Symmetrical fixture device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder head

Abstract

The application provides a symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of a marine diesel engine cylinder cover, and belongs to the technical field of diesel engine clamping. The device comprises a horizontal placement clamping clamp for clamping and fixing of horizontally placed cylinder covers and a vertical placement clamping clamp for clamping and fixing of vertically placed cylinder covers. The horizontal placement clamping clamp comprises a horizontal placement clamp base, a horizontal placement middle support body is vertically arranged at the middle of the upper portion of the horizontal placement clamp base, and horizontal placement positioning and fixing assemblies for symmetrical horizontal clamping of two cylinder covers are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the horizontal placement middle support body. The vertical placement clamping clamp comprises a vertical placement clamp base, a vertical placement middle support body is vertically arranged at the middle of the upper portion of the vertical placement clamp base, and vertical placement positioning and fixing assemblies for symmetrical vertical clamping of two cylinder covers are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides of the vertical placement middle support body. The application meets the needs of industrial automatic production, realizes quick and convenient clamping of the marine diesel engine cylinder cover, and guarantees the stability of batch clamping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of diesel engine clamping technology, specifically relating to a symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of industrial automation, the machining precision and production efficiency of marine diesel engine cylinder heads are getting higher and higher. In order to improve the automation production rate of marine diesel engine cylinder heads, establishing an automated production line for marine diesel engine cylinder heads is a trend in the development of industrial automation. In order to ensure the efficient operation of the automated production line, fixtures are needed throughout the entire machining process of cylinder heads to provide stable clamping force, consistent machining datum, and meet the requirements of rapid assembly and disassembly of large cylinder heads.

[0003] Due to the limitations of the size and weight of marine diesel engine cylinder heads, the traditional processing flow of marine diesel engine cylinder heads is long, the processing elements are scattered, there are many types of tooling, and the processing reference changes many times. In addition, the traditional fixtures can only clamp a small number of items at a time, and the clamping method is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0004] Marine diesel engine cylinder heads are large in size, with shapes mostly being quadrilaterals or polygons. The main machining elements and challenges lie in the hole system. Therefore, to balance the cylinder head's shape characteristics and machining difficulties, the traditional machining method is to use a "horizontal" cylinder head (e.g., ...). Figure 6-7 (as shown) and "vertical" (such as) Figure 8-9 As shown, the two postures are combined and interspersed, with many clamping operations and frequent reference conversions.

[0005] Disadvantages of horizontal cylinder head machining:

[0006] 1. The perpendicularity between the tooling and the machine tool spindle depends on the operator aligning the two alignment blocks 4 on the tooling.

[0007] 2. The machining accuracy of the cylinder head's four sides depends on the manufacturing accuracy of the two alignment blocks 4 and the two pins, namely the horizontal diamond pin 6 and the horizontal cylindrical pin 7, on the tooling.

[0008] 3. The cylinder head clamping stability depends on the four top pressure plates 5, but in the horizontal position, the suspension height of the clamping bolts and support bolts is too high, which weakens the overall clamping stability of the fixture.

[0009] 4. The horizontal clamping body 3 is connected to the machine tool worktable by T-bolts. The force direction of the clamping body and the clamping bolt are perpendicular and opposite, and they weaken each other, which is not conducive to the clamping stability required during the processing.

[0010] Disadvantages of vertical cylinder head machining:

[0011] 1. In order to machine the two sides of the cylinder head, the cylinder head needs to be raised. Therefore, the cylinder head needs to be lifted stably during installation so that the two vertical cylindrical pins 11 and vertical diamond pins 12 can be inserted into the reference holes on the cylinder head. However, the cylinder head cavity is complex and heavy, and the center of gravity is not easy to determine, so the installation is time-consuming and laborious.

[0012] 2. The cylinder head is suspended and side-mounted, and is pressed by a vertical fixing plate 10. To prevent the cylinder head from sinking at the far end (i.e. the side away from the locating pin) when it is suspended, two floating supports 13 are arranged. However, the adjustment accuracy of the floating supports 13 depends on the operator's skill level, which can easily cause the cylinder head to twist and deform in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0013] 3. The vertical clamp body 8 and the backing iron 9 are connected by T-bolts. Under the force of the cylinder head clamping bolts and T-bolts, the vertical clamp body 8 is prone to fatigue stress, thus losing its own strength and precision.

[0014] 4. The iron plate 9 is connected to the machine tool worktable by T-bolts. During the cylinder head machining process, it is subjected to cutting forces, and the iron plate tends to tilt backward, which is not conducive to the clamping stability of the fixture.

