A polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of mineral processing technology, specifically to a polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent, its preparation method, and its application. The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent includes: mixing a nitrogen-containing compound, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate, and heating the mixture to carry out a first catalytic reaction to obtain a first intermediate; the nitrogen-containing compound includes at least one selected from urea, biuret, and ammonium carbamate; mixing a cyanamide compound and sodium hydroxide, and carrying out a second catalytic reaction under a chlorine atmosphere to obtain a second intermediate; the cyanamide compound includes at least one selected from cyanamide, sodium dicyandiamide, and calcium cyanamide; mixing the first and second intermediates to obtain the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent. The beneficiation separation reagent prepared by the method of this invention can achieve low-alkali separation of copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc, and gold leaching, possessing the advantages of being green, low-toxicity, and environmentally friendly, and also exhibiting better separation and leaching effects and higher concentrate quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing technology, and more specifically, to a polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Copper, lead, zinc, and gold are major non-ferrous metal resources, and their development and utilization have attracted widespread attention. Currently, the recycling of copper, lead, zinc, and gold generally faces the challenges of large lime consumption and difficulties in high-alkali separation, which are common problems in the non-ferrous metals industry.

[0003] Chalcopyrite is the main copper-bearing mineral in porphyry copper deposits, often occurring alongside pyrite. Currently, high-alkali separation is mainly used in copper-sulfur flotation to suppress pyrite. The excessive use of lime easily leads to a large amount of calcium ions in the flotation pulp, causing scaling on equipment or pipelines and increasing equipment failure rates. Simultaneously, the excessive use of lime also inhibits the formation of associated molybdenum and rhenium metals in the ore body, reducing revenue.

[0004] Furthermore, in polymetallic lead-zinc sulfide deposits, the depressant in the lead-zinc flotation separation process needs to be carried out under strongly alkaline conditions, which leads to a decrease in lead recovery and a high lead content in the zinc concentrate.

[0005] In addition, cyanide is often used as a gold leaching agent in the leaching process of gold ore. At the same time, a large amount of sodium cyanide needs to be added as a stabilizer to reduce the volatilization of sodium cyanide, which leads to calcium buildup and blockage of pipelines, affecting normal production.

[0006] Therefore, based on the characteristics of mineral crystal faces and the differences between atoms, and using coordination chemistry as a foundation, this paper analyzes the saturated / unsaturated coordination structure between reagent molecules and mineral surfaces through molecular orbital theory to modulate the electrochemical properties of the reagent's π orbitals and the mineral's θ orbitals. This process aims to prepare a novel, low-toxicity, environmentally friendly, and highly selective mineral processing and separation reagent to achieve low-alkali separation of copper, lead, zinc, gold, and sulfur, thus solving a common problem in the non-ferrous metals industry. This is of great significance.

[0007] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent. The method involves mixing and using a first and second intermediate obtained through a catalytic reaction. Due to the differences in the coordination properties of metal ions on the surfaces of different minerals, the reagent achieves targeted adsorption on the mineral surfaces. The -CN and -NH bonds in the molecular structure bond with low-spin iron ions, oxygen atoms, etc., and dissolve in a stable -C / NHM form (M being the target metal ion). This creates defect sites on the metal surface, promoting the adsorption of hydrophilic groups such as -COOH bonds, thereby increasing the hydrophilicity of the mineral. The beneficiation and separation reagent prepared using this method can achieve low-alkali separation of copper, sulfur, lead, and zinc, as well as gold leaching. It has the advantages of being green, low-toxicity, and environmentally friendly, and also provides better separation and leaching effects, resulting in higher concentrate quality.

[0009] The second objective of this invention is to provide a polymetallic ore beneficiation separation agent that can achieve the separation of lead-zinc minerals after flotation, the low-alkalinity separation of copper-sulfur minerals, and the leaching of gold ore. It has good separation effect, strong stability, and strong adaptability, and solves the technical problem of large lime consumption caused by high-alkalinity separation in traditional ore beneficiation processes.

