A 3D visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs

Abstract

The present invention provides a three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs, which relates to the technical field of visualization systems. The execution process of the system is as follows: prepare offline resources required by the three-dimensional GIS system, including riverbed measurement point data, and use riverbed measurement point data acquisition equipment to collect riverbed measurement point data, wherein the riverbed measurement point data acquisition equipment includes a measurement point acquisition bracket, a driving mechanism, an ultrasonic detection module, and a verification mechanism; simulate and predict the water level changes in key river sections downstream; intuitively display the water level change process; build a server and interact with a hydrodynamic model calculation program. By combining the hydrodynamic calculation model and the three-dimensional GIS visualization technology, the system realizes the accurate simulation and intuitive display of the water level change process in key river sections downstream, providing a scientific basis and decision-making support for the analysis and judgment of safety risks such as drowning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of visualization systems, and in particular to a three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in a key river section downstream of a cascade reservoir. Background Art

[0002] The hydrodynamic calculation model is a mathematical model used to simulate and predict the movement of water in a river. It is based on the theory of fluid mechanics and the principles of hydrology, taking into account multiple factors such as river terrain, hydrometeorological conditions, and water flow velocity, and uses numerical calculation methods to simulate and calculate water flow movement. The hydrodynamic calculation model is divided into one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional models. Different models are selected for calculation according to the different river morphology and water flow characteristics. Three-dimensional GIS visualization technology is a visualization display technology used in geographic information systems, which interactively displays and analyzes three-dimensional map models and geospatial data. It uses advanced graphics processing and rendering technology to achieve realistic terrain simulation and land object display, providing users with an immersive geospatial experience.

[0003] The existing technology is unable to accurately simulate and intuitively display the water level change process of the key downstream river sections of the cascade reservoirs. Therefore, there is a lack of corresponding technical support when facing special emergency events such as drowning of people in the river downstream of the reservoir and people being trapped. At the same time, when building a digital elevation model of the river section in the conventional solution, it is impossible to quickly and accurately collect data from the riverbed measuring points, the data acquisition process is inefficient, and the digital elevation model finally built is not accurate enough. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. The present invention combines hydrodynamic calculation models and three-dimensional GIS visualization technology to achieve accurate simulation and intuitive display of the water level change process of key downstream river sections, providing a scientific basis and decision-making support for the analysis and judgment of safety risks such as drowning, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the original data.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs, the execution process of the three-dimensional visualization system is as follows: step 1, in the early stage, offline resources required by the three-dimensional GIS system are prepared, the offline resources include river bottom measurement point data, and the river bottom measurement point data acquisition equipment is used to collect the river bottom measurement point data, the river bottom measurement point data acquisition equipment is assembled through the measurement point acquisition bracket, the driving mechanism, the ultrasonic detection module and the verification mechanism, and then installed at the river channel measurement point to collect the river channel measurement point depth data. During the assembly, the driving mechanism and the verification mechanism are respectively installed at the two ends of the measurement point acquisition bracket, and the ultrasonic detection module is controlled to translate at the bottom of the measurement point acquisition bracket. During the translation process, the bottom measurement point data is continuously collected through the ultrasonic probe at the bottom, and after the ultrasonic detection module is placed inside the river channel, the lifting mechanism at the top is lifted and lowered to ensure that the floating plate can float on the water surface, and the first traction rope and the second traction rope are reeled or unreeled by the driving mechanism during the floating process to control the movement of the lifting mechanism and the ultrasonic detection module;

[0006] Step 2: The 3D visualization system simulates and predicts the water level changes of the downstream key river sections through the hydrodynamic calculation model;

[0007] Step 3: The system uses 3D GIS visualization technology to realize intuitive display of water level change process. Cesium3D technology is used to build a realistic 3D map model, and the water level change data is integrated with the terrain model, shore building and tilt data model to realize dynamic display of water level change process;

[0008] Step 4: The system builds a server through the Node.js back-end framework to process front-end requests and interact with the hydrodynamic model calculation program.

[0009] Furthermore, the offline resources also include terrain images, digital elevation model data, shore building models and terrain tilt data models, wherein the digital elevation model also includes digital elevation model data. It is necessary to combine the ground digital elevation model with the riverbed measurement points, interpolate and form a grid through tools such as QGIS and GlobalMapper, and form unified terrain data above and below the water.

