Hydrogen fuel cell system combined with shipboard sanitary wastewater treatment device

Abstract

The application provides a hydrogen fuel cell system combined with a ship living sewage treatment device, which comprises an aeration cabinet, a contact cabinet and a sedimentation and disinfection cabinet connected in sequence, the aeration cabinet is connected with a fan, the hydrogen fuel cell supplies power to the fan, and the water outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell heats the aeration cabinet to provide a good decomposition environment for the aeration cabinet, the sedimentation and disinfection cabinet comprises a sedimentation chamber and a disinfection chamber, the disinfection chamber is connected with a medicine storage box, the impurities precipitated in the sedimentation chamber are discharged through a crushing pump, and the disinfected water in the disinfection chamber is discharged outside the ship. The electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell is transmitted to the fan assembly of the sewage treatment device to provide an energy source for the work of the fan, and the energy utilization rate of the device is improved. The heat energy is transmitted to the aeration cabinet through a heat exchanger, the digestion and decomposition of the active sludge on the sewage are accelerated, the energy utilization rate is further improved, the heat loss is reduced, an additional heating device does not need to be provided, and the system structure is simplified.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ship domestic sewage treatment, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell system combined with a ship domestic sewage treatment device. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an efficient conversion device of hydrogen energy, hydrogen fuel cells convert chemical energy in fuel into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, achieving clean and sustainable energy utilization. They are an important component of new power systems and a key technology carrier for achieving the "double carbon" goal, with advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, zero emissions, and no noise. Most hydrogen fuel cell technologies today are concentrated on land, with wide applications in new energy vehicles, energy storage, and distributed power generation. In addition, the development and application of small-power hydrogen fuel cells in portable power sources, mobile distributed power sources, and household heat and power cogeneration systems have gradually become a hot topic to reduce human dependence on fossil fuels. However, during the operation of hydrogen fuel cells, how to improve their performance has been a research focus and challenge. In comparison, the application of hydrogen fuel cells in ships is still in the research stage.

[0003] With the booming development of maritime trade, marine environmental protection is increasingly valued. Ship domestic sewage treatment has received significant attention in the field of ship management. Ship sewage treatment devices are mainly used to purify ship domestic sewage and grey water, and to discharge domestic sewage and grey water on board after purification treatment in accordance with national discharge standards. Therefore, this device is also one of the indispensable anti-pollution equipment during ship navigation.

[0004] For ship domestic sewage treatment methods, electrochemical, physical-chemical, and biological-chemical methods are more popular. Among them, the ship domestic sewage treatment method combining activated sludge method and biofilm method in biological-chemical method is widely used. The treatment device itself consists of three modules, namely aeration tank, contact tank, and sedimentation-disinfection tank. The aeration tank contains activated sludge, the contact tank suspends soft biofilm material, and the sedimentation tank is arranged in the disinfection tank for sedimentation and disinfection work. Due to its strong load capacity, small size, and good treatment performance, it has strong applicability in the field of sewage treatment. However, its energy demand needs to be optimized. SUMMARY

[0005] According to the above technical problem, a hydrogen fuel cell system combined with a ship domestic sewage treatment device is provided.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0007] The application discloses a hydrogen fuel cell system combined with a ship sewage treatment device, which comprises an aeration tank connected with a sewage collecting tank through a one-way valve, wherein a fan is connected with the aeration tank, a power supply end of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected with the fan through a switch to supply power to the fan, a water outlet of the fuel cell is connected with a heat exchanger to heat the aeration tank, and an outlet of the aeration tank is connected with an inlet of a contact tank; the system further comprises a precipitation and disinfection tank, which has a filter partition plate for separating the space of the tank into a precipitation chamber and a disinfection chamber; an outlet of the contact tank is connected with an inlet of the precipitation chamber, an outlet of the precipitation chamber is connected with an outside of a ship through a first valve and a crushing pump, and an outlet of the disinfection chamber is connected with the outside of the ship through a second electromagnetic valve; a medicine inlet of the disinfection chamber is connected with a medicine storage tank through a medicine adding pump.

[0008] The sewage in the sewage collecting tank flows into the aeration tank through the one-way valve, the hydrogen fuel cell supplies power to the fan, the fan controls the content of dissolved oxygen in the aeration tank, so that the sewage and activated sludge with aerobic bacteria in the aeration tank are digested and decomposed under the condition of oxygen supply, the heat emitted by the hydrogen fuel cell heats the aeration tank through the heat exchanger, and the digestion and decomposition environment is created for the activated sludge; the digested and decomposed sewage enters the contact tank and is in contact with soft biofilm fillers hung in the contact tank to be oxidized and decomposed, then the sewage enters the precipitation chamber, the residual activated sludge and impurities in the sewage are precipitated in the precipitation chamber, and the water is disinfected in the disinfection chamber through the filter partition plate, and the disinfected water is discharged to the outside of the ship.

