Highway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange fusion equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to sewage treatment and energy exchange fusion equipment for a highway service area. The sewage treatment and energy exchange fusion equipment comprises a classification pretreatment module, a graded water distribution regulation and control module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an aerobic treatment module, a nitrogen and phosphorus removal module, a precipitation treatment module, a monitoring module and a control module which are connected in sequence, the classification pretreatment module is used for performing targeted pretreatment on sewage in different functional zones of a service area, removing corresponding core pollutants and then converging the sewage into the grading water distribution regulation and control module; the graded water distribution regulation and control module is used for realizing accurate convergence and water quality and water quantity balance of sewage pretreated in each subarea, and is provided with an overrunning pipeline and a matched switching valve group; the anaerobic fermentation module adopts an integrated reactor, and can switch operation modes according to the water quality characteristics of inlet water; the aerobic treatment module adopts a graded aeration structure to realize an anoxic-aerobic synergistic reaction; the energy recovery module is used for recovering biomass energy generated by the classification pretreatment module and the anaerobic fermentation module; the precipitation treatment module realizes solid-liquid separation of activated sludge and effluent, and is provided with a sludge grading reflux unit; the monitoring module collects water quality and water quantity indexes in the whole process, and the control module is linked with execution components of all the function modules to achieve accurate regulation and control of operation parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, and in particular to a wastewater treatment and energy exchange system for highway service areas. Background Technology

[0002] As an important supporting facility of the transportation network, highway service areas serve functions such as passenger rest, vehicle replenishment, and maintenance. Consequently, the resulting wastewater is generated from dispersed sources, exhibiting complex and significantly varying water quality. Existing highway service area wastewater treatment systems generally adopt the traditional model of "centralized collection + unified treatment," failing to implement differentiated pretreatment based on the characteristics of wastewater from different functional zones. This leads to numerous problems, including poor system stability, low effluent compliance rates, and high operation and maintenance costs.

[0003] Specifically, existing technologies suffer from the following core defects: First, inaccurate wastewater classification, combining gas station wastewater and maintenance area wastewater for treatment. The pollutant composition of these two types of wastewater differs significantly—gas station wastewater is primarily composed of petroleum-based pollutants, with a relatively simple composition; maintenance area wastewater, in addition to petroleum-based pollutants, also contains heavy metals (such as lead, zinc, and chromium), volatile phenols, rubber debris, and other more toxic pollutants. If the combined treatment is designed according to gas station wastewater standards, heavy metals in the maintenance area wastewater cannot be effectively removed, easily disrupting the microbial balance of subsequent biological treatment processes. Conversely, if designed according to maintenance area wastewater standards, it leads to overtreatment of gas station wastewater, increasing chemical and energy costs. Second, the lack of separate pretreatment allows core pollutants such as hair from domestic sewage, high-concentration grease from catering wastewater, and high suspended solids from car wash wastewater to directly enter subsequent reactors, easily causing equipment blockage, inhibiting microbial activity, and reducing treatment efficiency. Third, poor process adaptability. The fixed operating parameters of core treatment modules such as anaerobic and aerobic processes cannot adapt to changes in water quality and quantity caused by fluctuations in passenger flow, resulting in excessive effluent quality under high load and energy waste under low load. Fourth, the level of automation and control is low, and there is a lack of precise monitoring and inflow ratio control mechanisms for sewage in each zone, making it difficult to cope with sudden changes in water quality and resulting in weak system resistance to shocks.

[0004] Furthermore, the transportation sector faces significant carbon emission pressures due to global climate change, coupled with my country's "dual carbon" goals and energy security needs, making the development of new technologies for integrated transportation and energy development inevitable. Currently, both the transportation and energy industries are undergoing structural transformation. The trend of transportation energy consumption shifting towards electrification is evident, while energy systems are upgrading towards an integrated "source-grid-load-storage" system. Breakthroughs in technologies such as photovoltaics, 5G, and AI provide support for deep integration between the two sectors, while also responding to the industry's demand for transportation infrastructure to transform from an "energy consumer" to a "prosumer."

[0005] Therefore, developing a wastewater treatment and energy recovery system that can accurately distinguish wastewater from different zones in highway service areas, implement targeted pretreatment, and achieve dynamic adaptation and intelligent control of process parameters has become a key requirement for overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies and improving the wastewater treatment effect in highway service areas. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment and energy integration device for highway service areas, comprising a classification pretreatment module, a graded water distribution and control module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an aerobic treatment module, a nitrogen and phosphorus removal module, a sedimentation and disposal module, an energy recovery module, a monitoring module, and a control module connected in sequence. The classification pretreatment module is used to perform targeted pretreatment of sewage from different functional zones of the service area, removing the corresponding core pollutants before it is fed into the graded water distribution and control module. The graded water distribution and control module is used to achieve precise inflow of pretreated sewage from each zone and balance of water quality and quantity, and is equipped with bypass pipelines and matching switching valve groups. The anaerobic fermentation module uses an integrated reactor, and the operating mode can be switched according to the characteristics of the influent water quality; The aerobic treatment module adopts a staged aeration structure to achieve a synergistic reaction between anoxic and aerobic processes; The sedimentation treatment module achieves solid-liquid separation between activated sludge and effluent, and is equipped with a sludge grading and reflux unit. The energy recovery module is used to recover biomass energy generated by the sorting and pretreatment module and the anaerobic fermentation module; The monitoring module collects water quality and quantity indicators throughout the entire process, and the control module works in conjunction with the execution components of each functional module to achieve precise control of operating parameters.

[0007] Furthermore, the bypass pipeline of the tiered water distribution control module includes at least three independent branches, including: (1) First bypass branch: connects the outlet of the graded water distribution control module and the inlet of the denitrification and phosphorus removal module. When the COD of the effluent from the graded water distribution control module is ≤300mg / L, ammonia nitrogen is ≤15mg / L, and TP is ≤0.5mg / L, the control module opens the switching valve of the first bypass branch and closes the inlet valves of the anaerobic fermentation module and the aerobic treatment module. The sewage skips the anaerobic fermentation module and the aerobic treatment module and directly enters the denitrification and phosphorus removal module. (2) Second bypass branch: connects the outlet of the graded water distribution control module and the inlet of the aerobic treatment module. When the COD of the effluent from the graded water distribution control module is ≤800mg / L, ammonia nitrogen is ≤50mg / L, and TP is ≤2mg / L, the control module opens the switching valve of the second bypass branch and closes the inlet valve of the anaerobic fermentation module. The sewage skips the anaerobic fermentation module and directly enters the aerobic treatment module. (3) Third bypass branch: connects the outlet of the graded water distribution control module and the inlet of the sedimentation treatment module. When the COD of the effluent from the graded water distribution control module is ≤100mg / L, ammonia nitrogen is ≤5mg / L, and TP is ≤0.2mg / L, the control module opens the switching valve of the third bypass branch and closes the inlet valves of the anaerobic fermentation module, the aerobic treatment module and the denitrification and phosphorus removal module, and the sewage directly enters the sedimentation treatment module. (4) When any indicator of the effluent from the graded water distribution control module exceeds the corresponding threshold, the control module closes all bypass branches, and the sewage passes through each treatment module in sequence according to the main process.

[0008] Furthermore, the tiered water distribution control module adopts a primary access control strategy, the specific scheme of which is as follows: Each unit outlet of the classification and pretreatment module is equipped with a water quality monitoring point, and the wastewater access thresholds for each unit are preset, namely: COD ≤ 800 mg / L for domestic wastewater, oil content ≤ 5 mg / L for catering wastewater, TP ≤ 10 mg / L for car wash wastewater, benzene series compounds ≤ 0.5 mg / L for gas station wastewater, heavy metals ≤ 10 mg / L for maintenance wastewater, SS ≤ 200 mg / L for initial rainwater, and COD ≤ 500 mg / L for greening and cleaning wastewater; When the wastewater indicators of a certain unit exceed the standard, the control module closes the flow control valve of the branch pipe into that unit and introduces the wastewater exceeding the standard into the emergency storage tank for enhanced treatment. The enhanced treatment adopts a combination of chemical addition and stirring reaction. Specifically, when catering wastewater exceeds the standard, polyaluminum chloride flocculant is added; when maintenance wastewater exceeds the standard for heavy metals, EDTA chelating agent is added; and when other types of wastewater exceed the standard, oxidant is added. The stirring reaction time is 30 minutes. After the standard is met, the wastewater is returned to the graded water distribution and control module.

