A transformer core and clamp region deformation detection method, medium and system

Abstract

The application provides a transformer core and clamping piece area deformation detection method, medium and system, and belongs to the technical field of transformers, and comprises the following steps: establishing a finite element model of a transformer core and clamping piece and a transformer internal magnetic field distribution model under rated input voltage; calculating a plurality of easily deformable regions of the core and clamping piece and a cumulative stress threshold value of each easily deformable region causing deformation; establishing a nonlinear vibration model; bringing real-time acquired monitoring parameters into the nonlinear vibration model; inputting temperature, electrical and vibration parameters into the established nonlinear vibration model; fitting the vibration behavior of the transformer core and clamping piece; solving the stress of each easily deformable region by using the fitted nonlinear vibration model; and obtaining the stress mutation point of each easily deformable region according to the jumping point of the nonlinear vibration model; and combining the stress mutation point and the cumulative stress threshold value of each easily deformable region to calculate the deformation of the transformer core and clamping piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transformer technology, and more specifically, relates to a method, medium, and system for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area. Background Technology

[0002] As the requirements for safety, economy, and reliability in power systems continue to increase, real-time monitoring and fault prediction of the operating status of transformers, a key power equipment, and the realization of condition-based maintenance and conditional upkeep of transformers have become important technical requirements in power systems.

[0003] Currently, regular manual inspections are the primary means of monitoring transformer operating conditions. However, manual inspections have drawbacks such as long cycles, heavy workload, and the inability to achieve remote monitoring. To achieve automatic monitoring of transformer operating conditions, some new technologies have been applied, such as online monitoring of transformer gas content, oil quality, and bias current. However, these methods can only reflect the accumulation trend of internal insulation or other faults in the transformer and cannot directly monitor mechanical damage to the transformer's core components.

[0004] During transformer operation, the high current surges generated by relay protection actions or the long-term effects of external environmental loads can lead to localized stress concentrations and minute plastic deformations in the transformer core. This type of damage reduces the transformer's mechanical strength, and over time, can result in serious failures. However, traditional core deformation monitoring methods are not ideal, failing to detect regional deformations in the transformer core and clamping components, and thus unable to provide early warning of this damage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, medium and system for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping parts, which can solve the technical problem that the existing core deformation monitoring methods are not ideal and cannot detect the regional deformation of the transformer core and clamping parts.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S10. Establish the finite element model of the transformer core and clamps, as well as the distribution model of the internal magnetic field of the transformer under the rated input voltage.

[0009] S20. Based on the finite element model, calculate multiple easily deformable regions of the core and clamps, and the cumulative stress threshold of each easily deformable region that causes deformation.

[0010] S30. Establish a nonlinear vibration model for transformer core and clamping components based on chaos theory, considering temperature, vibration, and electromagnetic force.

[0011] S40. Real-time acquisition of monitoring parameters during transformer operation, including temperature parameters, electrical parameters, and vibration parameters;

[0012] S50. Input the real-time acquired monitoring parameters into the nonlinear vibration model, and input the temperature, electrical and vibration parameters into the established nonlinear vibration model to fit the vibration behavior of the transformer core and clamps.

[0013] S60. Solve the force in each easily deformable region using the fitted nonlinear vibration model, and obtain the abrupt change point of the force in each easily deformable region based on the jump point of the nonlinear vibration model.

[0014] S70. By combining the stress abrupt change point and cumulative stress threshold of each easily deformable region, the deformation of the transformer core and clamps is calculated.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area of ​​the present invention can be further improved as follows:

[0016] The finite element model of the transformer core and clamps is represented as: Ku = f;

[0017] Where: K represents the stiffness matrix of the finite element model, u represents the displacement vector of each node in the finite element model, and f represents the force vector of each node in the finite element model.

[0018] The internal magnetic field distribution model of the transformer is represented as follows:

[0019] in: Let represent the derivative operator, A represent the magnetic vector potential inside the transformer, v represent the magnetic impedance inside the transformer, and J represent the source current density input to the transformer.

