Insect egg collector and associated trapping method

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of insect egg collector and matching attracting method, through the structure such as insect egg collection barrel and flavor source barrel, simultaneously cooperate with its matching attracting method, significantly improve the attracting effect and insect egg collection efficiency of insect, have better promote insect aggregation, induce insect oviposition and the effect of high-efficiency collection insect egg, can more accurately target insect attraction and collection operation, for entomology research, pest control and the development of related ecological field have important significance and positive promoting effect;At the same time, it also provides a solid theoretical basis and technical means for subsequent insect resistance research, which is beneficial to more accurately obtain a large number of specific insect eggs, and provides sufficient experimental sample basis for carrying out resistance research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pest control technology, specifically, it relates to an insect egg collector and a matching attraction method. Background Technology

[0002] The description of the background art is merely a general description for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the content of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

[0003] Chemical pesticides have become an indispensable and important production material in modern agriculture. However, the unscientific and irrational use of pesticides can lead to outbreaks of pesticide resistance in pests, seriously affecting the safety of food and cash crops. Pesticide resistance is a potential, powerful, and widespread natural phenomenon, and human activities largely influence and control the speed and severity of its development. Since the first discovery of resistance to lime sulfur in the American pear scale (Aspidiotus pemiciosus) in 1908, more than 600 species of pests and mites have been reported to have developed resistance, and the time required for resistance to develop is getting shorter and shorter. With the increase in the types and widespread use of insecticides, the number of insect species with resistance is constantly increasing, making resistance monitoring and control an urgent matter.

[0004] The prerequisite for pest resistance management is to clearly define the resistance level of target pests. Therefore, insect resistance research first requires establishing an accurate and easy-to-operate resistance monitoring and detection method to correctly understand the extent of resistance development and further study its resistance mechanisms. Through pest resistance monitoring, resistance levels and their distribution can be measured accurately and promptly, identifying key protected pesticide categories and varieties, providing an assessment of the overall control program's effectiveness, and offering a basis for revising resistance control strategies. Given that many current resistance countermeasures rely on early resistance detection, the research and development of resistance monitoring and detection technologies is particularly important. With the diversification of resistance monitoring and detection objectives, resistance monitoring methods and techniques are also developing in a diversified direction, such as biological detection methods, biochemical detection methods, and molecular biological detection methods. However, the most commonly used and direct resistance monitoring method at present remains the sensitivity-based bioassay method. Currently, there are four standard bioassay methods for pesticide resistance: immersion method, pesticide residue method or surface contact method, drop method, and feeding method. The choice of method depends on the characteristics and physicochemical properties of the pesticide, the damage characteristics of the pest, and other biological characteristics. Appropriate modifications can be made when necessary. However, regardless of the bioassay method used, a prerequisite is a large number of field test insects (F0 generation) or insects that have undergone one generation of rearing (F1 generation) collected from different regions.

[0005] Directly collecting insects in the field for pesticide resistance monitoring is the most accurate bioassay method. However, due to farmers' regular pest control efforts, it is very difficult to collect a sufficient number of test insects of uniform age and size (body length and weight). Therefore, in actual resistance monitoring, larvae and pupae of target pests of various ages are collected in the field and brought back to the laboratory for further breeding using host crops or artificial feed to obtain a large number of standard test insects of uniform age and size. This cycle generally takes at least 5-7 weeks.

[0006] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention urgently needs to design and develop a brand-new insect egg collector. Through the device, various pests can be successfully attracted into the device to lay eggs, and the egg masses can be collected to obtain test insects, which significantly improves the efficiency and timeliness of resistance monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an insect egg collector and a matching attraction method. The insect egg collector includes an egg-laying bucket and a scent source bucket. Different attractants (such as sugar-vinegar solution or plant-derived attractants) in the scent source bucket, combined with a light source (ordinary LED lamp or special insecticidal lamp), attract various pests to lay eggs in a specific device (egg-laying bucket). By collecting egg masses daily, a sufficient number of test insects can be obtained. Moreover, the time required to obtain a sufficient number of test insects by this method is only 1.5-2.5 weeks, which significantly improves the efficiency and timeliness of resistance monitoring.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following solution:

[0009] On one hand, the present invention provides an attractant, the attractant comprising any one or more combinations of sugar-vinegar solution, plant-derived attractant or synergist; the synergist comprising any one or more combinations of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, nonanal or 3-butenyl isothiocyanate.

[0010] Furthermore, the attractant is a combination of a plant-derived attractant and a synergist; the synergist is a combination of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and nonanal, or a combination of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate.

[0011] Furthermore, the plant-derived attractant and synergist are applied alternately.

[0012] Furthermore, the plant-derived attractant includes any one or more combinations of juices from corn, cabbage, taro, or asparagus.

