A residual stress based on the Debye ring principle in the machine probe

Abstract

The application discloses a residual stress on-machine measuring head based on a Debye ring principle, which comprises a measuring head shell, a tool handle detachably connected to one end of the measuring head shell, and an opening arranged at the other end of the measuring head shell; the tool handle is fixedly connected to a machine tool; a communication control module, an X-ray source, a visible light source, a reflecting lens, a Debye ring receiving device and an acquisition and storage module are fixedly arranged in the measuring head shell; the communication control module is in communication connection and / or electrical connection with the X-ray source, the visible light source and the acquisition and storage module; and the Debye ring receiving device is in electrical connection with the acquisition and storage module. The internal structure of the measuring head shell and the connecting relationship of the tool handle are arranged, the on-machine overall detection of the residual stress on the surface of a workpiece is realized based on the Debye ring principle, and the convenience of the residual stress detection of the workpiece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of residual stress detection technology, and in particular to an in-machine probe for residual stress based on the Debye ring principle. Background Technology

[0002] During the manufacturing process, workpieces are subjected to various processes such as cutting, extrusion, friction, casting, and forging. After these processes are completed, residual stress is generated inside the workpiece. The proper distribution of residual stress has a significant impact on the service performance of the workpiece, such as its fatigue strength, resistance to brittle fracture, stress resistance, corrosion resistance, cracking resistance, and dimensional stability. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the residual stress in the workpiece.

[0003] In the prior art, the patent publication number CN116878707A, "A Residual Stress Detection Method and Detection Device", integrates an X-ray generator, a CCD camera, a full two-dimensional surface detector, an LED-assisted positioning system, and a vision camera into a single detection unit. This results in a more compact structure, making the device not only usable in the laboratory but also very convenient for use outdoors or in the workshop, thus improving operability.

[0004] In practice, when performing residual stress testing on workpieces, the workpiece is usually removed from the machine tool after manufacturing is completed, and the residual stress is tested. If the test fails, the workpiece needs to be re-clamped for further processing. This process of removing, testing, and clamping is repeated until the test passes. The operation is cumbersome. However, the existing technology mentioned above does not solve the above problems and cannot achieve on-machine overall testing of residual stress on the workpiece surface. The convenience of residual stress testing is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an in-machine residual stress probe based on the Debye ring principle to solve the problem of poor convenience in detecting residual stress in workpieces in the prior art.

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides a residual stress in-machine probe based on the Debye ring principle, comprising: a probe housing.

[0007] One end of the probe housing is detachably connected to a tool holder, and the other end is provided with an opening.

[0008] The tool holder is fixedly connected to the machine tool.

[0009] The probe housing is internally equipped with a communication control module, an X-ray source, a visible light source, a reflecting lens, a Debye ring receiver, and a data acquisition and storage module.

[0010] The communication control module is communicatively connected and / or electrically connected to the X-ray source, the visible light source, and the acquisition and storage module, respectively, and the Debye ring receiving device is electrically connected to the acquisition and storage module.

[0011] The communication control module is used to control the switching on and off of the X-ray source and the visible light source.

[0012] The X-ray source is used to emit X-rays onto the workpiece.

[0013] The visible light source is used to emit visible light into the reflecting lens.

[0014] The reflective lens is used to reflect visible light onto the workpiece for positioning.

[0015] The Debye ring receiving device is used to receive the Debye rings diffracted from the workpiece.

[0016] The acquisition and storage module is used to acquire and store Debye ring detection data.

[0017] The communication control module is also used to send the Debye ring detection data to the computing terminal for residual stress calculation.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the communication control module and the acquisition and storage module are also communicatively connected and / or electrically connected to a preprocessing module.

[0019] The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the Debye ring detection data.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the communication control module employs a wireless network module.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the Debye ring receiving device is fixedly disposed inside the opening of the probe housing and parallel to the opening plane of the probe housing.

[0022] The Debye ring receiving device includes a two-dimensional X-ray sensor.

[0023] An annular metal plate is fixedly installed on the side of the two-dimensional X-ray sensor facing the opening of the probe housing.

[0024] The two-dimensional X-ray sensor is electrically connected to the acquisition and storage module.

[0025] In one possible implementation, a light-transmitting sheet is sealed at the opening of the probe housing.

[0026] The light-transmitting sheet is used to allow visible light and X-rays to pass through, and also to seal the probe housing.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the X-ray source is a cold cathode X-ray tube.

[0028] The cold cathode X-ray tube is communicatively connected to the communication control module.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the visible light source is a laser emitter.

[0030] The laser emitter is electrically connected to the communication control module.

[0031] In one possible implementation, a power supply is also fixedly installed inside the probe housing.

[0032] The power supply is electrically connected to the communication control module, the X-ray source, the visible light source, and the acquisition and storage module, respectively.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the power source is a battery.

