A warm fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a warm-keeping fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating and a preparation method thereof. The warm-keeping fabric is knitted by a composite fabric fiber structure, and the composite fabric fiber structure comprises a fabric base, an adhesive adsorbed on the surface of the fabric base, a porous metal hydroxide layer with the functions of heat insulation and passive radiation warm-keeping, and a carbon nanomaterial layer with the functions of passive radiation and photoelectric heating, wherein the porous metal hydroxide layer is located between the carbon nanomaterial layer and the adhesive. The method comprises the following steps: fabric base pretreatment, hydrothermal treatment of the fabric base containing the adhesive, and surface treatment of the fabric base containing the porous metal hydroxide layer and the adhesive. The application realizes firm combination of the metal hydroxide and the carbon-based nanomaterial with the fabric, and the metal hydroxide and the carbon-based nanomaterial are uniformly and densely distributed on the surface of each fiber without damaging the fiber itself and the porous structure of the fabric, so that the warm-keeping performance of the fabric is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of textiles, and particularly relates to a warm-keeping fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the number of global extreme weather events has gradually increased. The large amplitude change of outdoor ambient temperature not only affects human comfort, but also directly affects our health. Humans usually protect themselves from the cold through clothing, air conditioning and central heating. Outdoors, most people do this by increasing the thickness of clothing, but too many layers of fabric can also hinder normal human activity. Indoors, air conditioning, central heating systems or coal heating, etc. mainly heat the space around the human body to regulate the overall temperature of the building on a large scale, which causes a large amount of energy consumption and energy waste, and is not a direct and accurate way to regulate human body temperature. Therefore, in order to reduce energy consumption while keeping the human body warm, a feasible solution is to precisely heat the human skin through local thermal management and ensure the effective use of heat energy.

[0003] It is well known that the human body mainly releases heat to the environment through thermal radiation, heat conduction, air convection and sweat evaporation, and about 50% or more of the heat loss of the human body is released to the environment through thermal radiation. When the skin temperature of the human body is about 34℃, it generally has a high emissivity (0.98) and mainly radiates heat in the mid-infrared (MIR) range of 7-14 μm wavelength. Therefore, using high internal mid-infrared reflectivity or low external mid-infrared emissivity textiles can reduce infrared radiation loss and achieve passive radiation body warming.

[0004] However, in cold weather, the outdoor temperature is often much lower than the indoor temperature, and passive radiation warming alone cannot meet the outdoor warming requirements. Therefore, outdoor warming is also very important. In the outdoors, there is solar radiation, and using solar light to heat and achieve human body warming has many advantages such as environmental protection and energy saving. Based on the fact that solar energy mainly exists in the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared (NIR) spectrum (52%), studying the photothermal performance in the near-infrared radiation range by controlling the absorption rate in the near-infrared region is also an effective way to solve the cold and has an important influence on the heat transfer of the human body. Photothermal conversion materials are a class of materials that can convert light energy into heat energy and have great development prospects. Among them, carbon-based materials have excellent light absorption performance and can convert light energy into heat energy. In addition, carbon materials have good electrical conductivity and can be heated by electricity. In the absence of light, they can effectively achieve the function of keeping warm. Therefore, by combining materials with excellent low mid-infrared emissivity, photothermal conversion ability and electrical heating ability, we can give the human body passive radiation heating (PRH) and photo / electric heating without energy, so as to carry out local thermal management, precisely heat the human skin and ensure the effective use of heat energy. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims at providing a warm-keeping fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A warm-keeping fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating, characterized in that the warm-keeping fabric is knitted from a composite fabric fiber structure, and the composite fabric fiber structure comprises:

[0008] a fabric base;

[0009] a binder adsorbed on the surface of the fabric base;

[0010] a porous metal hydroxide layer with heat insulation and passive radiation warm-keeping and a carbon nanomaterial layer with passive radiation and photoelectric heating, the porous metal hydroxide layer being located between the carbon nanomaterial layer and the binder; the warm-keeping fabric has good passive radiation warm-keeping effect and controllable photoelectric heating effect, and the preparation process of the composite fabric is simple, the warm-keeping material is firmly combined with the fabric, and the stability is good.

[0011] Further, the binder is a monomer or oligomer adsorbed on the surface of the fabric base and formed by in-situ reaction on the fiber, and the binder includes but is not limited to polydopamine and acrylate.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the binder to the fabric base is 0.05-0.2:1.