[0009] Furthermore, the tiered water distribution control module also adopts a two-stage precise proportioning control strategy, the specific scheme of which is as follows: The control module presets the regular inflow ratio of sewage in each zone, which is 60%-70% for domestic sewage, 10%-15% for catering sewage, 8%-12% for car wash sewage, ≤3% for gas station sewage, ≤2% for maintenance sewage, 0-10% for initial rainwater, and 5%-15% for greening and cleaning wastewater. Based on the COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP, and pH indicators of the mixed wastewater within the graded water distribution and control module, four types of control sub-strategies are implemented. The specific judgment criteria and control schemes for each strategy are as follows: (1) Insufficient carbon source. If COD≤500mg / L, increase the proportion of catering wastewater into the system to 18%-25%, and at the same time reduce the proportion of greening and cleaning wastewater into the system to below 5%. (2) If the load is too high, and the COD is ≥1500mg / L, increase the proportion of initial rainwater or greening and cleaning wastewater to 15%-20%, and at the same time reduce the proportion of catering wastewater to 8%-10%; (3) Nitrogen and phosphorus imbalance: If ammonia nitrogen ≥100mg / L or TP ≥5mg / L, increase the proportion of domestic sewage entering the system to 70%-75% and reduce the proportion of car wash sewage entering the system to below 5%; (4) Acid-base imbalance, if pH < 6.5 or pH > 8.5; if pH < 6.5, increase the proportion of greening and cleaning wastewater to 15%-20%; if pH > 8.5, increase the proportion of initial rainwater to 15%-20%. By adjusting the opening of the flow control valves of the branch pipes into which sewage flows from each zone, the water quality of the mixed sewage can be balanced.

[0010] Furthermore, the anaerobic fermentation module adopts a UASB-AnMBR integrated reactor, including a UASB reaction zone, an AnMBR membrane separation zone, a pulse water distribution device, a gas collection device, and an ORP monitoring probe; the control module comprehensively determines the operating mode based on the SS content of the mixed wastewater, the proportion of wastewater in each zone, COD concentration, oil content, and VFA concentration. The specific switching logic is as follows: (1) UASB dominant mode: When SS≥80mg / L and the proportion of car wash wastewater>50%, the suction pump of AnMBR membrane separation zone is turned off, and the sewage is only treated by UASB reaction zone, and ORP is controlled at -300~-350mV; (2) AnMBR dominant mode: When the proportion of catering wastewater is >30%, COD ≥2000mg / L, oil content ≤5mg / L and VFA ≥800mg / L, the suction pump of the AnMBR membrane separation zone is started. The wastewater is treated in the UASB reaction zone and then enters the AnMBR membrane separation zone for deep treatment. The ORP is controlled at -200~-280mV. (3) Collaborative operation mode: In addition to the above two operating conditions, adjust the frequency of the suction pump in the AnMBR membrane separation zone so that the membrane separation water volume accounts for 30%-60% of the total treated water volume, and control the ORP at -250~-320mV; The anaerobic fermentation module is also equipped with an online VFA monitoring and reflux dilution device. When VFA > 1200 mg / L, the control module reduces the influent load and refluxes the anaerobic effluent back to the influent end at a ratio of 1:1 to 2:1. (1) UASB dominant mode: The suction pump in the AnMBR membrane separation zone is turned off, and the wastewater is treated only in the UASB reaction zone; (2) AnMBR dominant mode: Start the suction pump in the AnMBR membrane separation zone, and the sewage is treated in the UASB reaction zone and then enters the AnMBR membrane separation zone for deep treatment; (3) Collaborative operation mode: Adjust the frequency of the suction pump in the AnMBR membrane separation zone so that the membrane separation water volume accounts for 30%-60% of the total treated water volume; The anaerobic fermentation module is also equipped with an online VFA monitoring and reflux dilution device. When the VFA exceeds the standard, the control module reduces the influent load and refluxes the anaerobic effluent back to the influent end in proportion.

[0011] Furthermore, the aerobic treatment module includes a graded aeration structure of "pre-anoxic zone + primary aerobic zone + secondary aerobic zone". Each zone is separated by a guide wall and is equipped with an ORP / DO monitoring probe and an aeration device. The aeration device uses microporous aerators with a pore size of 2-3mm, which are evenly distributed on the bottom of each zone and provided with aeration air source by a variable frequency fan. A return channel and return pump are set between the pre-anoxic zone and the primary and secondary aerobic zones to realize the circulation and return of the mixed liquor.

[0012] Furthermore, the control module implements a differentiated dissolved oxygen gradient adjustment strategy based on wastewater volume, COD, and ammonia nitrogen concentration, while simultaneously controlling the mixed liquor recirculation ratio via a recirculation pump. The specific control logic is as follows: (1) Mixed liquor reflux ratio control: Under normal operating conditions, the mixed liquor reflux ratio is controlled at 100%-200%. When ammonia nitrogen > 150 mg / L, the reflux ratio is increased to 200%-250%. (2) Dissolved oxygen gradient regulation: ① High load conditions: ORP 0~50mV in the pre-oxygen-deficient zone, DO 1.8-2.0mg / L in the primary aerobic zone, DO 1.5-1.7mg / L in the secondary aerobic zone, and frequency of the variable frequency fan 40-50Hz; ② Medium load conditions: ORP 50~100mV in the pre-anoxic zone, DO 1.2-1.5mg / L in the primary aerobic zone, DO 1.0-1.2mg / L in the secondary aerobic zone, and variable frequency fan frequency 25-40Hz; ③Low load conditions: ORP 100~150mV in the pre-oxygen-deficient zone, DO 0.8-1.0mg / L in the primary aerobic zone, DO 0.5-0.8mg / L in the secondary aerobic zone, and frequency of the variable frequency fan 20-25Hz; ④ Nitrification enhancement mode: aerobic retention time is extended to 8-10h, ORP in the pre-anoxic zone is 0~50mV, DO in the primary aerobic zone is 1.5-1.8mg / L, DO in the secondary aerobic zone is 1.2-1.5mg / L, and sludge concentration is increased to 3000-4000mg / L.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy recovery module includes a biogas collection unit, a biogas purification unit, a biogas storage unit, and an energy conversion unit connected in sequence. The biogas collection unit is sealed to the biogas outlet of the anaerobic fermentation module for centralized collection of biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation. The biogas purification unit removes hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, moisture, and impurities from the biogas to obtain high-purity methane gas. The biogas storage unit stores the purified biogas under low pressure in a sealed manner and is equipped with a pressure monitoring component linked to the control module. The energy conversion unit uses a biogas generator to convert the chemical energy of the biogas into electrical energy, and the electrical energy output is connected to the service area's power supply system or energy storage equipment.

[0014] Furthermore, the sludge classification and recirculation unit of the sedimentation treatment module includes a sludge pump, dual recirculation branch pipes, a flow monitoring device, a switching valve, and a sludge characteristic detection unit. The sludge characteristic detection unit is used to collect data on the microbial composition, moisture content, and heavy metal content of the concentrated sludge. The control module determines the sludge recirculation path based on the detection data, and the specific diversion strategy is as follows: (1) When the proportion of anaerobic bacteria in the concentrated sludge is ≥40%, the moisture content is ≥95% and the heavy metal content is ≤50mg / kg, the control module opens the first return branch switching valve and returns 30%-40% of the concentrated sludge to the inlet of the anaerobic fermentation module through the sludge pump. (2) When the proportion of aerobic nitrifying bacteria in the concentrated sludge is ≥30%, the moisture content is ≥95% and the heavy metal content is ≤50mg / kg, the control module opens the second return branch switching valve and returns 40%-50% of the concentrated sludge to the pre-anoxic zone of the aerobic treatment module through the sludge pump. (3) When the heavy metal content of the concentrated sludge is >50mg / kg or the moisture content is ≤80%, the control module closes the dual-circuit return branch switching valve and introduces the sludge into the residual sludge treatment unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the wastewater from different functional zones within the service area includes: Domestic sewage, sewage from catering areas, sewage from car wash areas, sewage from gas stations, sewage from repair areas, initial rainwater, and wastewater from landscaping and cleaning.

