Simulation apparatus and method for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year

Abstract

This invention discloses a simulation device and method for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year. The simulation device includes a dark box containing a planting box. The planting box has multiple planting zones, each containing river or lake sediment with submerged plants of different water depths planted on it. The dark box contains a water temperature regulator, a water pump, an underwater camera, and a water quality detector. A dark top cover is placed over the top opening of the dark box. A light control generator is located in the center of the inner top surface of the dark top cover, controlling and emitting simulated incident light intensity. A dimming plate is located below the light control generator on the dark top cover, simulating the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the water level rise. This invention can accurately simulate the impact of winter water level rise on the germination and growth of submerged plants in the following year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aquatic ecology technology, specifically relating to a simulation device and method for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year. Background Technology

[0002] Due to various human-controlled purposes, such as maintaining landscape water levels and efficient water resource utilization, the water levels of some rivers and reservoirs deviate from the natural rhythm during winter and early spring. They are artificially raised and maintained at high water levels, thus losing the improvement of anaerobic conditions in the bottom sediment caused by the exposure and drying of the beach when the water level drops. This is not conducive to the germination of plants in spring. At the same time, the high water level in winter, compared with the natural medium and low water level, reduces the underwater light intensity to a certain extent, which will cause delayed germination and a decrease in the germination rate of submerged plants in spring.

[0003] To quantify the direct, indirect, and cumulative effects of unnatural winter water level rise on submerged plants, and to comprehensively consider factors such as water level, bottom sediment, air temperature, and water temperature, accurately simulate the changes in underwater light intensity caused by water level rise, and obtain timely feedback results from submerged plants on underwater light intensity, has become an important challenge facing current ecological restoration engineering technologies.

[0004] Given that most common plant cultivation boxes and all-weather growth boxes are used for plant germination, and the growth medium is agar and culture medium, which are not natural bottom mud or natural water bodies, they cannot accurately simulate and monitor the visible characteristics and physicochemical indicators of submerged plant germination, survival, growth and even diffusion under the environmental conditions of underwater light intensity change after the water level rises in winter. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a simulation device and method for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, which can accurately simulate the impact of winter water level rise on the germination and growth of submerged plants in the following year.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0007] A device for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year includes a dark box containing a planting box. The planting box has multiple planting zones, each containing a layer of river or lake sediment of the same thickness, but with different top heights of the sediment. Submerged plants are planted on the sediment in each planting zone, resulting in different water depths for the plants. The dark box also includes a water temperature regulator, a water pump, an underwater camera, and a water quality detector. A dark top cover is installed at the top opening of the body. A light control generator is provided in the middle of the inner top surface of the dark top cover. It is used to control and emit simulated incident light intensity based on the incident light intensity and incident light duration of the test site during the day and night in late winter and early spring according to statistical analysis and calculation. A dimming plate is provided on the dark top cover below the light control generator. The dimming plate is used to adjust the emitted simulated incident light intensity according to the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the test water body, and simulate the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the output water level is raised in the dark box.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple planting zones are arranged side by side from left to right in the planting box. The bottom surface of the leftmost planting zone is directly covered with river and lake bottom mud, while the bottom surfaces of the other planting zones are filled with pads of different thicknesses. The river and lake bottom mud in the other planting zones is laid on the corresponding pads, so that the top height of the river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone gradually increases from left to right.

[0009] Furthermore, the light control generator includes a light source and a light controller. The light source includes multiple LEDs with different luminous intensities. The light controller is used to adjust the brightness and color temperature of each LED to match the simulated incident light intensity emitted by the light source with the incident light intensity during the day and night of the historical late winter and early spring in the experimental site. Each planting zone is equipped with an underwater light sensor located near the top surface of the river and lake bottom sediment to monitor the actual underwater light intensity in the corresponding planting zone. The dimming plate is used to adjust the emitted simulated incident light intensity based on the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the experimental water body and the actual underwater light intensity in the planting zone with the highest top surface of the river and lake bottom sediment, and to simulate the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the water level rises in the dark box.

[0010] Furthermore, the dark box includes a heat-insulating outer dark box with an opening at the top, and a heat-insulating inner box with an opening at the top is placed inside the heat-insulating outer dark box. The top height of the heat-insulating inner box is lower than the top height of the heat-insulating outer dark box. The gap between the inner side of the heat-insulating outer dark box and the outer side of the heat-insulating inner box forms an inner and outer box cavity. The shape and structure of the planting box are adapted to the shape and structure of the heat-insulating inner box and are placed at the bottom of the inner heat-insulating inner box.

[0011] Furthermore, a main upright is fixed inside the cavity of the inner and outer shells, and an outer secondary upright is fixed on the main upright, which is located inside the cavity of the inner and outer shells. A temperature regulator and a humidity regulator are fixed on the outer secondary upright. A rotating crossbar is also provided on the upper part of the main upright, which can rotate around the main upright and is located above the heat-insulating inner shell. An inner secondary upright is fixed at the lower end of the rotating crossbar, which is located inside the heat-insulating inner shell. The water temperature regulator, water pump, underwater camera and water quality detector are all fixed on the inner secondary upright.