[0013] Preferably, the porous metal hydroxide layer is at least one of nickel hydroxide, cobalt hydroxide, iron hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.

[0014] Preferably, the porous metal hydroxide layer is composed of nanowires or nanosheets, and the mass ratio of the porous metal hydroxide layer to the fabric base is 0.05-0.5:1.

[0015] Preferably, the carbon nanomaterial layer is at least one of MXene, graphene, carbon black and carbon nanotube.

[0016] Preferably, the mass ratio of the carbon nanomaterial layer to the fabric base is 0.05-1:1.

[0017] Further, the fabric base is a cotton-containing fabric or a polyester fabric.

[0018] A preparation method of a warm fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating as described above, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1, fabric substrate pretreatment: remove grease and impurities on the surface of the fabric substrate by ethanol or sodium hydroxide; then immerse the fabric substrate in a solution containing an adhesive, and allow the adhesive to polymerize in situ on the fibers of the fabric substrate by standing or ultraviolet irradiation, thereby obtaining a fabric substrate containing an adhesive on the surface of the fibers;

[0020] S2, hydrothermal treatment of the fabric substrate containing the adhesive: mix the pretreated fabric substrate of step S1 with an aqueous solution of a metal salt in a beaker, transfer it to a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and hydrothermally react at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain a fabric substrate containing a porous metal hydroxide layer and an adhesive;

[0021] S3, surface treatment of the fabric substrate containing the porous metal hydroxide layer and the adhesive: treat the fabric substrate after hydrothermal treatment in step S2 with a suspension containing carbon nanomaterials by a modification method to obtain a composite fabric fiber structure, and form the desired warm fabric by weaving.

[0022] Further, the solution containing the adhesive in step S1 is a dopamine hydrochloride solution with a concentration of 2 g / L, and the fabric substrate is immersed in the dopamine hydrochloride solution for 2-24 h.

[0023] Further, the solution containing the adhesive in step S1 is composed of low-viscosity acrylate monomers or oligomers, which are solidified on the surface of the fabric substrate fibers after ultraviolet irradiation for 1-60 s.

[0024] Preferably, the metal salt in step S2 is a nickel salt, a cobalt salt, an iron salt, or a magnesium salt.

[0025] Preferably, the nickel salt is at least one of nickel chloride hexahydrate, nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel nitrate hexahydrate, and nickel sulfate heptahydrate.

[0026] Preferably, the cobalt salt is at least one of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, cobalt acetate tetrahydrate, and cobalt chloride hexahydrate.

[0027] Preferably, the iron salt is at least one of ferric chloride, iron sulfate, and iron nitrate.

[0028] Preferably, the magnesium salt is at least one of magnesium chloride hexahydrate and magnesium sulfate.

[0029] Further, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in step S2 is 60-150°C, and the hydrothermal time is 0.5-48 h.

[0030] Preferably, the carbon nanomaterial-containing suspension in step S3 is at least one of MXene, graphene, carbon black and carbon nanotube, the concentration of the carbon nanomaterial-containing suspension is 0.5-10 mg / mL, and the treatment time is 0.5-6 h.

[0031] Preferably, the modification method in step S3 includes dipping, padding, coating or vacuum filtration.

[0032] The present application has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above technical solutions:

[0033] The present application realizes the firm combination of metal hydroxide and carbon-based nanomaterials with the fabric under the action of the adhesive by adopting the hydrothermal method and the modification method, and the metal hydroxide and carbon-based nanomaterials are uniformly and densely distributed on the surface of each fiber without damaging the fiber itself and the porous structure of the fabric, thereby realizing the retention of the wearing performance of the fabric while greatly improving the warmth-keeping performance of the fabric. Therefore, the excellent light-heat conversion ability, passive radiation heating ability and electric heating ability of the fabric realize the co-warming of the human body, thereby reducing the energy loss. The textile produced by the advanced material combining passive radiation energy, solar energy and electric energy can keep the human body warm in cold winter while reducing the energy consumption.

