Production process of earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and specifically relates to a production process of earthworm castings bio-organic fertilizer. The present invention divides windrow composting fermentation into a plurality of fermentation piles. By detecting the fermentation temperature of each fermentation pile and adopting a corresponding compost turning method, the present invention can monitor the abnormality of each fermentation pile and comprehensively reflect the fermentation status, and can fully utilize the raw materials, realize the uniform distribution of bacterial strains, improve the fermentation efficiency, and improve the fermentation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and in particular relates to a production process of earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] Bio-organic fertilizer refers to organic solid waste, such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, and organic garbage, fermented and processed by microorganisms. Currently, bio-organic fertilizer based on earthworm castings has a high fertilizer efficiency and is widely used in agricultural production because of its large specific surface area and excellent ability to absorb and retain nutrients, which allows many microorganisms to survive. However, during the fermentation process, the added bacteria are often unevenly distributed, which can affect the fermentation effect even if the compost is turned.

[0003] In actual production, windrow composting is often used, and the compost is turned regularly. This method requires regular turning, which is labor-intensive. Secondly, turning the compost has little effect on the mixing of the compost, as it only re-mixes the surrounding materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems raised in the background technology, the present invention provides a production process of earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer.

[0005] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a production process of vermicompost bio-organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: After the earthworm castings, soybean meal and peat are weighed by a weighing device, they are respectively sent to a stirring device through a feeding device according to a set ratio, and stirred until they are evenly mixed to obtain a mixture;

[0008] S2: inoculating Bacillus amyloliquefaciens into a fermentation tank for amplification culture;

[0009] S3: After adding the cultured amplified Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the evenly mixed mixture, the mixture is transported to a fermentation site and piled into several fermentation piles for fermentation;

[0010] S4: Get the real-time fermentation temperature T of each fermentation pile through the signal fed back by the temperature sensor m , the preset fermentation temperature range is T a -T b , set the fermentation temperature upper limit threshold T bo , T bo >T b , set the fermentation temperature lower limit threshold T ao , T ao <T a , T mWith T ao 、T a 、T b 、T bo Compare;

[0011] When T m Greater than T b and less than T bo , or T m Less than T a and greater than T ao When the compost turning machine is controlled to turn the fermentation pile separately, the fermentation continues for one cycle after turning the pile, and S4 is executed;

[0012] When T m Greater than T bo , or T m Less than T ao When T m Greater than T bo The fermentation pile is recorded as the first target fermentation pile, T m Less than T ao The fermentation pile is recorded as the second target fermentation pile, and the compost turning machine is controlled to turn the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile. After turning the compost, fermentation continues for one cycle, and S4 is executed;

[0013] When T m Located in T a -T b When the compost is turned over, the fermentation cycle continues for one more cycle and S4 is executed;

[0014] When the fermentation time reaches the preset fermentation time, the fermentation ends and the earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer is obtained;

[0015] The real-time fermentation temperature of each fermentation pile in S4 is specifically:

[0016] Each fermentation pile is divided into several height intervals. Temperature sensors are set in different height intervals. The temperature sensors detect the temperature at the intersection of the central axis of the fermentation pile and the midline of the corresponding height interval, which is used as the fermentation temperature of the different height intervals. The fermentation temperatures of the different height intervals are summed and averaged to obtain the temperature.

[0017] In S4, when T m Greater than T bo , or T m Less than T ao When the compost turning machine is controlled, the compost turning machine is controlled to turn the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile, specifically:

[0018] The straight-line distance between the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile is calculated based on the intersection of the central axis of the fermentation pile and the ground plane, and the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile with the smallest straight-line distance are turned over.

[0019] For fermentation piles with the same straight-line distance, the temperature difference between the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile is calculated, and the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile with the largest temperature difference are turned over.

[0020] The temperature sensors are arranged at different heights of each fermentation pile, and the height intervals of all fermentation piles are kept consistent.

[0021] The S4 will be T m With T ao 、T a 、T b 、T bo The comparison is based on the real-time fermentation temperature of the fermentation pile after one fermentation cycle, and T ao 、T a 、T b 、T bo Make a comparison.

[0022] The step S4 of obtaining the vermicompost bio-organic fertilizer further comprises:

[0023] The fermented product is sieved by a sieving machine to obtain undersize material, and the undersize material is granulated by a granulator to obtain earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] The production process of earthworm castings bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention divides the windrow composting fermentation into a plurality of fermentation piles. By detecting the fermentation temperature of each fermentation pile and adopting a corresponding compost turning method, the abnormality of each fermentation pile can be monitored and the fermentation status can be fully reflected. The raw materials can also be fully utilized to achieve uniform distribution of bacterial strains, thereby increasing fermentation efficiency and improving fermentation effect.

[0026] In order to accurately compare the temperatures between the fermentation piles, the present invention sets temperature sensors at different heights of each fermentation pile, and the height intervals of all fermentation piles are kept consistent, ensuring that the temperature acquisition conditions of the fermentation piles are consistent.