[0012] Furthermore, a rotating sleeve is fixed to one end of the rotating crossbar. The rotating sleeve is sleeved on the main upright and rotatably connected to the main upright. A semi-cylindrical anti-rotation device is wrapped around the outside of the rotating sleeve. The anti-rotation device is provided with multiple anti-rotation blocks, and each anti-rotation block is pressed against the main upright.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer secondary upright is fixed to the main upright by an outer crossbar, and an inner crossbar is fixed to the lower end of the inner secondary upright. The water temperature regulator, water pump, underwater camera and water quality detector are all fixed to the inner crossbar.

[0014] Furthermore, the concealed top cover includes an outer heat-insulating concealed cover and an inner heat-insulating cover; the outer heat-insulating concealed cover includes an integrally connected spherical outer heat-insulating concealed cover and a flat outer heat-insulating concealed cover, the flat outer heat-insulating concealed cover being located around the edge of the spherical outer heat-insulating concealed cover; the inner heat-insulating cover has the same structure as the outer heat-insulating concealed cover and is fixed to the lower side of the outer heat-insulating concealed cover, the inner heat-insulating cover includes a spherical inner heat-insulating cover directly below the spherical outer heat-insulating concealed cover and a flat inner heat-insulating cover directly below the flat outer heat-insulating concealed cover, the gap between the outer heat-insulating concealed cover and the inner heat-insulating cover forms an inner and outer cover cavity; the light control generator is fixed at the center of the inner top surface of the inner spherical inner heat-insulating cover; the dimming plate is horizontally arranged.

[0015] A method for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, using the aforementioned simulation device for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year. When adjusting the bottom height within each planting zone cannot simulate the situation of winter water level rise, the simulation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Place the planting box at the bottom of the dark box, lay river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone, and plant submerged plants on the river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone.

[0017] S2. The light control generator controls and emits simulated incident light intensity based on the incident light intensity and incident duration of the day and night in the late winter and early spring of the test site, which are statistically analyzed and calculated. The dimming plate adjusts the emitted simulated incident light intensity according to the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the test water body, and simulates the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the water level is raised in the dark box.

[0018] S3. Add test water into the dark box using the water pump and raise the water level to a predetermined height, with the submerged plants in each planting zone at different water depths.

[0019] S4. Adjust the water temperature inside the dark box by the water temperature regulator to simulate the water temperature conditions in late winter and early spring of the test site, and detect the water quality inside the dark box by the water quality detector.

[0020] S5. Close the dark top cover and monitor the growth of submerged plants in each planting area through the underwater camera to determine the impact of different water level rises in late winter and early spring on the growth of submerged plants.

[0021] A method for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, using the aforementioned simulation device for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, wherein when the situation of winter water level rise can be simulated by adjusting the bottom height of each planting zone, the simulation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] 1) First, adjust the bottom height of each planting zone, then place the planting box at the bottom of the dark box, and lay river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone. The top height of the river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone is different, and plant submerged plants on the river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone.

[0023] 2) The light control generator adjusts and emits simulated incident light intensity into the dark box based on the incident light intensity and incident light duration of the day and night in the historical late winter and early spring of the test site, which are statistically analyzed and calculated.

[0024] 3) The water pump is used to add test water into the dark box and raise the water level to a predetermined height, and the submerged plants in each planting zone are at different water depths;

[0025] 4) The water temperature inside the dark chamber is adjusted by the water temperature regulator to simulate the water temperature conditions at the test site in late winter and early spring, and the water quality inside the dark chamber is detected by the water quality detector.

[0026] 5) Close the dark top cover and monitor the growth of submerged plants in each planting area through the underwater camera to determine the impact of different water level rises in late winter and early spring on the growth of submerged plants.

[0027] Furthermore,

[0028] In step S1: the quality of the river and lake bottom mud laid in each planting zone is the same, and the submerged plants planted on the river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone are the same.