[0010] A third objective of this invention is to provide the application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent in copper-sulfur flotation separation.

[0011] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide the application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent in lead-zinc flotation separation.

[0012] The fifth objective of this invention is to provide the application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent in gold ore leaching.

[0013] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0014] This invention first provides a method for preparing a polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (a) A nitrogen-containing compound, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate are mixed and heated to carry out a first catalytic reaction to obtain a first intermediate; wherein the nitrogen-containing compound includes at least one of urea, biuret, and ammonium carbamate;

[0016] (b) A second catalytic reaction is carried out on a mixture of cyanamide compounds and sodium hydroxide under a chlorine atmosphere to obtain a second intermediate; wherein the cyanamide compounds include at least one of cyanamide, sodium dicyandiamide and calcium cyanamide.

[0017] (c) The first intermediate and the second intermediate are mixed to obtain the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent.

[0018] Preferably, in step (a), the mass ratio of the nitrogen-containing compound, the sodium hydroxide, and the sodium carbonate is 35–59:40–45:1–5.

[0019] Preferably, in step (a), the heating includes: reacting at room temperature for 1-2 hours under vacuum conditions, and then reacting at 100-200°C for 1-3 hours.

[0020] Preferably, in step (a), the catalyst used in the first catalytic reaction includes at least one of Pt / TiO2 catalyst, Ru / TiO2 catalyst, and Rh / TiO2 catalyst.

[0021] Preferably, in step (b), the mass ratio of the cyanamide compound to the sodium hydroxide is 5-7:1-2.

[0022] Preferably, in step (c), the mass ratio of the first intermediate to the second intermediate is 1-5:6-9.

[0023] The present invention further provides a polymetallic ore beneficiation separation agent, which is prepared by the preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation agent.

[0024] This invention further provides the application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent in copper-sulfur flotation separation.

[0025] Preferably, the copper-sulfur flotation separation method includes the following steps: using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent as a pyrite flotation inhibitor and frother, mixing the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent with the copper-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate slurry, and then performing roughing, cleaning and scavenging to obtain copper concentrate and sulfur-containing tailings.

[0026] The present invention further provides the application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent in lead-zinc flotation separation.

[0027] Preferably, the lead-zinc flotation separation method includes the following steps: using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent as a flotation inhibitor, mixing the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent with lead-zinc-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate, lead collector and frother, and then performing roughing, cleaning and scavenging to obtain lead concentrate and zinc-sulfur tailings.

[0028] The present invention also provides the application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent in gold ore leaching.

[0029] Preferably, the gold ore leaching method includes the following steps: crushing, grinding and classifying the gold ore to obtain coarse-grained minerals and fine-grained minerals; piling the coarse-grained minerals to obtain a coarse-grained mineral pile; using the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent as a leaching agent, piling the coarse-grained mineral pile and piling the fine-grained minerals into a mud pot for leaching.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] (1) The polymetallic mineral beneficiation separation agent prepared by the method of the present invention has the advantage of targeted adsorption on the mineral surface due to the difference in the coordination properties of metal ions on different mineral surfaces. In the molecular structure, -CN and -NH bonds are bonded to low-spin iron ions, oxygen and other atoms and dissolved in the form of stable -C / NHM (M is the target metal ion), which creates defect sites on the metal surface and promotes the adsorption of hydrophilic groups such as -COOH bonds on the metal surface, thereby increasing the hydrophilicity of the mineral. The beneficiation separation agent prepared by the method of the present invention can realize the low-alkali separation of copper, sulfur, lead and zinc and the leaching of gold. It has the advantages of being green, low-toxicity and environmentally friendly, and the separation and leaching effects are better and the concentrate quality is higher.

[0032] (2) The polymetallic ore beneficiation separation agent provided by the present invention can achieve the separation of lead-zinc minerals after flotation, the low-alkalinity separation of copper-sulfur minerals and the leaching of gold ore. It has good separation effect, strong stability and strong adaptability, and solves the technical problem of large lime consumption caused by high-alkalinity separation in traditional ore beneficiation process.