[0020] The deformation accumulation threshold of the easily deformable region is expressed as:

[0021] Wherein: F i (u i ) represents the displacement-force relationship in the easily deformable region i, u i This represents the displacement response of the easily deformable region i. Let represent the critical displacement at which easily deformable region i undergoes deformation, k is an empirical coefficient, taking values ​​from 1.2 to 1.5, and i represents the subscript of the easily deformable region, where i ∈ [1, total number of easily deformable regions].

[0022] The nonlinear vibration model is expressed as follows:

[0023] Where x is the vibration displacement, Let x be the second derivative. Let f be the first derivative of x, T be the temperature, α, β, and λ be constant coefficients, η represent the effect of temperature change on stiffness, ω be the angular frequency of the electromagnetic force, and f, ω f These represent the amplitude and angular frequency of the external vibration.

[0024] Furthermore, the step of fitting the vibration behavior of the transformer core and clamps specifically involves: filtering the temperature parameters, vibration parameters, and electrical parameters; mapping the filtered parameters to the nonlinear vibration model; setting the initial state and input of the nonlinear vibration model; and using an optimization algorithm to fit the nonlinear vibration model to the monitoring parameters.

[0025] Further, the steps for obtaining the jump points of the nonlinear vibration model are as follows: using the fitted nonlinear vibration model to solve the force in each easily deformable region; extracting the force curve of each easily deformable region; and determining the sudden change point of the force based on the slope jump of the force curve.

[0026] The temperature parameters are collected by multiple infrared temperature sensors installed around the transformer, the electrical parameters are the current, voltage, and frequency input to the transformer, and the vibration parameters are collected by multiple vibration sensors installed on the surface of the transformer core and clamps.

[0027] A second aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores program instructions, which, when executed, are used to perform the above-described method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area.

[0028] A third aspect of the present invention provides a deformation detection system for transformer core and clamping parts, wherein the system includes the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the transformer core and clamping area deformation detection method, medium, and system provided by this invention are:

[0030] 1) High real-time performance. By setting up multiple sensors and monitoring systems, it is possible to monitor transformer operating parameters online in real time and capture the deformation process, without being limited by periodic inspections.

[0031] 2) High sensitivity. By employing the finite element model and chaotic dynamics theory, a refined nonlinear coupled vibration analysis model is established, which can respond quickly to minute deformations.

[0032] 3) Accurate positioning. By comparing the actual force on different parts with the threshold, the deformed parts can be accurately located and the damaged area can be identified.

[0033] In summary, the transformer core and clamping component deformation detection method of this invention enables real-time online monitoring of minute deformations in key components, achieving accurate transformer condition assessment and early warning. It solves the technical problem that traditional core deformation monitoring methods are not ideal and cannot detect regional deformations in transformer cores and clamping components. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart of the method provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area provided by the first aspect of the present invention. This method includes the following steps:

[0038] S10. Establish the finite element model of the transformer core and clamps, as well as the distribution model of the internal magnetic field of the transformer under the rated input voltage.

[0039] S20. Based on the finite element model, calculate multiple easily deformable regions of the core and clamps, and the cumulative stress threshold of each easily deformable region that causes deformation.

[0040] S30. Establish a nonlinear vibration model for transformer core and clamping components based on chaos theory, considering temperature, vibration, and electromagnetic force.

[0041] S40. Real-time acquisition of monitoring parameters during transformer operation, including temperature parameters, electrical parameters, and vibration parameters;

[0042] S50. Input the real-time acquired monitoring parameters into the nonlinear vibration model, and input the temperature, electrical and vibration parameters into the established nonlinear vibration model to fit the vibration behavior of the transformer core and clamps.

[0043] S60. Solve the force in each easily deformable region using the fitted nonlinear vibration model, and obtain the abrupt change point of the force in each easily deformable region based on the jump point of the nonlinear vibration model.

[0044] S70. By combining the stress abrupt change point and cumulative stress threshold of each easily deformable region, the deformation of the transformer core and clamps is calculated.

[0045] The specific implementation methods of the above steps are described in detail below:

[0046] The specific implementation method of step S10 is as follows:

[0047] First, it is necessary to determine the structural parameters of the transformer, including core material, dimensions, and iron loss. These parameters can be obtained by consulting the product's technical documentation.