[0027] By comparing the bacterial count, bacterial flora, and colony morphology during the production process, the production process of the present invention achieves a more uniform fermentation effect than the original simple stacking process, both in the fermentation stage and in the packaged finished product after mixing and granulation. The detection indicators are significantly improved, whether for products from the same batch or different batches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is the production process principle diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Weighing device, 2. Feeding device, 3. Stirring device, 4. Fermentation tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The present invention provides a production process of earthworm castings bio-organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps (the process principle can be found in Figure 1 ):

[0035] S1: After the earthworm castings, soybean meal and peat are weighed by a weighing device 1, they are respectively sent to a stirring device 3 through a feeding device 2 according to a set ratio for mixing, and stirred until they are evenly mixed to obtain a mixture.

[0036] The raw materials are mixed according to the set ratio to ensure that the carbon-nitrogen ratio remains within the normal range during the fermentation process, avoiding excessive nitrogen content that may cause rotten egg or corruption odors.

[0037] S2: Inoculate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens into fermentation tank 4 for expansion culture.

[0038] Before the amplification culture is carried out, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is preliminarily amplified on a solid culture medium, and then an organic nutrient component, such as peptone, is added to the fermentation tank 4 to carry out aerobic stirring fermentation at 35°C.

[0039] S3: After adding the cultured amplified Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the evenly mixed mixture, the mixture is sent to a fermentation site and piled into several fermentation piles for fermentation.

[0040] In actual production, windrow composting is often used, and the pile is turned regularly. This method requires regular turning, which is labor-intensive. Secondly, turning the pile has little effect on the mixing of the pile, as it only re-mixes the surrounding mixed materials.

[0041] The present invention divides the windrow composting fermentation into several fermentation piles, and subsequently performs targeted turning of the piles according to the fermentation conditions of each fermentation pile. This can not only monitor the abnormality of each fermentation pile and comprehensively reflect the fermentation conditions, but also make full use of raw materials, improve fermentation efficiency, and improve fermentation effects.

[0042] S4: Get the real-time fermentation temperature T of each fermentation pile through the signal fed back by the temperature sensor m , specifically:

[0043] Each fermentation pile is divided into several height intervals. Temperature sensors are installed at different height intervals. The temperature sensors detect the temperature at the intersection of the fermentation pile's central axis and the centerline of the corresponding height interval. The fermentation temperature of each height interval is then summed and averaged. This avoids the influence of different temperatures at different heights of the fermentation pile on the determination of real-time fermentation temperature.

[0044] Furthermore, in order to accurately compare the temperatures between the fermentation piles, temperature sensors are set at different heights of each fermentation pile, and the height intervals of all fermentation piles are kept consistent to ensure that the temperature acquisition conditions of each fermentation pile are consistent.

[0045] Determine T m After that, the preset fermentation temperature range is T a -T b , set the fermentation temperature upper limit threshold T bo , T bo >T b , set the fermentation temperature lower limit threshold T ao , T ao <T a , T m With T ao 、T a 、T b 、T bo Compare.

[0046] Considering that fermentation is affected by many factors, such as ambient temperature, oxygen content, etc., preferably, in order to more accurately reflect the progress of fermentation, T m With T ao 、T a 、T b 、T bo The comparison is based on the real-time fermentation temperature of the fermentation pile after one fermentation cycle, and T ao 、T a 、T b 、T bo Make a comparison.

[0047] When T m Greater than T b and less than T bo , or T m Less than T a and greater than T ao When the fermentation temperature is abnormal, it may be due to uneven distribution of bacteria in a single fermentation pile. The fermentation temperature of the fermentation pile is still within the controllable range and the fermentation pile can coordinate itself. Under this condition, the compost turning machine is controlled to turn the fermentation pile separately. After turning the pile, fermentation continues for one cycle and executes S4.

[0048] When T m Greater than T bo , or T m Less than T ao When T m Greater than T bo The fermentation pile is recorded as the first target fermentation pile, T m Less than T ao The fermentation pile is recorded as the second target fermentation pile. Turning the compost inside a single fermentation pile is far from reaching the fermentation temperature requirement. Under this condition, the compost turning machine is controlled to turn the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile to achieve synergistic efficiency. After turning the compost, fermentation continues for one cycle and executes S4;

[0049] When T m Located in T a -T b When the fermentation pile is in the normal fermentation temperature range, generally 50° C.-60° C., the pile is not turned over, and the fermentation is continued for one cycle, and S4 is executed.

[0050] When the fermentation piles are turned over, the operation efficiency needs to be considered. Preferably, in S4, when T m Greater than T bo , or T m Less than T ao When the compost turning machine is controlled, the compost turning machine is controlled to turn the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile, specifically:

[0051] The straight-line distance between the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile is calculated based on the intersection of the central axis of the fermentation pile and the ground plane, and the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile with the smallest straight-line distance are turned over.

[0052] Furthermore, for fermentation piles with the same linear distance, the temperature difference between the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile is calculated, and the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile with the largest temperature difference are turned over. This allows the fermentation between the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile to achieve better synergistic efficiency.