[0033] (3) The polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent provided by the present invention can reduce the amount of lime used in the copper-sulfur separation process by more than 90%, and realize the low-toxicity green flotation of lead-zinc sulfide minerals and the green leaching of gold. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified, in this invention, terms such as "first aspect," "second aspect," "third aspect," and "fourth aspect" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor should they be construed as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, terms such as "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" serve only as a non-exhaustive enumeration and should be understood not to constitute a closed limitation on quantity.

[0036] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "comprising" and "including" as used in this invention can be open-ended or closed-ended. For example, "comprising" and "including" can mean that other components not listed may also be included, or that only the listed components may be included.

[0037] Unless otherwise specified, in this invention, "one or more" or "at least one" refers to any one, any two, or any two or more of the listed items. "Several" refers to any two or more.

[0038] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent, comprising the following steps:

[0039] (a) A nitrogen-containing compound, sodium hydroxide (to provide alkaline conditions) and sodium carbonate (to provide alkaline conditions) are mixed and heated to carry out a first catalytic reaction to obtain a first intermediate.

[0040] The nitrogen-containing compound includes at least one of urea, biuret, and ammonium carbamate.

[0041] The first intermediate includes: a substance containing -NH bond, -C=O bond, -NH2, and triuret.

[0042] (b) After mixing the cyanamide compound and sodium hydroxide evenly, a second catalytic reaction is carried out under a chlorine atmosphere to obtain a second intermediate.

[0043] Chlorine plays a protective role, while sodium hydroxide adjusts the pH.

[0044] The cyanamide compounds include at least one of cyanamide, sodium dicyandiamide, and calcium cyanamide.

[0045] The second intermediate is mainly a cyanamide compound containing alkali metal ions, primarily consisting of -CN bonds.

[0046] (c) The first intermediate and the second intermediate are mixed to obtain the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent.

[0047] The first and second intermediates can synergistically enhance the interaction with metal ions. The presence of -CN and -NH bonds increases the water solubility of the agent and also increases the interaction between the agent and metal ions. In particular, the -NH bond, with its coexistence with metal ions, reduces the floatability of the metal ions.

[0048] The polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent prepared by the method provided in this invention can achieve targeted adsorption on the mineral surface due to the differences in the coordination properties of metal ions on different mineral surfaces. In the molecular structure, -CN and -NH bonds are bonded to low-spin iron ions, oxygen and other atoms and dissolved in the form of stable -C / NHM (M is the target metal ion), which creates defect sites on the metal surface and promotes the adsorption of hydrophilic groups such as -COOH bonds on the metal surface, thereby increasing the hydrophilicity of the mineral.

[0049] The mineral processing and separation reagents prepared by the method of this invention can achieve low-alkali separation of copper, sulfur, lead and zinc and leaching of gold. They have the advantages of being green, low-toxicity and environmentally friendly, and the separation and leaching effects are better, resulting in higher concentrate quality.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, in order to further improve the separation and leaching effect of the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation agent, in step (a), the mass ratio of the nitrogen-containing compound, the sodium hydroxide and the sodium carbonate is 35-59 (including but not limited to the point value of any one of 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 59 or the range between any two): 40-45 (including but not limited to the point value of any one of 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 or the range between any two): 1-5 (including but not limited to the point value of any one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or the range between any two).

[0051] In some specific embodiments, step (a) includes heating the product under vacuum conditions, first reacting at room temperature for 1-2 hours, and then reacting at 100-200°C (including but not limited to any one of 100°C, 120°C, 130°C, 150°C, 160°C, 180°C, and 200°C, or a range between any two) for 1-3 hours. Room temperature refers to ambient temperature, for example, 20-30°C.

