Field water and fertilizer saving seeding method and seeding machine thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of agricultural seeding technology, and particularly relates to a field water and fertilizer saving seeding method and a seeding machine thereof. The seeding method comprises the following steps: preparing a paper bag, and opening a trench in a field; opening the paper bag and making the opening of the paper bag face upward, sequentially putting soil, fertilizer and seeds into the paper bag; making the opening of the paper bag face upward by means of suspension of a rope body, and sequentially and interval putting into the trench; backfilling soil into the interspace in the trench and the paper bag; laying a drip irrigation belt along the paper bag in the field, with a water outlet of the drip irrigation belt being above the paper bag and facing the opening of the paper bag; and according to growth requirements of crops, carrying out water and fertilizer management on the field, and applying water and fertilizer into the paper bag. The method can effectively improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer by crops, and realizes water and fertilizer saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural sowing technology, specifically relating to a water-saving and fertilizer-saving sowing method for field planting and a sowing machine thereof. Background Technology

[0002] In conventional field planting, crop seeds are sown directly into the soil, and fertilizer and irrigation are applied according to the needs of the crop. Since there are no barriers between soil layers, irrigation water easily seeps into the soil along the crop root zone. At the same time, it leaches fertilizer in the soil, and the water and fertilizer cannot be fully utilized by the crop. In order to ensure the normal needs of the crop, more water and fertilizer need to be applied, which increases the planting cost. Moreover, excessive application of fertilizer can also cause soil and groundwater pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a water- and fertilizer-saving sowing method and a sowing machine for field planting, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer by crops and achieve water and fertilizer conservation.

[0004] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0005] A water- and fertilizer-saving sowing method for field planting, the key of which includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Prepare paper bags and dig ditches in the field;

[0007] S2. Open the paper bag with the opening facing upwards, and put the soil, fertilizer, and seeds into the paper bag in sequence;

[0008] S3. Using the rope to suspend the paper bags with the opening facing upwards, place them into the groove one after another at intervals;

[0009] S4. Backfill the gaps in the trench and the paper bags with soil;

[0010] S5. Lay drip irrigation tape along the paper bag in the field, with the drip irrigation tape outlet located above the paper bag and facing the opening of the paper bag;

[0011] S6. According to the growth needs of crops, water and fertilizer management shall be carried out in the field, and water and fertilizer shall be applied into paper bags.

[0012] In step S3, the paper bags are arranged at equal intervals along the grooves.

[0013] A seeder for implementing a water-saving and fertilizer-saving field sowing method includes a tractor, a frame suspended and connected to the tractor, and a fertilization and sowing unit mounted on the frame. The frame is equipped with a bag storage bin, a limiting plate arranged sequentially along the bag output direction, a soil filling unit, and a drip irrigation tape laying reel. The outlet of the bag storage bin is connected to a conveyor belt that allows the bags to pass sequentially through the soil filling unit, the fertilization and sowing unit, and fall into a furrow. The bags are connected in series and stacked in the bag storage bin by ropes. The limiting plate reciprocates in and out of the bag storage bin by a drive assembly to limit the bags inside the bin. The ropes, by means of the limiting plate, pull the front and rear ends of the bags outside the bin to open them.

[0014] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a cam located above the paper bag and a vertically arranged guide rail. The cam is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the limiting plate is provided with a T-shaped rod matching the T-shaped groove and a slider matching the guide rail. The rotation of the cam causes the limiting plate to perform vertical reciprocating motion along the guide rail.

[0015] Furthermore, the storage bag compartment is also provided with a raised edge parallel to the limiting plate, which blocks the edge of the paper bag.