[0029] In step S2: the duration of simulated incident light intensity is matched with the duration of incident light intensity during the day and night in the historical late winter and early spring of the test site, and the adjustment duration of the dimming plate is equal to the duration of the water level rise.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] In this invention, when simulating the impact of winter water level rise on the germination and growth of submerged plants in the following year, if adjusting the bottom height of each planting zone cannot simulate the winter water level rise, the simulation method is as follows: The planting box is placed at the bottom of a dark box, river and lake bottom mud is laid in each planting zone, and submerged plants are planted on the river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone; the light control generator, based on statistical analysis and calculation of the historical daytime and nighttime light intensity and duration of the experimental site in late winter and early spring, regulates and emits simulated incident light intensity; the dimming plate adjusts the emitted light intensity according to the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the experimental water body. The intensity of the emitted simulated incident light was adjusted to simulate the equivalent incident light intensity underwater after the water level in the dark chamber was raised. Test water was added to the dark chamber using a water pump, and the water level was raised to a predetermined height, with different water depths for submerged plants in each planting zone. The water temperature in the dark chamber was adjusted using a water temperature regulator to simulate the water temperature conditions in late winter and early spring of the test site, and the water quality in the dark chamber was detected using a water quality detector. The dark chamber cover was closed, and the growth of submerged plants in each planting zone was monitored using an underwater camera to determine the impact of different water level rises in late winter and early spring on the growth of submerged plants. This invention simulates the equivalent incident light intensity underwater after a rise in water level by setting up a light control generator and a dimming plate. The equivalent incident light intensity is used to replace the actual rise in water level. This invention's simulation device for the impact of water level rise in late winter and early spring on submerged plants in the following year can accurately simulate the effect of water level rise on the germination and growth of submerged plants in the following year. It can also accurately simulate the effect of the duration of water level rise on the germination and growth of submerged plants, and simulate the effect of different water level rises in late winter and early spring on the germination and growth of submerged plants. This invention can synergistically consider the effects of water level and water temperature on the germination and growth of submerged plants, providing more accurate simulation results for environmental simulation technology, helping to improve the accuracy and reliability of environmental simulation, providing a deeper theoretical basis for the ecological research of submerged plants, helping researchers to better understand the growth and development patterns of submerged plants under fluctuating water levels, providing a scientific basis for aquatic ecological environment protection, and contributing to the protection and restoration of the aquatic ecological environment.

[0032] In this invention, when simulating the impact of winter water level rise on the germination and growth of submerged plants in the following year, if the winter water level rise can be simulated by adjusting the bottom height of each planting zone, the simulation method is as follows: First, adjust the bottom height of each planting zone; then, place the planting box at the bottom of the dark box; and lay river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone, wherein the top height of the river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone is different; and plant submerged plants on the river and lake bottom mud in each planting zone; the light control generator calculates the historical daytime light at the end of winter and beginning of spring in the experimental site based on statistical analysis. The intensity and duration of daylight illumination are controlled to simulate the intensity of the incident light emitted into the dark chamber. Test water is added to the dark chamber via a water pump, raising the water level to a predetermined height, with different water depths for submerged plants in each planting zone. The water temperature in the dark chamber is adjusted using a water temperature regulator to simulate the water temperature conditions of the experimental site in late winter and early spring, and the water quality is monitored using a water quality detector. The dark chamber lid is closed, and an underwater camera monitors the growth of submerged plants in each planting zone to determine the impact of different water level rises in late winter and early spring on the growth of submerged plants. This method only requires adjusting the bottom height of each planting zone to adjust the water depth of the submerged plants, simulating different water level rises in late winter and early spring, without the need for a dimmer panel to adjust the simulated incident light intensity, making it simpler and more convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the simulation device for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, as described in this invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the concealed top cover.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the planting box;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure for installing a water pump and a water quality detector.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the diagram: 1. Dark box; 101. Thermal insulation outer dark box; 102. Thermal insulation inner box; 103. Cavity between inner and outer boxes; 201. Planting box; 202. River / lake bottom mud; 203. Submerged plants; 204. Subgrade; 301. Water pump; 302. Water quality detector; 303. Temperature regulator; 304. Humidity regulator; 4. Dark top cover; 401. Thermal insulation outer dark cover; 40101. Thermal insulation outer spherical cover. Concealed cover, 40102, heat-insulating outer layer flat concealed cover, 402, heat-insulating inner layer cover, 40201, heat-insulating inner layer spherical cover, 40202, heat-insulating inner layer flat cover, 403, inner and outer layer cover cavity, 5, light control generator, 6, dimming plate, 701, main upright, 702, outer secondary upright, 703, rotating crossbar, 704, inner secondary upright, 705, rotating sleeve, 706, anti-rotation device, 707, outer crossbar, 708, inner crossbar. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] like Figures 1-4As shown, a simulation device for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants 203 in the following year includes a dark box 1, inside which a planting box 201 is placed. The planting box 201 has multiple planting sections, each with a layer of river / lake bottom sediment 202 of the same thickness, but the top surface of the sediment 202 in each section is at a different height. Submerged plants 203 are planted on the sediment 202 in each planting section, resulting in different water depths for the submerged plants 203 in each section. The dark box 1 is equipped with a water temperature regulator, a water pump 301, an underwater camera, and... Water quality detector 302; A dark top cover 4 is installed at the top opening of the dark box 1. A light control generator 5 is installed in the middle of the inner top surface of the dark top cover 4. It is used to control and emit simulated incident light intensity based on the incident light intensity and incident duration of the day and night in the late winter and early spring of the test site, which are statistically analyzed and calculated. A dimming plate 6 is installed on the dark top cover 4 below the light control generator 5. The dimming plate 6 is used to adjust the emitted simulated incident light intensity according to the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the test water body, and to simulate the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the output water level in the dark box 1 is raised.