[0052] In some specific embodiments, in step (a), the catalyst used for the first catalytic reaction includes at least one of Pt / TiO2 catalyst, Ru / TiO2 catalyst, and Rh / TiO2 catalyst.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, in order to further improve the separation and leaching effect of the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation agent, in step (b), the mass ratio of the cyanamide compound to the sodium hydroxide is 5-7 (including but not limited to any one of 5, 5.3, 5.5, 5.8, 6, 6.2, 6.5, 6.8, 7 or any range between the two): 1-2 (including but not limited to any one of 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2 or any range between the two).

[0054] In some specific embodiments, in order to further improve the separation and leaching effect of the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation agent, in step (c), the mass ratio of the first intermediate to the second intermediate is 1 to 5 (including but not limited to the point value of any one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or the range between any two): 6 to 9 (including but not limited to the point value of any one of 6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, 9 or the range between any two).

[0055] Secondly, the present invention provides a polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent, which is prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent.

[0056] This polymetallic ore beneficiation separation agent can achieve the separation of lead-zinc minerals after flotation, the low-alkalinity separation of copper-sulfur minerals, and the leaching of gold ore. It has good separation effect, strong stability, and strong adaptability, and solves the technical problem of large lime consumption caused by high-alkalinity separation in traditional ore beneficiation processes.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagents provided by the present invention can reduce the amount of lime used in the copper-sulfur separation process by more than 90%, and achieve low-toxicity green flotation of lead-zinc sulfide minerals and green leaching of gold.

[0058] Thirdly, the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent in copper-sulfur flotation separation.

[0059] Due to the spin difference of iron atoms in chalcopyrite and pyrite, iron in pyrite is in a low-spin state, while iron in chalcopyrite is in a high-spin state. The low-spin pyrite is more readily adsorbed by the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent provided in this invention, causing the iron atoms in the low-spin pyrite to become high-spin iron ions. This breaks the Fe-S bond, creating vacancies, which are filled by oxygen, resulting in oxidation of the pyrite surface and reducing its floatability. Conversely, the high-spin state of the iron ions on the chalcopyrite surface makes it less susceptible to oxidation, further increasing the difference in floatability between pyrite and chalcopyrite, thus achieving efficient separation of the two ores.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, the copper-sulfur flotation separation method includes the following steps: using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent as a pyrite flotation inhibitor and frother, mixing the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent with a copper-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate slurry, and then performing roughing, cleaning and scavenging to obtain copper concentrate and sulfur-containing tailings.

[0061] In some specific embodiments, the copper-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate slurry is pH adjusted. Preferably, the pH of the copper-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate slurry is first adjusted to 7-9 (including but not limited to any one of 7, 7.5, 8, 8.5, and 9 or any range between two), and then mixed evenly with the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent.

[0062] Fourthly, the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent in lead-zinc flotation separation.

[0063] Due to the differences in zinc or iron (iron sphalerite or brittle sulfide), and similarly, the differences in iron content, the reagent molecules exhibit selective differentiation. In sphalerite / iron sphalerite, the iron is tetracoordinated and in a low-spin state, while in galena / brittle sulfide, the iron is in a high-spin state. In this case, the iron on the mineral surface is not easily oxidized. After adding the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent provided by this invention as a depressant, galena / brittle sulfide is less easily oxidized, or its oxidation rate is lower than that of sphalerite / iron sphalerite. This increases the hydrophilicity of sphalerite / iron sphalerite and reduces its floatability. In some specific embodiments, the lead-zinc flotation separation method includes the following steps: using the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent as a flotation depressant, mixing the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent with a lead-zinc-sulfide mixed flotation concentrate, a lead collector, and a frother, and then performing roughing, cleaning, and scavenging to obtain lead concentrate and zinc-sulfide tailings.

[0064] In some specific embodiments, the lead-zinc-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate is pH adjusted. Preferably, the pH of the lead-zinc-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate is first adjusted to 8-11 (including but not limited to any one of 8, 8.5, 9, 9.5, 10, 10.5, 11 or any range between two), and then mixed evenly with the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent, lead collector and frother.

