A composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise

Abstract

The present application relates to rail vibration and noise reduction device technical field, specifically relates to a kind of composite damper for reducing rail vibration and noise, including elastic damping layer connected to rail waist and folding restraint connected to the outside of elastic damping layer, folding restraint and elastic damping layer form folding cavity between, folding cavity includes multiple, which are uniformly arranged along the direction of travel of track and vertical direction of track, liquid particle damping assembly is provided in folding cavity, liquid particle damping assembly includes particle damping shell and damping particle and damping liquid located in particle damping shell, liquid particle damping assembly and elastic damping layer form tuned mass damper unit, both sides and lower part of rail are connected with vibration reduction fastener, and vibration reduction fastener is abutted to the outside end of folding restraint.The composite damper in the present application can improve high-frequency damping noise reduction effect, expand the vibration reduction frequency range, and improve energy loss.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rail vibration and noise reduction equipment, and particularly provides a composite damper for reducing rail vibration and noise. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of rail transportation, the track vibration and noise caused by train operation is increasingly serious, and even interferes with people's life and work, so the application of various track vibration and noise reduction measures is also increasingly common. Wheel-rail rolling noise is the main source of rail transportation noise. Among the measures to solve wheel-rail rolling noise, the rail damper or rail dynamic vibration absorber is the most widely used equipment. This vibration reduction measure is mainly installed on the rail by two ways of sticking and loading, and has the characteristics of convenient modification, remarkable effect, less investment, and quick installation, etc., and has been widely applied, but also has some problems, as follows:

[0003] 1. The commonly used method for reducing rail vibration and noise in the rail damper is to use a constrained damping structure, that is, to form a damping noise reduction device by pasting damping materials on the surface of the rail. When the rail vibrates under the action of wheel-rail force, the damping layer deforms with the rail vibration, generates dynamic stress and shear strain, converts part of the energy into heat energy and dissipates it, and stores another part of the energy in the form of potential energy, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing and attenuating vibration and reducing noise. Although this way is simple, it mainly has noise reduction effect in the high frequency interval above 1000 Hz, and the effect is limited.

[0004] 2. The rail dynamic vibration absorber reduces the vibration amplitude near certain frequencies by a mass-spring unit. The larger the additional mass, the better the effect, but the disadvantage is that the frequency band is relatively narrow, and only a single or two frequency points can be set according to the mass and stiffness value, and the frequency band is also limited.

[0005] In order to avoid the defects and deficiencies of the above-mentioned rail damper or rail dynamic vibration absorber, the product needs to be improved to improve the noise reduction effect of the rail damper and broaden the frequency range of vibration and noise reduction. In view of this improvement requirement, the following patents about rail composite damping vibration absorber appear in the prior art:

[0006] 1. Patent No. "201610250771.5", patent name "a composite particle damper for reducing rail vibration and noise", including two composite particle damper assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rail waist, the composite particle damper assembly includes an elastic damping layer and a particle damper, the elastic damping layer is attached to the rail waist, and the particle damper is attached to the elastic damping layer, including a particle damping container and a particle damping material located in the particle damping container. The invention has the advantages of convenient installation, wide application range, wide frequency band, good high-frequency vibration and noise attenuation effect, etc.

[0007] 2. The invention patent application with the patent number "201910314837.6" and the patent name "Steel rail damper" includes at least one cavity structure, a flowable filler is arranged in the cavity structure, and the cavity structure and the discrete particles jointly constitute a damper. The damper absorbs rail vibration through a dynamic vibration absorber principle on one hand and absorbs rail vibration through a particle damping principle on the other hand. The patent can improve the vibration absorption efficiency and the vibration absorption frequency width of the steel rail damper and produce a better vibration absorption effect.

[0008] Although the above patent can broaden the vibration absorption frequency to a certain extent, the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect is limited based on the structural limitation, the noise reduction frequency range of the product is limited, and it is necessary to further improve the structure and design a composite damping vibration absorber for a steel rail to further improve the high-frequency damping noise reduction effect, improve the energy loss, and expand the frequency range. SUMMARY

[0009] To solve the above problems, the application provides a composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise, which can fully utilize liquid damping and internal particles, effectively absorb rail vibration energy, reduce rail vertical vibration deformation, improve rail vibration reduction and noise reduction effect, and expand the vibration reduction frequency domain.

