A method for preventing and treating wolfberry root rot

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preventing and treating wolfberry root rot, and belongs to the technical field of crop disease prevention and treatment. The method comprises the following steps: spraying Fushuaid and Yizaotong in the spring shoot growth period, and applying Fushuaid, Yizaotong and Haiyougen to the roots; spraying Fushuaid and Yizaotong again in the late fruit expansion period and the end of harvest. The invention selects specific medicines and fertilizers according to the pathogenesis of wolfberry root rot and adopts the prevention and treatment measures of "three sprays and one irrigation", which effectively reduces the incidence of wolfberry root rot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop disease prevention and control, and in particular relates to a method for preventing and controlling wolfberry root rot. Background Art

[0002] As a plant with important economic and medicinal value, wolfberry is widely cultivated. However, wolfberry is susceptible to a variety of diseases during its growth, among which wolfberry root rot is a serious and common disease.

[0003] Wolfberry root rot is mainly caused by a variety of pathogens, such as Fusarium and Pythium. This disease usually occurs when the soil is moist, air permeable and the plant is weak. Once wolfberry plants are infected with root rot, the roots will gradually rot, affecting the absorption and transportation of water and nutrients, causing the leaves of the above-ground parts of the plants to turn yellow, wither, and stagnate. In severe cases, the entire plant dies, causing huge economic losses to wolfberry growers.

[0004] In current agricultural production, there are still many shortcomings in the prevention and control methods for wolfberry root rot. Although traditional chemical control methods can control the spread of diseases to a certain extent, the long-term use of chemical pesticides can easily lead to drug resistance in pathogens, and will also have adverse effects on the environment and human health. Moreover, the use of chemical pesticides often cannot fundamentally solve the problem, and may also destroy the ecological balance of the soil and affect the quality and safety of wolfberries. As an emerging prevention and control method, although biological control has the advantages of environmental protection and sustainability, the current related biological control products are unstable and have a limited scope of application. In addition, agricultural prevention and control measures such as reasonable planting density and crop rotation system can reduce the risk of disease occurrence to a certain extent, but for root rot that has already occurred, their prevention and control effects are often not ideal.

[0005] In summary, the existing methods for preventing and controlling wolfberry root rot have many problems and are difficult to meet the needs of the healthy development of the wolfberry industry. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and urgency to develop an efficient, environmentally friendly and sustainable method for preventing and controlling wolfberry root rot. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing and controlling wolfberry root rot. According to the pathogenesis of wolfberry root rot, a "three sprays and one irrigation" prevention and control measure is adopted to effectively reduce the incidence of wolfberry root rot.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for preventing and controlling wolfberry root rot comprises the following steps: spraying Fushuaid and Yizaotong during the spring shoot growth period, and applying Fushuaid, Yizaotong and Haiyougen to the roots; and spraying Fushuaid and Yizaotong again during the late fruit expansion period and the end of harvesting.

[0009] Preferably, during the spring shoot growth period, Fushuaid is diluted 1000-1250 times and Yizaotong is diluted 750-1000 times, and they are sprayed on the branches and leaves of the tree until water drops fall.

[0010] Preferably, during the spring shoot growth period, 30-60 mL / plant of Fushuaide, 50-80 mL / plant of Yizaotong and 40-60 mL / plant of Haiyougen are applied to the roots.

[0011] More preferably, the root fertilization includes setting 4-8 fertilization points with the wolfberry tree trunk as the center and the tree crown as the circumference, and each fertilization point is diluted with ≥0.75kg of water for root irrigation.

[0012] Preferably, the spraying is performed in the late stage of fruit expansion, specifically 15 days before wolfberry picking.

[0013] More preferably, in the later stage of fruit expansion, Fushuaide is diluted 1000-1250 times and Yizaotong is diluted 750-1000 times, and they are sprayed on the branches and leaves of the tree with water droplets dripping.

[0014] Preferably, the end of harvest is spraying within 10 days after the end of wolfberry harvest.

[0015] More preferably, at the end of the harvest, Fushuaide is diluted 1000-1250 times and Yizaotong is diluted 750-1000 times, and they are sprayed on the branches and leaves of the trees until water drops fall.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling wolfberry root rot. According to the incidence law of wolfberry root rot, specific medicines and fertilizers are screened out, and prevention and control measures of "three sprays and one irrigation" are adopted in the spring shoot growth period, the late fruit expansion period and the end of harvest, respectively, so as to effectively reduce the incidence of wolfberry root rot, achieve a prevention effect of more than 88%, and ensure the wolfberry yield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling wolfberry root rot, comprising the following steps: spraying Fushuaid and Yizaotong during the spring shoot growth period, and spraying Fushuaid, Yizaotong and Haiyougen on the roots; and spraying Fushuaid and Yizaotong again during the late fruit expansion period and the end of harvesting.