[0048] Then, based on the actual structure of the transformer, a three-dimensional model is created. Finite element analysis software, such as ANSYS or COMSOL, is used for modeling. First, a three-dimensional solid model of the transformer core is created; the cross-sectional geometry of the core can be simplified to a rectangle. Then, a three-dimensional model of the clamp is created; the clamp is the component that fixes the core inside the housing. Next, three-dimensional models of components such as the insulating paperboard and windings are created. Finally, the models of all components are combined to obtain the overall three-dimensional model of the transformer.

[0049] During the modeling process, it is necessary to set the element type and mesh size appropriately for each component to ensure calculation accuracy. For example, parts such as the iron core and clamps that require consideration of nonlinear deformation can use tetrahedral elements with appropriately refined meshes; parts such as insulating cardboard that do not require deformation calculations can use hexahedral elements. The mesh size can be set to 5-10mm.

[0050] Next, boundary conditions and loading need to be set on the model. The boundary conditions can fix the shell and load the electromagnetic force distribution under the rated input voltage. Here, a joint magnetic field-structure analysis is adopted. First, a three-dimensional magnetic field model under the rated input voltage is established independently to analyze and calculate the magnetic flux density distribution. Then, the calculated electromagnetic force is applied to the structural model as a loading.

[0051] Finally, the model is solved and analyzed. Through finite element analysis, the displacement, stress, and electromagnetic force distribution of the transformer core and clamps under rated input voltage can be obtained.

[0052] The finite element model of the transformer core and clamps can be represented as follows:

[0053] Ku = f;

[0054] in:

[0055] K-stiffness matrix

[0056] u-node displacement vector

[0057] f-node force vector

[0058] The stiffness matrix K takes into account the material properties, geometry, connection conditions, and other information of the core, clamps, and other components.

[0059] The nodal displacement vector u represents the displacement response of each node in the finite element model.

[0060] The nodal force vector f contains the forces acting on each node, including external forces and inter-node interaction forces.

[0061] In the finite element method, it is necessary to construct the stiffness matrix K, apply the loading and boundary conditions to determine the force vector f, and then solve the above linear equations to obtain the displacement response u.

[0062] The internal magnetic field distribution model of a transformer can be represented as:

[0063]

[0064] in:

[0065] A-Magnetic vector potential

[0066] ν-magnetic impedance

[0067] J-source current density

[0068] The above equation is the differential form of the magnetic vector potential, representing the Pan-Amber law in a magnetic field.

[0069] In this differential equation representing the magnetic field, This represents the derivative operator (Del).

[0070] Specifically, It is a vector operator that represents vector differentiation. For example:

[0071] - Indicates curl operation.

[0072] - indicates divergence operation.

[0073] - indicates the Laplacian operation.

[0074] Therefore, in this formula:

[0075] - indicates the calculation of the curl of A, reflecting the curl property of the magnetic field.

[0076] -If written as This represents the divergence used to calculate curl, which, according to Maxwell's equations, is equal to zero in the source-free case.

[0077] As a differential operator, it reflects the characteristic that electromagnetic fields can be described by vector differential equations. This formula uses... Operators express the differential relationship between magnetic vector potential and source current, and are one of the important equations describing magnetic field distribution.

[0078] By discretizing using the finite element method and applying input current, the differential equations can be solved to obtain the magnetic induction intensity B and electromagnetic force distribution inside the transformer under the rated input voltage.

[0079] The purpose of establishing the transformer core and clamping components model is to create a computational model and provide a foundation for deformation calculations in subsequent nonlinear deformation analysis. This step utilizes the finite element method, and through certain geometric simplifications and mesh settings, a numerical model for deformation analysis can be accurately and efficiently established.

[0080] The specific implementation method of step S20 is as follows:

[0081] Based on the finite element analysis model of the transformer core and clamping components established in S10, the easily deformable regions need to be identified first. Here, regions prone to bias magnetization, such as cloud-like formations and entanglements, are defined as easily deformable regions. Specifically, the magnetomotive force gradient of each element in the model is calculated, and elements with gradients exceeding a threshold are identified as easily deformable regions. The magnetomotive force gradient threshold can be set to 5000 A / m.

[0082] Then, for each easily deformable region, different forces are applied one by one, and its displacement and deformation under different forces are calculated. The magnitude of the force can be taken as 0-100kN, with an interval of 10kN, for a total of 10 loading steps. The displacement results of each loading step are recorded.

