wettable powder of Example 5 on Hami melon vine blight and wilt

[0088]

[0089] As shown in Table 6, the wettable powder of Example 5 has a good control effect not only on Hami melon vine blight, but also on Hami melon wilt. Moreover, the control effect of the wettable powder is better than that of a single pesticide.

[0090] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the above disclosed technical content to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of a preparation for preventing and controlling Hami melon vine blight in preventing and controlling Hami melon vine blight, characterized in that: The active ingredients of the preparation for preventing and controlling Hami melon vine blight are fluopicolide and active ingredient X; the active ingredient X is one of spiroxabiodinium and pyroquilone; When the active ingredient X is spiroxabiodinium, the mass ratio of fluopicolide to spiroxabiodinium is 10:1-1:5; when the active ingredient X is pyroquilon, the mass ratio of fluopicolide to pyroquilon is 25:1-2:1; The content of active ingredients accounts for 1-95% of the total preparation; The dosage form of the preparation is one of water dispersible granules, suspensions, wettable powders, dispersible oil suspensions, suspension seed coatings, suspoemulsions, emulsifiable concentrates, aqueous emulsions and microemulsions.

2. A method for preventing and treating Hami melon vine blight, characterized in that: In the early stage of Hami melon vine blight, use the preparation for Hami melon vine blight prevention and control to spray with water, the spraying amount is 10-30g / mu, spray once in the early stage of the disease, and spray again after an interval of 10 days; The active ingredients of the preparation for preventing and controlling Hami melon vine blight are fluopicolide and active ingredient X; the active ingredient X is one of spiroxabiodinium and pyroquilone; When the active ingredient X is spiroxabiodinium, the mass ratio of fluopicolide to spiroxabiodinium is 10:1-1:5; when the active ingredient X is pyroquilon, the mass ratio of fluopicolide to pyroquilon is 25:1-2:1; The content of active ingredients accounts for 1-95% of the total preparation; The dosage form of the preparation is one of water dispersible granules, suspensions, wettable powders, dispersible oil suspensions, suspension seed coatings, suspoemulsions, emulsifiable concentrates, aqueous emulsions and microemulsions.

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