[0016] Furthermore, the frame is equipped with a rotary tiller shaft located in front of the conveyor belt outlet and a lifting belt with a soil-lifting scraper located behind the rotary tiller shaft. The soil filling unit includes a soil storage bin connected to the outlet end of the lifting belt and a soil-taking shaft set inside the soil storage bin. The outlet of the soil storage bin is correspondingly set with the paper bags on the conveyor belt. The soil-taking shaft is provided with a soil-taking groove. The soil-taking shaft rotates inside the soil storage bin and, with the cooperation of the inner wall of the soil storage bin, drops the soil into the paper bags at intervals.

[0017] Furthermore, the frame is also equipped with a trenching shovel located behind the lifting belt and a soil covering disc located behind the conveyor belt that is matched with the trenching shovel.

[0018] Furthermore, the fertilization and sowing unit is located behind the soil filling unit. The fertilization and sowing unit includes a fertilizer bin, a seed bin, a fertilizer sowing disc connected to the fertilizer bin, and a seed sowing disc connected to the seed bin. The discharge ports of the fertilizer sowing disc and the seed sowing disc are respectively set to correspond to the paper bags on the conveyor belt.

[0019] Furthermore, the two ends of the rope are respectively connected to the adjacent ends of two adjacent paper bags. The rope is provided with protrusions on the inner and outer sides of the paper bags for clamping the paper bags. The limiting plate fits against the protrusions on the outer side of the paper bags to form a limiting position. The limiting plate is provided with clearance holes for the rope.

[0020] Furthermore, the left and right sides of the paper bag are folded in an M-shape, and the two sides of the conveyor belt are equipped with baffles that match the paper bag. The baffles at the inlet of the conveyor belt are arranged in a V-shape.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] This invention involves sowing seeds in paper bags and placing the bags in field furrows. The paper bags isolate the soil around the seeds from the field soil, slowing down fertilizer infiltration and keeping fertilizer and water near the crop root zone. This improves the utilization rate of water and fertilizer by the crop roots, effectively reducing the amount of fertilizer and water applied, thus achieving water and fertilizer conservation. The reduction in water application also reduces fertilizer leaching in the soil, further reducing fertilizer loss, improving fertilizer utilization, and reducing fertilizer pollution to soil and groundwater. Furthermore, the paper bags are biodegradable in the soil and will not pollute it, achieving energy conservation and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the working state of the limit plate;

[0026] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view showing the limiting plate restricting the paper bag.

[0027] In the attached diagram, 1. Paper bag, 2. Trench, 3. Drip irrigation tape, 4. Cover, 5. Storage bag bin, 6. Limiting plate, 7. Soil filling unit, 701. Soil storage bin, 702. Soil taking shaft, 703. Soil taking groove, 8. Laying reel, 9. Conveyor belt, 10. Rope, 11. Cam, 12. Guide rail, 13. T-shaped chute, 14. T-shaped rod, 15. Sliding block, 16. Raised edge, 17. Rotary tillage blade shaft, 18. Soil lifting scraper, 19. Lifting belt, 20. Furrowing shovel, 21. Covering disc, 22. Fertilizer bin, 23. Seed bin, 24. Fertilizer hole sowing disc, 25. Seed hole sowing disc, 26. Protrusion, 27. Clearance hole, 28. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0029] Specific implementation examples Figure 1-4 As shown,

[0030] A water- and fertilizer-saving sowing method for field planting, the key of which includes the following steps:

[0031] S1. Prepare paper bags 1 and dig ditches 2 in the field for holding paper bags 1;

[0032] S2. Open paper bag 1 with the opening facing upwards, and put soil, fertilizer and seeds into paper bag 1 in sequence;

[0033] S3. With the help of the rope 10, the paper bags 1 are placed into the groove 2 with the opening facing upwards and at intervals in sequence;

[0034] S4. Backfill soil into the gaps in trench 2 and into paper bag 1;

[0035] S5. Lay drip irrigation tape 3 along the paper bag 1 in the field, with the outlet of drip irrigation tape 3 located above the paper bag 1 and facing the opening of the paper bag 1;

[0036] S6. According to the growth needs of crops, water and fertilizer management is carried out in the field. Water and fertilizer are applied into paper bags 1. Irrigation is carried out by drip irrigation belt 3 to irrigate water into paper bags 1, and fertilizer can be applied into paper bags 1 by drip irrigation belt 3, fertilizer applicator or manual application.