[0034] The warm-keeping fabric of the present application has good passive radiation warm-keeping effect and controllable light or electric heating effect, and the preparation process of the composite fabric is simple, the warm-keeping material is firmly combined with the fabric, and the stability is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structure diagram of the fiber structure of the composite fabric in the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a digital photo of the MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton composite fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 (a) is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo of the cotton fabric of Comparative Example 1 of the present application, Figure 3 (b) is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo of the PDA / cotton fabric treated by dopamine of Comparative Example 2 of the present application, Figure 3 (c) is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo of the Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric of Comparative Example 3 of the present application, Figure 3 (d) is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo of the MXene / PDA / cotton fabric of Comparative Example 4 of the present application, and Figure 3 (e) is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo of the MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric of Example 1 of the present application.

[0039] Figure 4 X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum of MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 (a) and Figure 5 (b) are the UV-visible-near infrared absorption spectrum (UV-vis-NIR) and solar heating temperature graph of MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 (a) and Figure 6 (b) are the mid-infrared emissivity spectrum and passive radiation heating temperature graph of MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 Electric heating temperature graph of MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present application at different voltages;

[0043] Figure 8 Preparation flow chart of the thermal fabric in the present application.

[0044] In the figure: 1 - fabric base; 2 - adhesive; 3 - porous metal hydroxide layer; 4 - carbon nanomaterial layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0046] In order to enable persons skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art without creative labor should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0048] As Figure 1As shown, the warm-keeping fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating has a composite fabric fiber structure, which comprises a fabric base, an adhesive, a porous metal hydroxide layer with thermal insulation and passive radiation warm-keeping, and a carbon nanomaterial layer with passive radiation and photoelectric heating. The fabric base is a cotton fabric or a polyester fabric.

[0049] The adhesive is adsorbed on the surface of the fabric base. The adhesive is formed by in-situ reaction of monomers or oligomers adsorbed on the surface of the fabric base on the fiber. The adhesive includes but is not limited to polydopamine and acrylate. Preferably, the mass ratio of the adhesive to the fabric base is 0.05-0.2:1.

[0050] The porous metal hydroxide layer is located between the carbon nanomaterial layer and the adhesive.

[0051] The porous metal hydroxide layer is at least one of nickel hydroxide, cobalt hydroxide, iron hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. Preferably, the porous metal hydroxide layer is composed of nanowires or nanosheets, and the mass ratio of the porous metal hydroxide layer to the fabric base is 0.05-0.5:1.

[0052] Preferably, the carbon nanomaterial layer is at least one of MXene, graphene, carbon black and carbon nanotube. Preferably, the mass ratio of the carbon nanomaterial layer to the fabric base is 0.05-1:1.

[0053] The warm-keeping fabric has good passive radiation warm-keeping effect, controllable light or electric heating effect, simple composite fabric preparation process, firm combination of warm-keeping material and fabric, and good stability.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] A preparation method of a warm-keeping fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating comprises the following steps:

[0056] Synthesis of MXene monolayer nanosheet: first, MXene monolayer nanosheet solution is prepared by etching Ti3AlC2 phase with hydrofluoric acid. First, Ti3AlC2 powder is slowly added into a mixed solution of LiF+HCl and stirred in water bath for etching. Then, the suspension obtained after etching reaction is repeatedly centrifuged with dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water until pH≥6. After pH≥6, the multilayer MXene deposit obtained after centrifugation is ultrasonically dispersed and then centrifuged again to obtain a single-layer MXene nanosheet dispersion.

[0057] Preparation of PDA / cotton fabric: First, to ensure a strong bond between the subsequent Ni(OH)2 and MXene materials and the cotton fabric, the adhesive properties of PDA were utilized to pretreat the original cotton fabric. 0.5 g of dopamine hydrochloride was dissolved in 250 mL of Tris-HCl (pH = 8.5). Then, the cotton fabric, which had been ultrasonically cleaned with ethanol and deionized water for 2 hours, was immersed in the above solution and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Finally, the treated cotton fabric was vacuum dried at 60 °C. The resulting fabric was named PDA / cotton fabric.

[0058] 6 mmol Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, 15 mmol CH4N2O, and 6 mmol NH4F were added to 30 ml H2O and stirred to form a homogeneous and clear solution. The prepared transparent solution and PDA / cotton fabric (3×3 cm) were transferred to a reaction vessel with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner and kept at 140 °C for 12 h. After the reaction was completed, the reaction vessel was naturally cooled to room temperature. The obtained sample was washed three times with ethanol and deionized water and dried under vacuum at 60 °C to obtain Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric. Then, the Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric was immersed in the above-synthesized MXene monolayer nanosheet solution to finally obtain a composite thermal insulation fabric loaded with MXene and Ni(OH)2, named MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric.