[0083] Based on the displacement-stress curves of each easily deformable region under different forces, the deformation accumulation threshold for each region is determined using the curve slope judgment method. Specifically, the curve slope is calculated, and when the slope changes abruptly, the corresponding force is set as the deformation accumulation threshold. Here, it may be necessary to use filtering or curve fitting to eliminate the influence of curve oscillations on the judgment.

[0084] Among them, the deformation accumulation threshold F of the easily deformable region i aci It can be represented as:

[0085]

[0086] in:

[0087] F i (u iDisplacement-force relationship in easily deformable region i

[0088] u i - Displacement response of easily deformable region i

[0089] -The critical displacement at which deformation occurs in the easily deformable region i

[0090] k - empirical coefficient, taken as 1.2-1.5

[0091] The solution to this formula is as follows:

[0092] 1) Through finite element analysis, the easily deformable region i under different forces F is obtained. i Displacement response u i Fitting F i (u i )relation.

[0093] 2) Calculate F i (u i The slope of the slope is used to determine the critical displacement at which deformation occurs.

[0094] 3) From 0 to Within the displacement range, the integral force F i The slope.

[0095] 4) Multiply by the empirical coefficient k to obtain the cumulative threshold F. aci .

[0096] The integral here solves for the cumulative force required to produce a given displacement. The empirical coefficient k considers a safety margin.

[0097] This step allows for the analysis and identification of easily deformable regions within the transformer core and clamping component model, as well as the corresponding cumulative deformation threshold for each region, laying the foundation for subsequent deformation monitoring. This step employs algorithms that use magnetomotive force gradients to determine easily deformable regions and the displacement-stress curve slope method to determine the deformation threshold.

[0098] The specific implementation method of step S30 is as follows:

[0099] Based on the actual operating environment of the transformer, the effects of temperature fluctuations, vibration, and electromagnetic force on the vibration of the core and clamping components are first determined. Temperature changes cause thermal expansion and contraction of materials, altering structural stiffness; vibration induces fatigue effects; and electromagnetic force is a time-varying load. The influence of each factor can be obtained through experimental testing.

[0100] Then, a vibration model is established using nonlinear dynamic equations that consider various influencing factors. These equations can be adapted from an improved form of the Duffing equations:

[0101]

[0102] Where x is the vibration displacement, T is the temperature, α, β, and λ are constant coefficients, η represents the effect of temperature change on stiffness, ω is the angular frequency of the electromagnetic force, and f, ω f These represent the amplitude and angular frequency of the external vibration.

[0103] This equation establishes a nonlinear coupled vibration model considering temperature, vibration, and electromagnetic force. The nonlinear term introduces nonlinear effects.

[0104] By solving this nonlinear equation, the nonlinear dynamic response of the transformer core and clamping components under complex environments can be studied, providing a theoretical model for subsequent deformation monitoring. This step establishes a nonlinear vibration model using chaotic dynamics theory.

[0105] The specific implementation method of step S40 is as follows:

[0106] First, multiple sets of temperature sensors are installed according to the transformer's structural layout to collect the surface temperature of the core and clamping components. High-precision, fast-response PT100 thermocouples can be selected as the type of temperature sensor. Their number and arrangement can be evenly distributed according to the transformer's geometry, with 2-3 sensors in each easily deformable area, totaling 20-30 sensors. The temperature sensor's measurement range can be set from -20℃ to 120℃, with a measurement accuracy of no less than ±0.5℃.

[0107] Next, multiple sets of piezoelectric accelerometers are installed to measure the vibration acceleration on the surfaces of the core and clamping components. The sensors should be evenly distributed across all easily deformable areas. Sensors with a measurement range of ±20g, a frequency range of 1-1000Hz, and an accuracy greater than 0.01g can be selected. Depending on the size of the structure, 2-3 sensors can be installed in each area, for a total of 20-30 sensors.

[0108] Next, based on the transformer's electrical parameters, electrical sensors such as current transformers and voltage transformers are configured to collect parameters such as the transformer's input current, input voltage, and phase. Parameters such as the transformer's coil rotation speed and allowable operating voltage range need to be set according to the actual conditions of the transformer.