[0016] This invention provides a wastewater treatment and energy integration device for highway service areas. The modules are connected in series via pipelines to form a main treatment process of "differentiated pretreatment → graded water distribution and regulation → anaerobic fermentation → aerobic treatment → nitrogen and phosphorus removal → sedimentation disposal," achieving at least the following technical effects: (1) Construct a full-process collaborative architecture of "differentiated pretreatment - graded regulation - core treatment - sedimentation resource utilization", clarify the core functional positioning of each module, and solve the problems of large water quality fluctuation and low treatment efficiency caused by the mixed treatment of existing technologies, laying a structural foundation for subsequent graded optimization and regulation; (2) The classification pretreatment module is integrated into the basic unit of the system to achieve the reduction of pre-pollutants in different types of wastewater, reduce the treatment load of subsequent modules, and improve the system's resistance to shocks. Compared with the system without classification pretreatment, the load fluctuation of subsequent modules is reduced by 40%-50%. (3) Through the monitoring-control linkage mechanism, the operating status of each module is accurately adapted, the system operation stability is improved, and the water discharge compliance rate is ≥99%, which is better than the average level of 95% of the existing technology; (4) The overall structural design takes into account both functionality and compatibility. The parameters of each module can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of sewage in different service areas. It has strong adaptability and broadens the application scenarios of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a highway service area sewage treatment and energy integration device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., these directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. Furthermore, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions such as "first," "second," "S1," "S2," "step one," "step two," etc., these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of method execution. Those skilled in the art will understand that anything that does not violate the inventive concept and is within the scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment and energy integration device for highway service areas, comprising a classification pretreatment module, a graded water distribution and control module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an aerobic treatment module, a nitrogen and phosphorus removal module, a sedimentation treatment module, an energy recovery module, a monitoring module, and a control module connected in sequence. The classification pretreatment module is used to perform targeted pretreatment of sewage from different functional zones of the service area, removing the corresponding core pollutants before it is fed into the graded water distribution and control module. The graded water distribution and control module is used to achieve precise inflow of pretreated sewage from each zone and balance of water quality and quantity, and is equipped with bypass pipelines and matching switching valve groups. The anaerobic fermentation module uses an integrated reactor, and the operating mode can be switched according to the characteristics of the influent water quality; The aerobic treatment module adopts a staged aeration structure to achieve a synergistic reaction between anoxic and aerobic processes; The sedimentation treatment module achieves solid-liquid separation between activated sludge and effluent, and is equipped with a sludge grading and reflux unit. The energy recovery module is used to recover biomass energy generated by the sorting and pretreatment module and the anaerobic fermentation module; The monitoring module collects water quality and quantity indicators throughout the entire process, and the control module works in conjunction with the execution components of each functional module to achieve precise control of operating parameters.

[0021] Preferably, the classification pretreatment module sets up independent pretreatment units for wastewater from various functional zones within the service area, and the outlets of each unit are connected to the main distribution pipe of the graded water distribution and control module via branch pipes; examples include: (1) Domestic sewage pretreatment unit: adopts a combination structure of "grit + grit chamber"; (2) Wastewater pretreatment unit in the catering area: adopts a combination structure of "oil separator + screening machine"; (3) Wastewater pretreatment unit in car wash area: adopts a combination structure of "sedimentation tank + quartz sand filter"; (4) Gas station wastewater pretreatment unit: adopts a combination structure of "oil-water separator + air flotation device"; (5) Wastewater pretreatment unit in maintenance area: adopts a combination structure of "grid + oil-water separator + air flotation device + heavy metal chelation reaction tank"; (6) Initial rainwater pretreatment unit: adopts a combination structure of “initial rainwater collection tank + bar screen + sedimentation tank”; (7) Greening and cleaning wastewater pretreatment unit: adopts "fine screen" structure.

[0022] The graded water distribution and control module has a built-in mixing and regulating tank, an emergency storage tank, and an bypass pipeline. The bypass pipeline is connected to the inlet of the aerobic treatment module, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal module, and the sedimentation treatment module, respectively. The anaerobic fermentation module uses a UASB-AnMBR integrated reactor with a volume of 80m³. 3 ; The total volume of the aerobic treatment module is 100m³. 3 It adopts a structure of "pre-hypoxia zone + two-stage aerobic zone"; The sedimentation treatment module includes a radial flow secondary sedimentation tank, a sludge thickening tank, and a sludge classification and return pump set. The monitoring module sets up detection points at the inlet and outlet of each module to collect indicators such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP, SS, and ORP; The control module uses a PLC, which establishes linkage control with the valve group, pump body, fan and other actuators of each module through relays.

[0023] During operation, various types of wastewater undergo pretreatment by a classification module to remove core pollutants before flowing into a tiered water distribution and control module. A monitoring module collects water quality data in real time, and a control module determines whether to activate the bypass pipeline based on water quality conditions. If not activated, the wastewater proceeds sequentially through anaerobic fermentation, aerobic treatment, and nitrogen and phosphorus removal modules according to the main process, finally entering a sedimentation module for solid-liquid separation and resource recovery. Notably, the key to this invention lies in how to combine conventional pretreatment units, anaerobic units, aerobic units, nitrogen and phosphorus removal units, and sedimentation units for application in complex wastewater scenarios such as highway service areas, thereby improving wastewater treatment efficiency and quality in these scenarios.

[0024] This embodiment presents a wastewater treatment and energy integration device for highway service areas according to the present invention. The modules are connected in series via pipelines to form a main treatment process of "differentiated pretreatment → graded water distribution and regulation → anaerobic fermentation → aerobic treatment → nitrogen and phosphorus removal → sedimentation disposal," which has at least the following technical effects: (1) Construct a full-process collaborative architecture of "differentiated pretreatment - graded regulation - core treatment - sedimentation resource utilization", clarify the core functional positioning of each module, and solve the problems of large water quality fluctuation and low treatment efficiency caused by the mixed treatment of existing technologies, laying a structural foundation for subsequent graded optimization and regulation; (2) The classification pretreatment module is integrated into the basic unit of the system to achieve the reduction of pre-pollutants in different types of wastewater, reduce the treatment load of subsequent modules, and improve the system's resistance to shocks. Compared with the system without classification pretreatment, the load fluctuation of subsequent modules is reduced by 40%-50%. (3) Through the monitoring-control linkage mechanism, the operating status of each module is accurately adapted, the system operation stability is improved, and the water discharge compliance rate is ≥99%, which is better than the average level of 95% of the existing technology; (4) The overall structural design takes into account both functionality and compatibility. The parameters of each module can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of sewage in different service areas. It has strong adaptability and broadens the application scenarios of the system.

[0025] Preferably, the bypass pipeline of the tiered water distribution control module includes at least three independent branches, each equipped with an electric switching valve, a flow monitor, and a check valve. The specific switching scheme is as follows: (1) First bypass branch: connects the outlet of the graded water distribution control module and the inlet of the denitrification and phosphorus removal module. When the COD of the effluent from the graded water distribution control module is ≤300mg / L, ammonia nitrogen is ≤15mg / L, and TP is ≤0.5mg / L, the control module opens the electric switching valve of the first bypass branch and closes the inlet valves of the anaerobic fermentation module and the aerobic treatment module. The sewage skips the anaerobic fermentation module and the aerobic treatment module and directly enters the denitrification and phosphorus removal module. (2) Second bypass branch: connects the outlet of the graded water distribution control module and the inlet of the aerobic treatment module. When the COD of the effluent from the graded water distribution control module is ≤800mg / L, ammonia nitrogen is ≤50mg / L, and TP is ≤2mg / L, the control module opens the electric switching valve of the second bypass branch and closes the inlet valve of the anaerobic fermentation module. The sewage skips the anaerobic fermentation module and directly enters the aerobic treatment module. (3) Third bypass branch: connects the outlet of the graded water distribution control module and the inlet of the sedimentation treatment module. When the COD of the effluent from the graded water distribution control module is ≤100mg / L, ammonia nitrogen is ≤5mg / L, and TP is ≤0.2mg / L, the control module opens the electric switching valve of the third bypass branch and closes the inlet valves of the anaerobic fermentation module, the aerobic treatment module and the denitrification and phosphorus removal module. The sewage skips the above three modules and directly enters the sedimentation treatment module. (4) When any indicator of the effluent from the graded water distribution control module exceeds the corresponding threshold, the control module closes all bypass branches, and the sewage passes through each treatment module in sequence according to the main process.

[0026] In this embodiment, a water quality monitoring unit is set at the outlet of the graded water distribution and control module, which integrates online monitoring instruments for COD, ammonia nitrogen, and TP. The monitoring data is sampled every 20 minutes and transmitted to the control module in real time.

[0027] During operation, when the monitored data are COD=280mg / L, ammonia nitrogen=12mg / L, and TP=0.4mg / L, the control module immediately sends a signal to open the electric butterfly valve of the first bypass branch, while simultaneously closing the electric valves at the inlet of the anaerobic fermentation module and the aerobic treatment module. Wastewater then directly enters the nitrogen and phosphorus removal module via the first bypass branch. The electromagnetic flow meter provides real-time feedback of the flow rate (controlled at 50-60m³ / h). 3 / h); when the monitoring data are COD=900mg / L, ammonia nitrogen=60mg / L, TP=2.5mg / L, the control module closes all bypass branch electric butterfly valves, and the sewage enters the anaerobic fermentation module for treatment according to the main process.

[0028] This embodiment presents a solution for bypassing branches, which has at least the following technical advantages: (1) Through the precise design of three independent bypass branches, the switching threshold and process path under different water quality scenarios are clarified, which solves the problems of vague switching logic and single applicable scenarios of existing bypass pipelines, and improves the accuracy and operability of process switching. (2) Targeted skipping of high-energy-consuming modules (anaerobic fermentation, aerobic treatment) reduces system operating energy consumption when water quality is good. According to calculations, activating the first bypass branch can save 25%-30% of energy, and activating the third bypass branch can save 40%-45% of energy, significantly improving the system's economy. (3) Each branch is equipped with flow monitoring and check valve, which can monitor the overflow state in real time, avoid module pollution caused by sewage backflow, and provide data support for precise control of the control module, thereby improving the stability of system operation; (4) The switching threshold is set based on the actual monitoring data of sewage quality in highway service areas. It has strong adaptability and can cover most working conditions, providing a guarantee for the large-scale application of the system and improving the feasibility of implementation after authorization.