[0010] Furthermore, the tilt data models on both sides of the river need to be converted according to the Cesium3D format so that they can be loaded and displayed in the system.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 2, according to factors such as river topography, hydrological and meteorological conditions, and water flow velocity, a suitable one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is selected for calculation to obtain data on water level changes over time. During this process, data exchange and communication are performed between the Node.js server and the hydrodynamic model calculation program through communication intermediaries such as Redis.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 4, the 3D visualization system uses Python to write scripts to process the pre-processing of terrain data, such as grid merging and difference processing of digital elevation model data.

[0013] Furthermore, a slide groove is provided on the inner side of the measuring point collection bracket, and a gap is provided between the slide grooves. A strip hole is opened at one end of the surface of the measuring point collection bracket, and a first traction rope is inserted into the strip hole. A guide wheel is installed on the top of the measuring point collection bracket, and the first traction rope is placed on the top of the guide wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a fixed plate and a motor, a transmission box is arranged on the top of the fixed plate, the motor is installed on one side of the transmission box, plug-in columns are inserted into the surface of the fixed plate, the output end of the motor is connected to a driving shaft, a winding drum is installed on the surface of the driving shaft, and the first traction rope or the second traction rope is respectively wound on the inner side of the winding drum.

[0015] Furthermore, the verification mechanism includes a lifting sleeve and a lifting plate, the lifting sleeve is fixed at the end of the measuring point collection bracket, the lifting plate is embedded in the interior of the lifting sleeve, and a support plate is provided on one side of the bottom of the lifting plate, and a reflective sheet is embedded on the surface of the support plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the ultrasonic detection module includes a float, an ultrasonic probe and a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is installed on the top of the float, the bottom of the float is connected to a controller, and the bottom of the controller is installed with an ultrasonic probe, the ultrasonic probe vertically downwards to continuously collect depth data of measuring points on the bottom of the river, a slide plate is installed on the top of the lifting mechanism, and partition nets are installed at both ends of the bottom of the float.

[0017] Furthermore, sliders are provided at both ends of the slide, rollers are embedded at the bottom of the sliders, and the rollers are pressed on the surface of the slide groove, and the entire slide is embedded in the interior of the measuring point collection bracket, and is fixedly connected to the end of the first traction rope at the top of the slide, and the lifting mechanism includes a lifting rod and a connecting convex plate, the bottom of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the floating plate, and a connecting convex plate is provided at the bottom of the lifting rod, the end of the second traction rope is connected to the connecting convex plate part, and a guide sleeve is provided on one side of the floating plate, and the second traction rope passes through the interior of the second guide sleeve.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] 1. The three-dimensional visualization system of water level inundation in key river sections downstream of the cascade reservoirs can analyze and determine the triggering conditions for potential risks such as trapped or drowned passers-by in key river sections downstream under the peak-shaving mode of the cascade reservoir power stations in different periods, and propose standards for the classification of flow warning levels downstream of the reservoir. It provides technical support for preventing special emergency situations such as drowning and siege of people in the river downstream of the reservoir, prevents personal safety risks to people in the river caused by scheduling changes, and provides strong protection for the safety of people's lives and property.

[0020] 2. In the three-dimensional visualization system of water level inundation in key river sections downstream of the cascade reservoirs, the depth data of multiple measuring points at the riverbed are collected through riverbed measuring point data acquisition equipment. The collection process is more stable and reliable, and can quickly obtain data from multiple depth measuring points on the inner wall of the river channel in addition to the riverbed depth measuring point data, making the final river channel measuring point data more comprehensive and effective.

[0021] 3. The riverbed measuring point data acquisition device provided in the present invention can quickly lift and recover the ultrasonic detection module through a single power system when the measuring point position is changed, thereby improving the protection effect of the detection module and reducing the failure rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in a key river section downstream of a cascade reservoir according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A flow chart of a calculation process of the three-dimensional visualization system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of the riverbed measurement point data acquisition equipment part in the three-dimensional visualization system;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultrasonic detection module in the riverbed measurement point data acquisition equipment;

[0026] Figure 5 This is the structural diagram of the lifting mechanism part of the riverbed measurement point data acquisition equipment;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the verification mechanism part of the riverbed measurement point data acquisition equipment;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a disassembled diagram of the driving mechanism part of the riverbed measurement point data acquisition equipment;