[0019] In the present invention, Fusaid is 500 g / L fluazinam, and the dosage form is a suspension. Yizaotong (registration certificate number: ZLSRZJ2022-00065; implementation standard: NY 2266-2012) technical indicators: Sargassum seaweed extract ≥ 500g / L, Ca content 100g / L, Mg content 20g / L, dosage form is an aqueous solution, specific gravity: 1.38. Haiyougen (registration certificate number: Agricultural Fertilizer (2018) Standard No. 12324) technical indicators: enzymatic seaweed extract ≥ 550g / L, free amino acids ≥ 100g / L, Ca content 20g / L, Mg content 10g / L, dosage form is an aqueous solution.

[0020] In the present invention, it is preferred that during the spring shoot growth period, Fusaid be diluted 1000-1250 times, further preferably 1125-1250 times, more preferably 1250 times, and Yizaotong be diluted 750-1000 times, further preferably 750-875 times, more preferably 750 times, and sprayed onto the branches and leaves of the tree to drip water.

[0021] In the present invention, during the spring shoot growth period, the root application amount of Fushuaide is preferably 30-60 mL / plant, further preferably 30-45 mL / plant, more preferably 30 mL / plant; Yizaotong is 50-80 mL / plant, further preferably 50-65 mL / plant, more preferably 50 mL / plant; Haiyougen is 40-60 mL / plant, further preferably 40-50 mL / plant, more preferably 40 mL / plant.

[0022] In the present invention, root application is preferably performed with the wolfberry trunk as the center and the crown as the circumference, with 4-8 fertilization points being set up, and more preferably with 6 fertilization points. Each fertilization point is diluted with ≥0.75kg of water for root irrigation, and more preferably ≥1kg, to ensure that the drug solution contacts the root part of the wolfberry tree to achieve the drug effect.

[0023] In the present invention, the fruit is preferably sprayed in the late stage of expansion, specifically 15 days before wolfberry picking. Fusaid is preferably diluted 1000-1250 times, further preferably 1125-1250 times, more preferably 1250 times; Yizaotong is diluted 750-1000 times, further preferably 750-875 times, more preferably 750 times, and sprayed until water drops from the branches and leaves of the tree. The harvesting end period is preferably sprayed again within 10 days after the wolfberry harvesting ends.

[0024] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A method for preventing and treating wolfberry root rot comprises the following steps:

[0027] (1) Spring shoot growth period: spray the leaves with 1250 times of Fushuaid + 750 times of Yizaotong once. The spraying amount is determined by the size of the tree crown. Ensure that the spraying is evenly applied to the branches and leaves of the tree, with water droplets falling. At the same time, irrigate the roots of each tree with 30ml of Fushuaid + 50ml of Yizaotong + 40ml of Haiyougen. Use a fertilizer gun to irrigate the roots. Apply 6 points with the trunk as the center and the crown as the circumference. Apply at least 1kg of water at each point to ensure that the liquid medicine contacts the root part of the tree to achieve the drug effect.

[0028] (2) Late stage of fruit expansion: 15 days before wolfberry picking, spray the leaves with 1250 times of Fushuaid and 750 times of Yizaotong. The amount of spraying is determined according to the size of the tree crown. Ensure that the spraying is evenly distributed on the branches and leaves of the tree, and water drops are appropriate.

[0029] (3) End of harvest: Within 10 days after the end of harvest, spray the leaves with 1250 times diluted Fushuaid + 750 times diluted Yizaotong once. The amount of spraying is determined by the size of the tree crown and the amount of water sprayed. Ensure that the branches and leaves of the tree are sprayed evenly and water droplets fall.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] A method for preventing and treating wolfberry root rot comprises the following steps:

[0032] (1) Spring shoot growth period: spray 1000 times diluted Fushuaid + 1000 times diluted Yizaotong on the leaves once. The spraying amount is determined by the size of the tree crown. Ensure that the spraying is evenly applied to the branches and leaves of the tree, with water droplets falling. At the same time, irrigate the roots of each tree with 60ml of Fushuaid + 80ml of Yizaotong + 60ml of Haiyougen. Use a fertilizer gun to irrigate the roots. Apply 8 points with the trunk as the center and the crown as the circumference. Apply at least 0.75kg of water at each point to ensure that the liquid medicine contacts the root part of the tree to achieve the drug effect.