[0041] In this invention, when adjusting the bottom height within each planting zone fails to simulate the rise in water level during winter, the equivalent incident light intensity underwater after the water level rise is simulated by setting the light control generator 5 and the dimming plate 6. This equivalent incident light intensity is used to replace the actual water level rise. The simulation device for the impact of late winter / early spring water level rise on the germination and growth of submerged plant 203 in the following year, as described in this invention, can accurately simulate the effect of late winter / early spring water level rise on the germination and growth of submerged plant 203 in the following year, and can also accurately simulate the effect of the duration of the water level rise on the germination and growth of submerged plant 203. This invention can simulate the effects of varying water level rises in late winter and early spring on the germination and growth of submerged plant 203. It can comprehensively consider the influence of water level and water temperature on the germination and growth of submerged plant 203, providing more accurate simulation results for environmental simulation technology, helping to improve the accuracy and reliability of environmental simulation, providing a deeper theoretical basis for the ecological research of submerged plant 203, helping researchers to better understand the growth and development patterns of submerged plant 203 under fluctuating water levels, providing a scientific basis for aquatic ecological environment protection, and contributing to the protection and restoration of aquatic ecological environment.

[0042] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, multiple planting zones are arranged side by side from left to right in the planting box 201. The bottom surface of the leftmost planting zone is directly covered with river and lake bottom mud 202. The bottom surfaces of the other planting zones are filled with pads 204 of different thicknesses. The river and lake bottom mud 202 in the other planting zones is laid on the corresponding pads 204, so that the top height of the river and lake bottom mud 202 in the various planting zones gradually increases from left to right, and the water depth of the submerged plants 203 in the various planting zones gradually decreases from left to right.

[0043] The light control generator 5 includes a light source and a light controller. The light source includes multiple LEDs with different luminous intensities. The light controller is used to adjust the brightness and color temperature of each LED to match the simulated incident light intensity emitted by the light source with the incident light intensity during the day and night of the historical late winter and early spring in the experimental site. Each planting zone is equipped with an underwater light sensor near the top surface of the river and lake bottom sediment 202 to monitor the actual underwater light intensity in the corresponding planting zone. The dimming plate 6 is used to adjust the emitted simulated incident light intensity according to the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the experimental water body and in combination with the actual underwater light intensity in the rightmost planting zone, and to simulate the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the water level rises in the dark box 1.

[0044] By using the light control generator 5, the dimming plate 6, and the underwater light sensor, the weakening of underwater light intensity caused by the rise in water level after sunlight enters a natural water body can be accurately simulated. This allows for a more accurate understanding of the relationship between the weakening of underwater light intensity and the germination and growth of submerged plants 203. Furthermore, this invention can precisely control the equivalent incident light intensity. In addition, considering the different water depths of the submerged plants 203 in each planting zone, the impact of varying water level changes on the weakening of underwater light intensity can be studied simultaneously. This allows for a deeper understanding of the mechanism by which the weakening of underwater light intensity caused by the rise in water level during a specific period affects the germination and growth of submerged plants 203.

[0045] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the dark box 1 includes an outer dark box 101 with a top opening and a heat-insulating outer box 101. An inner dark box 102 with a top opening is placed inside the outer dark box 101. The top height of the inner dark box 102 is lower than the top height of the outer dark box 101. The gap between the inner side of the outer dark box 101 and the outer side of the inner dark box 102 forms an inner and outer box cavity 103. The shape and structure of the planting box 201 are adapted to the shape and structure of the inner dark box 102 and are placed at the bottom of the inner dark box 102. The outer heat-insulating box 101 is 130cm long, 50cm wide, and 150cm high. The inner heat-insulating box 102 is 120cm long, 40cm wide, and 125cm high. The planting box 201 is 120cm long, 40cm wide, and 36cm high. There are four planting zones. The top height of the river and lake bottom mud 202 in each planting zone is controlled between 20-35cm, and the thickness of the river and lake bottom mud 202 in each planting zone is controlled between 10-18cm.

[0046] In this way, the heat-insulating inner box 102 can provide heat insulation for the submerged plants 203 planted on the river and lake bottom mud 202 in the planting box 201, while the heat-insulating outer dark box 101 can further provide heat insulation for the submerged plants 203. The heat-insulating inner box 102 and the heat-insulating outer dark box 101 work together to improve the heat insulation of the dark box 1. Moreover, the heat-insulating outer dark box 101 is opaque, which can prevent the influence of external sunlight on the underwater light intensity.

[0047] Preferably, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a main upright 701 is fixed inside the inner and outer box cavity 103. An outer secondary upright 702, located inside the inner and outer box cavity 103, is fixed on the main upright 701. A temperature regulator 303 and a humidity regulator 304 are fixed on the outer secondary upright 702. A rotating crossbar 703, which can rotate around the main upright 701 and is located above the heat-insulating inner box 102, is also provided on the upper part of the main upright 701. An inner secondary upright 704, located inside the heat-insulating inner box 102, is fixed at the lower end of the rotating crossbar 703. The water temperature regulator, water pump 301, underwater camera, and water quality detector 302 are all fixed on the inner secondary upright 704.