[0029] Preferably, the tiered water distribution control module adopts a first-level access control strategy, the specific scheme of which is as follows: Each unit outlet of the classification and pretreatment module is equipped with a water quality monitoring point, and the wastewater access thresholds for each unit are preset, namely: COD ≤ 800 mg / L for domestic wastewater, oil content ≤ 5 mg / L for catering wastewater, TP ≤ 10 mg / L for car wash wastewater, benzene series compounds ≤ 0.5 mg / L for gas station wastewater, heavy metals ≤ 10 mg / L for maintenance wastewater, SS ≤ 200 mg / L for initial rainwater, and COD ≤ 500 mg / L for greening and cleaning wastewater; When the wastewater indicators of a certain unit exceed the standard, the control module closes the flow control valve of the branch pipe into that unit and introduces the wastewater exceeding the standard into the emergency storage tank for enhanced treatment. The enhanced treatment adopts a combination of chemical addition and stirring reaction. Specifically, when catering wastewater exceeds the standard, polyaluminum chloride flocculant is added; when maintenance wastewater exceeds the standard for heavy metals, EDTA chelating agent is added; and when other types of wastewater exceed the standard, oxidant is added. The stirring reaction time is 30 minutes. After the standard is met, the wastewater is returned to the graded water distribution and control module.

[0030] In this embodiment, the graded water distribution and control module includes a main water distribution pipe, seven zoned inflow branch pipes (corresponding to seven types of sewage), and an emergency storage tank (10m³ volume). 3 The system includes an online monitoring subunit. Each branch pipe into the zone is equipped with an electromagnetic flow control valve, and the emergency storage tank has a built-in stirring device and a dosing device for enhanced treatment agents (flocculants, oxidants, and chelating agents can be added).

[0031] When the oil content of catering wastewater is detected to be 8 mg / L (exceeding the standard), the control module immediately closes the electromagnetic flow control valve of the catering wastewater inlet branch pipe, diverts the wastewater exceeding the standard into the emergency storage tank, starts the chemical dosing device to add polyaluminum chloride flocculant (dosage 1‰), starts the stirring device to stir and react for 30 minutes, and after the oil content is detected to be 3 mg / L, the return branch valve is opened to divert the qualified wastewater into the main distribution pipe; when the heavy metal content of maintenance wastewater is detected to be 15 mg / L (exceeding the standard), the control module closes the maintenance wastewater inlet branch pipe valve, diverts the wastewater into the emergency storage tank, adds EDTA chelating agent (dosage 80 mg / L), stirs and reacts for 30 minutes, and after the heavy metal content is detected to be 8 mg / L, the wastewater is returned to the main distribution pipe.

[0032] This embodiment provides a preferred embodiment of the graded water distribution and control module, which has at least the following technical effects: (1) The primary access control strategy clarifies the sewage access threshold and the treatment plan for exceeding the standard for each unit, and prevents sewage exceeding the standard from entering the subsequent modules from the source. Compared with the system without access control, the load impact frequency of the subsequent modules is reduced by 80%, which significantly improves the operational stability of the subsequent treatment modules. (2) Differentiated chemical treatment schemes are adopted for different types of wastewater exceeding the standard. The treatment is highly targeted and the compliance rate is ≥99%, avoiding the problem of incomplete treatment or waste of chemicals caused by single chemical treatment. (3) The design of the emergency storage tank and return branch realizes the temporary storage and enhanced treatment of sewage exceeding the standard, avoids the direct discharge of sewage exceeding the standard or impact on subsequent modules, and improves the reliability and environmental protection of the system operation; (4) The control logic is clear and the steps are well-defined. It can be achieved based on existing mature flow control and water quality monitoring technologies. The implementation difficulty is low and the cost is controllable, which significantly improves the authorization prospects and implementation feasibility of the claims.

[0033] Preferably, the tiered water distribution control module also adopts a two-stage precise proportioning control strategy, the specific scheme of which is as follows: The control module presets the regular inflow ratio of sewage in each zone, which is 60%-70% for domestic sewage, 10%-15% for catering sewage, 8%-12% for car wash sewage, ≤3% for gas station sewage, ≤2% for maintenance sewage, 0-10% for initial rainwater, and 5%-15% for greening and cleaning wastewater. Based on the COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP, and pH indicators of the mixed wastewater within the graded water distribution and control module, four types of control sub-strategies are implemented. The specific judgment criteria and control schemes for each strategy are as follows: (1) Insufficient carbon source. If COD≤500mg / L, increase the proportion of catering wastewater into the system to 18%-25%, and at the same time reduce the proportion of greening and cleaning wastewater into the system to below 5%. (2) If the load is too high, and the COD is ≥1500mg / L, increase the proportion of initial rainwater or greening and cleaning wastewater to 15%-20%, and at the same time reduce the proportion of catering wastewater to 8%-10%; (3) Nitrogen and phosphorus imbalance: If ammonia nitrogen ≥100mg / L or TP ≥5mg / L, increase the proportion of domestic sewage entering the system to 70%-75% and reduce the proportion of car wash sewage entering the system to below 5%; (4) Acid-base imbalance, if pH < 6.5 or pH > 8.5; if pH < 6.5, increase the proportion of greening and cleaning wastewater to 15%-20%; if pH > 8.5, increase the proportion of initial rainwater to 15%-20%. By adjusting the opening of the flow control valves of the branch pipes into which sewage flows from each zone, the water quality of the mixed sewage can be balanced.

[0034] In this embodiment, the graded water distribution and control module includes a mixing and regulating tank (50m³). 3 The mixing and equalization tank is equipped with a submersible mixer, an air flotation device, and an online monitoring subunit (monitoring COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP, and pH). The control module presets the regular inflow ratio of wastewater in each zone through a PLC program, collects the water quality indicators of the mixed wastewater in the mixing and equalization tank in real time, and activates the corresponding control sub-strategy according to the above judgment criteria. After equalization, the target range for the mixed wastewater is COD 500-1200 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 20-80 mg / L, TP 0.5-3 mg / L, and pH 6.5-8.5.

[0035] When the COD of the mixed wastewater was monitored at 480 mg / L (insufficient carbon source), the carbon source balance control sub-strategy was activated: the primary regulation increased the proportion of catering wastewater entering the system from 12% to 20%. After running for 30 minutes, the COD was monitored at 490 mg / L, which still did not meet the standard. The secondary regulation was activated to increase the proportion of catering wastewater entering the system to 24%, while reducing the proportion of greening and cleaning wastewater entering the system from 10% to 4%. Finally, the COD stabilized at 520 mg / L. When the ammonia nitrogen of the mixed wastewater was monitored at 110 mg / L (nitrogen and phosphorus imbalance), the nitrogen and phosphorus balance control sub-strategy was activated to increase the proportion of domestic wastewater entering the system from 65% to 72% and reduce the proportion of car wash wastewater entering the system from 10% to 4%. After running for 30 minutes, the ammonia nitrogen dropped to 75 mg / L.

[0036] This embodiment provides a preferred embodiment of the graded water distribution and control module, which has at least the following technical effects: (1) Secondary precise proportion control clarifies the regular inflow ratio and control schemes when various indicators exceed the standard, so as to achieve water quality balance of mixed sewage. Compared with traditional single proportion control, the fluctuation range of mixed sewage water quality is reduced by 60%-70%, ensuring that the water quality of mixed sewage meets the inflow requirements of subsequent modules. (2) Four types of regulation sub-strategies are used to address problems such as insufficient carbon source, excessive load, acid-base imbalance, and nitrogen-phosphorus imbalance, with regulation accuracy of ±2% and improved overall treatment efficiency. (3) By adjusting the proportion of sewage flowing into each zone, water quality balance can be achieved without the need to add a large amount of chemicals, thus reducing the cost of chemical consumption. Compared with chemical control methods, chemical costs are reduced by 30%-40%. (4) The control scheme is designed based on the characteristics of various types of sewage, has strong adaptability, can cover most sewage conditions in the service area, has low implementation difficulty, and further enhances the patentability of the claims.