[0010] The composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise comprises an elastic damping layer connected to the rail waist and a folded restraint connected to the outer side of the elastic damping layer, a folded cavity is formed between the folded restraint and the elastic damping layer, the folded cavity comprises a plurality of folded cavities arranged uniformly along the running direction of the track and the vertical direction of the track, a liquid particle damping assembly is arranged in the folded cavity, and the liquid particle damping assembly and the elastic damping layer jointly form a tuned mass damper unit; a vibration reduction fastener is connected to both sides and the lower part of the rail, and the vibration reduction fastener abuts against the outer side end of the folded restraint.

[0011] Further, the folded restraint comprises a bent folded body, the bent folded body comprises a bent area one protruding toward the side of the elastic damping layer and a bent area two protruding away from the side of the elastic damping layer, and the bent area one and the bent area two are arranged alternately along the vertical direction; the folded cavity is formed by the bent area two and the elastic damping layer.

[0012] Further, the bent area one and the bent area two are both trapezoidal structures, and the folded cavity is a trapezoidal cavity structure matched with the shape of the bent area two.

[0013] Further, the upper end of the uppermost bending area one is provided with an upper connecting area which is upwardly extended, and the lower end of the lowermost bending area one is provided with a lower connecting area which is downwardly extended, the upper connecting area and the lower connecting area are both straight face segments which are perpendicular to the ground; the elastic damping layer comprises an upper flexible segment which is located between the upper connecting area and the rail head of the steel rail, and a lower flexible segment which is located between the lower connecting area and the rail bottom of the steel rail.

[0014] Further, the end face of the bending area one, the upper connecting area and the lower connecting area which is close to the elastic damping layer is provided with a connecting boss which is embedded in the elastic damping layer.

[0015] Further, the liquid particle damping assembly comprises a particle damping shell, and damping particles and damping liquid which are located in the particle damping shell; the particle damping shell is a trapezoidal shell structure which is matched and accommodated in the folding cavity.

[0016] Further, the outer end of the elastic damping layer comprises a linking boss which is accommodated in the bending area two, and the folding cavity is formed by the bending area two and the linking boss.

[0017] Further, the damping fastener comprises a fastening elastic sheet which is abutted to the outer end of the folding restraint, and a fastening bottom plate which is connected to the lower end of the fastening elastic sheet, the fastening bottom plate is located below the rail bottom, and the fastening elastic sheet and the fastening bottom plate are connected by locking bolts which are located on both sides of the rail bottom; an elastic fastener body is arranged between the fastening elastic sheet and the fastening bottom plate, and the elastic fastener body is fastened on both ends of the rail bottom.

[0018] Further, the fastening elastic sheet comprises an abutting segment one which is abutted to the outer end face of the bending area two which is away from the elastic damping layer, and an abutting segment two which is abutted to the upper end of the elastic fastener body, the abutting segment one and the abutting segment two are vertically arranged, the upper end of the abutting segment one and the abutting segment two is provided with a non-equal-thickness reinforcing rib, and the thickness of the reinforcing rib is the largest at the connecting part of the abutting segment one and the abutting segment two.

[0019] Further, the fastening elastic sheet comprises an abutting segment three which is abutted to the lower trapezoidal face of the bending area one, an abutting segment four which is abutted to the outer end face of the bending area two which is away from the elastic damping layer, and an abutting segment five which is abutted to the upper end of the elastic fastener body, the abutting segment four and the abutting segment five are vertically arranged, and the abutting segment three is a bevel structure which is matched with the lower trapezoidal face of the bending area one.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The composite damper in the application, by constructing the folding damping shear structure, from the performance aspect, fully increases the shear area of the damping layer parallel to the longitudinal section of the steel rail, strengthens the shear effect of the damping layer by the overall vertical deformation of the steel rail, improves the damping shear deformation and damping effect of the steel rail, and further improves the vibration and noise reduction effect; from the manufacturing method aspect, the composite damper in the application adopts the injection molding process, the manufacturing method is fast, the structure is simple, and has good popularization and application value.