[0009] Preferably, the water outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected with a water inlet of the heat exchanger through a first electromagnetic valve, a water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the outside of the ship, a gas inlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a gas pump, and a gas outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the aeration tank through a pipeline, so that the gas entering the aeration tank is heated by the water of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the aeration tank is further heated.

[0010] Preferably, a temperature sensor is arranged in the aeration tank, the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature in the aeration tank, and the first electromagnetic valve is closed when the temperature in the aeration tank reaches a set value.

[0011] Preferably, a dissolved oxygen sensor is arranged in the aeration tank, the dissolved oxygen sensor is used for detecting the content of dissolved oxygen in the aeration tank, and the switch is disconnected when the content of dissolved oxygen reaches a set value.

[0012] Preferably, the disinfection chamber has a liquid level sensor, which monitors the liquid level of the disinfection chamber, when the detected value is lower than the low liquid level setting value, the second electromagnetic valve is closed, when the detected value is higher than the middle liquid level setting value, the dosing pump is opened, and when the opening time reaches the setting value, the dosing pump is closed, and after the dosing pump is closed, the second electromagnetic valve is opened after a delay.

[0013] Preferably, the first valve is a first three-way valve, the outlet of the sedimentation chamber is connected to the first end of the first three-way valve through a pipeline, the second end of the first three-way valve is connected to the crushing pump, and the third end of the first three-way valve is connected to the aeration tank through a first centrifugal pump; a small part of the activated sludge deposited in the sedimentation chamber is returned to the aeration tank through the first three-way valve for use as a seed culture and for reprocessing, and most of the activated sludge deposited in the sedimentation chamber is discharged outside the ship after being crushed by the crushing pump.

[0014] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell has a cooling cavity outside;

[0015] The second electromagnetic valve connected to the outlet of the disinfection chamber is connected to the first end of a second three-way valve through a pipeline, the second end of the second three-way valve is connected to a pipeline communicating with the outside of the ship, and the third end of the second three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the cooling cavity through a second centrifugal pump, and the outlet of the cooling cavity is connected to a pipeline communicating with the outside of the ship.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The electric energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell is transmitted to the fan assembly of the sewage treatment device to provide a source of energy for the operation of the fan, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the device.

[0018] 2. The heat energy is transmitted to the aeration tank through the heat exchanger, which accelerates the digestion and decomposition of the activated sludge on the sewage, further improves the energy utilization rate and reduces heat loss, and does not need to provide an additional heating device, thereby simplifying the system structure.

[0019] 3. The treated sewage is not directly discharged outside the ship, but a part of it is continuously taken away by the hydrogen fuel cell cooling pipeline to prevent the temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell from being too high, thereby making the operation more reliable and safe and performing secondary utilization of the sewage.

[0020] 4. The system combining the shipboard domestic sewage treatment device with the hydrogen fuel cell improves the energy utilization rate and is environmentally friendly and pollution-free in the entire process.

[0021] Based on the above reasons, the present application can be widely popularized in the field of shipboard sewage treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these accompanying drawings without any creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A hydrogen fuel cell system layout combined with a ship sewage treatment device.

[0024] In the figure: 1, hydrogen fuel cell; 2, switch; 3, fan; 4, dissolved oxygen sensor; 5, first electromagnetic valve; 6, heat exchanger; 7, air pump; 8, temperature sensor; 9, aeration tank; 10, sewage collecting cabin; 11, one-way valve; 12, contact tank; 13, sedimentation chamber; 14, filter baffle; 15, disinfection chamber; 16, liquid level sensor; 17, medicine storage box; 18, dosing pump; 19, control unit; 20, second electromagnetic valve; 21, first centrifugal pump; 22, first three-way valve; 23, crushing pump; 24, second centrifugal pump; 25, second three-way valve; 26, outboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a feature, step, operation, device, component and / or combination thereof.

[0028] The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the application. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the application to the exact construction and practice described. Accordingly, all such variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as defined in the following claims, along with full equivalents thereof.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation terms such as "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "transverse", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are merely for the convenience of describing and simplifying the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. The orientation terms "inner", "outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of the components themselves.