[0037] Seeds are sown in paper bags 1 and placed in field furrows 2. The paper bags 1 isolate the soil around the seeds from the field soil, which slows down fertilizer infiltration and keeps fertilizer and water near the root zone of the crop, improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer by the crop roots. This effectively reduces the amount of fertilizer and water applied, achieving water and fertilizer conservation. The reduction in water application can reduce the leaching of fertilizer in the soil, further reducing fertilizer loss and improving fertilizer utilization. Moreover, the paper bags 1 can degrade in the soil and will not pollute the soil.

[0038] This embodiment relates to a water-saving and fertilizer-saving field sowing method implemented by a seeder. The seeder includes a tractor, a frame suspended and connected to the tractor, and a fertilizer and sowing unit set on the frame. The frame is provided with a storage bag bin 5, a limiting plate 6, a soil filling unit 7, and a laying reel 8 for drip irrigation tape 3 arranged sequentially along the output direction of the paper bags 1. The outlet of the storage bag bin 5 is connected to a conveyor belt 9 that allows the paper bags 1 to pass through the soil filling unit 7 and the fertilizer and sowing unit in sequence and fall into the trench 2. The paper bags 1 are connected in series and stacked in the storage bag bin 5 by means of ropes 10. The limiting plate 6 reciprocates in and out of the storage bag bin 5 by means of a drive component to limit the paper bags 1 in the storage bag bin 5. The ropes 10 pull the front and rear ends of the paper bags 1 outside the storage bag bin 5 by means of the limiting plate 6 to open the paper bags 1.

[0039] The trench 2 can be pre-drilled before placing the paper bags 1, or a trenching device can be installed on the seeder. In this embodiment, the frame is equipped with a rotary tiller shaft 17, a lifting belt 19 with a soil-lifting scraper 18 located behind the rotary tiller shaft 17, and a trenching shovel 20 located between the discharge port of the conveyor belt 9 and the lifting belt 19. During the movement of the tractor, the rotary tiller shaft 17 tills and breaks up the soil in the field, and the lifting belt 19 lifts the fine soil and transports it to the backfilling unit 7. During the soil lifting process, the lifting belt 19 forms trench 2 in the field. The trenching shovel 20 passes through the trench 2 and further expands the trench 2. While expanding the trench 2, it disperses the soil in the trench 2 to both sides of the trench 2, so that after the paper bags 1 fall into the trench 2, the soil can be backfilled into the gaps between the paper bags 1 in the trench 2. The lifting belt 19 is set inside the cover 4 to reduce the generation of dust in the air.

[0040] After trench 2 is opened, the tractor continues to move, and paper bags 1 are discharged from the storage bin 5. Specifically, the drive component drives the limiting plate 6 to disengage from the storage bin 5. With the help of the rope 10, the outermost paper bag 1 in the storage bin 5 is pulled out of the storage bin 5 by the paper bag 1 outside the storage bin 5 and discharged onto the conveyor belt 9. The drive component drives the limiting plate 6 into the storage bin 5 to prevent other paper bags 1 from being discharged outward. At this time, the front and rear ends of the paper bag 1 that was initially discharged from the storage bin 5 are pulled open by the tension, and the paper bag 1 is in an open state, which makes it easy for the filling unit 7 to fill the paper bag 1 with soil. After the soil enters the paper bag 1, it provides support to the side wall of the paper bag 1, and the paper bag 1 can remain in an open state, which makes it easy for the fertilization and sowing unit to carry out fertilization and sowing operations into the paper bag 1. Moreover, the weight of the paper bag 1 with soil increases, and it is not easy to tip over during the transportation by the conveyor belt 9. After being output by the conveyor belt 9, the paper bag 1 can sink smoothly to the bottom of the trench 2 due to gravity. The conveyor belt 9 transports the paper bag 1 backward, avoiding direct pulling of the paper bag 1 and causing damage.