[0048] This allows for the installation of a temperature regulator 303 and a humidity regulator 304 within the inner and outer chamber cavities 103, facilitating the adjustment of temperature and humidity within the inner insulation chamber 102. Furthermore, since the top of the inner insulation chamber 102 is lower than the top of the outer insulation chamber 101, a rotating crossbar 703 can be installed on the upper part of the main support 701, positioned above the inner insulation chamber 102 and below the outer insulation chamber 101. The rotating crossbar 703 rotates around the main support 701 at a certain angle, causing the inner secondary support 704 to rotate to one side within the inner insulation chamber 102. This prevents the water temperature regulator, water pump 301, underwater camera, and water quality detector 302 on the inner secondary support 704 from blocking the equivalent incident light intensity output to the inner insulation chamber 102.

[0049] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, a rotating sleeve 705 is fixed to one end of the rotating crossbar 703. The rotating sleeve 705 is sleeved on the main upright 701 and rotatably connected to the main upright 701. A semi-cylindrical anti-rotation device 706 is wrapped around the outside of the rotating sleeve 705. The anti-rotation device 706 is provided with multiple anti-rotation blocks, and each anti-rotation block is pressed against the main upright 701. In this way, when the rotating crossbar 703 rotates around the main upright 701 by a certain angle, the anti-rotation device 706 covering the outside of the rotating sleeve 705 and the action of the multiple anti-rotation blocks prevent the rotating crossbar 703 from continuing to rotate around the main upright 701.

[0050] Preferably, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer secondary upright 702 is fixed to the main upright 701 by the outer crossbar 707, and the lower end of the inner secondary upright 704 is fixed with the inner crossbar 708. The water temperature regulator, water pump 301, underwater camera and water quality detector 302 are all fixed to the inner crossbar 708; the top of the planting box 201 is provided with multiple hoisting holes.

[0051] Among them, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the concealed top cover 4 includes an outer heat-insulating cover and an inner heat-insulating cover; the outer heat-insulating cover includes an integrally connected spherical outer heat-insulating cover 40101 and a flat outer heat-insulating cover 40102, with the flat outer heat-insulating cover 40102 located around the edge of the spherical outer heat-insulating cover 40101; the inner heat-insulating cover has the same structure as the outer heat-insulating cover and is fixed to the underside of the outer heat-insulating cover, providing heat insulation. The inner cover includes a heat-insulating inner spherical cover 40201 located directly below the heat-insulating outer spherical cover 40101 and a heat-insulating inner flat cover 40202 located directly below the heat-insulating outer flat cover 40102. The gap between the heat-insulating outer cover and the heat-insulating inner cover forms an inner and outer cover cavity 403. The light control generator 5 is fixed at the center of the inner top surface of the heat-insulating inner spherical cover 40201. The dimming plate 6 is arranged horizontally.

[0052] In this way, the inner heat-insulating cover can provide heat insulation for the submerged plants 203 planted on the river and lake bottom mud 202 inside the planting box 201, while the outer heat-insulating cover can further provide heat insulation for the submerged plants 203. Moreover, the cavity 403 of the inner and outer cover can reduce the heat conduction from the inner heat-insulating cover to the outer heat-insulating cover. The inner heat-insulating cover, the outer heat-insulating cover, and the cavity 403 of the inner and outer cover work together to improve the heat insulation of the cover 4. In addition, the cover 4 is opaque, which can prevent the influence of external sunlight on the underwater light intensity.

[0053] A method for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants 203 in the following year, using the aforementioned simulation device for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants 203 in the following year. When adjusting the bottom height within each planting zone cannot simulate the situation of winter water level rise, the simulation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. Place the planting box 201 at the bottom of the dark box 1, lay river and lake bottom mud 202 of the same quality and thickness in each planting zone, and plant submerged plants 203 on the river and lake bottom mud 202 in each planting zone, wherein the submerged plants 203 planted on the river and lake bottom mud 202 in each planting zone are the same.

[0055] S2, the light control generator 5, based on statistical analysis and calculation of the historical daytime and nighttime light intensity and duration of the test site in late winter and early spring, controls and emits simulated incident light intensity, wherein the incident duration of the simulated incident light intensity is matched with the incident duration of the historical daytime and nighttime light intensity in the test site in late winter and early spring. The dimming plate 6 adjusts the emitted simulated incident light intensity according to the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the test water body, and simulates the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the water level rises in the dark box 1, wherein the adjustment time of the dimming plate 6 is equal to the duration of the water level rise.

[0056] S3. Add test water to the dark box 1 through water pump 301 and raise the water level to a predetermined height, and the submerged plants 203 in each planting zone are at different water depths.

[0057] S4. The water temperature inside the inner insulation box 102 is adjusted by the water temperature regulator, the air temperature inside the inner insulation box 102 is adjusted by the air temperature regulator 303, and the air humidity inside the inner insulation box 102 is adjusted by the humidity regulator 304 to simulate the water temperature, air temperature and air humidity conditions in the test site in late winter and early spring, and the water quality inside the inner insulation box 102 is detected by the water quality detector 302.