[0015] In summary, the disadvantages of traditional machining methods are: high frequency of roughing and finishing transitions, with machining accuracy being eroded by clamping accuracy; the cylinder head suspension clamping method is difficult to operate; the accuracy of floating supports is difficult to guarantee; and traditional machining methods are not conducive to the requirements of mass production and automation of cylinder heads. Therefore, it is necessary to propose improvements. Summary of the Invention

[0016] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads. The purpose of this invention is to design a clamping device for marine diesel engine cylinder heads to meet the needs of industrial automated production, realize the need for quick and convenient clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads, and ensure the stability of batch clamping.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0018] A symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads includes a horizontal clamping fixture for clamping and fixing the cylinder head in a horizontal position and a vertical clamping fixture for clamping and fixing the cylinder head in a vertical position.

[0019] The horizontal clamping fixture includes a horizontal clamping fixture base, a horizontal intermediate support body is vertically provided in the middle of the upper part of the horizontal clamping fixture base, and horizontal positioning and fixing components for symmetrical horizontal clamping of two cylinder heads at the same time are symmetrically provided on the opposite two sides of the horizontal intermediate support body.

[0020] The vertical clamping fixture includes a vertical clamping fixture base, a vertical intermediate support body is vertically provided in the middle of the upper part of the vertical clamping fixture base, and vertical positioning and fixing components for simultaneously and symmetrically clamping two cylinder heads are symmetrically provided on opposite sides of the vertical intermediate support body.

[0021] Both the horizontal and vertical positioning and fixing components are positioned and fixed using a face, pin, and lower support positioning and clamping structure.

[0022] Each set of horizontal positioning and fixing components includes a horizontal positioning plate, a horizontal positioning pin, a horizontal support plate, and a quick-change clamping assembly. Multiple horizontal positioning plates are evenly distributed on the corresponding sides of the horizontal intermediate support body and are used to position the cylinder head's stop face. Two horizontal positioning pins are fixed to two horizontally aligned horizontal positioning plates and are used to mate with the inner side of the cylinder head's stop face for positioning. The horizontal support plate is fixed to the horizontal clamp base and is used to support the cylinder head from below. The quick-change clamping assembly is arranged on the corresponding sides of the horizontal intermediate support body according to the position and number of bolt holes on the cylinder head. The quick-change clamping assembly engages with the bolt holes on the cylinder head to clamp the cylinder head.

[0023] Furthermore, the quick-change clamping assembly includes a quick-change connecting rod, a quick-change bolt, a quick-change limiting pin, a quick-change washer, and a quick-change nut. The quick-change connecting rod is fixed on the horizontally placed intermediate support body. The quick-change connecting rod has a connecting hole in the middle and a limiting groove on one side of the connecting hole. One end of the quick-change bolt has a quick-change limiting pin for fitting and engaging with the limiting groove. The quick-change washer and quick-change nut are fitted onto the other end of the quick-change bolt.

[0024] Furthermore, the quick-change clamping assembly adopts a standard pressure plate structure.

[0025] The vertical positioning and fixing assembly includes a vertical positioning plate, a vertical limiting block, a vertical pressure plate assembly, and a vertical support plate. Multiple vertical positioning plates are evenly distributed on the corresponding sides of the vertical intermediate support and are used to position the bottom surface of the cylinder head opposite to the stop end face. The vertical limiting block is positioned on one side of the corresponding side of the vertical intermediate support and positions one side of the bottom surface of the cylinder head. The vertical support plate is fixed to the vertical clamp base and is used to support the cylinder head from below. Multiple sets of vertical pressure plate assemblies are evenly distributed on the corresponding sides of the vertical intermediate support and are used to press the cylinder head tightly.

[0026] Furthermore, the vertical pressure plate assembly adopts a standard pressure plate structure.

[0027] Advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies:

[0028] 1. This solution focuses on the machining of marine diesel engines, concentrating its machining elements and determining the clamping posture of parts during the machining process. It designs both horizontal and vertical clamping fixtures. Both clamping methods can meet the requirement of machining three sides of the cylinder head in a single clamping operation. Furthermore, each fixture symmetrically installs two cylinder heads, improving the machining cycle time. The symmetrical design of the workstations also contributes to the overall stability of the fixture. Both clamping methods utilize an improved "one-sided, two-pin" positioning system, which reduces the technical requirements for lifting and installing parts. The stable table support system fundamentally eliminates the problem of parts turning or tilting during suspension positioning, reducing clamping difficulty and improving part clamping quality. This fixture device meets the requirements of industrial automated production, improves part clamping accuracy, and reduces part clamping difficulty.