[0059] like Figure 2 The image shown is a digital photograph of MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton. Figure 3 (e) is a SEM image of the MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric loaded with Ni(OH)2 flakes and MXene nanosheets in this embodiment. It can be seen that the Ni(OH)2 flakes are covered by the MXene nanosheets, and a large number of MXene nanosheets are coated on the cotton fibers, thus successfully demonstrating that Ni(OH)2 and MXene are uniformly loaded on the surface of the cotton fabric. To further verify the successful loading of MXene on the fabric and the specific type of synthesized metal hydroxide, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed. Figure 4The XRD spectrum of the MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric prepared for this embodiment was compared with the standard card numbered PDF#14-011, which proved that the PDA / cotton fabric surface prepared was coated with Ni(OH)2, indicating the successful preparation of the Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric. In addition, the cotton fabric and the PDA / cotton fabric and the Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric all appeared two overlapping peaks at 2θ = 14.8°, 16.8° and an independent peak at 2θ = 22.9°, which corresponded to the (-110) and (110) crystal planes of cellulose I and the (200) crystal plane of the cellulose crystal structure, respectively. In addition, the MXene / PDA / cotton fabric and the MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric after MXene dip-coating treatment both had the (002) characteristic peak specific to MXene single-layer nanosheets, indicating that the MXene nanosheets were also successfully loaded onto the surface of the Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric, and the successful preparation of the MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric was proved. It was found by weighing and calculating that the mass ratio of PDA, Ni(OH)2and MXene to the fabric was 0.09:1, 0.2:1 and 0.12:1, respectively.

[0060] Figure 5 (a) is the MIR emissivity of this embodiment, and the average spectral emissivity (A) of different textiles at 7-14 μm is calculated by formula (1)

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, Eblack(λ, T) and ε(λ) represent the spectral radiance of a black body at T = 300 K and the ε emissivity at room temperature (298 K) at wavelength λ, respectively.

[0063] The average mid-infrared emissivity of the MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric at 7-14 μm was 17.3%, significantly lower than that of cotton fabric (87.5%), and also lower than that of MXene / PDA / cotton (19.7%). Therefore, by reducing the emissivity of the fabric surface in the mid-infrared band, the loss of human body heat radiation can be reduced, thereby improving the passive radiative heating performance of the fabric. To further demonstrate the passive radiative heating capability of the composite fabric, we created a simple PRH device for indoor experiments. The PRH device was housed in a box composed of polystyrene foam insulation board, and the ambient temperature was maintained at 18±0.5℃. A silicone rubber heating plate was placed inside the box, and simulated artificial skin was attached with black insulating tape. First, the silicone rubber heating plate covered with black insulating tape was heated from room temperature to 36℃ and maintained at that temperature. Then, the passive radiative heating capability of the fabric was compared by recording the temperature change curves of the artificial skin covered with different fabrics over 30 minutes. Figure 5 (b) The temperature of the artificial skin covered by MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric (41.3℃) is higher than that of the artificial skin covered by the comparative example MXene / PDA / cotton fabric and the original cotton fabric. The maximum radiation temperature increased by 4.2℃ and 1.4℃, respectively, indicating that MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric has good passive radiation heating capability.

[0064] Figure 6 (a) is the absorption spectrum of the MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric prepared in this embodiment in the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-vis-NIR) range. The average solar absorptivity (B) of the spectrum is calculated using formula (2).

[0065]

[0066] Where Esolar and α(λ) represent the spectral solar power (AM 1.5G) and the absorptivity at wavelength λ at room temperature (298K), respectively.

[0067] The figure shows that, based on MXene's excellent solar heating energy, the MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric treated with MXene has an average absorption rate of approximately 91.2% in the near-infrared band, far exceeding the absorption rate of cotton fabric (10.1%), demonstrating that this composite fabric has better light-trapping performance. To more intuitively characterize the fabric's warmth retention performance, an infrared imager was used to image the fabric at 100 mW / cm². 2 The temperature changes of different fabrics over different time periods were observed under simulated light intensity. Figure 6(b)It can be seen that under the same simulated light intensity, the highest surface temperature of these fabrics reaches stability around 5 min. In addition, the surface temperature rise rate and the highest temperature of MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric are much higher than those of cotton fabric. The final temperature of MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric after heating and stabilizing is (52.6℃), which is much higher than that of the unmodified cotton fabric (37.2℃).