[0013] Further, the mass ratio of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and nonanal is 1-3:0.5-1.5:2-6; the mass ratio of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate is 18-22:2-8:0.5-2.

[0014] In some implementation methods, comparative tests were conducted on the egg collection capabilities of different attractants. The experimental results showed that different attractants had different egg collection capabilities. When only a sugar-vinegar solution was used in combination with a single plant-derived attractant or synergist, the attraction effect on adults was poor, indicating that a single attractant was not attractive enough to adults. However, when a mixture of plant-derived attractant and synergist was used, the attraction effect on adults was enhanced compared to a single attractant, indicating that adding a sugar-vinegar solution and a suitable synergist has a certain synergistic effect on egg collection. The study found that alternating application of plant-derived attractants and synergists to the inner wall of a cylindrical tube enhanced adult insect attraction. This may be because alternating application creates localized high concentrations, conforming to the concentration-dependent characteristics of chemical signals, thus enhancing attraction, while the mixture dilutes the concentration, weakening the signal. Furthermore, the molecules in the mixture compete for binding sites; alternating application reduces this competition, allowing for more effective action. The synergist precisely enhances the attractant's odor, potentially creating more favorable synergistic conditions, making it easier for adults to perceive and improving attraction. Therefore, simply mixing attractants and synergists does not necessarily achieve optimal results. A deeper understanding and optimization of their combination and application strategies are needed to maximize adult attraction and egg collection. This is because insect perception and behavioral response mechanisms are highly complex, requiring comprehensive consideration of multiple factors and precise control and optimization to achieve the best attraction effect.

[0015] In some embodiments, further comparative tests were conducted on the egg-collecting abilities of different synergists for different insects. The experimental results showed that for the fall armyworm, when the attractant was a mixture of plant-derived attractant (fresh corn plant juice) and synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: nonanal (mass ratio) = 1:0.5:2, 10 mg / L), with a volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist of 1:2, both the attraction and egg-collecting abilities for the fall armyworm were maximized, with over 300 effective eggs collected daily. However, when 3-butenyl isothiocyanate was used instead of nonanal, the attraction ability of the attractant for the fall armyworm significantly decreased, and the egg-collecting ability also significantly decreased, with only about 110 effective eggs collected daily. This may be because the fall armyworm exhibits different sensitivities and tropisms to different chemical substances. Nononal or similar structural chemicals may have specific sites of action or signal transduction pathways in the olfactory perception mechanism of the fall armyworm, thus attracting it more effectively. However, 3-butenyl isothiocyanate may not bind well to the corresponding receptors in the fall armyworm or activate the corresponding neural signals, leading to a decrease in its attractiveness. Alternatively, the odor characteristics of 3-butenyl isothiocyanate may not match the odors associated with the fall armyworm's natural food sources or habitat, making it difficult for the fall armyworm to recognize it as favorable information, thereby reducing its attractiveness and ultimately significantly decreasing its egg collection ability. Furthermore, the attractant's ability to attract fall armyworms decreases when the proportions of the components in the synergist change. A good attractant ability for fall armyworms or other similar insects is achieved when the mass ratio of 3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal:nonanal is in the range of 1-3:0.5-1.5:2-6.

[0016] For the beet armyworm and the cotton bollworm, when the attractant was a mixture of plant-derived attractant (fresh asparagus juice) and synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10 mg / L), with a volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist of 1:2, the attraction and egg collection abilities for both beet armyworm and cotton bollworm were maximized, with daily effective egg collection exceeding 500 and 450 eggs, respectively. However, when nonanal replaced 3-butenyl isothiocyanate, the attraction ability of the attractant for both beet armyworm and cotton bollworm significantly decreased, and the egg collection ability also significantly decreased, with daily effective egg collection reduced to only about 150 eggs. This may be because nonanal and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate have different sites of action or signal transduction pathways in the olfactory perception mechanisms of beet armyworm and cotton bollworm. 3-Butenyl isothiocyanate and compounds with similar structural properties may bind more effectively to the corresponding receptors of beet armyworm and cotton bollworm or activate the corresponding neural signals, thereby enhancing their attractiveness to them. Nonanal, however, may not bind well to these receptors or activate the corresponding signals, resulting in a decreased attraction to beet armyworm and cotton bollworm. Furthermore, the attraction of the attractant to fall armyworm also decreases when the proportions of the components in the synergist change. A good attraction to beet armyworm and cotton bollworm or other similar insects is achieved when the mass ratio of 3-hexenyl acetate:trans-2-hexenal:nonanal is in the range of 18-22:2-8:0.5-2.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention provides an automatic insect egg collection device, including an insect egg collection bucket and a flavor source bucket, wherein the insect egg collection bucket and the flavor source bucket are combined into a detachable integrated structure for automatically attracting insects and automatically collecting insect eggs.