[0041] The driving assembly includes a cam 11 located above the paper bag 1 and a vertically arranged guide rail 12. The cam 11 is provided with a T-shaped groove 13, and the limiting plate 6 is provided with a T-shaped rod 14 that matches the T-shaped groove 13 and a slider 15 that matches the guide rail 12. The cam 11 clamps the limiting plate 6 with the cooperation of the T-shaped groove 13 and the T-shaped rod 14, so that the cam 11 can drive the limiting plate 6 to move along the guide rail 12. During the rotation of the cam 11, the T-shaped rod 14 moves along the T-shaped groove 13, so that the limiting plate 6 makes vertical reciprocating motion along the guide rail 12, realizing the reciprocating entry and exit of the limiting plate 6 into the storage bag compartment 5.

[0042] The storage compartment 5 is also provided with a protruding edge 16 parallel to the limiting plate 6. The protruding edge 16 forms a block on the left and right edges of the paper bag 1, preventing multiple paper bags 1 from falling out of the storage compartment 5 when the limiting plate 6 is raised. When the outermost paper bag 1 is subjected to a pulling force, it is blocked by the protruding edge 16, and the paper bag 1 bends and is pulled out of the storage compartment 5. The rope 10 between the paper bag 1 and the other paper bags 1 in the storage compartment 5 is not yet taut, so the other paper bags 1 are not subjected to outward pulling force. The limiting plate 6 enters the storage compartment 5 to limit the paper bag 1, preventing the paper bag 1 in the storage compartment 5 from being pulled out by force. At the same time, it forms a pulling force on the paper bag 1 that is discharged from the storage compartment 5, causing the paper bag 1 to open.

[0043] The two ends of the rope 10 are connected to the adjacent ends of two adjacent paper bags 1 respectively. The rope 10 is provided with protrusions 26 on the inner and outer sides of the paper bags 1 for clamping the paper bags 1. The limiting plate 6 fits against the protrusions 26 on the outer side of the paper bags 1 to form a limit. The limiting plate 6 is provided with a clearance hole 27 for the rope 10. The limiting plate 6 moves from top to bottom, and the clearance hole 27 is fitted onto the rope 10. The limiting plate 6 limits the protrusions 36, so that the tension is applied to the rope 10 of the paper bags 1 in the storage compartment 5, preventing the paper bags 1 from being stressed and preventing the paper bags 1 from breaking. The protrusions 26 increase the contact area between the rope 10 and the paper bags 1, which can effectively prevent the rope 10 from falling off the paper bags 1, and at the same time prevent the paper bags 1 from breaking due to pressure concentration.

[0044] The conveyor belt 9 is provided with baffles 28 on both sides to match the paper bag 1. The baffles 28 at the inlet of the conveyor belt 9 are arranged in a V-shape, that is, the baffles 28 at the end of the conveyor belt 9 near the storage bin 5 are arranged in a V-shape. The distance between the baffles 28 on the rear side of the conveyor belt 9 is tighter than that between the baffles 28 at the inlet. The baffles 28 on the rear side of the conveyor belt 9 are arranged in parallel. The V-shaped baffles 28 facilitate the smooth entry of the paper bag 1 into the conveyor belt 9 after it is output from the storage bin 5. The baffles 28 on the rear side of the conveyor belt 9 provide support for both sides of the paper bag 1 to prevent the paper bag 1 from tilting.

[0045] The left and right sides of the paper bag 1 are folded in an M-shape. When the paper bag 1 is not squeezed by external force, the side walls at the front and rear ends are easy to separate and easy to pull open.