[0068] In addition, in the case of insufficient light, such as rainy days, cloudy days, night or indoor environment, electrically driven heating becomes an effective complementary solution. Given the good electrical conductivity of MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton composite material, its electrical heating performance was evaluated. MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric was subjected to Joule heating test by applying different constant direct current voltages, and the time-temperature curve of the fabric under different voltages was recorded. As shown in FIG. 6, during the rise of voltage at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5V, the saturation temperature of the surface of MXene / Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric within 30s can reach 30.6, 41.0, 52.1, 61.4 and 76.3℃, respectively. The temperature enhancement of the composite fabric is more obvious with the increase of voltage, and it can be heated to high temperature in a short time, indicating the rapid thermal response and high efficient electrical heating conversion ability of the fabric. Figure 7

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The preparation method of the MWCNTs / Co(OH)2 / C3H4O2 / polyester composite fabric of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0071] First, acrylic acid (C3H4O2) is added to the surface of the polyester fabric, and a chemical reaction between C3H4O2 and the polyester fabric is carried out by a thermal curing method to form stable covalent bonds, so that C3H4O2 and the polyester fabric are firmly combined together to prepare a C3H4O2 / polyester fabric. Second, 6mmol Co(NO3)·6H2O and 4mmol NH4F are added to 30ml H2O to form a uniform and clear solution, then 10ml of 28% ammonia water is added, and after stirring, the prepared transparent mixed solution and the C3H4O2 / polyester fabric (3×3cm) are transferred to a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and incubated at 120℃ for 10h; after the reaction is completed, the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, and the obtained sample is washed with ethanol and deionized water for three times, and vacuum dried at 60℃ to obtain a Co(OH)2 / C3H4O2 / polyester fabric. Then, the Co(OH)2 / PDA / polyester fabric is immersed in a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) aqueous solution to finally obtain a MWCNTs / Ni(OH)2 / C3H4O2 / polyester composite thermal textile.​

[0072] Example 3

[0073] The preparation method of the CB / Mg(OH)2 / PDA / cotton composite thermal fabric of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

[0074] First, load polydopamine (PDA) on the surface of the cotton fabric, firmly combine the self-polymerized PDA with the cotton fabric together, and prepare a PDA / cotton fabric. Second, add 8 mmol MgCl2·6H2O into 30 ml H2O to stir into a uniform and clear solution, continue to add 5 ml of 25% mass fraction of ammonia water, and finally add 10 ml of 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Transfer the prepared transparent mixed solution and PDA / cotton fabric (3×3 cm) into a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and incubate at 120°C for 12 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, the obtained sample is washed with ethanol and deionized water for three times, and vacuum dried at 60°C to obtain a Mg(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric. Carbon black (CB) is added to a mixed aqueous solution of 7% (wt) sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 12% (wt) urea (CH4N2O) at a concentration of 2 g / L, stirred, and ultrasonically treated for 30 min to obtain a carbon black dispersion solution with good dispersion. Then, the Mg(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric is immersed in the above-synthesized carbon black dispersion solution to finally obtain a CB / Mg(OH)2 / PDA / cotton composite thermal fabric.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] The preparation method of the SWNTs / Ni(OH)2 / C3H4O2 / polyester composite thermal fabric of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

[0077] First, acrylic acid (C3H4O2) is applied to the surface of the polyester fabric, and the acrylic acid is chemically reacted with the polyester fabric by a thermal curing method to form stable covalent bonds, so that the acrylic acid and the polyester fabric are firmly combined together, denoted as C3H4O2 / polyester fabric. Second, 6 mmol of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, 15 mmol of CH4N2O, and 6 mmol of NH4F are added to 30 ml of H2O to form a uniform and clear solution. The prepared transparent mixed solution and the C3H4O2 / polyester fabric (3×3 cm) are transferred to a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and are incubated at 140°C for 12 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature. The obtained sample is washed with ethanol and deionized water three times, and is vacuum dried at 60°C to obtain a Ni(OH)2 / C3H4O2 / polyester fabric. Then, the Ni(OH)2 / C3H4O2 / polyester fabric is immersed in a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNTs) aqueous solution to finally obtain a SWNTs / Ni(OH)2 / C3H4O2 / polyester composite thermal textile.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] The preparation method of the graphene / Co(OH)2 / PDA / cotton composite thermal fabric of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