[0029] In the figure: 1. measuring point acquisition bracket; 2. driving mechanism; 3. ultrasonic detection module; 4. verification mechanism; 5. floating plate; 6. partition net; 7. controller; 8. ultrasonic probe; 9. slide plate; 10. slider; 11. roller; 12. notch; 13. first traction rope; 14. lifting mechanism; 15. lifting rod; 16. connecting convex plate; 17. second traction rope; 18. guide sleeve; 19. slide groove; 20. guide wheel; 21. strip hole; 22. lifting sleeve; 23. lifting plate; 24. support plate; 25. reflector; 26. fixing plate; 27. plug-in column; 28. transmission box; 29. ​​motor; 30. drive shaft; 31. winding drum. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 7 ,in, Figure 1 The business server is responsible for data communication with the front-end and data storage; the middleware is responsible for processing data scheduling between the business server and the calculation model; the hydrodynamic model calculation program is responsible for receiving data and outputting calculation results, and Redis is used as data cache between the business server and the middleware.

[0032] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs, the specific execution process of the system is as follows:

[0033] S1. Data preparation

[0034] (1) Image resources

[0035] Satellite images are obtained based on the location of the reservoir and the selected geographic range of the downstream river section. The satellite images are reprojected according to the coordinate system of the water level measurement points. If the accuracy is affected and does not meet the requirements, GIS tools such as QGIS are used for "secondary interpolation" to meet the project requirements.

[0036] The converted image data is segmented and stored in 3D tiles files in hash form, with the highest setting being 18 levels of precision.

[0037] (2) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) resources

[0038] The digital elevation model (DEM) file is obtained in the same range as the image data, and the coordinate system is reprojected and the precision interpolation is performed in the same way. After the processing is completed, no segmentation is performed temporarily until it is integrated with the riverbed terrain.

[0039] (3) Riverbed measurement point integration

[0040] Use GIS tools such as QGIS / Global Mapper for processing. First, import the measured point data to ensure that the coordinate system of the measured point data is the same as that of the image DEM. Create a raster layer based on the imported elevation points, and use the raster merge or raster calculator function to merge the land DEM and underwater DEM layers to form an integrated DEM above and below the water. The merge parameters of the underwater elevation points need to be adjusted repeatedly to form a continuous grid as much as possible.

[0041] After processing, the files are segmented in 3D tiles format, just like the video images, up to 18 levels.

[0042] (4) Oblique photography format conversion

[0043] The oblique photography model in OSGB format is also divided into hash slice files in 3Dtiles format and stored in the same folder as the image and DEM data.

[0044] (5) Data storage and management

[0045] Use Nginx for HTTP access to static files such as images, DEMs, and tilt models. Configure the access path of Nginx, give Nginx read permission to the directory where the files are located, save the configuration file, restart, and access the file location through a browser to verify whether it can be accessed successfully.

[0046] Set the images, DEM, and tilt models to the "imageTiles", "demTiles", and "osgbTiles" folders respectively to distinguish the routing paths.

[0047] S2. Hydrodynamic calculation model

[0048] (1) Requirements analysis: First, analyze the project requirements, including simulation scope, simulation time, boundary conditions, initial conditions, model accuracy requirements, etc. Determine the type of hydrodynamic calculation model and specific calculation method based on the requirements.

[0049] (2) Model design: Design the basic framework and algorithm of the model according to the requirements and selected hydrodynamic calculation model. This includes determining the mathematical equations of the model, discretization methods, boundary condition processing methods, etc. Based on the characteristics of Fortran programming, design the data structure and program framework of the model.

[0050] (3) Coding implementation: Use Fortran language to write the program code of the hydrodynamic calculation model. According to the model design, the mathematical equations and algorithms are converted into Fortran code, including the main program, subroutines and functions. When writing the program, it is necessary to consider the clear structure of the code, modular design, variable naming specifications, etc.

[0051] (4) Numerical solution: Implement the numerical solution part of the model. According to the selected numerical method, write the specific implementation of the numerical solution algorithm, including iterative solution, boundary condition processing, grid generation, etc. In the coding implementation process, attention should be paid to numerical stability and convergence.

[0052] (5) Debugging and verification: Debug and verify the written program to ensure the correctness and reliability of the program. Through simple test cases and comparison verification of measured data, check whether the output results of the program are consistent with expectations. For complex hydrodynamic models, sensitivity analysis and uncertainty analysis may be required to evaluate the robustness and reliability of the model.