[0046] The filling unit 7 includes a soil storage bin 701 connected to the discharge end of the lifting belt 19, and a soil-collecting shaft 702 disposed within the soil storage bin 701. The discharge port of the soil storage bin 701 is correspondingly positioned to the paper bag 1 on the conveyor belt. The soil-collecting shaft 702 is provided with a soil-collecting groove 703. The soil-collecting shaft 702 rotates within the soil storage bin 701, and by cooperating with the inner wall of the soil storage bin 701, it causes soil to fall intermittently into the paper bag 1. The lifting belt 19 then lifts the soil and discharges it into the soil storage bin 71. The side wall of the soil-collecting shaft 702 rotates within the soil storage bin 701. The inner wall of the soil storage bin 701 is fitted to prevent the soil inside the soil storage bin 701 from falling. When the soil taking groove 703 on the soil taking shaft 702 passes through the soil storage bin 701, the soil inside the soil storage bin 701 falls into the soil taking groove 703. The soil taking shaft 702 continues to rotate, and the soil taking groove 703 faces the discharge port of the soil storage bin 701. The soil in the soil taking groove 703 enters the open paper bag 1 through the discharge port of the soil storage bin 701. The soil is intermittently taken and output downward to complete the filling operation of the paper bag 1, avoiding the soil from falling onto the frame or conveyor belt 9.

[0047] The fertilization and sowing unit is located behind the soil filling unit 7. The unit includes a fertilizer bin 22, a seed bin 23, a fertilizer seeding disc 24 connected to the fertilizer bin 22, and a seed seeding disc 25 connected to the seed bin 23, all mounted on the frame. The discharge ports of the fertilizer seeding disc 24 and the seed seeding disc 25 are respectively positioned corresponding to the paper bags 1 on the conveyor belt 9. In this embodiment, the fertilizer seeding disc 24 is located in front of the seed seeding disc 25. The conveyor belt 9 drives the paper bags 1 to pass sequentially through the fertilizer seeding disc 24 and the seed seeding disc 25. The fertilizer seeding disc 24 and the seed seeding disc 25 rotate to apply fertilizer and seeds into the paper bags 1, completing the fertilization and sowing process.

[0048] The frame is also equipped with a soil covering tray 21 located behind the conveyor belt 9 and matched with the trenching shovel 20. When the paper bags 1 containing soil, seeds, and fertilizer fall into the trench 2, the soil covering tray 21 backfills the soil from both sides of the trench 2 into the gaps between the paper bags 1 in the trench 2, forming a wrapping between the paper bags 1 to prevent the paper bags 1 from breaking and tipping over quickly, and to reduce the loss of moisture from the paper bags 1. Finally, the drip irrigation tape 3 laying reel 8 rotates to lay the drip irrigation tape 3 on top of the trench 2.

[0049] This invention relates to a seeder for a water-saving and fertilizer-saving sowing method in the field, which can simultaneously complete furrowing, bag opening, soil filling, sowing, fertilization and soil backfilling, greatly improving work efficiency. In this sowing method, the paper bag 1 acts as a barrier between the field soil and the crop root zone soil, and the drip irrigation belt 3 is used to irrigate the paper bag 1. The paper bag 1 leaves water and fertilizer near the crop root zone, so that the crop can make full use of water and fertilizer, reduce the amount of water and fertilizer applied, and achieve water and fertilizer saving.