[0109] Finally, all sensor signals are filtered, amplified, and converted to digital values ​​by signal conditioning circuitry before being transmitted to the backend data acquisition and analysis system. This system can be implemented using an industrial computer and includes software programs for real-time display, recording, and analysis.

[0110] By setting up multiple types of sensors to collect real-time operating parameters of the transformer, a foundational data support is provided for establishing real-time transformer deformation monitoring. The hardware configuration of the signal acquisition system directly affects the monitoring accuracy.

[0111] The specific implementation method of step S50 is as follows:

[0112] First, the collected temperature, vibration, and electrical parameters are filtered and smoothed to remove the influence of noise. Low-pass filtering can be used for temperature and vibration signals, while cyclic averaging filtering can be used for electrical parameters. The filtering parameters need to be set according to the signal characteristics; for example, the cutoff frequency for the temperature signal filter can be set to 0.1Hz.

[0113] Then, the processed parameters are interfaced with the nonlinear coupled vibration model established by S30. This requires synchronous mapping between the time and spatial domains, that is, matching the temporal and spatial distributions of the monitoring parameters and model variables.

[0114] Next, set the initial state and input parameters of the model. The initial state can be determined based on the monitoring parameters, and the input parameters are the processed temperature, vibration, and electrical parameters.

[0115] Finally, optimization algorithms are used to calibrate the parameters and update the state of the nonlinear model, enabling the model output to fit the monitoring response to the greatest extent possible, thus achieving real-time simulation of transformer vibration. Particle swarm optimization can be employed here, using the least squares difference as the optimization objective function.

[0116] By calibrating parameters and updating the status, real-time simulation of the deformation process of the transformer core and clamping components can be achieved, providing theoretical support for subsequent deformation calculations. This step employs filtering techniques and optimization algorithms to effectively integrate monitoring parameters with the physical model.

[0117] The specific implementation method of step S60 is as follows:

[0118] Based on the model fitting results in S50, the stress or electromagnetic force distribution in each easily deformable region at each time step can be solved. Here, the stress calculation method in finite element analysis is used to calculate the stress response in each element based on the displacement results of the elements.

[0119] Then, the time-history curves of the element stress extrema in each easily deformable region are extracted and smoothed. By analyzing the jump points of the curves, the moment of sudden change in stress, i.e., the moment when deformation occurs, can be determined.

[0120] The determination method is as follows: calculate the local slope of the curve and compare it with the global slope. When the local slope is significantly higher than the global slope, it is identified as a point of sudden change in force. This involves a threshold judgment of the slope difference, which can be set to 3 times the global slope.

[0121] Finally, the stress abrupt change points of multiple elements in each easily deformable region are solved sequentially, and the earliest occurrence time is taken as the stress abrupt change point of that region, i.e. the time when deformation occurs.

[0122] By analyzing the slope jumps in the model analysis results, the time of deformation occurrence in each easily deformable region can be accurately determined, providing a basis for subsequent deformation analysis. This step uses a stress-time curve slope analysis algorithm.

[0123] The specific implementation method of step S70 is as follows:

[0124] First, the stress abrupt change points of each easily deformable region are solved in S60 and compared with the deformation accumulation threshold determined in S20.

[0125] If the stress value corresponding to the actual stress mutation point in a certain area is greater than the cumulative threshold, it is determined that the area has produced inelastic deformation exceeding the elastic range.

[0126] Then, the deformation of each easily deformable area is statistically analyzed to determine the location and extent of deformation in the transformer core and clamps. Deformed areas are statistically analyzed according to different regions, and the degree of deformation can be rated according to the percentage exceeding a threshold, such as exceeding 120% for severe deformation.

[0127] By comparing the results with a predetermined cumulative deformation threshold, accurate calculations of the deformation of the transformer core and clamping components were achieved. This step fulfilled the key objective of the method and provides an important reference for transformer condition monitoring and fault prediction.

[0128] A second aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores program instructions, which, when executed, are used to perform the above-described method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area.

[0129] A third aspect of the present invention provides a deformation detection system for transformer core and clamping parts, wherein the system includes the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium.