[0034] The battery is fixedly installed inside the probe housing on the side near the handle.

[0035] The battery has a charging port on the side facing the tool handle. The charging port passes through the probe housing and does not contact the tool handle.

[0036] The residual stress in the machine probe based on the Debye ring principle in this invention has the following advantages:

[0037] By setting the internal structure of the probe housing and the connection relationship of the tool holder, the on-machine overall detection of residual stress on the workpiece surface is realized based on the Debye ring principle. After the tool is cut, the probe can be controlled by the machine tool to detect residual stress again along the tool path, which makes the positioning more accurate and improves the convenience of residual stress detection.

[0038] The reliability of the Debye ring detection data is improved by preprocessing the Debye ring detection data through the preprocessing module.

[0039] The proposed X-ray source uses a cold cathode X-ray tube, which offers advantages over traditional hot cathode X-ray tubes, including lower power consumption, smaller size, lighter weight, no need for preheating or cooling, and longer lifespan. It is also more suitable for integration into the surgical tip.

[0040] The proposed communication control module adopts a wireless network module, which can transmit the detected residual stress information with low latency and high speed, making it easier to form the residual stress map of the processed part. It has a larger information storage capacity, can output more accurate residual stress signals, and is more reliable.

[0041] The proposed Debye ring receiving device includes a two-dimensional X-ray sensor, on which an annular metal plate is fixedly mounted on the opening side facing the probe housing, saving materials for the Debye ring receiving device and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0042] The proposed probe housing has a light-transmitting plate sealed at the opening. The light-transmitting plate allows visible light and X-rays to pass through and seals the probe housing, preventing dust and other foreign objects from entering and preventing interference.

[0043] The proposed visible light source uses a laser emitter, which is used to locate the detection area of ​​the workpiece, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the detection area. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the residual stress in a machine probe based on the Debye ring principle is provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the X-ray diffraction Debye ring provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Probe housing, 2-Tool holder, 3-Workpiece, 11-Communication control module, 12-X-ray source, 13-Visible light source, 14-Reflecting lens, 15-Debye ring receiver, 16-Acquisition and storage module, 17-Preprocessing module, 18-Transmitter, 19-Power supply, 191-Charging port. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a residual stress in-machine probe based on the Debye ring principle, comprising: probe housing 1.

[0050] One end of the probe housing 1 is detachably connected to the handle 2, and the other end is provided with an opening.

[0051] The tool holder 2 is fixedly connected to the machine tool.

[0052] The probe housing is internally equipped with a communication control module 11, an X-ray source 12, a visible light source 13, a reflecting lens 14, a Debye ring receiver 15, and a data acquisition and storage module 16.

[0053] The communication control module 11 is communicatively connected and / or electrically connected to the X-ray source 12, the visible light source 13, and the acquisition and storage module 16, respectively, and the Debye ring receiving device 15 is electrically connected to the acquisition and storage module 16.

[0054] The communication control module 11 is used to control the switching on and off of the X-ray source 12 and the visible light source 13.

[0055] The X-ray source 12 is used to emit X-rays onto the workpiece 3.

[0056] The visible light source 13 is used to emit visible light to the reflecting lens 14.

[0057] The reflective lens 14 is used to reflect visible light onto the workpiece 3 for positioning.

[0058] The Debye ring receiving device 15 is used to receive the Debye rings diffracted from the workpiece 3.

[0059] The acquisition and storage module 16 is used to acquire and store Debye ring detection data.

[0060] The communication control module 11 is also used to send the Debye ring detection data to the computing terminal for residual stress calculation.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the residual stress in the probe's operation is as follows: the tool holder 2 is fixedly connected to the machine tool via a pull stud, and the end of the probe housing 1 away from the opening is detachably connected to the tool holder 2 via a thread; after the workpiece 3 is processed on the machine tool, the computing terminal sends a control signal to the communication control module 11 to control the visible light source 13 to emit visible light towards the reflecting lens 14. The reflecting lens 14 reflects the visible light onto the workpiece 3 for detection area positioning. After positioning is completed, the visible light source 13 is turned off, and the X-ray source 12 is controlled to emit X-rays towards the workpiece 3. The X-rays pass through the reflecting lens 14 without reflection; after the X-rays reach the detection area of ​​the workpiece 3, the diffracted beam is projected onto the Debye ring receiving device 15, generating a Debye ring. A single incident beam at a single angle can obtain diffraction information of the workpiece 3 surface from all directions. Only a very short exposure time is needed to accurately obtain the data of the deformed Debye ring, i.e., the Debye ring detection data, through the Debye ring receiving device 15; the acquisition and storage module 16 acquires and stores the Debye ring detection data, and the communication control module 11 wirelessly sends the Debye ring detection data to the computing terminal for residual stress calculation.