[0065] The lead collector includes any lead collector commonly used in the art, and the foaming agent includes any foaming agent commonly used in the art; the present invention does not limit the scope of the foaming agent.

[0066] Fifthly, the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent in gold ore leaching.

[0067] Compared with conventional reagents, the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent provided by this invention has the following advantages: low toxicity and small dosage. Compared with conventional reagents, it selectively adsorbs gold ore to form -C / NH-Au complex, which dissolves in aqueous solution, so that the gold element in the ore undergoes a displacement reaction with the reagent and dissolves in the aqueous solution, thus achieving selective leaching of gold element.

[0068] In some specific embodiments, the gold ore leaching method includes the following steps: crushing, grinding and classifying the gold ore to obtain coarse-grained minerals and fine-grained minerals; piling the coarse-grained minerals to obtain a coarse-grained mineral pile; using the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent as a leaching agent, piling the coarse-grained mineral pile and piling the fine-grained minerals into a mud pot for leaching.

[0069] In some specific embodiments, after the grading process, coarse-grained minerals with a particle size of +200 mesh and fine-grained minerals with a particle size of -200 mesh are obtained.

[0070] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0073] (1) Mix urea, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in a mass ratio of 35:40:1 evenly, and then add a small amount of Pt / TiO2 catalyst (the mass ratio of Pt / TiO2 catalyst to the mixture is 1:1.5). First, react under vacuum at room temperature (25℃) for 1 hour, and then heat to 180℃ to carry out the first catalytic reaction. After reacting for 2 hours, the first intermediate (triuretic urea) is obtained.

[0074] (2) After mixing cyanamide and sodium hydroxide in a mass ratio of 5-7:1-2 evenly, a second catalytic reaction is carried out under a chlorine atmosphere to obtain a second intermediate.

[0075] (3) Mix the first intermediate and the second intermediate in a mass ratio of 5:6 to obtain a polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1. The difference is that in step (1), urea is replaced with an equal mass of biuret, and the first intermediate obtained is triuret.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1. The difference is that in step (1), urea is replaced with an equal mass of ammonium carbamate, and the resulting first intermediate is triuret.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1. The difference is that in step (1), the mass ratio of urea, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate is replaced with 58:45:3.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1. The difference is that in step (1), the catalyst is replaced with an equal mass of Ru / TiO2 catalyst, and the reaction is carried out under vacuum and room temperature (25°C) conditions for 2 hours, and then heated to 120°C for 3 hours.

[0084] Example 6

[0085] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1. The difference is that in step (2), cyanamide is replaced with an equal mass of sodium dicyandiamide.

[0086] Example 7

[0087] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1. The difference is that in step (2), cyanamide is replaced with an equal mass of calcium cyanamide.

[0088] Example 8

[0089] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1. The difference is that in step (3), the mass ratio of the first intermediate and the second intermediate is replaced with 1:9.

[0090] Example 9

[0091] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1. The difference is that in step (3), the mass ratio of the first intermediate and the second intermediate is replaced with 3:7.

[0092] Example 10

[0093] The polymetallic mineral beneficiation separation reagents prepared in Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 were used as pyrite flotation inhibitors and frothers for copper-sulfur flotation separation. The specific steps are as follows: the pH of the copper-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate slurry was adjusted to 9, and then the polymetallic mineral beneficiation separation reagent (dosage of 100g / t) was added and mixed evenly. Then, roughing, cleaning, and scavenging were carried out to obtain copper concentrate and sulfur-containing tailings.

[0094] According to the test results, after copper-sulfur flotation separation using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent obtained in Example 1, the copper grade in the obtained copper concentrate was 23.09%, and the copper recovery rate was 90.69%.

[0095] After copper-sulfur flotation separation using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent obtained in Example 2, the copper grade in the obtained copper concentrate was 24.01%, and the copper recovery rate was 91.06%.