[0029] 2. This solution simplifies the clamping process and reduces the amount of clamping work: The design features a quick-change clamping component. In actual use, workers only need to loosen the nut a few turns to pull the limit pin out of the notch on the connecting rod along with the bolt. When clamping, the operation is reversed. It is convenient, quick, and easy, reducing workload and improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a front view of the horizontally placed clamping fixture in this invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a left view of the structure of the horizontally placed clamping fixture in this invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-change clamping assembly in this invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a front view of the vertical clamping fixture in this invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a left view of the vertical clamping fixture in this invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a front view of the structure of a horizontal machining fixture in the prior art;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a top view of the structure of a horizontal machining fixture in the prior art;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a front view of the structure of a vertical machining fixture in the prior art;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a left view of the structure of a vertical machining fixture in the prior art. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0041] Please see Figure 1-9 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0042] Example: A symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads, including a horizontal clamping clamp 1 for horizontally placing and clamping the cylinder head and a vertical clamping clamp 2 for vertically placing and clamping the cylinder head.

[0043] See Figure 1-2 As shown, the horizontal clamping fixture 1 includes a horizontal clamping fixture base 1-1, and a horizontal intermediate support body 1-2 is vertically provided in the middle of the upper part of the horizontal clamping fixture base 1-1. The horizontal positioning and fixing components 1-3 for symmetrical horizontal clamping of two cylinder heads are symmetrically provided on opposite sides of the horizontal intermediate support body 1-2.

[0044] See Figure 4-5 As shown, the vertical clamping fixture 2 includes a vertical clamping fixture base 2-1, and a vertical intermediate support body 2-2 is vertically provided in the middle of the upper part of the vertical clamping fixture base 2-1. The vertical intermediate support body 2-2 is symmetrically provided on the opposite two sides for vertically clamping two cylinder heads simultaneously in a symmetrical manner.

[0045] Both the horizontal positioning and fixing components 1-3 and the vertical positioning and fixing components 2-3 adopt a face, pin, and lower support positioning and clamping structure to achieve positioning and fixing.

[0046] In one specific implementation: See Figure 1-2As shown, each set of horizontal positioning and fixing components 1-3 includes a horizontal positioning plate 1-3-1, a horizontal positioning pin 1-3-2, a horizontal support plate 1-3-3, and a quick-change clamping component 1-3-4. The horizontal positioning plates 1-3-1 are provided with 6 pins evenly distributed around the circumference of the corresponding sides of the horizontal intermediate support 1-2 and are used to position the end face of the cylinder head's stop. The horizontal positioning pins 1-3-2 are provided with 2 pins fixed to the two horizontally aligned horizontal positioning plates 1-3-1 and are used to fit and position the cylinder head's stop inside. The horizontal support plates 1-3-3 are provided with 2 pins fixed to the horizontal clamp base 1-1 and are used to support the cylinder head from below. The quick-change clamping components 1-3-4 are provided with 4 sets according to the position and number of bolt holes on the cylinder head and are arranged on the corresponding sides of the horizontal intermediate support 1-2. The quick-change clamping components 1-3-4 engage with the bolt holes on the cylinder head to clamp the cylinder head.

[0047] Preferred options, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the quick-change clamping assembly 1-3-4 includes a quick-change connecting rod 1-3-4-1, a quick-change bolt 1-3-4-2, a quick-change limiting pin 1-3-4-3, a quick-change washer 1-3-4-5, and a quick-change nut 1-3-4-6. The quick-change connecting rod 1-3-4-1 is fixed on the horizontally placed intermediate support 1-2. The quick-change connecting rod 1-3-4-1 has a connecting hole in the middle, and a limiting groove 1-3-4-4 is provided on one side of the connecting hole. One end of the quick-change bolt 1-3-4-2 is provided with a quick-change limiting pin 1-3-4-3 for fitting and engaging with the limiting groove 1-3-4-4. The quick-change washer 1-3-4-5 and the quick-change nut 1-3-4-6 are fitted onto the other end of the quick-change bolt 1-3-4-2.

[0048] Alternatively, the quick-change clamping assembly 1-3-4 can also be a standard pressure plate structure.