[0053] In addition, after targeted turning of each fermentation pile according to the fermentation conditions, in order to verify the uniformity of the distribution of the strains, samples are taken during the fermentation process to detect the number of bacteria, bacterial groups, and colony morphology, so as to further ensure that the production process of the present invention is conducive to the uniform distribution of the strains.

[0054] When the fermentation time reaches the preset fermentation time, the fermentation ends and the earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer is obtained.

[0055] The step S4 of obtaining the vermicompost bio-organic fertilizer further comprises:

[0056] The fermented product is sieved by a sieving machine to obtain undersize material, and the undersize material is granulated by a granulator to obtain earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer.

[0057] The production process of the earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer of the present invention detects the fermentation temperature of each fermentation pile and adopts a corresponding pile turning method to achieve uniform distribution of bacteria species, thereby improving the fermentation effect.

[0058] The finished products of earthworm castings bio-organic fertilizer were randomly inspected to observe the colony morphology, measure the bacterial flora, bacterial count, pH value, moisture content and ascaris egg mortality rate. Compared with the simple turning process used in windrow composting fermentation, the earthworm castings bio-organic fertilizer obtained by the production process of the present invention had obvious improvements in various detection indicators.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a production system for the process example provided in Example 1 to meet the needs of industrial production.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, a production system of earthworm castings bio-organic fertilizer adapted to the process of the present invention includes a weighing device 1, a feeding device 2, a stirring device 3, and a fermentation tank 4.

[0062] Among them, the weighing device 1 is used to weigh the earthworm castings, soybean meal and peat raw materials according to the set ratio. The raw materials are sent to the stirring device 3 through the feeding device 2 for stirring and mixing.

[0063] The fermentation tank 4 is used to amplify and culture Bacillus amyloliquefaciens; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the fermentation tank 4 is added to the mixed material in the stirring device 3, and then sent to the fermentation site for composting and fermentation.

[0064] Through the above production system, the production process of earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer can be realized, which can not only improve the fermentation efficiency and fermentation effect, but also meet the needs of industrial production.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production process of earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: After the earthworm manure, soybean meal and peat are weighed by a weighing device (1), they are respectively sent to a stirring device (3) through a feeding device (2) according to a set ratio for mixing, and stirred until the mixture is evenly mixed to obtain a mixed material; S2: inoculating Bacillus amyloliquefaciens into the fermentation tank (4) for amplification culture; S3: After adding the cultured amplified Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to the evenly mixed mixture, the mixture is transported to a fermentation site and piled into several fermentation piles for fermentation; S4: Get the real-time fermentation temperature T of each fermentation pile through the signal fed back by the temperature sensor m , the preset fermentation temperature range is T a -T b , set the fermentation temperature upper limit threshold T bo , T bo >T b , set the fermentation temperature lower limit threshold T ao , T ao <T a , T m With T ao 、T a 、T b 、T bo Compare; When T m Greater than T b and less than T bo , or T m Less than T a and greater than T ao When the compost turning machine is controlled to turn the fermentation pile separately, the fermentation continues for one cycle after turning the pile, and S4 is executed; When T m Greater than T bo , or T m Less than T ao When T m Greater than T bo The fermentation pile is recorded as the first target fermentation pile, T m Less than T ao The fermentation pile is recorded as the second target fermentation pile, and the compost turning machine is controlled to turn the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile. After turning the compost, fermentation continues for one cycle, and S4 is executed; When T m Located in T a -T b When the compost is turned over, the fermentation cycle continues for one more cycle and S4 is executed; When the fermentation time reaches the preset fermentation time, the fermentation ends and the earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer is obtained; The real-time fermentation temperature of each fermentation pile in S4 is specifically: Each fermentation pile is divided into several height intervals. Temperature sensors are set in different height intervals of each fermentation pile. The temperature sensors detect the temperature at the intersection of the central axis of the fermentation pile and the midline of the corresponding height interval. The fermentation temperatures of the different height intervals are summed and averaged to obtain the temperature. In S4, when T m Greater than T bo , or T m Less than T ao When the compost turning machine is controlled, the compost turning machine is controlled to turn the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile, specifically: Calculate the straight-line distance between the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile based on the intersection of the central axis of the fermentation pile and the ground plane, and turn the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile with the smallest straight-line distance over each other; For fermentation piles with the same straight-line distance, the temperature difference between the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile is calculated, and the first target fermentation pile and the second target fermentation pile with the largest temperature difference are turned over; The S4 will be T m With T ao 、T a 、T b 、T bo The comparison is based on the real-time fermentation temperature of the fermentation pile after one fermentation cycle, and T ao 、T a 、T b 、T bo Make a comparison.

2. The production process of earthworm castings bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensors are arranged at different height intervals of each fermentation pile, and the height intervals of all fermentation piles are kept consistent.

3. The production process of earthworm castings bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 of obtaining the vermicompost bio-organic fertilizer further comprises: The fermented product is sieved by a sieving machine to obtain undersize material, and the undersize material is granulated by a granulator to obtain earthworm castings biological organic fertilizer.

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