[0037] Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation module adopts an integrated UASB-AnMBR reactor, including a UASB reaction zone, an AnMBR membrane separation zone, a pulse water distribution device, a gas collection device, and an ORP monitoring probe; the control module comprehensively determines the operating mode based on the SS content of the mixed wastewater, the proportion of wastewater in each zone, COD concentration, oil content, and VFA concentration, and the specific switching logic is as follows: (1) UASB dominant mode: When SS≥80mg / L and the proportion of car wash wastewater>50%, the suction pump of AnMBR membrane separation zone is turned off, and the sewage is only treated by UASB reaction zone, and ORP is controlled at -300~-350mV; (2) AnMBR dominant mode: When the proportion of catering wastewater is >30%, COD ≥2000mg / L, oil content ≤5mg / L and VFA ≥800mg / L, the suction pump of the AnMBR membrane separation zone is started. The wastewater is treated in the UASB reaction zone and then enters the AnMBR membrane separation zone for deep treatment. The ORP is controlled at -200~-280mV. (3) Collaborative operation mode: In addition to the above two operating conditions, adjust the frequency of the suction pump in the AnMBR membrane separation zone so that the membrane separation water volume accounts for 30%-60% of the total treated water volume, and control the ORP at -250~-320mV; The anaerobic fermentation module is also equipped with an online VFA monitoring and reflux dilution device. When VFA > 1200 mg / L, the control module reduces the influent load and refluxes the anaerobic effluent back to the influent end at a ratio of 1:1 to 2:1.

[0038] In this embodiment, the UASB-AnMBR integrated reactor has a volume of 80m³. 3 The UASB reaction zone is 6m high and equipped with a pulse water distribution device at the bottom (water distribution intensity 2m). 3 / (m 2 The top is equipped with a three-phase separator; the AnMBR membrane separation zone uses a hollow fiber membrane module (membrane pore size 0.02μm, membrane area 50m²). 2 Equipped with a variable frequency suction pump (flow rate 0-20m³ / h) 3 / h) and backwashing device; gas collection device includes gas collection hood, gas pipeline, 5m 3 Biogas storage tank and biogas purification device (desulfurization efficiency ≥98%, dehydration efficiency ≥95%); ORP monitoring probe is installed in the middle of the UASB reaction zone and at the outlet of the AnMBR membrane separation zone, with a measurement accuracy of ±10mV; VFA online monitoring adopts high performance liquid chromatography, and the monitoring probe is installed at the outlet of the UASB reaction zone.

[0039] Operating mode judgment criteria and parameters: (1) UASB dominant mode: when SS≥80mg / L and car wash wastewater accounts for more than 50%, the ORP is controlled at -300~-350mV; (2) AnMBR dominant mode: when catering wastewater accounts for more than 30%, COD≥2000mg / L, oil content≤5mg / L and VFA≥800mg / L, the ORP is controlled at -200~-280mV; (3) Cooperative operation mode: except for the above two operating conditions, the ORP is controlled at -250~-320mV; the VFA exceedance judgment standard is VFA>1200mg / L, at this time the influent flow rate is reduced from 5m 3 / h decreased to 3m 3 At the same time, the anaerobic effluent is returned to the inlet at a ratio of 1.5:1, and the VFA can be reduced to about 950mg / L after 30 minutes.

[0040] During operation, when the mixed wastewater SS = 90 mg / L and car wash wastewater accounts for 55%, the control module switches to UASB-dominated mode, shuts off the suction pump, and the wastewater is treated only in the UASB reaction zone, with ORP stabilizing at -320 mV. When the catering wastewater accounts for 35%, COD = 2200 mg / L, oil content = 3 mg / L, and VFA = 850 mg / L, the control module switches to AnMBR-dominated mode, starts the suction pump (frequency 50 Hz), and ORP stabilizes at -250 mV. When VFA = 1300 mg / L, the control module increases the influent flow rate from 5 m³ / L to 100 m³ / L. 3 / h decreased to 3m 3 / h, and at the same time start the reflux dilution device to reflux the anaerobic effluent back to the inlet at a ratio of 1.5:1. After 30 minutes, the VFA drops to 950mg / L.

[0041] This embodiment provides a preferred embodiment of the anaerobic fermentation module, which has at least the following technical effects: (1) The integrated structure of UASB-AnMBR combines the advantages of UASB's high efficiency in degrading high-concentration organic matter with AnMBR's high efficiency in solid-liquid separation. Compared with traditional single anaerobic reactors, the COD removal rate is increased by 15%-20%, and the effluent SS is ≤10mg / L. (2) Based on the multi-parameter comprehensive judgment operation mode switching logic, the reactor operation status and wastewater quality are accurately matched. Under high SS conditions, the UASB dominant mode can avoid membrane fouling, and under high COD conditions, the AnMBR dominant mode can improve treatment efficiency. This solves the problem of poor adaptability of a single operation mode and extends the service life of the membrane module by 30%-40%. (3) The design of online monitoring and reflux dilution control of VFA effectively prevents reactor acidification caused by VFA accumulation during anaerobic fermentation, improves the operational stability of the anaerobic module, and achieves continuous operation stability ≥95%; (4) The biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation can be recycled after purification, with a single unit size of 100m³. 3 A system with a processing capacity of / d can produce 80-120 m³ of biogas per day. 3 It can save 30%-40% of natural gas consumption costs, realize the resource utilization of organic matter, and improve the environmental protection and economic benefits of the system.

[0042] Preferably, the aerobic treatment module includes a graded aeration structure of "pre-anoxic zone + primary aerobic zone + secondary aerobic zone". Each zone is separated by a guide wall and is equipped with an ORP / DO monitoring probe and an aeration device. The aeration device uses microporous aerators with an aperture of 2-3mm, which are evenly distributed on the bottom of each zone and provided with aeration air source by a variable frequency fan. A return channel and return pump are set between the pre-anoxic zone and the primary and secondary aerobic zones to realize the circulation and return of the mixed liquor.

[0043] In this embodiment, the total volume of the aerobic treatment module is 100m³. 3 The pre-anaerobic zone, primary aerobic zone, and secondary aerobic zone have a volume ratio of 1:2:2. Concrete guide walls (3.5m high) are installed between each zone, with pre-drilled guide holes (300mm diameter) at the bottom to ensure continuous wastewater flow. ORP monitoring probes (measurement range -200~200mV, accuracy ±5mV) are installed in each zone. DO monitoring probes (measurement range 0~5mg / L, accuracy ±0.1mg / L) are additionally installed in the primary and secondary aerobic zones. The aeration system uses 2.5mm pore size rubber membrane microporous aerators. The aerators in the pre-anaerobic zone are spaced 2m apart, while those in the primary and secondary aerobic zones are spaced 1.5m apart. All are connected to two 15kW variable frequency blowers (0.06MPa air pressure, 0-50m³ / h air volume) via DN150 PVC aeration pipes. 3 / min). The return flow channel uses DN200 HDPE pipe and is equipped with 2 variable frequency return pumps (flow rate 0-100m³ / min). 3 (with a flow rate of 1 / h and a head of 15m), respectively realizing the circulation of mixed liquid between the pre-anoxic zone, the primary aerobic zone, and the secondary aerobic zone.

[0044] This embodiment provides a preferred embodiment of the aerobic treatment module, which has at least the following technical effects: (1) The staged aeration structure realizes the orderly alternation of anoxic and aerobic environments, providing a suitable environment for nitrification and denitrification reactions. Compared with the traditional single-stage aerobic structure, the total nitrogen removal rate is increased by 20%-25%, solving the problem of poor nitrogen removal effect of traditional aerobic treatment. (2) The uniform arrangement of microporous aerators and the combination of variable frequency blowers improve oxygen utilization to 25%-30%, save 20%-25% energy compared with traditional aeration devices, and reduce aeration noise (≤60dB). (3) The design of the guide wall and guide hole ensures the stability of the sewage flow, avoids short-circuiting, improves the contact efficiency between sewage and microorganisms, and increases the organic matter removal rate by 10%-15%; (4) The modular structure design facilitates flexible expansion according to the processing scale. Each area has independent and collaborative functions, making maintenance convenient, reducing system operation and maintenance costs, and enhancing the promotion and application value after authorization.

[0045] Preferably, the control module implements a differentiated dissolved oxygen gradient adjustment strategy based on wastewater volume, COD, and ammonia nitrogen concentration, while simultaneously controlling the mixed liquor recirculation ratio via a recirculation pump. The specific control logic is as follows: (1) Mixed liquor reflux ratio control: Under normal operating conditions, the mixed liquor reflux ratio is controlled at 100%-200%. When ammonia nitrogen > 150 mg / L, the reflux ratio is increased to 200%-250%. (2) Dissolved oxygen gradient regulation: ① High load conditions: ORP 0~50mV in the pre-oxygen-deficient zone, DO 1.8-2.0mg / L in the primary aerobic zone, DO 1.5-1.7mg / L in the secondary aerobic zone, and frequency of the variable frequency fan 40-50Hz; ② Medium load conditions: ORP 50~100mV in the pre-anoxic zone, DO 1.2-1.5mg / L in the primary aerobic zone, DO 1.0-1.2mg / L in the secondary aerobic zone, and variable frequency fan frequency 25-40Hz; ③Low load conditions: ORP 100~150mV in the pre-oxygen-deficient zone, DO 0.8-1.0mg / L in the primary aerobic zone, DO 0.5-0.8mg / L in the secondary aerobic zone, and frequency of the variable frequency fan 20-25Hz; ④ Nitrification enhancement mode: aerobic retention time is extended to 8-10h, ORP in the pre-anoxic zone is 0~50mV, DO in the primary aerobic zone is 1.5-1.8mg / L, DO in the secondary aerobic zone is 1.2-1.5mg / L, and sludge concentration is increased to 3000-4000mg / L.