[0053] (6) Optimization and performance improvement: Optimize and improve the performance of the program to improve computing efficiency and reduce resource consumption. This includes optimizing algorithms, reducing memory usage, and parallel computing. Select appropriate optimization strategies based on actual conditions to ensure the stability and efficiency of the program during large-scale computing.

[0054] (7) Documentation: Write the user manual and technical documentation for the program, including how to use the program, input and output formats, parameter descriptions, etc. Ensure that users can use and understand the program correctly, and provide technical support and problem solving.

[0055] (8) Deployment and application: Deploy the written hydrodynamic calculation model program to the actual project to perform hydrodynamic simulation and prediction. Adjust the model parameters and calculation settings according to the project requirements and actual conditions, and perform simulation and prediction analysis. Handle abnormal situations and errors during program operation in a timely manner to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results.

[0056] S3 Compute Middleware

[0057] (1) Enter boundary conditions to start calculation:

[0058] The web server receives the user's request, which contains the boundary condition data that needs to be calculated.

[0059] The web server sends the received boundary condition data to the Python middleware.

[0060] (2) Middleware scheduling calculation program:

[0061] After receiving the boundary condition data, the middleware decides which hydrodynamic model calculation program to send the calculation task to based on the preset scheduling algorithm.

[0062] The middleware checks whether the calculation model is currently performing calculations. If so, it waits for idle resources, otherwise it sends the boundary condition data to the calculation program.

[0063] (3) Hydrodynamic model calculation:

[0064] After receiving the boundary condition data, the hydrodynamic model calculation program starts to execute the calculation process of the hydrodynamic model.

[0065] The calculation program executes the corresponding calculation algorithm according to the received boundary condition data and generates the calculation results.

[0066] (4) Calculation completion notification:

[0067] After the hydrodynamic model calculation program completes the calculation, it sends a notification of the completion of the calculation to the middleware.

[0068] After receiving the notification of calculation completion, the middleware forwards the notification to the Web server.

[0069] (5) Calculation result storage (Redis):

[0070] After receiving the notification that the calculation is completed, the Web server requests the calculation result data from the Python middleware.

[0071] The middleware receives the calculation result data from the hydrodynamic model calculation program and stores the result data in the Redis database.

[0072] The web server obtains the calculation result data from the Redis database and returns the result to the user or for further processing.

[0073] (6) Confirmation of resource usage:

[0074] The middleware periodically checks the resource usage of the hydrodynamic model calculation program, including the usage of resources such as CPU, memory, and disk, and whether the calculation model is currently in an idle state.

[0075] (7) Confirmation of calculation model status:

[0076] The middleware periodically checks the status of the hydrodynamic model calculation program, including whether the calculation is in progress, the calculation progress and other information, to ensure the normal execution of the calculation process.

[0077] S4. Web system development

[0078] (1) Front-end development (React):

[0079] (1.1) Component-based development: Use the React framework for component-based development, splitting the page into multiple independent components, each of which is responsible for a specific function or displays specific content. This can improve the reusability and maintainability of the code and make the development process more modular.

[0080] (1.2) Route management: Use React Router to manage the front-end routes and define the jump and navigation rules between pages. Through route configuration, the functions of single-page application (SPA) can be realized to provide a smooth user experience.

[0081] (1.3) State management: Use Redux or Context API to manage the front-end state. By managing state data in a unified way, you can achieve centralized management and sharing of the state, avoiding state dispersion and confusion.

[0082] (1.4) Data interaction: Use Axios or Fetch API to interact with the backend. Get data by sending HTTP requests and update the data on the page. During the request process, you can handle loading status, error handling, etc. to improve user experience.

[0083] (2) Backend development (Node.js):

[0084] (2.1) Server setup: Use the Node.js framework (such as Express.js) to build a backend server that listens to HTTP requests from the frontend and responds to corresponding data or operations.

[0085] (2.2) Database operations: Use SQLite database for data storage and management. Use libraries such as SQLite3 or Sequelize to perform database operations, including adding, deleting, modifying, and querying data.

[0086] (2.3) RESTful API design: Design the RESTful API interface, define the URL and parameters of the interface, and clarify the role and function of the interface. Reasonable design of the API interface can make front-end and back-end development more efficient and collaborative.

[0087] (2.4) User authentication and authorization: Use JWT (JSON Web Token) to implement user authentication and authorization and protect the security of the interface. Ensure the security and legitimacy of data by verifying the identity and permissions of the user.