[0062] Specifically, the formation of the Debye ring is based on the fact that X-rays incident in a direction that satisfy the Bragg equation 2dsinθ=nλ (where d represents the interplanar spacing, θ represents the angle between the incident ray, the reflected ray and the reflecting crystal plane, n represents the reflection order, and λ represents the wavelength) will produce diffraction rings when they enter the crystal. That is, the incident X-rays will form a diffraction ring when there is no residual stress. Under normal conditions, the beam of X-rays diffracted back by the workpiece forms a perfect ring on the Debye ring receiving device 15. Due to the presence of residual stress, the perfect ring is affected and becomes a distorted Debye ring. After the Debye ring image is formed, the value of the residual stress is obtained according to the calculation basis of residual stress σ=Eε (where σ represents residual stress, E represents elastic modulus, and ε represents strain).

[0063] For example, the communication control module 11 and the acquisition and storage module 16 are also connected by a preprocessing module 17 through communication and / or electrical connection.

[0064] The preprocessing module 17 is used to preprocess the Debye ring detection data.

[0065] Specifically, in this embodiment, the acquisition and storage module 16 first stores the acquired Debye ring detection data in the storage unit. After acquiring complete data, it transmits it to the preprocessing module 17 via an electrical connection line. In this embodiment, the preprocessing module 17 uses a processing unit to preprocess the Debye ring detection data, compresses and packages it, and then transmits it to the communication control module 11 via an electrical connection line.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the communication control module 11 employs a wireless network module.

[0067] Specifically, in this embodiment, the communication control module 11 uses a wireless network module to achieve wireless communication with the computing terminal via wireless network signals. The computing terminal is a computer. Wireless control of the communication control module 11 via the computing terminal avoids harm to workers from X-rays.

[0068] For example, the Debye ring receiving device 15 is fixedly disposed inside the opening of the probe housing 1 and is parallel to the opening plane of the probe housing 1.

[0069] The Debye ring receiving device 15 includes a two-dimensional X-ray sensor.

[0070] An annular metal plate is fixedly installed on the side of the two-dimensional X-ray sensor facing the opening of the probe housing 1.

[0071] The two-dimensional X-ray sensor is electrically connected to the acquisition and storage module 16.

[0072] Specifically, considering that the Debye ring obtained by the Debye ring measurement method is circular, a ring-shaped metal sheet is fixedly set on the side of the two-dimensional X-ray sensor facing the opening of the probe housing 1, which saves manufacturing materials and reduces manufacturing costs.

[0073] Specifically, the Debye ring receiver 15 also has a central aperture for visible light and X-rays to pass through.

[0074] For example, a light-transmitting sheet 18 is provided to seal the opening of the probe housing 1.

[0075] The light-transmitting sheet 18 is used to allow visible light and X-rays to pass through, and to seal the probe housing 1.

[0076] Specifically, in this embodiment, the light-transmitting sheet 18 is made of glass.

[0077] For example, the X-ray source 12 is a cold cathode X-ray tube.

[0078] The cold cathode X-ray tube is communicatively connected to the communication control module 11.

[0079] Specifically, after the detection area of ​​workpiece 3 is located, the computing terminal sends a control signal to the communication control module 11. The communication control module 11 controls the visible light source 13 to turn off and then controls the cold cathode X-ray tube to turn on. The cold cathode X-ray tube emits X-rays towards workpiece 3. The X-rays pass through the reflecting lens 14, the central hole of the Debye ring receiving device 15, and the light-transmitting plate 18 in sequence. After reaching the detection area of ​​workpiece 3, the diffracted beam is projected onto the Debye ring receiving device 15 to generate a Debye ring.

[0080] For example, the visible light source 13 is a laser emitter.

[0081] The laser emitter is electrically connected to the communication control module 11.

[0082] Specifically, after the workpiece 3 is processed on the machine tool, the computing terminal sends a control signal to the communication control module 11. The communication control module 11 controls the laser emitter to emit visible light to the reflecting lens 14. The reflecting lens 14 reflects the visible light onto the workpiece 3 to locate the detection area. After the positioning is completed, the computing terminal sends a control signal to the communication control module 11 again. The communication control module 11 controls the laser emitter to turn off and controls the X-ray source 12 to turn on.

[0083] For example, a power supply 19 is also fixedly installed inside the probe housing 1.

[0084] The power supply 19 is electrically connected to the communication control module 11, the X-ray source 12, the visible light source 13, and the acquisition and storage module 16, respectively.

[0085] Specifically, power supply 19 supplies power to communication control module 11, X-ray source 12, visible light source 13, and acquisition and storage module 16. Power supply 19 is also electrically connected to and supplies power to preprocessing module 17.

[0086] For example, the power source 19 is a storage battery.

[0087] The battery is fixedly installed inside the probe housing 1 on the side near the handle 2.