Claims

1. A planter comprising a tractor, a frame suspendedly connected to the tractor, and a fertilizer-seed unit provided on the frame, characterized in that: The rack is provided with a storage bag bin (5), a limiting plate (6) arranged in sequence along the output direction of the paper bag (1), a soil filling unit (7) and a laying reel (8) of the drip irrigation tape (3), the outlet of the storage bag bin (5) is connected with a conveying belt (9) for making the paper bag (1) pass through the soil filling unit (7), the fertilization and seeding unit in sequence and fall into the trench (2), the paper bag (1) is spaced and connected in series by means of a rope body (10) and is stacked in the storage bag bin (5), the limiting plate (6) reciprocates in and out of the storage bag bin (5) by means of a driving assembly to limit the paper bag (1) in the storage bag bin (5), the rope body (10) pulls the front and rear ends of the paper bag (1) outside the storage bag bin (5) to open the paper bag (1) by means of the limiting of the limiting plate (6). The seeder is applied to the field water-saving and fertilizer-saving seeding method, and comprises the following steps: S1. Prepare the paper bag (1), and open the trench (2) in the field; S2. Open the paper bag (1) and make the opening of the paper bag (1) face upward, and sequentially put the soil, the fertilizer and the seeds into the paper bag (1); S3. Make the paper bag (1) open upward by means of the suspension of the rope body (10) and sequentially and spacedly put into the trench (2); S4. Backfill the soil into the gap in the trench (2) and the paper bag (1); S5. Lay the drip irrigation tape (3) in the field along the paper bag (1), and the water outlet of the drip irrigation tape (3) is located above the paper bag (1) and faces the opening of the paper bag (1); S6. According to the growth requirement of the crops, the field is managed by water and fertilizer, and the water and the fertilizer are applied into the paper bag (1).

2. A planter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the paper bag (1) is arranged at equal intervals along the trench (2).

3. A planter according to claim 1, wherein: The driving assembly comprises a cam (11) located above the paper bag (1) and a vertically arranged guide rail (12), the cam (11) is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove (13), the limiting plate (6) is provided with a T-shaped rod (14) matched with the T-shaped sliding groove (13) and a sliding block (15) matched with the guide rail (12), and the rotation of the cam (11) makes the limiting plate (6) vertically reciprocate along the guide rail (12).

4. The planter of claim 1, wherein: The storage bag bin (5) is further provided with a convex edge (16) parallel to the limiting plate (6), and the convex edge (16) forms a barrier to the edge of the paper bag (1).

5. The planter of claim 1, wherein: The rack is provided with a rotary tiller shaft (17) located in front of the discharge port of the conveying belt (9), a lifting belt (19) with a soil lifting scraper (18) located behind the rotary tiller shaft (17), the soil filling unit (7) comprises a soil storage bin (701) communicated with the discharge end of the lifting belt (19) and a soil taking shaft (702) arranged in the soil storage bin (701), the discharge port of the soil storage bin (701) is correspondingly arranged with the paper bag (1) on the conveying belt, and the soil taking shaft (702) is provided with a soil taking groove (703), and the soil taking shaft (702) rotates in the soil storage bin (701) to drop the soil into the paper bag (1) by means of the cooperation with the inner wall of the soil storage bin (701).

6. A planter according to claim 5, wherein: The rack is further provided with a trenching shovel (20) located behind the lifting belt (19) and a soil covering disc (21) matched with the trenching shovel (20) and located behind the conveying belt (9).

7. A planter according to claim 1, wherein: The fertilizing and seeding unit is located behind the filling unit (7), and comprises a fertilizer bin (22), a seed bin (23), a fertilizer hole-seeding disc (24) connected with the fertilizer bin (22), and a seed hole-seeding disc (25) connected with the seed bin (23), and the discharge ports of the fertilizer hole-seeding disc (24) and the seed hole-seeding disc (25) are respectively arranged corresponding to the paper bags (1) on the conveying belt (9).

8. The planter of claim 1, wherein: The two ends of the rope body (10) are respectively connected with the adjacent ends of two adjacent paper bags (1), and the inner and outer sides of the rope body (10) are respectively provided with protrusions (26) for clamping the paper bags (1), and the limiting plates (6) are in close contact with the protrusions (26) on the outer sides of the paper bags (1) to form limiting, and the limiting plates (6) are provided with avoiding holes (27) for the rope body (10).

9. A planter according to claim 1, wherein: The left and right sides of the paper bag (1) are folded in an M shape, and the conveying belt (9) is provided with baffles (28) matched with the paper bags (1) on the two sides, and the baffles (28) at the inlet of the conveying belt (9) are arranged in a V shape.

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