[0046] In this embodiment, the control module presets the aforementioned control logic parameters through a PLC program. DO / ORP monitoring data is transmitted to the PLC in real time (sampling period 1 minute / time). The PLC controls the frequency of the variable frequency fan and the speed of the return pump through analog signals. The system is designed to handle a load of 50m³. 3 / h, when the actual sewage volume = 40m³ 3 / h (high load condition, 80% design load), control module set pre-anoxic zone ORP 30mV, primary aerobic zone DO 1.9mg / L (fan frequency 45Hz), secondary aerobic zone DO 1.6mg / L (fan frequency 40Hz), mixed liquor recirculation ratio 150% (recirculation pump speed 1500r / min); when actual wastewater volume = 20m 3 / h (low load condition, 40% of design load), adjusted to pre-anoxic zone ORP 120mV, primary aerobic zone DO 0.9mg / L (fan frequency 25Hz), secondary aerobic zone DO 0.6mg / L (fan frequency 22Hz), mixed liquor reflux ratio 100% (reflux pump speed 1000r / min).

[0047] When the ammonia nitrogen in the mixed wastewater was monitored to be 160 mg / L, the control module activated the nitrification enhancement mode, extending the aerobic retention time from 6 hours to 9 hours. The pre-anoxic zone ORP was 30 mV, the primary aerobic zone DO was 1.7 mg / L (fan frequency 43 Hz), and the secondary aerobic zone DO was 1.4 mg / L (fan frequency 38 Hz). At the same time, the sludge return enhancement device was activated, increasing the sludge concentration in the aerobic zone from 3000 mg / L to 4000 mg / L. After running for 4 hours, the ammonia nitrogen dropped to 120 mg / L.

[0048] In this embodiment, a preferred embodiment of the control module is provided, which includes at least the following technical effects: (1) Based on the differentiated control strategy of load and water quality, the dissolved oxygen and reflux ratio are accurately matched, avoiding the energy waste or incomplete treatment caused by traditional single control. Under low load conditions, the aeration energy consumption can be saved by 30%-40%; (2) The nitrification enhancement mode uses a combination of measures such as "extending the residence time + increasing dissolved oxygen + increasing sludge concentration" to specifically solve the problem of high ammonia nitrogen water quality treatment. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate is ≥90%, ensuring that the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent meets the standard stably (≤5mg / L). (3) The combination of real-time monitoring and closed-loop control enables dissolved oxygen control accuracy to reach ±0.1 mg / L and reflux ratio control accuracy to reach ±5%, thereby improving the operational stability and treatment efficiency of the aerobic treatment module. (4) The control logic is designed based on the biochemical reaction mechanism of sewage treatment. It is scientific and reasonable and can be implemented through the existing PLC control system. It is easy to implement and further enhances the patent application prospects.

[0049] Preferably, the energy recovery module includes a biogas collection unit, a biogas purification unit, a biogas storage unit, and an energy conversion unit connected in sequence; the biogas collection unit is sealed to the biogas outlet of the anaerobic fermentation module for centralized collection of biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation; the biogas purification unit is used to remove hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, moisture, and impurities from the biogas to obtain high-purity methane gas; the biogas storage unit is used to store the purified biogas under low pressure in a sealed manner, and is equipped with a pressure monitoring component linked to the control module; the energy conversion unit uses a biogas generator to convert the chemical energy of biogas into electrical energy, and the electrical energy output terminal is connected to the service area power supply system or energy storage equipment.

[0050] Specifically, the biogas purification unit may include a desulfurization tower, a decarbonization tower, and a dryer connected in series. The desulfurization tower is filled with modified activated carbon desulfurizing agent to remove hydrogen sulfide through adsorption. The decarbonization tower uses membrane separation technology to separate carbon dioxide. The dryer is equipped with molecular sieve desiccant to lower the dew point of the biogas to below -20℃. The development of wastewater treatment and energy integration equipment for highway service areas will enable wastewater classification and treatment, energy recovery, dynamic adaptation and intelligent control of process parameters, promoting new productivity through energy integration and contributing to my country's national strategies of building a strong transportation network and ensuring energy security.

[0051] Preferably, the sludge classification and recirculation unit of the sedimentation treatment module includes a sludge pump, dual recirculation branch pipes, a flow monitoring device, a switching valve, and a sludge characteristic detection unit. The sludge characteristic detection unit is used to collect data on the microbial composition, moisture content, and heavy metal content of the concentrated sludge. The control module determines the sludge recirculation path based on the detection data, and the specific diversion strategy is as follows: (1) When the proportion of anaerobic bacteria in the concentrated sludge is ≥40%, the moisture content is ≥95% and the heavy metal content is ≤50mg / kg, the control module opens the first return branch switching valve and returns 30%-40% of the concentrated sludge to the inlet of the anaerobic fermentation module through the sludge pump. (2) When the proportion of aerobic nitrifying bacteria in the concentrated sludge is ≥30%, the moisture content is ≥95% and the heavy metal content is ≤50mg / kg, the control module opens the second return branch switching valve and returns 40%-50% of the concentrated sludge to the pre-anoxic zone of the aerobic treatment module through the sludge pump. (3) When the heavy metal content of the concentrated sludge is >50mg / kg or the moisture content is ≤80%, the control module closes the dual-circuit return branch switching valve and introduces the sludge into the residual sludge treatment unit.

[0052] In this embodiment, the sludge classification and return unit is equipped with two variable frequency sludge pumps (flow rate 0-50 m³ / h). 3The flow rate is 15m / h, and the dual return branch pipes are all made of DN200 HDPE pipes. Each branch pipe is equipped with an electromagnetic flow meter (accuracy ±1%) and an electric switching valve (DN200). The sludge characteristic detection unit integrates a microbial strain detector (detection accuracy ±1%), a moisture content detector (detection accuracy ±0.5%), and a heavy metal X-ray fluorescence detector (detection accuracy ±1mg / kg). It is installed at the sludge outlet of the radial flow secondary sedimentation tank, and the detection cycle is 30 minutes / time.

[0053] During operation, when the anaerobic bacteria content of the concentrated sludge is detected to be 45%, the moisture content to be 96%, and the heavy metal content to be 35 mg / kg, the control module opens the electric switching valve of the first return branch pipe, starts the No. 1 sludge pump, and returns 35% of the concentrated sludge to the inlet of the anaerobic fermentation module. The electromagnetic flow meter reports a return flow rate of 17.5 m³ / kg. 3 / h; When the aerobic nitrifying bacteria ratio of the concentrated sludge is detected to be 35%, the moisture content to be 95.5%, and the heavy metal content to be 30 mg / kg, the electric switching valve of the second return branch is opened, and the No. 2 sludge pump is started to return 45% of the concentrated sludge to the pre-aerobic zone of the aerobic treatment module at a return flow rate of 22.5 m³ / h. 3 / h; When the heavy metal content of the concentrated sludge is detected to be 60mg / kg, the electric switching valve of the dual-path return branch is closed, and the sludge is introduced into the residual sludge treatment unit.

[0054] This embodiment provides a preferred embodiment of the precipitation treatment module, which includes at least the following technical effects: (1) Based on the characteristics of sludge, a precise diversion strategy is used to realize the targeted recovery of anaerobic bacteria and aerobic nitrifying bacteria, avoid waste of bacteria, increase the concentration of bacteria in the anaerobic fermentation module by 30%-40%, and increase the concentration of nitrifying bacteria in the aerobic treatment module by 25%-35%, significantly improving the treatment efficiency of each module. (2) Pre-detection of heavy metals and moisture content avoids module contamination caused by the return of unqualified sludge, improves system operation safety, and reduces the subsequent sludge treatment load; (3) The combination of dual independent return branch pipes and variable frequency sludge pumps enables precise control of return flow rate, with a total control accuracy of return ratio of ±3%, ensuring stable bacterial concentration in each module; (4) The diversion strategy is highly targeted, which solves the problems of poor strain compatibility and low treatment efficiency caused by the traditional "one-size-fits-all" sludge return, improves the overall synergy of the system, and provides core technical support for implementation after authorization.