[0058] S5. Close the dark top cover 4 and monitor the germination and growth of submerged plants 203 in each planting area through the underwater camera to determine the impact of different changes in underwater light intensity caused by different water level rises in late winter and early spring on the germination and growth of submerged plants 203.

[0059] In this way, by setting up a light control generator and a dimming plate, the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the water level rises is simulated, and the equivalent incident light intensity is used to replace the actual water level rise.

[0060] A method for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, using the aforementioned simulation device for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, wherein when the situation of winter water level rise can be simulated by adjusting the bottom height of each planting zone, the simulation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0061] 1) First, fill the bottom surface of each planting zone with a pad 204 of different thicknesses. Then, place the planting box 201 at the bottom of the dark box 1 and lay river and lake bottom mud 202 of the same quality and thickness on the pad 204 in each planting zone. The top surface of the river and lake bottom mud 202 in each planting zone is different. Submerged plants 203 are planted on the river and lake bottom mud 202 in each planting zone. The submerged plants 203 planted on the river and lake bottom mud 202 in each planting zone are the same.

[0062] 2) The light control generator 5 controls and emits simulated light intensity into the dark box 1 based on the statistical analysis and calculation of the historical daytime and nighttime light intensity of the test site in late winter and early spring. The duration of the simulated light intensity is matched with the duration of the historical daytime and nighttime light intensity of the test site in late winter and early spring.

[0063] 3) Add test water to the dark box 1 through water pump 301 and raise the water level to the predetermined height, and the water depth of the submerged plants 203 in each planting zone is different;

[0064] 4) Adjust the water temperature in the dark chamber 1 by using a water temperature regulator to simulate the water temperature conditions in the experimental site at the end of winter and the beginning of spring, and detect the water quality in the dark chamber 1 by using a water quality detector 302.

[0065] 5) Close the dark top cover 4 and monitor the growth of submerged plants 203 in each planting area through the underwater camera to determine the impact of different water level rises in late winter and early spring on the growth of submerged plants 203.

[0066] This method simply requires filling the bottom surface of each planting zone with a pad layer 204 of different thicknesses to adjust the water depth of the submerged plants 203 in each planting zone, simulating different situations of water level rise in late winter and early spring. It eliminates the need for a light-adjusting panel 6 to adjust the simulated incident light intensity, making it simpler and more convenient.

[0067] In one embodiment, a method for accurately simulating water level fluctuations by adjusting the simulated incident light intensity in the experimental scheme is as follows: Based on the annual Taihu Lake water situation report from 2006 to 2021, statistical analysis was conducted on rainfall and the resulting water level fluctuations, resulting in an average winter water level rise of 0.298m in Taihu Lake. Using a winter water transparency of 0.43 in East Taihu Lake, the empirical formula SD = -ln0.2 × K was applied. -1 In this formula, K represents the underwater light intensity attenuation coefficient, and SD represents the water transparency. The calculated underwater light intensity attenuation coefficient is 3.75m. -1 Then, according to the shading simulation calculation formula K = -z -1 ×ln(Ez / E0), where K represents the underwater light intensity attenuation coefficient, z represents the water level fluctuation range, Ez represents the underwater light intensity at water depth z, and E0 represents the surface light intensity. Based on the above calculation results, adjusting the coverage of the dimming plate to 33% can effectively simulate the change in underwater light intensity caused by water level changes in winter.

[0068] In one embodiment, the method for dynamically simulating the actual distribution of incident light intensity in the test site during late winter and early spring is as follows: The diurnal variation pattern of light intensity during the simulated period in Shanghai during late winter and early spring of 2023 is queried. The simulated period includes sunrise (6:21-6:25), midday (11:57-12:06), and sunset (17:02-17:51). The diurnal variation values ​​and ranges of light intensity are: approximately 300 lux at sunrise and sunset, 0.003-0.3 lux at night, 50-500 lux on cloudy days, and 3000-300000 lux on sunny days. Based on the solar incidence and test location, an organic combination of LED lights with luminous intensities of 1 x 500 μCd, 1 x 100 mCd, 1 x 500 mCd, and 1 x 1000 mCd can meet the test conditions, simulating the smooth variation of light intensity from 50 lux to 3000 lux during the daytime (6:21-11:57 AM), from 3000 lux to 50 lux during the daytime (11:57-5:51 PM), and from 0.003 to 300 lux during the nighttime (5:51-6:21 PM).

[0069] In one embodiment, the actual method for dynamically simulating river and lake bottom sediment 202, plant planting, and water temperature is as follows: A 15cm thick layer of river and lake bottom sediment 202 is laid in each planting section of the planting box 201, and surrounding river water is added. Then, the propagules of five submerged plants 203, namely, goldfish algae, Vallisneria natans, whorled hydrangea, Elodea nuttallii, and Potamogeton crispus, are scattered on the surface of the river and lake bottom sediment 202 in each planting section. 50 propagules of each submerged plant 203 are planted at a spacing of 10×10cm. According to the water temperature monitoring data of the Taihu Lake Basin hydrological station, the average water temperature from December to February in late winter and early spring is 8.8℃, and the simulated water temperature is 9℃.