[0022] 2. The composite damper in the application adopts the liquid particle composite damping structure, through the double effect of liquid damping and particle damping, converts the vibration into particle kinetic energy and liquid damping internal energy through the internal liquid particle damping structure, changes the inherent damping characteristics with the excitation level through the strong nonlinear behavior of particle and liquid damping, can effectively suppress the response level at the resonance peak of the steel rail, broaden the vibration absorption frequency band, and make the vibration reduction effect not affected by the large damping, can improve the energy loss, further expand the vibration frequency range of the product, and improve the overall noise reduction and vibration reduction effect of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic of the composite damper provided according to the embodiment one of the application Figure 1 (axial side view);

[0024] Figure 2 It is the overall structure schematic of the composite damper provided according to the embodiment one of the application Figure 2 (left view);

[0025] Figure 3 It is the overall structure schematic of the composite damper provided according to the embodiment one of the application Figure 3 (front view);

[0026] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 the sectional view schematic in B-B direction;

[0027] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic of the folding constraint provided according to the embodiment one of the application Figure 1 (three-dimensional view);

[0028] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic of the bending body provided according to the embodiment one of the application Figure 2 (left view);

[0029] Figure 7 It is the structure schematic of the elastic damping layer provided according to the embodiment one of the application;

[0030] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid particle damping assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the composite damper provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0032] The reference numerals in the attached drawings include: rail web 1, elastic damping layer 2, folded constraint 3, folded cavity 4, liquid particle damping assembly 5, vibration damping fastener 6, bending zone one 8, bending zone two 9, upper connecting zone 10, lower connecting zone 11, upper flexible section 12, lower flexible section 13, connecting boss 14, particle damping shell 15, damping particles 16, damping liquid 17, connecting platform 18, fastening spring 19, fastening base plate 20, locking bolt 21, elastic fastener body 22, abutting section one 23, abutting section two 24, reinforcing rib 25, abutting section three 26, abutting section four 27, abutting section five 28, rail head 29, rail bottom 30, lower trapezoidal surface 31. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The appendix will be referenced below. Figures 1-9 Embodiments of the present invention are described below. In the following description, the same modules are denoted by the same reference numerals. Where the same reference numerals are used, their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, their detailed description will not be repeated.

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-9 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Example 1

[0035] This implementation example Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise includes an elastic damping layer 2 connected to the rail web 1 and a folded constraint member 3 connected to the outside of the elastic damping layer 2. A folded cavity 4 is formed between the folded constraint member 3 and the elastic damping layer 2. The folded cavity 4 includes multiple components evenly arranged along the rail's travel direction and vertically. A liquid particle damping assembly 5 is disposed within the folded cavity 4. The liquid particle damping assembly 5 and the elastic damping layer 2 together form a tuned mass damping unit. Vibration damping fasteners 6 are connected to both sides and the bottom of the rail, and the vibration damping fasteners 6 abut against the outer ends of the folded constraint member 3. In this embodiment, the rail's travel direction is... Figure 3 The direction indicated by M is the longitudinal direction, and the vertical direction is... Figure 3The cooperation between the folding constraint 3 and the elastic damping layer 2 in the direction perpendicular to the ground, i.e. the direction perpendicular to the ground, can make the shear area of the elastic damping layer 2 in the direction parallel to the longitudinal section of the rail large, the vertical deformation of the whole rail can strengthen the shearing effect of the elastic damping layer 2, and the damping and noise reduction effect can be improved, and the frequency range of damping can be expanded through the liquid particle damping assembly 5.

[0036] The folding constraint 3 comprises a bending folding body, the bending folding body comprises a bending area one 8 protruding towards one side of the elastic damping layer 2 and a bending area two 9 protruding towards the side away from the elastic damping layer 2, the bending area one 8 and the bending area two 9 are arranged alternately along the vertical direction, the folding cavity 4 is formed by the bending area two 9 and the elastic damping layer 2, and specifically, the outer end of the elastic damping layer 2 comprises a linking table 18 accommodated in the bending area two 9, and the folding cavity 4 is surrounded by the bending area two 9 and the linking table 18.

[0037] The bending area one 8 and the bending area two 9 are both trapezoidal structures, the folding cavity 4 is a trapezoidal cavity structure matched with the shape of the bending area two 9, the liquid particle damping assembly 5 comprises a particle damping shell 15 and damping particles 16 and damping liquid 17 located in the particle damping shell 15, and the particle damping shell 15 is a trapezoidal shell structure matched with the folding cavity 4. The trapezoidal structures of the bending area one 8, the bending area two 9 and the particle damping shell 15 can increase the shear area of the elastic damping layer 2 in the direction parallel to the longitudinal section of the rail, strengthen the shearing effect of the elastic damping layer 2, improve the damping effect, and the damping particles 16 will collide and rub when moving in the damping liquid 17, which can convert mechanical energy into heat energy consumption and produce damping effect, and the trapezoidal folding cavity 4 can also improve the shearing deformation ability.