[0080] First, polydopamine (PDA) is loaded on the surface of the cotton fabric, and the self-polymerized PDA is firmly combined with the cotton fabric to prepare a PDA / cotton fabric. Second, 6 mmol of Co(NO3)·6H2O and 4 mmol of NH4F are added to 30 ml of H2O to form a uniform and clear solution. Then, 10 ml of 28% ammonia water is added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly. The prepared transparent mixed solution and the PDA / cotton fabric (3×3 cm) are transferred to a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and are incubated at 120°C for 10 h. After the reaction is completed, the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature. The obtained sample is washed with ethanol and deionized water three times, and is vacuum dried at 60°C to obtain a Co(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric. Then, the Co(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric is immersed in a graphene solution to finally obtain a graphene / Co(OH)2 / PDA / cotton composite thermal textile.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] The present embodiment is the preparation of a cotton fabric. The pure cotton fabric is only washed with water and ethanol, and is not subjected to other treatments. Compared with Example 1, the cotton fabric exhibits relatively poor thermal performance, as shown in Table 1. Figure 5 and Figure 6 .

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] This example is a PDA treated cotton fabric. That is, 0.5 g of dopamine hydrochloride is dissolved in 250 mL of Tris-HCl (pH = 8.5), and then the cotton fabric, which has been ultrasonically cleaned with ethanol and deionized water for 2 h, is immersed in the above solution, and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. Finally, the treated cotton fabric is vacuum dried at 60°C, and the obtained fabric is named PDA / cotton fabric. Compared with Example 1, it exhibits relatively low thermal retention performance, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 .

[0085] Comparative Example 3

[0086] This example is a Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric. 0.5 g of dopamine hydrochloride is dissolved in 250 mL of Tris-HCl (pH = 8.5), and then the cotton fabric, which has been ultrasonically cleaned with ethanol and deionized water for 2 h, is immersed in the above solution, and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. The treated cotton fabric is vacuum dried at 60°C, and the obtained fabric is named PDA / cotton fabric. Then, 6 mmol of Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, 15 mmol of CH4N2O, and 6 mmol of NH4F are added to 30 mL of H2O to form a uniform and clear solution, and the prepared transparent solution and the PDA / cotton fabric (3 × 3 cm) are transferred to a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and incubated at 140°C for 12 h; after the reaction is completed, the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, and the obtained sample is washed with ethanol and deionized water three times, and vacuum dried at 60°C to obtain a Ni(OH)2 / PDA / cotton fabric. Compared with Example 1, it exhibits relatively low thermal retention performance, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 .

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] This example is a MXene / PDA / cotton composite fabric. 0.5 g of dopamine hydrochloride is dissolved in 250 mL of Tris-HCl (pH = 8.5), and then the cotton fabric, which has been ultrasonically cleaned with ethanol and deionized water for 2 h, is immersed in the above solution, and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. The treated cotton fabric is vacuum dried at 60°C, and the obtained fabric is named PDA / cotton fabric. Then, the PDA / cotton fabric is immersed in a MXene monolayer nanosheet solution, and finally a MXene loaded composite thermal retention fabric is obtained, which is named MXene / PDA / cotton fabric. Compared with Example 1, it exhibits relatively low thermal retention performance, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 .

[0089] Based on the present application scheme embodiment is numerous, each embodiment experiment data is large numerous, not suitable for here one by one enumerated description, but each embodiment needs to verify the content and the final conclusion obtained are close. Therefore, the verification content of each embodiment is not described one by one here, only embodiment 1 is taken as a representative to explain the advantages of the present application.

[0090] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the technical features of the present application are not limited thereto. Any simple change, equivalent replacement or modification made on the basis of the present application to achieve substantially the same technical effect is covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A thermal fabric having both passive radiation and photoelectric heating, characterized by: The warm fabric is woven by a composite fabric fiber structure, the composite fabric fiber structure comprises: a fabric substrate; an adhesive adsorbed on the surface of the fabric substrate; a porous metal hydroxide layer with thermal insulation and passive radiation warm and a carbon nanomaterial layer with passive radiation and photoelectric heating, the porous metal hydroxide layer is between the carbon nanomaterial layer and the adhesive; the porous metal hydroxide layer is at least one of nickel hydroxide, cobalt hydroxide, iron hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; the carbon nanomaterial layer is at least one of MXene, graphene, carbon black and carbon nanotube.