[0049] In one specific implementation: See Figure 4-5 As shown, the vertical positioning and fixing assembly 2-3 includes a vertical positioning plate 2-3-1, a vertical limiting block 2-3-2, a vertical pressure plate assembly 2-3-3, and a vertical support plate 2-3-4. The vertical positioning plate 2-3-1 has four pieces and is evenly distributed on the corresponding sides of the vertical intermediate support 2-2, and is used to position the bottom surface of the cylinder head opposite to the stop end face. The vertical limiting block 2-3-2 is set on one side of the corresponding side of the vertical intermediate support 2-2 to position one side of the bottom surface of the cylinder head. The vertical support plate 2-3-4 has two pieces and is fixed on the vertical clamp base 2-1, and is used to support the cylinder head from below. The vertical pressure plate assembly 2-3-3 has multiple sets and is evenly distributed on the corresponding sides of the vertical intermediate support 2-2, and is used to press the cylinder head tightly.

[0050] Preferably, the vertical pressure plate assembly 2-3-3 adopts a standard pressure plate structure.

[0051] This clamping device integrates basic mechanical clamping, positioning, and connection structures to design a novel clamping solution for the rapid assembly and disassembly of marine diesel engine cylinder heads, ensuring stable clamping while meeting the requirements of industrial automation production. Firstly, it centralizes processing elements, reducing the number of times parts need to be assembled and disassembled; secondly, it changes the part's suspension type to a stable support type, reducing the difficulty of clamping; and finally, it optimizes the excessively long clamping method, improving the stability of part clamping. Specifically, the advantages of this clamping device are:

[0052] 1. Focus on machining elements and determine the clamping posture of the parts during machining.

[0053] Since marine diesel engine cylinder heads are mostly regular polygonal structures, the main machining elements are mainly hole systems. Therefore, the machining elements are classified according to the functionality of the hole system and the correlation between the hole systems. Related elements are arranged in one process as much as possible to avoid repeated positioning errors caused by changing tooling or machine tools.

[0054] 2. Optimize the "one side, two pins" clamping method to reduce clamping difficulty.

[0055] After integrating and classifying the machining elements of the parts, the clamping posture of the cylinder head is determined, adopting two machining postures: horizontal and vertical. Figure 1-5 As shown.

[0056] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the cylinder head is placed laterally on the horizontal clamping fixture 1. One side of the cylinder head is placed on the horizontal support plate 1-3-3, thus restricting the Y-axis and rotation. The inner side of the cylinder head stop is restricted in the X-axis by two horizontal locating pins 1-3-2, and the stop surface rests against the horizontal locating plate 1-3-1, restricting the Z-axis and rotation. All six degrees of freedom are fully restricted, and the position of the cylinder head is fixed. It is clamped through the four bolt holes on the cylinder head, shortening the length of the clamping bolts. The bolt connection is designed as a quick-change structure to shorten the operator's operation time. In this clamping state, the hole system machining on the three sides of the cylinder head can be completed in one clamping operation by rotating the machine tool worktable. Two clamping stations can be arranged on the table to improve the machining cycle.

[0057] like Figure 4-5As shown, the cylinder head is placed vertically on the vertical clamping fixture 2. One side of the cylinder head is placed on the vertical support plate 2-3-4, thus restricting the Y-axis and rotation. The outer side is restricted in the X-axis by the vertical limiting block 2-3-2, and the large surface rests against the vertical positioning plate 2-3-1, restricting the Z-axis and rotation. All six degrees of freedom are fully restricted, and the position of the cylinder head is fixed. Taking advantage of the structural characteristics of the cylinder head, corresponding clamping devices are arranged at the positions of the four positioning plates. Because this clamping method significantly shortens the clamping distance, standard clamping plates can be used, reducing the manufacturing cost of the fixture and shortening the operation time. The remaining three sides are processed in this clamping state. Two clamping stations can be arranged on the table to improve the processing cycle.

[0058] Both clamping methods described above can meet the requirement of machining three sides of the cylinder head in a single clamping operation. Furthermore, each fixture symmetrically mounts two cylinder heads, improving the machining cycle time. The symmetrical design of the workstations also enhances the overall stability of the fixture. Both clamping methods utilize an improved "one-sided, two-pin" positioning system, requiring less technical skill in lifting and installing parts. The stable table support system fundamentally eliminates the problem of parts turning or tilting during suspension positioning, thus improving the clamping quality.

[0059] 3. Simplify the clamping process and reduce the amount of clamping work.