[0088] (3) Database management (SQLite):

[0089] (3.1) Data storage: Use the SQLite database to store application data, including user information, configuration information, business data, etc. SQLite is a lightweight database engine that is easy to deploy and manage.

[0090] (3.2) Table structure design: Design the database table structure, create appropriate tables according to business needs, and establish relationships between tables. Reasonable table structure design can improve the performance and efficiency of the database.

[0091] (3.3) SQL operation: Use SQL language to perform data addition, deletion, modification and query operations to ensure data integrity and consistency. Reasonable SQL operations can achieve efficient data management and operation.

[0092] (4)Charts display:

[0093] (4.1) Visual display: Use Echarts chart library to realize data visualization, including line chart, bar chart, pie chart, etc. Through chart display, the distribution and trend of data can be intuitively displayed to help users understand and analyze data.

[0094] (4.2) Interactive functions: Use the API provided by Echarts to implement interactive functions of charts, such as data filtering, chart switching, etc. Through interactive functions, users can operate charts more flexibly and improve the efficiency and accuracy of data analysis.

[0095] (5) UI Design (Ant Design):

[0096] (5.1) Component library application: Use the UI component library provided by Ant Design for front-end interface design. AntDesign provides a wealth of UI components, including buttons, tables, forms, navigation bars, etc., which can greatly simplify the interface design and development process.

[0097] (5.2) Style and layout: Use the style and layout components provided by Ant Design to build the structure and style of the overall page. Ant Design provides a unified design specification and component style, making the interface style consistent and beautiful.

[0098] (5.3) Responsive design: Ant Design supports responsive design, which can automatically adjust the interface layout and style according to different devices and screen sizes to provide a good user experience.

[0099] The present embodiment also provides a riverbed measurement point data collection device for collecting riverbed measurement point depth data: the riverbed measurement point data collection device includes a measurement point collection bracket 1, a driving mechanism 2, an ultrasonic detection module 3 and a verification mechanism 4, the driving mechanism 2 and the verification mechanism 4 are respectively installed at the two ends of the measurement point collection bracket 1, the ultrasonic detection module 3 is installed at the bottom of the measurement point collection bracket 1, and an ultrasonic probe 8 is installed at the bottom of the ultrasonic detection module 3, and a lifting mechanism 14 is installed at the top of the ultrasonic detection module 3, the driving mechanism 2 is connected with a first traction rope 13 and a second traction rope 17, and the end of the second traction rope 17 is connected to a part of the lifting mechanism 14. The riverbed measurement point data collection device is used to collect depth data of multiple measurement points at the riverbed, and the collection process is more stable and reliable, and multiple depth measurement point data including the inner wall of the river channel in addition to the riverbed depth measurement point data can be quickly obtained, so that the river channel measurement point data finally obtained is more comprehensive and effective.

[0100] A slide groove 19 is provided on the inner side of the measuring point collection bracket 1, and a gap 12 is provided between the slide grooves 19. A strip hole 21 is opened at one end of the surface of the measuring point collection bracket 1, and a first traction rope 13 is inserted into the strip hole 21. A guide wheel 20 is installed on the top of the measuring point collection bracket 1, and the first traction rope 13 is placed on the top of the guide wheel 20.

[0101] Specifically, the measuring point collection bracket 1 is built on the bank of the river where the measuring points need to be measured, and is partially embedded in the bottom surface of the river bank through the fixing plate 26 and the plug-in column 27, and then the ultrasonic detection module 3 is built. After the installation is completed, the driving mechanism 2 can be started, and the two traction ropes can be driven by the driving mechanism 2 to be reeled or reeled. At this time, the ultrasonic detection module 3 at the bottom can be directly pulled to move along the measuring point collection bracket 1 under the action of the two traction ropes, and the lifting mechanism 14 on the ultrasonic detection module 3 is directly used to ensure that the ultrasonic probe 8 at the bottom of the ultrasonic detection module 3 is vertically embedded under the water surface, and the depth data of the bottom river channel measuring point position is directly obtained through ultrasonic detection technology, and the data is used as the original data of the three-dimensional model.