[0096] After copper-sulfur flotation separation using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent obtained in Example 3, the copper grade in the obtained copper concentrate was 22.98%, and the copper recovery rate was 89.36%.

[0097] After copper-sulfur flotation separation using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent obtained in Example 4, the copper grade in the obtained copper concentrate was 23.68%, and the copper recovery rate was 91.23%.

[0098] Example 11

[0099] The polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagents prepared in Examples 1, 5, 6, and 7 were used as flotation depressants for lead-zinc flotation separation. The specific steps are as follows: The pH of the lead-zinc-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate was adjusted to 8, and then the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent (dosage of 100 g / t), lead collector (ethyl thiocyanate and butyl xanthate in a mass ratio of 1:1, dosage of 120 g / t) and frother (pine oil, dosage of 35 g / t) were added and mixed evenly. Then roughing, cleaning, and scavenging were carried out to obtain lead concentrate and zinc-sulfur tailings.

[0100] According to the test results, after using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent of Example 1 for lead-zinc flotation separation, the lead grade in the obtained lead concentrate was 23.58%, and the lead recovery rate was 80.27%.

[0101] After using the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent obtained in Example 5 for lead-zinc flotation separation, the lead grade in the obtained lead concentrate was 20.28%, and the lead recovery rate was 78.39%.

[0102] After using the multimetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagents described in Example 6 for lead-zinc flotation separation, the lead grade in the obtained lead concentrate was 21.36%, and the lead recovery rate was 79.95%.

[0103] After lead-zinc flotation separation using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent obtained in Example 7, the lead grade in the obtained lead concentrate was 23.98%, and the lead recovery rate was 81.87%.

[0104] Example 12

[0105] Gold ore was leached using the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagents prepared in Examples 1, 8, and 9, respectively. The specific steps are as follows: The raw gold ore was crushed, ground, and classified to obtain coarse-grained minerals with a particle size of +200 mesh and fine-grained minerals with a particle size of -200 mesh. The coarse-grained minerals were piled up to obtain coarse-grained mineral piles. The polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagents were used as leaching agents (dosage of 1000 g / t, leaching time of 24 h) to perform heap leaching on the coarse-grained mineral piles and whole-tank leaching on the fine-grained minerals.

[0106] According to the test results, after leaching gold ore using the multi-metallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent described in Example 1, the leaching rate of coarse-grained minerals was 97.68%, and the leaching rate of fine-grained minerals was 96.32%.

[0107] After leaching gold ore using the multimetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent described in Example 8, the leaching rate of coarse-grained minerals was 98.57%, and the leaching rate of fine-grained minerals was 95.64%.

[0108] After leaching gold ore using the multimetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent described in Example 9, the leaching rate of coarse-grained minerals was 98.61%, and the leaching rate of fine-grained minerals was 96.38%.

[0109] Comparative Example 1

[0110] The polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent provided in this comparative example is the first intermediate obtained in step (1) of Example 1.

[0111] Following the method of Example 10, copper-sulfur flotation separation was performed using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent of this comparative example. The copper grade in the copper concentrate obtained in this comparative example was 20.18%, and the copper recovery rate was 85.69%.

[0112] Following the method of Example 11, lead-zinc flotation separation was performed using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent of this comparative example. The results showed that the lead content in the copper concentrate obtained in this comparative example was 18.69%, and the lead recovery rate was 76.39%.

[0113] Following the method of Example 12, gold ore was leached using the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent of this comparative example. The leaching rate of coarse-grained minerals in this comparative example was 95.12%, and the leaching rate of fine-grained minerals was 94.32%.

[0114] Comparative Example 2

[0115] The polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent provided in this comparative example is the second intermediate obtained in step (2) of Example 1.

[0116] Following the method of Example 10, copper-sulfur flotation separation was performed using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent of this comparative example. The copper grade in the copper concentrate obtained in this comparative example was 24.12%, and the copper recovery rate was 92.36%.