[0038] The upper end of the uppermost bending area one 8 is provided with an upper connecting area 10 upwardly extending, and the lower end of the lowermost bending area one 8 is provided with a lower connecting area 11 downwardly extending, the upper connecting area 10 and the lower connecting area 11 are both straight face segments structures perpendicular to the ground, which can improve the stability of the overall support connection of the folding constraint 3, the elastic damping layer 2 comprises an upper flexible section 12 between the upper connecting area 10 and the rail head 29 and a lower flexible section 13 between the lower connecting area 11 and the rail bottom 30, the upper flexible section 12 and the lower flexible section 13 can protect the folding constraint 3 and prevent wear caused by rigid connection, and can further improve the damping performance.

[0039] The end face of the bending area one 8, the upper connecting area 10 and the lower connecting area 11 close to the elastic damping layer 2 is provided with a connecting boss 14 embedded in the elastic damping layer 2, and the connecting boss 14 can improve the stability of the connection between the folding constraint 3 and the elastic damping layer 2.

[0040] The short straight edge of the bending area one 8 is connected with the elastic damping layer 2, the connecting boss 14 is arranged at the middle of the short straight edge of the bending area one 8, the short straight edge of the bending area two 9 is away from the elastic damping layer 2, that is, the long straight edge of the damping shell 15 of the trapezoidal structure is close to the side of the elastic damping layer 2, so that the shearing area of the elastic damping layer 2 can be increased, and the short straight edge of the damping shell 15 is arranged close to the short straight edge of the bending area one 8. The bending area one 8, the bending area two 9 and the damping shell 15 of the trapezoidal structure are all isosceles trapezoidal structures, the long straight edge and the short straight edge of the bending area one 8, the bending area two 9 and the damping shell 15 are all arranged perpendicularly to the ground, and the waist of the bending area one 8, the bending area two 9 and the damping shell 15 is arranged vertically.

[0041] As shown in Figures 1 to 4 The damping fastener 6 comprises a fastening elastic sheet 19 abutting against the outer side end of the folding restraint member 3 and a fastening bottom plate 20 connected to the lower end of the fastening elastic sheet 19, the fastening bottom plate 20 is located below the rail bottom 30, the fastening elastic sheet 19 and the fastening bottom plate 20 are connected by locking bolts 21 located on both sides of the rail bottom 30, an elastic fastener body 22 is arranged between the fastening elastic sheet 19 and the fastening bottom plate 20, the elastic fastener body 22 is fastened on both side ends of the rail bottom 30, the elastic fastener body 22 can realize damping of the steel rail when the train runs, and the fastening elastic sheet 19 and the fastening bottom plate 20 can lock the elastic fastener body 22 on the steel rail.

[0042] The fastening elastic sheet 19 comprises an abutting section one 23 abutting against the outer end face of the bending area two 9 away from the elastic damping layer 2 and an abutting section two 24 abutting against the upper end of the elastic fastener body 22, the abutting section one 23 abuts against the short straight edge of the bending area two 9, the abutting section one 23 and the abutting section two 24 are arranged perpendicularly, so that the fastening stability of the fastening elastic sheet 19 can be improved, and unequal-thickness reinforcing ribs 25 are arranged at the upper ends of the abutting section one 23 and the abutting section two 24, so that the strength of the fastening elastic sheet 19 can be improved, the thickness of the reinforcing ribs 25 at the connecting part of the abutting section one 23 and the abutting section two 24 is the largest, so that the strength of the fastening elastic sheet 19 can be further improved, and the fastening elastic sheet 19 is relatively simple to process in the embodiment. Meanwhile, the injection molding process is adopted in the application. Embodiment two

[0043] The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment one is that, as shown in Figure 9 The fastening elastic sheet 19 comprises an abutting section three 26 abutting against the lower trapezoidal face 31 of the bending area one 8, an abutting section four 27 abutting against the outer end face of the bending area two 9 away from the elastic damping layer 2 and an abutting section five 28 abutting against the upper end of the elastic fastener body 22, the abutting section four 27 and the abutting section five 28 are arranged perpendicularly, so that the fastening stability of the fastening elastic sheet 19 can be improved, the abutting section three 26 is a bevel structure matched with the lower trapezoidal face 31 of the bending area one 8, so that the fastening stability of the fastening elastic sheet 19 can be further improved, and the damping performance of the elastic fastener body 22 can be ensured.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, replacements and variations of the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present application.