[0070] In one embodiment, a combined simulation of multiple operating conditions was conducted: four experiments were carried out, one of which did not involve shading and served as a natural light control group. In the other three experiments, the shading plate coverage was adjusted to 27.2%, 45.9%, and 60.5%, respectively. Samples were taken after 1, 3, 7, 15, and 21 days to measure the changes in the germination rate and renewal rate of submerged plants 203 under different underwater light intensities. The results showed that the decrease in underwater light intensity due to rising water levels in winter had little impact on the survival rate of *Ceratophyllum demersum* and *Vallisneria natans*. The survival rate of the experimental group with reduced underwater light intensity due to continuous water level rise for 21 days was 100% compared with the normal light treatment. The survival time of *Potamogeton crispus* under the winter water level rise condition was 19.5 days. With the decrease in underwater light intensity, the final germination rate of *Hydrilla verticillata* decreased by 13% relative to natural light, and the final germination rate of *Vallisneria natans* decreased by 36% relative to natural light. Among these, the severe shading, i.e., adjusting the shading plate coverage... A light shading intensity of 60.5% delayed the germination start time of *Hydrilla verticillata* by 3 days. Light shading (adjusting the shade board coverage to 27.2%) and moderate shading (adjusting the shade board coverage to 45.9%) both delayed the germination start time of *Hydrilla verticillata* by 1 day, indicating minimal impact. Light shading (adjusting the shade board coverage to 27.2%) and moderate shading (adjusting the shade board coverage to 45.9%) both delayed the germination start time of *Vallisneria natans* by 3 days. Heavy shading (adjusting the shade board coverage to 60.5%) delayed the germination start time of *Vallisneria natans* by 7 days.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, characterized in that: The system includes a dark box (1), inside which a planting box (201) is placed. The planting box (201) has multiple planting zones, each containing a layer of lake or river sediment (202) of the same thickness, with different top heights of the sediment layer (202) in each zone. Submerged plants (203) are planted on the sediment layer (202) in each zone, resulting in different water depths for the submerged plants (203) in each zone. The dark box (1) is equipped with a water temperature regulator, a water pump (301), an underwater camera, and a water quality detector (302). A dark top cover (4) is installed at the top opening of the dark box (1). A light control generator (5) is provided in the middle of the inner top surface of the dark top cover (4). It is used to control and emit simulated incident light intensity based on the incident light intensity and incident duration of the day and night in the late winter and early spring of the test site, which are statistically analyzed and calculated. A dimming plate (6) is provided on the dark top cover (4) below the light control generator (5). The dimming plate (6) is used to adjust the emitted simulated incident light intensity according to the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the test water body, and to simulate the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the output water level is raised in the dark box (1). The light control generator (5) includes a light source and a light controller. The light source includes multiple LEDs with different luminous intensities. The light controller is used to adjust the brightness and color temperature of each LED so that the simulated incident light intensity emitted by the light source matches the incident light intensity during the day and night of the test site in the historical late winter and early spring. Each planting zone is equipped with an underwater light sensor at a position near the top surface of the river and lake bottom sediment (202) to monitor the actual underwater light intensity in the corresponding planting zone. The dimming plate (6) is used to adjust the emitted simulated incident light intensity according to the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the test water body and the actual underwater light intensity in the planting zone with the highest top surface height of the river and lake bottom sediment (202), and to simulate the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the output water level of the dark box (1) is raised. The concealed top cover (4) includes an outer heat-insulating concealed cover and an inner heat-insulating cover; the outer heat-insulating concealed cover includes an integrally connected spherical outer heat-insulating concealed cover (40101) and a flat outer heat-insulating concealed cover (40102), the flat outer heat-insulating concealed cover (40102) being located around the edge of the spherical outer heat-insulating concealed cover (40101); the inner heat-insulating cover has the same structure as the outer heat-insulating concealed cover and is fixed to the underside of the outer heat-insulating concealed cover, the inner heat-insulating cover... It includes an inner spherical cover (40201) directly below the outer spherical cover (40101) and an inner flat cover (40202) directly below the outer flat cover (40102). The gap between the outer cover and the inner cover forms an inner and outer cover cavity (403). The light control generator (5) is fixed at the middle of the inner top surface of the inner spherical cover (40201). The dimming plate (6) is arranged horizontally.

2. The simulation device for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: Multiple planting zones are arranged side by side from left to right in the planting box (201). The bottom surface of the leftmost planting zone is directly covered with river and lake bottom mud (202). The bottom surfaces of the other planting zones are filled with pads (204) of different thicknesses. The river and lake bottom mud (202) in the other planting zones are laid on the corresponding pads (204), so that the top surface height of the river and lake bottom mud (202) in each planting zone gradually increases from left to right.