[0033] (2) Late stage of fruit expansion: 15 days before wolfberry picking, spray the leaves with 1000 times solution of Fushuaid + 1000 times solution of Yizaotong once. The spraying amount is determined according to the size of the tree crown. Ensure that the spraying is evenly distributed on the branches and leaves of the tree, and water drops are preferably seen;

[0034] (3) End of harvest: Within 10 days after the end of harvest, spray the leaves with 1000 times diluted Fushuaid + 1000 times diluted Yizaotong once. The amount of spraying is determined by the size of the tree crown and the amount of water sprayed. Ensure that the branches and leaves of the tree are sprayed evenly and water droplets fall.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] A method for preventing and treating wolfberry root rot comprises the following steps:

[0037] (1) Spring shoot growth period: spray 1200 times diluted Fushuaid + 875 times diluted Yizaotong on the leaves once. The spraying amount is determined by the size of the tree crown. Ensure that the spraying is evenly applied to the branches and leaves of the tree, with water droplets falling. At the same time, irrigate the roots of each tree with 45ml of Fushuaid + 65ml of Yizaotong + 50ml of Haiyougen. Use a fertilizer gun to irrigate the roots. Use 4 points with the trunk as the center and the crown as the circumference. Apply at least 1.5kg of water at each point to ensure that the liquid medicine contacts the root part of the tree to achieve the drug effect.

[0038] (2) Late stage of fruit expansion: 15 days before wolfberry picking, spray the leaves with 1125 times of Fushuaid + 875 times of Yizaotong. The amount of spraying is determined according to the size of the tree crown. Ensure that the spraying is evenly distributed on the branches and leaves of the tree, and it is best to have water droplets falling.

[0039] (3) End of harvest: Within 10 days after the end of harvest, spray the leaves with 1125 times diluted Fushuaid + 875 times diluted Yizaotong once. The amount of spraying is determined by the size of the tree crown and the amount of water sprayed. Ensure that the branches and leaves of the tree are sprayed evenly and water droplets fall.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] Effects of different pesticide application schemes on the incidence of wolfberry root rot

[0042] Materials and Methods

[0043] 1. Materials

[0044] 1.1 Test materials

[0045] The experiment was conducted at the wolfberry base in Jing'an Township, Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, Gansu Province, and the test variety was 'Ningqi No. 1'. In the test area, susceptible adult wolfberry trees and healthy adult wolfberry trees were selected as materials, and 80 trees were marked for each treatment, of which 50 healthy adult wolfberry trees were marked and 30 susceptible adult wolfberry trees were marked. They were divided into 5 levels according to the severity of the disease, namely Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ, and 6 trees were marked for each level for examination.

[0046] 1.2 Crop Targets

[0047] Wolfberry root rot.

[0048] 1.3 Test agents

[0049] Fusaid is packaged and produced by Zhejiang Ishihara Jinniu Chemical Co., Ltd.; Yizaotong is developed and produced by Zhejiang Ishihara Jinniu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Haiyougen is developed and produced by Zhejiang Ishihara Jinniu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0050] Qingkulike (pesticide registration number PD20151375), the active ingredient is 0.5% berberine, the dosage form is an aqueous solution, and it is produced by Weifang Aofeng Crop Disease Control Co., Ltd.

[0051] Genjibao (registration certificate number: Agricultural Fertilizer (2018) No. 12035), technical indicators: humic acid ≥ 30g / L, N+P2O5+K2O ≥ 200g / L, dosage form is aqueous solution, produced by Weifang Aofeng Crop Disease Control Co., Ltd.

[0052] Wofengsu (registration certificate number: Agricultural Fertilizer (2018) No. 12035), technical indicators: plant active glycopeptide ≥ 30g / L, humic acid ≥ 30g / L, N+P2O5+K2O ≥ 200g / L, dosage form is aqueous solution, produced by Weifang Aofeng Crop Disease Control Co., Ltd.

[0053] 2. Test methods

[0054] The above six different agents were selected alone or in combination for spraying three times and irrigation once on two types of wolfberry trees at different times. The spraying times were April 8, 2023 (spraying and irrigation were carried out on the same day), June 15, and October 20, respectively.

[0055] According to the different degrees of disease occurrence in wolfberry trees, wolfberry root rot is divided into five levels: Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ.