[0045] The above detailed description of the application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Various other corresponding changes and modifications of the above-described embodiments are possible within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise, characterized in that, The system includes an elastic damping layer (2) connected to the rail web (1) and a folded constraint member (3) connected to the outside of the elastic damping layer (2). The folded constraint member (3) and the elastic damping layer (2) form a folded cavity (4). The folded cavity (4) includes multiple folded components evenly arranged along the travel direction and vertical direction of the rail. A liquid particle damping component (5) is provided inside the folded cavity (4). The liquid particle damping component (5) and the elastic damping layer (2) together form a tuned mass damping unit. Vibration damping fasteners (6) are connected to both sides and the bottom of the rail. The vibration damping fasteners (6) abut against the outer end of the folded constraint member (3). The folded constraint member (3) includes a bent folding body. The bent folding body includes a bent area one (8) protruding towards the side of the elastic damping layer (2) and a bent area two (9) protruding away from the side of the elastic damping layer (2). The bent area one (8) and the bent area two (9) Alternately arranged along the vertical direction; the folded cavity (4) is formed by the bending area two (9) and the elastic damping layer (2); the upper end of the uppermost bending area one (8) extends upward to provide an upper connecting area (10), and the lower end of the lowermost bending area one (8) extends downward to provide a lower connecting area (11). The upper connecting area (10) and the lower connecting area (11) are both straight sections perpendicular to the ground; the elastic damping layer (2) includes an upper flexible section (12) located between the upper connecting area (10) and the rail head (29) of the rail and a lower flexible section (13) located between the lower connecting area (11) and the rail bottom (30) of the rail; the liquid particle damping assembly (5) includes a particle damping shell (15) and damping particles (16) and damping liquid (17) located in the particle damping shell (15); the particle damping shell (15) is a trapezoidal shell structure that is matched and accommodated in the folded cavity (4).

2. The composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first bending area (8) and the second bending area (9) are trapezoidal structures, and the folding cavity (4) is a trapezoidal cavity structure that matches the shape of the second bending area (9).

3. The composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bending area (8), the upper connecting area (10) and the lower connecting area (11) are all provided with connecting bosses (14) embedded in the elastic damping layer (2) on the end face of the end face of the bending area (8), the upper connecting area (10) and the lower connecting area (11).

4. The composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer end of the elastic damping layer (2) includes a connecting platform (18) that is accommodated in the bending zone (9), and the folding cavity (4) is formed by the bending zone (9) and the connecting platform (18).

5. The composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vibration damping fastener (6) includes a snap-fit ​​spring piece (19) abutting against the outer end of the folding restraint piece (3) and a snap-fit ​​base plate (20) connected to the lower end of the snap-fit ​​spring piece (19). The snap-fit ​​base plate (20) is located below the rail base (30). The snap-fit ​​spring piece (19) and the snap-fit ​​base plate (20) are connected by locking bolts (21) located on both sides of the rail base (30). An elastic fastener body (22) is provided between the snap-fit ​​spring piece (19) and the snap-fit ​​base plate (20). The elastic fastener body (22) is fastened to both sides of the rail base (30).

6. The composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise according to claim 5, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​spring (19) includes an abutting section one (23) abutting on the outer end face of the bending area two (9) away from the elastic damping layer (2) and an abutting section two (24) abutting on the upper end of the elastic fastener body (22). The abutting section one (23) and the abutting section two (24) are arranged perpendicularly. The upper ends of the abutting section one (23) and the abutting section two (24) are provided with reinforcing ribs (25) of unequal thickness. The thickness of the reinforcing rib (25) is greatest at the connection between the abutting section one (23) and the abutting section two (24).

7. The composite damper for reducing rail vibration noise according to claim 6, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​spring (19) includes a third abutting section (26) abutting on the lower trapezoidal surface (31) of the bending area one (8), a fourth abutting section (27) abutting on the outer end face of the bending area two (9) away from the elastic damping layer (2), and a fifth abutting section (28) abutting on the upper end of the elastic fastener body (22). The fourth abutting section (27) and the fifth abutting section (28) are arranged perpendicularly. The third abutting section (26) is an inclined structure that matches the lower trapezoidal surface (31) of the bending area one (8).

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