[0030] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "over", "above", "upper surface", "upper", etc. can be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with respect to other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the devices described in the drawings. For example, if the devices in the drawings are inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "under" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below" orientations. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0031] In addition, it should be noted that the use of the terms "first", "second", etc. to define parts of components is merely for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding parts of components, and the above terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] As Figure 1As shown, a hydrogen fuel cell system combined with a ship sewage treatment device includes an aeration tank 9 connected with a sewage collecting tank 10 through a one-way valve 11, sewage from toilets, medical rooms and discharge outlets is collected in the sewage collecting tank 10 and is led into the aeration tank 9 through the one-way valve 11.

[0033] The aeration tank 9 is connected with a fan 3, and a power output end of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is connected with the fan 3 through a switch 2 to supply power for the fan 3, and the hydrogen fuel cell 1 can generate electric energy, heat energy and water, the generated electric energy is transmitted to the small fan 3 to make it work, thereby controlling the dissolved oxygen content in the aeration tank 9, so that the activated sludge zooglea mainly composed of aerobic bacteria in the aeration tank 9 can digest and decompose organic substances in the sewage under the condition of oxygen supply.

[0034] In order to improve the digestion and decomposition efficiency, a water outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is connected with a water inlet of a heat exchanger 6 through a first electromagnetic valve 5, a water outlet of the heat exchanger 6 is connected with the outside 26, a gas inlet of the heat exchanger 6 is connected with a gas pump, and a gas outlet of the heat exchanger 6 is connected with the aeration tank 9 through a pipeline, the high-temperature water of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is used to heat the gas entering the aeration tank 9, and the aeration tank 9 is further heated to create a better digestion and decomposition environment for the activated sludge inside, and the water after heat exchange is discharged to the outside 26 together with excess sludge. Meanwhile, a dissolved oxygen sensor 4 and a temperature sensor 8 in the aeration tank 9 detect the dissolved oxygen concentration and temperature in the aeration tank, and when the dissolved oxygen concentration and temperature reach the set values (1-2 mg / L and 25-35℃), the switch 2 and the first electromagnetic valve 5 are closed.

[0035] An outlet of the aeration tank 9 is connected with an inlet of a contact tank 12, and soft biofilm fillers are hung in the contact tank, and a lot of protozoa are gathered in the biofilm fillers, so that when the organic substances in the sewage contact the biofilm, they are further oxidized and decomposed.

[0036] The contact tank 12 is connected with the inlet of the sedimentation chamber 13, the outlet of the sedimentation chamber 13 is connected with the first end of the first three-way valve 22, the sedimentation chamber 13 is funnel-shaped at the bottom, and the outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the funnel, the second end of the first three-way valve 22 is connected with the crushing pump 23, and the third end of the first three-way valve 22 is connected with the aeration tank 9 through the first centrifugal pump 21; by setting the power of the first centrifugal pump 21, a small part of the activated sludge deposited in the sedimentation chamber 13 is returned to the aeration tank 9 through the first three-way valve 22 for use as a bacterial strain for reproduction and reprocessing, and most of the activated sludge deposited in the sedimentation chamber 13 is discharged outside the ship 26 after being crushed by the crushing pump 23.

[0037] The medicine inlet of the disinfection chamber 15 is connected with the medicine storage box 17 through the dosing pump 18; the disinfection chamber 15 disinfects the sewage from the sedimentation chamber 13, the second electromagnetic valve 20 is arranged at the outlet of the disinfection chamber 15, the liquid level sensor 16 is arranged in the disinfection chamber 15, the liquid level sensor 16 monitors the liquid level of the disinfection chamber 15, when the detection value is the low liquid level setting value, the second electromagnetic valve 20 is closed, when the detection value is the middle liquid level setting value, the dosing pump 18 is opened, and when the dosing pump 18 is opened, the dosing pump 18 is closed after reaching the setting value (about 5s), and after the dosing pump 18 is closed, the second electromagnetic valve 20 is opened after a one-minute delay, so as to provide a certain time for the mixing of the liquid medicine. The hydrogen fuel cell 1 has a cooling cavity outside; the second electromagnetic valve 20 is connected with the first end of the second three-way valve 25 through a pipeline, the second end of the second three-way valve 25 is connected with a pipeline communicating with the outside of the ship 26, the third end of the second three-way valve 26 is connected with the inlet of the cooling cavity through the second centrifugal pump 24, and the outlet of the cooling cavity is connected with a pipeline communicating with the outside of the ship. The part of the heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 1 is taken away by the water after disinfection, so as to cool the hydrogen fuel cell 1.