[0088] The battery has a charging port 191 on the side facing the handle 2. The charging port 191 passes through the probe housing 1 and does not contact the handle 2.

[0089] Specifically, after the end of the probe housing 1 away from the opening is detachably connected to the tool holder 2 via a thread, there is a gap between the tool holder 2 and the end of the probe housing 1 away from the opening, so that the charging port 191 does not contact the tool holder 2. After the residual stress has been removed from the machine probe, the probe housing 1 can be unscrewed from the threaded connection of the tool holder 2, at which time the power supply 19 can be charged through the charging port 191.

[0090] This invention, through the internal structure of the probe housing and the connection relationship of the tool holder, achieves on-machine overall detection of residual stress on the workpiece surface based on the Debye ring principle. After the tool has finished cutting, the probe can be controlled by the machine tool to detect residual stress again along the tool path, resulting in more accurate positioning and improved convenience of residual stress detection.

[0091] The reliability of the Debye ring detection data is improved by preprocessing the Debye ring detection data through the preprocessing module.

[0092] The proposed communication control module adopts a wireless network module, which can transmit the detected residual stress information with low latency and high speed, making it easier to form the residual stress map of the processed part. It has a larger information storage capacity and can output more accurate residual stress signals. At the same time, the wireless network signal transmission is stable and more reliable.

[0093] The proposed Debye ring receiving device includes a two-dimensional X-ray sensor, on which an annular metal plate is fixedly mounted on the opening side facing the probe housing, saving materials for the Debye ring receiving device and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0094] The proposed probe housing has a light-transmitting plate sealed at the opening. The light-transmitting plate allows visible light and X-rays to pass through and seals the probe housing, preventing dust and other foreign objects from entering and preventing interference.

[0095] The proposed visible light source uses a laser emitter, which is used to locate the detection area of ​​the workpiece, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the detection area.

[0096] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0097] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A residual stress on-machine measuring head based on the Debye ring principle, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of X-ray residual stress detection device, including: Measuring head shell; One end of the measuring head shell is detachably connected with a tool holder, and the other end is provided with an opening; The tool holder is fixedly connected with a machine tool; A communication control module, an X-ray source, a visible light source, a reflecting lens, a debye ring receiving device and a collection storage module are fixedly arranged inside the measuring head shell; The communication control module is respectively connected with the X-ray source, the visible light source and the collection storage module in communication and / or electricity, and the debye ring receiving device is electrically connected with the collection storage module; The communication control module is used to control the switch of the X-ray source and the visible light source; The X-ray source is used to emit X-rays to a workpiece; The visible light source is used to emit visible light to the reflecting lens; The reflecting lens is used to reflect visible light to a workpiece for positioning; The debye ring receiving device is used to receive the debye ring diffracted by the workpiece; The collection storage module is used to collect and store debye ring detection data; The communication control module is also used to send the debye ring detection data to a computing terminal for residual stress calculation.

2. A residual stress on-machine measuring head based on the Debye ring principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication control module and the collection storage module are also connected in communication and / or electricity with a preprocessing module; The preprocessing module is used to preprocess the debye ring detection data.

3. A residual stress on-machine measuring head based on the Debye ring principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication control module uses a wireless network module.

4. A residual stress on-machine measuring head based on the Debye ring principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The debye ring receiving device is fixedly arranged inside the opening of the measuring head shell and parallel to the plane of the opening of the measuring head shell; The debye ring receiving device includes a two-dimensional X-ray sensor; The two-dimensional X-ray sensor is fixedly arranged with a ring-shaped metal sheet on the side facing the opening of the measuring head shell; The two-dimensional X-ray sensor is electrically connected with the collection storage module.

5. A residual stress on-machine measuring head based on the Debye ring principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A light-transmitting sheet is sealingly arranged at the opening of the measuring head shell; The light-transmitting sheet is used for visible light and X-rays to pass through, and is used to seal the measuring head shell.

6. A residual stress on-machine measuring head based on the Debye ring principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-ray source uses a cold cathode X-ray tube; The cold cathode X-ray tube is connected with the communication control module in communication.

7. A residual stress on-machine measuring head based on the Debye ring principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visible light source uses a laser emitter; The laser emitter is electrically connected with the communication control module.

8. A residual stress on-machine measuring head based on the Debye ring principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A power supply is also fixedly arranged inside the measuring head shell; The power supply is electrically connected with the communication control module, the X-ray source, the visible light source and the collection storage module, respectively.

9. A residual stress on-machine measuring head based on the Debye ring principle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power supply uses a storage battery; The storage battery is fixedly arranged inside the measuring head shell, close to one side of the tool holder; A charging port is arranged on the side of the storage battery facing the tool holder, and the charging port passes through the measuring head shell and does not contact the tool holder.

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