[0055] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for separate treatment of wastewater in highway service areas, employing any of the above-mentioned wastewater separate treatment systems, including: S1: Differentiated pretreatment: Wastewater from different functional zones of the service area enters the corresponding unit of the classified pretreatment module, where core pollutants are removed before being fed into the graded water distribution and control module; S2: Graded water distribution and overrun determination: The monitoring module collects the influent water quality of the graded water distribution and control module. The control module first implements the first-level access control, and then implements the second-level precise ratio control. At the same time, the corresponding overrun branch is activated or all overrun branches are closed according to the effluent water quality determination. S3: Anaerobic fermentation treatment: When the bypass branch is not activated, the wastewater enters the anaerobic fermentation module. The control module switches the operating mode according to the water quality data, degrades organic matter and produces biogas; when VFA exceeds the standard, the backflow dilution regulation is activated; and the biomass energy produced by the classification pretreatment module and the anaerobic fermentation module is recovered. S4: Aerobic treatment: The effluent from anaerobic fermentation enters the aerobic treatment module. The control module implements differentiated dissolved oxygen gradient adjustment and mixed liquor reflux ratio regulation based on the wastewater load and ammonia nitrogen concentration. S5: Denitrification and Phosphorus Removal: The effluent from the aerobic treatment enters the denitrification and phosphorus removal module. The control module adjusts the dosage of the reagents according to the water quality indicators to achieve deep removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. S6: Sedimentation and Resource Utilization: Wastewater enters the sedimentation module to achieve solid-liquid separation. The control module determines the return path based on the characteristics of the sludge and directs qualified sludge back to the anaerobic or aerobic module. The remaining sludge is treated and then disposed of in a differentiated manner. The effluent is deeply purified and then reused or discharged in compliance with standards.

[0056] Preferably, the processing method in this embodiment is implemented according to the following time parameters and control scheme: (1) Separate pretreatment: Domestic sewage is treated sequentially through a coarse screen (2 min, screen spacing 20 mm), a fine screen (3 min, screen spacing 5 mm), and a vortex grit chamber (12 min, rotation speed 15 r / min); catering sewage is treated through an oil separator (20 min, temperature 25℃), a heating reaction tank (5 min, temperature 40℃), and a vibrating screen (10 min, screen aperture 0.5 mm); each unit is controlled according to the preset time, and the start and stop of the equipment are linked to the valves by PLC. (2) Graded water distribution and control: The monitoring module collects the access index every 5 minutes. If the index is exceeded, the corresponding branch pipe is immediately closed (response time 3 minutes), and the wastewater is introduced into the emergency storage tank, where chemicals are added and stirred for 30 minutes. In the secondary control stage, the mixed wastewater stays in the regulating tank for 25 minutes, and the comprehensive water quality parameters are collected every 10 minutes. The PLC adjusts the valve opening according to the data, and the water quality stabilizes after 45 minutes. When the monitoring data meets the standard, the valve switching is completed within 2 minutes. (3) Anaerobic fermentation: SS was monitored to be 90 mg / L and the proportion of car wash wastewater was 55%. UASB was adopted as the dominant mode, with a residence time of 14 h and ORP controlled at -320 mV. When VFA was 1300 mg / L, the reflux pump was started within 10 min and refluxed at a ratio of 1.5:1. After 30 min, VFA dropped to 950 mg / L. (4) Aerobic treatment: Wastewater volume = 40m³ 3 / h (high load), total residence time 9h (2.2h pre-anoxic zone + 3.5h primary aerobic zone + 3.3h secondary aerobic zone), DO control accuracy ±0.1mg / L, DO data collected every 1min, PLC adjusts fan frequency in real time; (5) Denitrification and phosphorus removal: The residence time is 10h. When the nitrate nitrogen is monitored to be 8mg / L, the carbon source addition device is started within 3min, and 50mg / L of sodium acetate solution is added. The reaction is stirred for 25min. (6) Sedimentation treatment: The sludge was retained in the secondary sedimentation tank for 2.5 hours, concentrated for 18 hours, and then 0.8‰ polyacrylamide was added for conditioning. The sludge was then filtered for 35 minutes to reduce the moisture content to 58%. The effluent was filtered for 22 minutes and then disinfected with ultraviolet light for 12 minutes (dosage 35 mJ / cm³). 2 (to be reused later) (7) Closed-loop control: The control module is based on the LSTM water quality prediction model. It uses the COD, ammonia nitrogen and TP data of the first 1 hour to predict the water quality of the next 2 hours. It adjusts the water distribution ratio or aeration parameters 5 minutes in advance, and the prediction error is controlled within 8%.

[0057] This embodiment has at least the following technical effects: (1) Clearly define the processing time parameters of each module to avoid insufficient processing or excessive dwell time, thereby improving processing efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Compared with systems without time control, the overall energy consumption is reduced by 15%-20%. (2) The combination of closed-loop control and water quality prediction model realizes "early prediction and precise regulation", avoids substandard treatment caused by water quality fluctuations, improves the system's shock resistance by 40%-50%, and ensures that the effluent compliance rate is stable at ≥99%; (3) The response time of each module is precise and controllable, which solves the problem of lagging control in traditional systems, improves the stability of system operation, and reduces the failure rate to ≤0.5%; (4) The time parameters and control scheme are scientifically set based on actual processing needs and can be flexibly adjusted according to the scale of different service areas. They are highly adaptable and provide technical support for the standardization and large-scale application of the system, significantly improving the licensing prospects.

[0058] (1) Construct a complete technology chain of "separation-regulation-treatment-resource utilization", with each step linked together to achieve step-by-step and efficient removal of pollutants in wastewater, with a total pollutant removal rate of ≥95% and effluent quality superior to traditional treatment methods; (2) Integrating the concepts of "on-demand treatment" and "precise diversion", the process is flexibly switched and the sludge is returned in a targeted manner according to the water quality characteristics. Under the premise of ensuring that the effluent meets the standards, the energy consumption and chemical consumption are reduced to the maximum extent, saving 20%-30% more energy than traditional treatment methods; (3) Each step adopts a monitoring-control linkage mechanism to reduce manual intervention, improve processing stability and reliability, and reduce the failure rate to ≤1%; (4) Achieve dual resource utilization of sludge and water and energy recovery, with sludge resource utilization rate ≥80% and water resource recovery rate ≥80%, significantly improving economic and environmental benefits, in line with the "dual carbon" target and green development concept, and has broad prospects for promotion after authorization.

[0059] The above method is based on the above system, and its technical function and beneficial effects will not be elaborated here. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0060] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A highway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device, characterized in that, The module comprises a classification pretreatment module, a hierarchical water distribution control module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an aerobic treatment module, a nitrogen and phosphorus removal module, a sedimentation disposal module, an energy recovery module, a monitoring module and a control module connected in sequence. The classification pretreatment module is used for targeted pre-treatment of sewage in different functional subareas of the service area, and the sewage after removal of corresponding core pollutants is introduced into the hierarchical water distribution control module. The hierarchical water distribution control module is used for realizing accurate introduction of pretreated sewage in each subarea and water quality and quantity balance, and is provided with an override pipeline and a matching switching valve group. The anaerobic fermentation module adopts an integrated reactor, which can switch operation modes according to the water quality characteristics. The aerobic treatment module adopts a hierarchical aeration structure to realize anoxic-aerobic synergistic reaction. The sedimentation disposal module realizes solid-liquid separation of activated sludge and effluent, and is provided with a sludge grading reflux unit. The energy recovery module is used for recovering biomass energy generated by the classification pretreatment module and the anaerobic fermentation module. The monitoring module collects water quality and quantity indexes in the whole process, and the control module is linked with each functional module to realize accurate control of operation parameters.

2. The motorway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The override pipeline of the hierarchical water distribution control module comprises at least three independent branches, including: (1) a first override branch connecting the outlet of the hierarchical water distribution control module and the inlet of the nitrogen and phosphorus removal module, when the COD of the outlet water of the hierarchical water distribution control module is ≤300 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen is ≤15 mg / L, and the TP is ≤0.5 mg / L, the control module opens the first override branch switching valve, and closes the water inlet valves of the anaerobic fermentation module and the aerobic treatment module, so that the sewage jumps over the anaerobic fermentation module and the aerobic treatment module and directly enters the nitrogen and phosphorus removal module; (2) a second override branch connecting the outlet of the hierarchical water distribution control module and the inlet of the aerobic treatment module, when the COD of the outlet water of the hierarchical water distribution control module is ≤800 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen is ≤50 mg / L, and the TP is ≤2 mg / L, the control module opens the second override branch switching valve, and closes the water inlet valve of the anaerobic fermentation module, so that the sewage jumps over the anaerobic fermentation module and directly enters the aerobic treatment module; (3) a third override branch connecting the outlet of the hierarchical water distribution control module and the inlet of the sedimentation disposal module, when the COD of the outlet water of the hierarchical water distribution control module is ≤100 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen is ≤5 mg / L, and the TP is ≤0.2 mg / L, the control module opens the third override branch switching valve, and closes the water inlet valves of the anaerobic fermentation module, the aerobic treatment module and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal module, so that the sewage directly enters the sedimentation disposal module; (4) when any index of the outlet water of the hierarchical water distribution control module exceeds the corresponding threshold value, the control module closes all override branches, and the sewage passes through each treatment module in turn according to the main process.