[0102] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 2 includes a fixed plate 26 and a motor 29. A transmission box 28 is arranged on the top of the fixed plate 26. The motor 29 is installed on one side of the transmission box 28. A plug-in column 27 is inserted into the surface of the fixed plate 26. The output end of the motor 29 is connected to a driving shaft 30. A winding drum 31 is installed on the surface of the driving shaft 30, and the inner side of the winding drum 31 is respectively wound with the first traction rope 13 or the second traction rope 17. The verification mechanism 4 includes a lifting sleeve 22 and a lifting plate 23. The lifting sleeve 22 is fixed at the end of the measuring point collection bracket 1, and the lifting plate 23 is embedded in the interior of the lifting sleeve 22. A support plate 24 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the lifting plate 23, and a reflective sheet 25 is embedded on the surface of the support plate 24.

[0103] Specifically, the driving mechanism 2 drives the entire ultrasonic detection module 3 to move forward and backward through the above-mentioned control process of the traction rope, and detects the changes in the depth data of the measuring point at the bottom of the river channel near the river bank during the movement, until it extends to the end of the measuring point collection bracket 1, and collects the measuring point data at the bottom of the river section. After moving to the very end, the data collected by the ultrasonic detection module 3 in the use state can also be verified by the verification mechanism 4. In this state, since the ultrasonic detection module 3 moves directly to the end, the ultrasonic probe 8 at this time will reflect the emitted ultrasonic wave directly through the reflection plate 25. By comparing the depth data between the ultrasonic probe 8 and the reflection plate 25 obtained by the ultrasonic probe 8 with the actual distance calculated with the current water level, it can be determined whether the depth measurement data of the ultrasonic probe 8 is accurate, thereby achieving the verification effect.

[0104] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic detection module 3 includes a floating plate 5, an ultrasonic probe 8 and a lifting mechanism 14. The lifting mechanism 14 is installed on the top of the floating plate 5. The bottom of the floating plate 5 is connected to the controller 7, and the bottom of the controller 7 is installed with the ultrasonic probe 8. The ultrasonic probe 8 vertically downward continuously collects the depth data of the measuring point at the bottom of the river channel. A slide plate 9 is installed on the top of the lifting mechanism 14. Slide blocks 10 are provided at both ends of the slide plate 9. The bottom of the slide block 10 is embedded with a roller 11, and the roller 11 is pressed on the surface of the slide groove 19. The entire slide plate 9 is embedded in the inside of the measuring point collection bracket 1, and the top of the slide plate 9 is fixedly connected to the end of the first traction rope 13. The lifting mechanism 14 includes a lifting rod 15 and a fixing plate 26. The bottom of the lifting rod 15 is fixedly connected to the surface of the floating plate 5, and the bottom of the lifting rod 15 is provided with a fixing plate 26. The end of the second traction rope 17 is connected to the fixing plate 26 part. A guide sleeve 18 is provided on one side of the floating plate 5, and the second traction rope 17 passes through the inside of the second guide sleeve 18. When the position of the measuring point is changed, the ultrasonic detection module 3 can be quickly lifted and recovered through a single power system, thereby improving the protection effect of the detection module and reducing the failure rate.

[0105] Specifically, after the depth data collection process of the bottom measuring point at the current river section is completed by the ultrasonic detection module 3, the ultrasonic detection module 3 at the bottom is directly pulled toward the river bank by the driving mechanism 2 until the ultrasonic detection module 3 is pulled to the very end. At this time, the motor 29 is continued to be controlled to drive the winding drum 31 to rotate, so that the first traction rope 13 can continue to be wound and released, and the second traction rope 17 can continue to be wound up. At this time, since the ultrasonic detection module 3 can no longer continue to be pulled horizontally, the winding of the second traction rope 17 in this state will cause the bottom connecting convex plate 16 and the floating plate 5 to be pulled up, until the ultrasonic probe 8 and the controller 7 at the bottom are driven to move up, and the lifting rod 15 is retracted, and finally the ultrasonic probe 8 under the water surface is moved out of the water, so as to facilitate the subsequent movement of the entire river bottom measuring point data collection equipment along the river bank, and ensure that the ultrasonic probe 8 is on the water surface during the movement, so as to improve the efficiency of switching the measuring point area. The ultrasonic detection module 3 and the controller 7 are both existing mature technologies and do not belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, their internal structure and principle are not described here.

[0106] The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention.