[0117] Following the method of Example 11, lead-zinc flotation separation was performed using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent of this comparative example. The results showed that the lead content in the copper concentrate obtained in this comparative example was 22.91%, and the lead recovery rate was 81.35%.

[0118] Following the method of Example 12, gold ore was leached using the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent of this comparative example. The leaching rate of coarse-grained minerals in this comparative example was 96.69%, and the leaching rate of fine-grained minerals was 95.39%.

[0119] Comparative Example 3

[0120] The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent provided in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that in step (3), the mass ratio of the first intermediate and the second intermediate is replaced with 5:1.

[0121] Following the method of Example 10, copper-sulfur flotation separation was performed using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent of this comparative example. The copper grade in the copper concentrate obtained in this comparative example was 21.98%, and the copper recovery rate was 82.36%.

[0122] Following the method of Example 11, lead-zinc flotation separation was performed using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent of this comparative example. The analysis showed that the lead grade in the copper concentrate obtained in this comparative example was 20.69%, and the lead recovery rate was 78.69%.

[0123] Following the method of Example 12, gold ore was leached using the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent of this comparative example. The leaching rate of coarse-grained minerals in this comparative example was 93.39%, and the leaching rate of fine-grained minerals was 94.26%.

[0124] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with specific embodiments, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; therefore, this means that all such substitutions and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention are included in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (a) A nitrogen-containing compound, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate are mixed and heated to carry out a first catalytic reaction to obtain a first intermediate; wherein the nitrogen-containing compound includes at least one of urea, biuret, and ammonium carbamate; in step (a), the catalyst used in the first catalytic reaction includes at least one of Pt / TiO2 catalyst, Ru / TiO2 catalyst, and Rh / TiO2 catalyst. (b) A second catalytic reaction is carried out on a mixture of cyanamide compounds and sodium hydroxide under a chlorine atmosphere to obtain a second intermediate; wherein the cyanamide compounds include at least one of cyanamide, sodium dicyandiamide and calcium cyanamide. (c) The first intermediate and the second intermediate are mixed to obtain the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent.

2. The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (a), at least one of the following conditions must be met: (1) The mass ratio of the N-containing compound, the sodium hydroxide, and the sodium carbonate is 35~59:40~45:1~5; (2) The heating includes: reacting at room temperature for 1-2 hours under vacuum conditions, and then reacting at 100-200℃ for 1-3 hours.

3. The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (b), the mass ratio of the cyanamide compound to the sodium hydroxide is 5~7:1~2.

4. The preparation method of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (c), the mass ratio of the first intermediate to the second intermediate is 1~5:6~9.

5. A polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 4 for the preparation of polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent.

6. The application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent as described in claim 5 in copper-sulfur flotation separation.

7. The application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent according to claim 6 in copper-sulfur flotation separation, characterized in that, The method for copper-sulfur flotation separation includes the following steps: using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent as a pyrite flotation inhibitor and frother, mixing the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent with copper-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate slurry, and then performing roughing, cleaning and scavenging to obtain copper concentrate and sulfur-containing tailings.

8. The application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent as described in claim 5 in lead-zinc flotation separation.

9. The application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation reagent according to claim 8 in lead-zinc flotation separation, characterized in that, The lead-zinc flotation separation method includes the following steps: using the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent as a flotation inhibitor, mixing the polymetallic ore beneficiation separation reagent with lead-zinc-sulfur mixed flotation concentrate, lead collector and frother, and then performing roughing, cleaning and scavenging to obtain lead concentrate and zinc-sulfur tailings.

10. The application of the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent as described in claim 5 in gold ore leaching; The gold ore leaching method includes the following steps: The gold ore is crushed, ground, and classified to obtain coarse-grained and fine-grained minerals; the coarse-grained minerals are piled up to obtain a coarse-grained mineral pile; the polymetallic ore beneficiation and separation agent is used as a leaching agent to perform heap leaching on the coarse-grained mineral pile, and whole-pot leaching on the fine-grained minerals.