2. The thermal fabric of claim 1, wherein: The adhesive is formed by in-situ reaction of monomer or oligomer adsorbed on the surface of the fabric substrate on the fiber, and the adhesive includes but is not limited to polydopamine and acrylate.

3. The thermal fabric of claim 2, wherein: The mass ratio of the adhesive to the fabric substrate is 0.05-0.2:

1.

4. The thermal fabric of claim 1, wherein: The porous metal hydroxide layer is composed of nanowires or nanosheets, and the mass ratio of the porous metal hydroxide layer to the fabric substrate is 0.05-0.5:

1.

5. The thermal fabric of claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of the carbon nanomaterial layer to the fabric substrate is 0.05-1:

1.

6. The thermal fabric of claim 1, wherein: The fabric substrate is a cotton fabric or a polyester fabric.

7. A method for preparing a warm-keeping fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: S1, fabric substrate pretreatment: removing grease and impurities on the surface of the fabric substrate by ethanol or sodium hydroxide; then soaking the fabric substrate in a solution containing an adhesive, and allowing the adhesive to polymerize in-situ on the fiber of the fabric substrate by standing or ultraviolet irradiation, thereby obtaining a fabric substrate containing an adhesive on the surface of the fiber; S2, hydrothermal treatment of the fabric substrate: mixing the fabric substrate pretreated in step S1 with an aqueous solution of a metal salt in a beaker, transferring to a reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and hydrothermally reacting at a certain temperature for a period of time to obtain a fabric substrate containing a porous metal hydroxide layer and an adhesive; S3, surface treatment of the fabric substrate: treating the fabric substrate after hydrothermal treatment in step S2 with a suspension containing carbon nanomaterial by a modification method to obtain a composite fabric fiber structure, and weaving the required warm fabric.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises the step of: 8.

1. applying a finishing agent to the surface of the fabric. The solution containing the adhesive in step S1 is a 2g / L dopamine hydrochloride solution, and the fabric substrate is soaked in the dopamine hydrochloride solution for 2-24h.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises the step of: 9.

1. applying a finishing agent to the surface of the fabric. The solution containing the adhesive in step S1 is composed of low-viscosity acrylate monomer or oligomer, which is solidified on the surface of the fiber of the fabric substrate by ultraviolet irradiation for 1-60s.

10. The process for preparing a thermal fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating according to claim 7, characterized in that: The metal salt in step S2 is a nickel salt, a cobalt salt, an iron salt or a magnesium salt.

11. A process for the preparation of a thermal fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating according to claim 10, characterized in that: The nickel salt is at least one of nickel chloride hexahydrate, nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel nitrate hexahydrate and nickel sulfate heptahydrate.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the method further comprises the step of: 15 applying a reflective material to the back surface of the fabric. The cobalt salt is at least one of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, cobalt acetate tetrahydrate and cobalt chloride hexahydrate.

13. The process for preparing a thermal fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating according to claim 10, characterized in that: The iron salt is at least one of ferric chloride, iron sulfate and iron nitrate.

14. The process for preparing a thermal fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating according to claim 10, characterized in that: The magnesium salt is at least one of magnesium chloride hexahydrate and magnesium sulfate.

15. A method for preparing a thermal insulation fabric with both passive radiation and photoelectric heating according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in step S2 is 60-150℃, and the hydrothermal time is 0.5-48h.

16. The method of claim 7, wherein the process for preparing a warm fabric with passive radiation and photoelectric heating is characterized by: The carbon nanomaterial-containing suspension in step S3 is at least one of MXene, graphene, carbon black, and carbon nanotube, and the concentration of the carbon nanomaterial-containing suspension is 0.5-10 mg / mL, and the treatment time is 0.5-6 h.

17. A method for preparing a thermal insulation fabric with both passive radiation and photoelectric heating according to claim 7, characterized in that: The modification method in step S3 includes an impregnation method, a padding method, a coating method, or a vacuum filtration method.

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