[0060] Design quick-change clamping components to reduce workload and improve work efficiency. For example... Figure 3 As shown, in actual use, workers only need to loosen the quick-change nut a few turns to pull the limit pin out from the notch of the quick-change connecting rod along with the quick-change bolt. When tightening, the operation is reversed, which is convenient, labor-saving, and quick.

[0061] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads, characterized in that: It includes a horizontal clamping fixture (1) for clamping and fixing the cylinder head in a horizontal position and a vertical clamping fixture (2) for clamping and fixing the cylinder head in a vertical position. The horizontal clamping fixture (1) includes a horizontal clamping fixture base (1-1), and a horizontal intermediate support body (1-2) is vertically provided in the middle of the upper part of the horizontal clamping fixture base (1-1). The horizontal intermediate support body (1-2) is provided with horizontal positioning and fixing components (1-3) on opposite sides for symmetrical horizontal clamping of two cylinder heads at the same time. The vertical clamping fixture (2) includes a vertical clamping fixture base (2-1), and a vertical intermediate support body (2-2) is vertically provided in the middle of the upper part of the vertical clamping fixture base (2-1). The vertical intermediate support body (2-2) is provided with vertical positioning and fixing components (2-3) on opposite sides for symmetrical vertical clamping of two cylinder heads at the same time. Both the horizontal positioning and fixing components (1-3) and the vertical positioning and fixing components (2-3) adopt a face, pin, and lower support positioning and clamping structure to achieve positioning and fixing; Each set of horizontal positioning and fixing components (1-3) includes a horizontal positioning plate (1-3-1), a horizontal positioning pin (1-3-2), a horizontal support plate (1-3-3), and a quick-change clamping assembly (1-3-4); the horizontal positioning plate (1-3-1) has multiple plates evenly distributed on the corresponding sides of the horizontal intermediate support (1-2) and is used to position the stop end face of the cylinder head; the horizontal positioning pin (1-3-2) has two pins and is fixed at two horizontally aligned points. The horizontal positioning plate (1-3-1) is used to match the inner side of the cylinder head stop for positioning. The horizontal support plate (1-3-3) is fixed on the horizontal clamp base (1-1) and used to support the cylinder head from below. The quick-change clamping assembly (1-3-4) is arranged on the corresponding side of the horizontal intermediate support (1-2) according to the position and number of bolt holes on the cylinder head. The quick-change clamping assembly (1-3-4) is combined with the bolt holes on the cylinder head to clamp the cylinder head. The vertical positioning and fixing assembly (2-3) includes a vertical positioning plate (2-3-1), a vertical limiting block (2-3-2), a vertical pressure plate assembly (2-3-3), and a vertical support plate (2-3-4). The vertical positioning plate (2-3-1) is provided with multiple plates evenly distributed on the corresponding sides of the vertical intermediate support body (2-2) and is used to position the bottom surface of the cylinder head opposite to the end face of the stop. The vertical limiting block (2-3-2) is set on one side of the corresponding side of the vertical intermediate support body (2-2) to position one side of the bottom surface of the cylinder head. The vertical support plate (2-3-4) is fixed on the vertical clamp base (2-1) and is used to support the cylinder head from below.

2. The symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-change clamping assembly (1-3-4) includes a quick-change connecting rod (1-3-4-1), a quick-change bolt (1-3-4-2), a quick-change limiting pin (1-3-4-3), a quick-change washer (1-3-4-5), and a quick-change nut (1-3-4-6). The quick-change connecting rod (1-3-4-1) is fixed on the horizontally placed intermediate support (1-2). The quick-change connecting rod (1-3-4-1) has a connecting hole in the middle, and a limiting groove (1-3-4-4) is provided on one side of the connecting hole. One end of the quick-change bolt (1-3-4-2) is provided with a quick-change limiting pin (1-3-4-3) for matching and engaging with the limiting groove (1-3-4-4). The quick-change washer (1-3-4-5) and the quick-change nut (1-3-4-6) are adapted to the other end of the quick-change bolt (1-3-4-2).

3. The symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads according to claim 2, characterized in that: The quick-change clamping assembly (1-3-4) adopts a standard pressure plate structure.

4. The symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical pressure plate assembly (2-3-3) has multiple sets and is evenly distributed on the corresponding sides of the vertical intermediate support (2-2) and is used to press the cylinder head.

5. The symmetrical clamping device for quick clamping of marine diesel engine cylinder heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical pressure plate assembly (2-3-3) adopts a standard pressure plate structure.

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