[0038] The switch 2, the first electromagnetic valve 5, the second electromagnetic valve 20, the liquid level sensor 16, the dosing pump, the first centrifugal pump 21, the second centrifugal pump 24, the air pump 7, the temperature sensor 8 and the dissolved oxygen sensor 4 in the embodiment are electrically connected with the control unit 19, the control unit 19 is used for regulating and controlling the above-mentioned devices, and the flow of water in the application can rely on gravity or rely on the transmission of the pump, and only the flow direction needs to be ensured without too many requirements.

[0039] The valve connection is adopted in the component connection in the application, the medium flow direction is convenient to control, and the medium flow can rely on gravity or be driven by a pump, and only the set flow direction needs to be met.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application, but not to limit them; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell system integrated with a shipboard sewage treatment device, characterized in that, The system includes an aeration cabinet connected to a sludge collection tank via a one-way valve. The aeration cabinet is connected to a blower, and the power supply terminal of a hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the blower via a switch to power the blower. The water outlet of the fuel cell is connected to a heat exchanger, which heats the aeration cabinet. The outlet of the aeration cabinet is connected to the inlet of a contact cabinet. The system also includes a sedimentation and disinfection cabinet, which has a filter partition dividing its space into a sedimentation chamber and a disinfection chamber. The outlet of the contact cabinet is connected to the inlet of the sedimentation chamber. The outlet of the sedimentation chamber is connected to the outside via a first valve and a pulverizing pump. The outlet of the disinfection chamber is connected to the outside via a second solenoid valve. The chemical inlet of the disinfection chamber is connected to a chemical storage tank via a dosing pump. The first valve is a first three-way valve. The outlet of the sedimentation chamber is connected to the first end of the first three-way valve via a pipeline. The second end of the first three-way valve is connected to the pulverizing pump. The third end of the first three-way valve is connected to the aeration cabinet via a first centrifugal pump. A small portion of the activated sludge settled in the sedimentation chamber will be returned to the aeration tank through the first three-way valve for use as a microbial inoculum and for further treatment. Most of the activated sludge deposited in the sedimentation chamber will be discharged overboard after being crushed by the pulverizing pump. The hydrogen fuel cell has a cooling chamber on its exterior. The second solenoid valve, which is connected to the outlet of the disinfection chamber, is connected to the first end of the second three-way valve via a pipeline. The second end of the second three-way valve is connected to the pipeline connecting to the outside of the ship. The third end of the second three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the cooling chamber via a second centrifugal pump. The outlet of the cooling chamber is connected to the pipeline connecting to the outside of the ship. Wastewater stored in the sludge collection tank flows into the aeration tank through the one-way valve. The hydrogen fuel cell powers the blower, which regulates the dissolved oxygen content in the aeration tank, allowing the wastewater and activated sludge containing aerobic bacteria to digest and decompose their organic matter under oxygenated conditions. The heat emitted by the hydrogen fuel cell heats the aeration tank through the heat exchanger, creating a digestive and decomposition environment for the activated sludge. After digestion and decomposition, the wastewater enters the contact tank and comes into contact with the suspended soft biofilm packing material for oxidative decomposition. Then, the wastewater enters the sedimentation chamber, where residual activated sludge and impurities settle. The water then passes through the filter baffle into the disinfection chamber for disinfection, and the disinfected water is discharged overboard.

2. A hydrogen fuel cell system combined with a shipboard sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger via a first solenoid valve. The water outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the outside of the ship. The gas inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the gas pump. The gas outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the aeration tank via a pipeline. The water from the hydrogen fuel cell heats the gas entering the aeration tank, thereby heating the aeration tank.

3. A hydrogen fuel cell system combined with a shipboard sewage treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A temperature sensor is installed inside the aeration chamber to detect the temperature inside the aeration chamber. When the temperature inside the aeration chamber reaches the set value, the first solenoid valve closes.

4. A hydrogen fuel cell system combined with a shipboard sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aeration chamber is equipped with a dissolved oxygen sensor, which is used to detect the dissolved oxygen content in the aeration chamber. When the dissolved oxygen content reaches a set value, the switch is turned off.

5. A hydrogen fuel cell system combined with a shipboard sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disinfection chamber is equipped with a liquid level sensor, which monitors the liquid level in the disinfection chamber. When the detected value is a low liquid level set value, the second solenoid valve closes. When the detected value is a medium liquid level set value, the dosing pump turns on. After the set value is reached, the dosing pump turns off. After the dosing pump turns off, the second solenoid valve opens after a delay.

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