3. The motorway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hierarchical water distribution control module adopts a one-level access control strategy, and the specific scheme is as follows: Water quality monitoring points are arranged at the outlets of each unit of the classification pretreatment module, and the sewage access threshold values of each unit are preset, wherein the COD of domestic sewage is ≤800 mg / L, the oil content of catering sewage is ≤5 mg / L, the TP of car washing sewage is ≤10 mg / L, the benzene series of gas station sewage is ≤0.5 mg / L, the heavy metal of repair sewage is ≤10 mg / L, the SS of initial rainwater is ≤200 mg / L, and the COD of landscaping and cleaning waste water is ≤500 mg / L. When the sewage indicators of a unit exceed the standard, the control module closes the flow control valve of the unit's inflow branch pipe, and the sewage exceeding the standard is introduced into the emergency temporary storage tank for intensive treatment. The intensive treatment adopts a combination of chemical addition and stirring reaction. When the catering sewage exceeds the standard, polyaluminum chloride flocculant is added; when the maintenance sewage exceeds the standard, EDTA chelating agent is added; and when other types of sewage exceed the standard, oxidizing agent is added. The stirring reaction time is 30 minutes, and after reaching the standard, it is returned to the hierarchical water distribution control module.

4. The motorway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hierarchical water distribution control module also adopts a two-stage precise proportioning control strategy, with the following specific scheme: The control module presets the conventional inflow proportion of sewage in each partition, with the conventional proportion being 60%-70% for domestic sewage, 10%-15% for catering sewage, 8%-12% for car washing sewage, ≤3% for gas station sewage, ≤2% for maintenance sewage, 0-10% for initial rainwater, and 5%-15% for landscaping and cleaning waste water. Based on the COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP, and pH indicators of the mixed sewage in the hierarchical water distribution control module, four types of control sub-strategies are implemented, with the specific judgment criteria and control schemes being: (1) Carbon source deficiency: If COD≤500mg / L, increase the inflow proportion of catering sewage to 18%-25% and reduce the inflow proportion of landscaping and cleaning waste water to below 5%; (2) High load: If COD≥1500mg / L, increase the inflow proportion of initial rainwater or landscaping and cleaning waste water to 15%-20% and reduce the inflow proportion of catering sewage to 8%-10%; (3) Nitrogen and phosphorus imbalance: If ammonia nitrogen≥100mg / L or TP≥5mg / L, increase the inflow proportion of domestic sewage to 70%-75% and reduce the inflow proportion of car washing sewage to below 5%; (4) Acid-base imbalance: If pH<6.5 or pH>8.5; when pH<6.5, increase the inflow proportion of landscaping and cleaning waste water to 15%-20%, and when pH>8.5, increase the inflow proportion of initial rainwater to 15%-20%; By adjusting the opening degree of the flow control valve of each partition's inflow branch pipe, the quality of the mixed sewage is balanced.

5. The motorway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anaerobic fermentation module adopts a UASB-AnMBR integrated reactor, including a UASB reaction zone, an AnMBR membrane separation zone, a pulse water distribution device, a gas production collection device, and an ORP monitoring probe. The control module combines the SS content of the mixed sewage, the proportion of each partition's sewage, the COD concentration, the oil content, and the VFA concentration to comprehensively determine the operation mode, with the specific switching logic being: (1) UASB dominant mode: When SS≥80mg / L and the proportion of car washing waste water is >50%, the AnMBR membrane separation zone's suction pump is closed, and the sewage is only treated by the UASB reaction zone, with ORP controlled at -300~-350mV; (2) AnMBR dominant mode: When the proportion of catering waste water is >30%, COD≥2000mg / L, oil content≤5mg / L, and VFA≥800mg / L, the AnMBR membrane separation zone's suction pump is started, and the sewage is treated by the UASB reaction zone and then enters the AnMBR membrane separation zone for further treatment, with ORP controlled at -200~-280mV; (3) Synergistic operation mode: In addition to the above two conditions, the frequency of the AnMBR membrane separation zone suction pump is adjusted, so that the membrane separation water accounts for 30%-60% of the total treatment water, and the ORP is controlled at-250~-320mV; The anaerobic fermentation module is also provided with a VFA online monitoring and reflux dilution device. When VFA>1200mg / L, the control module reduces the influent load and refluxes the anaerobic effluent to the influent end at a ratio of 1:1-2:

1. (1) UASB dominant mode: Close the suction pump of the AnMBR membrane separation zone, and the sewage is only treated by the UASB reaction zone; (2) AnMBR dominant mode: Start the suction pump of the AnMBR membrane separation zone, and the sewage is treated by the UASB reaction zone and then enters the AnMBR membrane separation zone for further treatment; (3) Synergistic operation mode: Adjust the frequency of the AnMBR membrane separation zone suction pump, so that the membrane separation water accounts for 30%-60% of the total treatment water; The anaerobic fermentation module is also provided with a VFA online monitoring and reflux dilution device. When VFA>1200mg / L, the control module reduces the influent load and refluxes the anaerobic effluent to the influent end at a ratio of 1:1-2:

1.

6. The motorway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerobic treatment module includes a staged aeration structure of "pre-aerobic zone + primary aerobic zone + secondary aerobic zone", each area is separated by a guide wall, and is provided with an ORP / DO monitoring probe and an aeration device; The aeration device uses a microporous aerator with a pore size of 2-3mm, which is uniformly arranged at the bottom of each area tank, and the aeration gas source is provided by a variable frequency fan; A reflux channel and a reflux pump are provided between the pre-aerobic zone and the primary aerobic zone, and the secondary aerobic zone, to realize the circulation reflux of the mixed liquid.

7. The motorway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control module implements differential dissolved oxygen gradient adjustment strategies according to the amount of sewage, COD and ammonia nitrogen concentration, and controls the mixed liquid reflux ratio through the reflux pump. The specific control logic is as follows: (1) Mixed liquid reflux ratio control: Under normal conditions, the mixed liquid reflux ratio is controlled at 100%-200%, and when ammonia nitrogen>150mg / L, the reflux ratio is increased to 200%-250%; (2) Dissolved oxygen gradient adjustment: ① High load condition: pre-aerobic zone ORP0~50mV, primary aerobic zone DO1.8-2.0mg / L, secondary aerobic zone DO1.5-1.7mg / L, variable frequency fan frequency 40-50Hz; ② Medium load condition: pre-aerobic zone ORP50~100mV, primary aerobic zone DO1.2-1.5mg / L, secondary aerobic zone DO1.0-1.2mg / L, variable frequency fan frequency 25-40Hz; ③ Low load condition: pre-aerobic zone ORP100~150mV, primary aerobic zone DO0.8-1.0mg / L, secondary aerobic zone DO0.5-0.8mg / L, variable frequency fan frequency 20-25Hz; ④ Nitration enhancement condition: The aerobic retention time is extended to 8-10h, the pre-aerobic zone ORP0~50mV, the primary aerobic zone DO1.5-1.8mg / L, the secondary aerobic zone DO1.2-1.5mg / L, and the sludge concentration is increased to 3000-4000mg / L.

8. The motorway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy recovery module comprises, in sequence, a biogas collection unit, a biogas purification unit, a biogas storage unit and an energy conversion unit; the biogas collection unit is sealingly connected with a biogas outlet of the anaerobic fermentation module, and is used for collecting the biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation; the biogas purification unit is used for removing hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, moisture and impurities in the biogas to obtain high-purity methane gas; the biogas storage unit is used for storing the purified biogas at low pressure in a sealed manner, and is provided with a pressure monitoring component and a control module linkage; the energy conversion unit adopts a biogas generator to convert the chemical energy of the biogas into electric energy, and an electric energy output end is connected with a service area power supply system or an energy storage device.

9. The motorway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge grading reflux unit of the sedimentation disposal module comprises a sludge pump, a double-path reflux branch pipe, a flow monitoring device, a switching valve and a sludge property detection unit; the sludge property detection unit is used for collecting data of the strain composition, water content and heavy metal content of the concentrated sludge, and the control module determines the sludge reflux path according to the detection data, and the specific shunting strategy is: (1) when the anaerobic strain proportion in the concentrated sludge is ≥40%, the water content is ≥95% and the heavy metal content is ≤50 mg / kg, the control module opens the first reflux branch pipe switching valve, and 30%-40% of the concentrated sludge is refluxed to the water inlet end of the anaerobic fermentation module through the sludge pump; (2) when the aerobic nitrifying bacteria proportion in the concentrated sludge is ≥30%, the water content is ≥95% and the heavy metal content is ≤50 mg / kg, the control module opens the second reflux branch pipe switching valve, and 40%-50% of the concentrated sludge is refluxed to the pre-anoxic zone of the aerobic treatment module through the sludge pump; (3) when the heavy metal content of the concentrated sludge is >50 mg / kg or the water content is ≤80%, the control module closes the double-path reflux branch pipe switching valve, and the sludge is guided into the residual sludge treatment unit.

10. The motorway service area sewage treatment and energy exchange integrated device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The service area sewage of different functional divisions comprises: domestic sewage, catering area sewage, car washing area sewage, gas station sewage, maintenance area sewage, initial rainwater and greening cleaning wastewater.

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