[0107] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs, characterized in that: The execution process of the three-dimensional visualization system is as follows: Step 1, in the early stage, offline resources required by the three-dimensional GIS system are prepared, and the offline resources include river bottom measurement point data, and the river bottom measurement point data acquisition equipment is used to collect the river bottom measurement point data. The river bottom measurement point data acquisition equipment is assembled through a measurement point acquisition bracket, a driving mechanism, an ultrasonic detection module and a verification mechanism, and then installed at the river channel measurement point to collect the river channel measurement point depth data. During the assembly, the driving mechanism and the verification mechanism are respectively installed at both ends of the measurement point acquisition bracket, and the ultrasonic detection module is controlled to translate at the bottom of the measurement point acquisition bracket. During the translation process, the bottom measurement point data is continuously collected through the ultrasonic probe at the bottom, and after the ultrasonic detection module is placed inside the river channel, the lifting mechanism at the top is lifted and lowered to ensure that the floating plate can float on the water surface, and during the floating process, the first traction rope and the second traction rope are reeled in or unreeled by the driving mechanism to control the movement of the lifting mechanism and the ultrasonic detection module; Step 2: The 3D visualization system simulates and predicts the water level changes of the downstream key river sections through the hydrodynamic calculation model; Step 3: The system uses 3D GIS visualization technology to realize intuitive display of water level change process; Cesium3D technology is used to build a realistic 3D map model, and the water level change data is integrated with the terrain model, shore building and tilt data model to realize dynamic display of water level change process; Step 4: The system builds a server through the Node.js backend framework to process front-end requests and interact with the hydrodynamic model calculation program; The inner side of the measuring point collection bracket is provided with a slide groove, and a gap is provided between the slide grooves. A strip hole is opened at one end of the surface of the measuring point collection bracket, and a first traction rope is inserted into the interior of the strip hole, and a guide wheel is installed on the top of the measuring point collection bracket, and the first traction rope is placed on the top of the guide wheel. The driving mechanism includes a fixed plate and a motor, a transmission box is provided on the top of the fixed plate, and the motor is installed on one side of the transmission box. A plug-in column is inserted through the surface of the fixed plate, and a driving shaft is connected to the output end of the motor, and a winding drum is installed on the surface of the driving shaft, and the first traction rope or the second traction rope is respectively wound on the inner side of the winding drum, and the verification mechanism includes a lifting sleeve and a lifting plate, the lifting sleeve is fixed at the end of the measuring point collection bracket, the lifting plate is embedded in the interior of the lifting sleeve, and a support plate is provided on the bottom side of the lifting plate, and a reflector is embedded on the surface of the support plate. The ultrasonic detection module includes a floating plate, an ultrasonic An ultrasonic probe and a lifting mechanism, wherein the lifting mechanism is installed on the top of a floating plate, a controller is connected to the bottom of the floating plate, and an ultrasonic probe is installed at the bottom of the controller, and the ultrasonic probe vertically downwards to continuously collect depth data of measuring points on the bottom of the river channel, a slide plate is installed on the top of the lifting mechanism, and partition nets are installed at both ends of the bottom of the floating plate, and sliders are provided at both ends of the slide plate, and rollers are embedded at the bottom of the slider, and the rollers are pressed on the surface of the slide groove, and the entire slide plate is embedded in the interior of the measuring point collection bracket, and is fixedly connected to the end of the first traction rope at the top of the slide plate, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting rod and a connecting convex plate, the bottom of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the floating plate, and the bottom of the lifting rod is provided with a connecting convex plate, the end of the second traction rope is connected to the connecting convex plate part, and a guide sleeve is provided on one side of the floating plate, and the second traction rope passes through the inside of the second guide sleeve.

2. A three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The offline resources also include terrain images, digital elevation model data, shore building models and terrain tilt data models, where the digital elevation model also includes digital elevation model data that requires combining the ground digital elevation model with the riverbed measurement points, interpolating and merging the grids through QGIS and GlobalMapper tools, and forming unified terrain data above and below the water.

3. A three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tilt data models on both sides of the strait need to be converted according to the Cesium3D format so that they can be loaded and displayed in the system.

4. The three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the step 2, according to the river topography, hydrological and meteorological conditions and water flow velocity factors, a suitable one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is selected for calculation to obtain the water level change data over time. In this process, the Node.js server and the hydrodynamic model calculation program exchange and communicate data through the Redis communication intermediary.

5. The three-dimensional visualization system for water level inundation in key river sections downstream of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 4, the three-dimensional visualization system uses Python to write scripts to pre-process the terrain data.

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