[0056] Level Ⅰ: Very few branches are infected and leaves fall off, but the growth is not affected;

[0057] Level II: The plant can continue to grow and less than 30% of the leaves fall off;

[0058] Level III: A small number of dead branches and 30%-60% fallen leaves;

[0059] Grade IV: Some branches die and more than 60% of the leaves fall off the plant;

[0060] Level V: The entire plant sheds leaves and dies.

[0061] The pesticide was sprayed and irrigated, and the wolfberry root rot grade was counted before each spraying and after the whole process of pesticide application. Before the pesticide was applied, six trees were selected and marked for each disease grade of the infected adult trees, and 50 trees were selected and marked for healthy adult trees for follow-up investigation.

[0062] 2.1 Demonstration design of wolfberry experiment

[0063] The experiment was designed with 5 treatments, 2 treatments with Ishihara Taurus formulations, 2 treatments with conventional formulations, and 1 blank control. The specific application scheme of the experiment is shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1 Different experimental treatments and application schemes

[0065]

[0066] Test results:

[0067] From the analysis in Table 3, the four treatments of applying Fusaid, Fusaid + Yizaotong, Qingkulike, Qingkulike + Wofengsu all have a preventive effect on root rot of susceptible adult trees, and also have a good preventive effect on healthy adult trees. The treatments with obvious preventive effects are treatment 2 (Fusaid + Yizaotong), treatment 1 (Fusaid), treatment 4 (Qingkulike + Wofengsu) and treatment 3 (Qingkulike), among which treatment 2 (Fusaid + Yizaotong) has the best preventive effect.

[0068] After three sprayings and one irrigation of treatment 2 (Fosaid + Yizaotong) on ​​susceptible adult wolfberry trees, the disease was effectively controlled, and 73.3% of the plants were in the lighter grades I and II (Table 3); the application of treatment 2 (Fosaid + Yizaotong) had a significant preventive effect on healthy adult trees, and only two healthy adult trees were slightly infected, and no dead plants appeared (Table 3). Therefore, treatment 2 (Fosaid + Yizaotong) has the best preventive and control effect on healthy and susceptible adult trees. After using only Fosaid, the proportion of plants with lighter grades I and II was 63.3%; the proportion of plants with lighter grades I and II after using Qingkulike + Wofengsu was 53.3%; the proportion of plants with lighter grades I and II after using Qingkulike alone was 43.3%; the proportion of plants with lighter grades I and II after the blank control was 36.6%.

[0069] Table 2 Pre-drug survey on April 7

[0070]

[0071] Table 3 The control effect of different pesticides on root rot after the investigation on April 20 next year

[0072]

[0073] The experimental study showed that the four treatments of applying Fusaid, Fusaid + Yizaotong, Qingkulike, Qingkulike + Wofengsu all had a preventive effect on susceptible adult trees, and had a good preventive effect on healthy adult trees. The preventive effect of treatment 2 on wolfberry root rot was 88.2%, the preventive effect of treatment 1 on wolfberry root rot was 82.3%, the preventive effect of treatment 4 on wolfberry root rot was 70.5%, and the preventive effect of treatment 3 on wolfberry root rot was 64.7%. Among them, treatment 2 (Fusaid + Yizaotong) had the best preventive and control effect on wolfberry root rot.

[0074] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and treating wolfberry root rot, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: During the spring shoot growth period, spray Fushuaid and Yizaotong, and apply Fushuaid, Yizaotong and Haiyougen to the roots; spray Fushuaid and Yizaotong again during the late fruit expansion period and the end of harvest; During the spring growth period, Fushuaid was diluted 1000-1250 times, and Yizaotong was diluted 750-1000 times, and sprayed on the branches and leaves of the tree with water drops; Fushuaid was applied at 30-60 mL / plant, Yizaotong at 50-80 mL / plant, and Haiyougen at 40-60 mL / plant; In the later stage of fruit expansion, Fushuaide is diluted 1000-1250 times, and Yizaotong is diluted 750-1000 times, and sprayed on the branches and leaves of the tree until water drops; At the end of the harvest, Fushuaide was diluted 1000-1250 times and Yizaotong was diluted 750-1000 times, and they were sprayed on the branches and leaves of the trees until water drops fell.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root fertilization includes setting 4-8 fertilization points with the wolfberry tree trunk as the center and the tree crown as the circumference, and each fertilization point is diluted with ≥0.75kg of water for root irrigation.

3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying is carried out in the later stage of fruit expansion, specifically 15 days before wolfberry picking.

4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of harvest period is specifically spraying within 10 days after the end of wolfberry harvest.

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