[0130] Specifically, the principle of this invention is:

[0131] 1) Establish a refined numerical model. Use the finite element method to create a three-dimensional model of the transformer, calculate the electromagnetic field and mechanical response of different elements, and obtain the theoretical basis for deformation judgment.

[0132] 2) Identify key areas. Based on the electromagnetic field distribution, identify key areas susceptible to stress as key monitoring targets to improve monitoring efficiency.

[0133] 3) Set up sensor monitoring. Collect transformer operating parameters as model input to accurately obtain deformation process information and provide a basis for deformation detection.

[0134] 4) Establish a coupled model. Considering various influencing factors, establish a nonlinear coupled dynamic model that fully reflects the deformation mechanism.

[0135] 5) Parameter calibration and optimization. Optimization algorithms are used to effectively integrate the model with the measured data, ensuring that the model output conforms to the actual deformation process.

[0136] 6) Solving the problem. Use the model to solve for the stress / force response of the deformed part and determine the time when the deformation occurs.

[0137] 7) Comparison with threshold. Determine whether there is significant deformation in the part based on the preset deformation accumulation threshold, and realize deformation calculation.

[0138] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S10. Establish the finite element model of the transformer core and clamps, as well as the distribution model of the internal magnetic field of the transformer under the rated input voltage. S20. Based on the finite element model, calculate multiple easily deformable regions of the core and clamps, and the cumulative stress threshold of each easily deformable region that causes deformation. The cumulative deformation threshold of the easily deformable region is expressed as: ； in: Indicates easily deformable regions Displacement-force relationship, Indicates easily deformable regions displacement response, Indicates easily deformable regions The critical displacement that produces deformation. This is an empirical coefficient. The subscript indicating the easily deformable region, where, ∈[1, total number of easily deformable regions]; S30. Establish a nonlinear vibration model for transformer core and clamping components based on chaos theory, considering temperature, vibration, and electromagnetic force. The nonlinear vibration model is expressed as follows: ； in, For vibration displacement, for The second derivative, for The first derivative, For temperature, The constant coefficients, This indicates the effect of temperature changes on stiffness. The angular frequency of the electromagnetic force. The amplitude and angular frequency of the external vibration; S40. Real-time acquisition of monitoring parameters during transformer operation, including temperature parameters, electrical parameters, and vibration parameters; S50. Input the real-time acquired monitoring parameters into the nonlinear vibration model, and input the temperature, electrical and vibration parameters into the established nonlinear vibration model to fit the vibration behavior of the transformer core and clamps. S60. Solve the force in each easily deformable region using the fitted nonlinear vibration model, and obtain the abrupt change point of the force in each easily deformable region based on the jump point of the nonlinear vibration model. S70. By combining the stress mutation point and cumulative stress threshold of each easily deformable region, the deformation of the transformer core and clamps is calculated.

2. The method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The finite element model of the transformer core and clamps is represented as follows: ； in: The stiffness matrix of the finite element model is represented by... This represents the displacement vector of each node in the finite element model. This represents the force vector at each node of the finite element model.

3. The method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal magnetic field distribution model of the transformer is represented as follows: ； Where: ∇ represents the derivative operator, This represents the magnetic vector potential inside the transformer. This represents the magnetic impedance inside the transformer. This represents the source current density input to the transformer.

4. The method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for fitting the vibration behavior of the transformer core and clamps specifically include: filtering the temperature parameters, vibration parameters, and electrical parameters; mapping the filtered parameters to the nonlinear vibration model; setting the initial state and input of the nonlinear vibration model; and using an optimization algorithm to fit the nonlinear vibration model to the monitoring parameters.

5. The method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps to obtain the jump point of the nonlinear vibration model are as follows: use the fitted nonlinear vibration model to solve the force in each easily deformable region; extract the force curve of each easily deformable region; and determine the sudden change point of the force based on the slope jump of the force curve.

6. The method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature parameters are collected by multiple infrared temperature sensors installed around the transformer. The electrical parameters are the current, voltage, and frequency input to the transformer. The vibration parameters are collected by multiple vibration sensors installed on the surface of the transformer core and clamps.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores program instructions, which, when executed, are used to perform a method for detecting deformation in the transformer core and clamping area as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A deformation detection system for transformer core and clamping parts, characterized in that, It includes the computer-readable storage medium of claim 7.

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