3. The simulation device for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The dark box (1) includes an outer dark box (101) with an open top and a heat-insulating outer box (101). An inner dark box (102) with an open top is placed inside the outer dark box (101). The top height of the inner dark box (102) is lower than the top height of the outer dark box (101). The gap between the inner side of the outer dark box (101) and the outer side of the inner dark box (102) forms an inner and outer box cavity (103). The shape and structure of the planting box (201) are adapted to the shape and structure of the inner dark box (102) and placed at the bottom of the inner dark box (102).

4. The simulation device for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: A main upright (701) is fixed inside the inner and outer layer box cavity (103). An outer secondary upright (702) located inside the inner and outer layer box cavity (103) is fixed on the main upright (701). A temperature regulator (303) and a humidity regulator (304) are fixed on the outer secondary upright (702). A rotating crossbar (703) that can rotate around the main upright (701) and is located above the heat-insulating inner layer box (102) is also provided on the upper part of the main upright (701). The lower end of the rotating crossbar (703) is fixed with an inner crossbar located inside the heat-insulating inner layer box (102). The water temperature regulator, water pump (301), underwater camera and water quality detector (302) are all fixed on the inner secondary pole (704); one end of the rotating crossbar (703) is fixed with a rotating sleeve (705), the rotating sleeve (705) is sleeved on the main pole (701) and rotatably connected to the main pole (701), the outer side of the rotating sleeve (705) is covered with a semi-cylindrical anti-rotation device (706), the anti-rotation device (706) is provided with multiple anti-rotation blocks, and each anti-rotation block is pressed onto the main pole (701).

5. The simulation device for the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that: The outer secondary pole (702) is fixed to the main pole (701) by the outer crossbar (707), and the lower end of the inner secondary pole (704) is fixed with the inner crossbar (708). The water temperature regulator, water pump (301), underwater camera and water quality detector (302) are all fixed to the inner crossbar (708).

6. A method for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, comprising simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, When adjusting the bottom height within each planting zone fails to simulate the rise in water levels during winter, the simulation method specifically includes the following steps: S1. Place the planting box (201) at the bottom of the dark box (1), lay river and lake bottom mud (202) in each planting zone, and plant submerged plants (203) on the river and lake bottom mud (202) in each planting zone. S2. The light control generator (5) controls and emits simulated incident light intensity based on the incident light intensity and incident duration of the day and night in the late winter and early spring of the test site, which are statistically analyzed and calculated. The dimming plate (6) adjusts the emitted simulated incident light intensity according to the underwater light intensity attenuation characteristics of the test water body, and simulates the equivalent incident light intensity of the underwater light intensity after the water level rises in the dark box (1). S3. Add test water to the dark box (1) through the water pump (301) and raise the water level to a predetermined height, and the submerged plants (203) in each planting zone are at different water depths; S4. Adjust the water temperature in the dark box (1) by the water temperature regulator to simulate the water temperature conditions in the test site at the end of winter and the beginning of spring, and detect the water quality in the dark box (1) by the water quality detector (302). S5. Close the dark top cover (4) and monitor the growth of submerged plants (203) in each planting area through the underwater camera to determine the impact of different water level rises in late winter and early spring on the growth of submerged plants (203).

7. A method for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, comprising simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, When adjusting the bottom height within each planting zone can simulate the rise in water levels during winter, the simulation method specifically includes the following steps: 1) First, adjust the bottom height of each planting zone, then place the planting box (201) at the bottom of the dark box (1), and lay river and lake bottom mud (202) in each planting zone. The top height of the river and lake bottom mud (202) in each planting zone is different, and plant submerged plants (203) on the river and lake bottom mud (202) in each planting zone. 2) The light control generator (5) controls and emits simulated incident light intensity into the dark box (1) based on the incident light intensity and incident duration of the day and night in the late winter and early spring of the test site, which are statistically analyzed and calculated. 3) The water pump (301) adds test water to the dark box (1) and raises the water level to a predetermined height, and the submerged plants (203) in each planting zone are at different water depths; 4) Adjust the water temperature in the dark chamber (1) by the water temperature regulator to simulate the water temperature conditions in the test site in late winter and early spring, and detect the water quality in the dark chamber (1) by the water quality detector (302); 5) Close the dark top cover (4) and monitor the growth of submerged plants (203) in each planting area through the underwater camera to determine the impact of different water level rises in late winter and early spring on the growth of submerged plants (203).

8. A method for simulating the impact of winter water level rise on submerged plants in the following year, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that... In step S1: the quality of the river and lake bottom mud (202) laid in each planting zone is the same, and the submerged plants (203) planted on the river and lake bottom mud (202) in each planting zone are the same; In step S2: the duration of simulated incident light intensity is matched with the duration of incident light intensity during the day and night in the historical late winter and early spring of the test site, and the adjustment duration of the dimming plate (6) is equal to the duration of the water level rise.

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