[0018] The insect egg collection bucket is used to automatically attract insects, collect insect egg masses, and allow insects to move freely.

[0019] The flavor source bucket is used to automatically attract insects and improve the ability to attract insects in the insect egg collection bucket;

[0020] The automatic egg collection device includes an attractant as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0021] In some embodiments, this invention provides a novel insect egg collector. Through the arrangement of an egg collection bucket (including a lid, an oviposition bucket, a cylindrical tube, etc.) and a scent source bucket, coupled with its accompanying attraction methods (such as using a combination of sugar-vinegar solution, plant-derived attractants, or synergists to emit scents to attract insects, and using insect-attracting light sources of specific intensities to attract insects and create suitable oviposition lighting conditions), it significantly improves the attraction effect on insects and the efficiency of egg collection. It better promotes insect aggregation, induces insect oviposition, and efficiently collects insect eggs. Simultaneously, it allows for more precise attraction and collection of target insects. This has significant implications and a positive driving force for entomological research, pest control, and the development of related ecological fields. Furthermore, it provides a solid theoretical foundation and technical means for subsequent research on insect resistance, facilitating the more precise acquisition of large quantities of specific insect eggs and providing a sufficient experimental sample base for resistance research.

[0022] Furthermore, the insect egg collection bucket is detachably fixed above the flavor source bucket, and the centers of the insect egg collection bucket and the flavor source bucket are on the same line, which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0023] Furthermore, the insect egg collection bucket includes a lid and an egg-laying bucket, with a cylindrical tube detachably fixed in the center of the egg-laying bucket; the lid and the egg-laying bucket are combined into a detachable integrated structure, and the lid is detachably fixed above the egg-laying bucket to cooperate with the egg-laying bucket to form a relatively closed space to prevent insects from escaping.

[0024] Furthermore, the wall of the egg-laying barrel is provided with elongated insect entry holes, which are equidistant and evenly distributed to provide entry channels for insects and facilitate their entry into the egg-laying barrel; the bottom of the egg-laying barrel is provided with 10-30 small holes for emitting odors to attract insects and for draining excess water.

[0025] In some embodiments, 10-30 small holes with a diameter of 0.1-1 cm are distributed at the bottom of the oviposition bucket. These holes facilitate the drainage of excess water, ensuring a suitable environment inside the bucket. This arrangement creates good ventilation and drainage conditions for insects, and also allows the odor of the attractant in the scent source bucket to be fully released. With the help of an insect-attracting light source, the oviposition environment of insects is further optimized, thereby attracting more insects to enter the oviposition bucket to lay eggs. The size of the holes is smaller than the size of adult insects and egg masses, preventing insects from entering the scent source bucket and preventing egg masses from falling into the scent source bucket. Subsequent screening experiments showed that it is preferable to set 18 small holes at the bottom of the oviposition bucket. When 18 small holes are set at the bottom of the oviposition bucket, the effect of the attractant in the lower scent source bucket can be maximized, attracting pests to enter the oviposition bucket. At the same time, limiting the optimal number and diameter of the holes can also prevent insects from entering the scent source bucket, allowing insects to gather more in the oviposition bucket to lay eggs and move around, thereby further improving the oviposition efficiency of pests.

[0026] Furthermore, the automatic insect egg collection device also includes an insect-attracting light source, which is detachably installed in the center of the cylindrical tube; the cylindrical tube divides the oviposition tank into an insect-attracting light source area, an insect activity area, and an insect oviposition area; after the insects are attracted to the insect activity area, they lay their eggs in the insect oviposition area.

[0027] In some embodiments, the cylindrical tube divides the interior of the oviposition chamber into multiple functional areas, including an insect activity area, a light source area, and an oviposition area. The insect activity area is the region between the oviposition chamber and the cylindrical tube, providing sufficient space for insects to move freely and find oviposition locations. The light source area is the region inside the cylindrical tube, where insects are attracted into the oviposition chamber by setting optimal lighting conditions with an insect-attracting light source inside the cylindrical tube. The oviposition area is mainly the outer wall area of ​​the cylindrical tube, where the optimal attractant of the present invention is uniformly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube. Combined with the insect-attracting light source, this fully utilizes the insects' oviposition habits to provide a suitable surface and environment for insect oviposition, thereby facilitating oviposition. All egg masses laid by the insects are located in the oviposition area. The partitioned design makes the functional zones of the insect egg collector of the present invention more clearly defined, avoids interference between different functional areas, provides a suitable activity environment for insects, optimizes the activity path of insects in the egg-laying bucket, increases the chance of insects contacting the egg-laying area, thereby increasing the egg production, and also improves the efficiency and convenience of collecting egg masses; and the partitioned design facilitates the subsequent classification and processing of collected egg masses, improving the convenience of subsequent research or application.

[0028] Furthermore, the cylindrical tube has eight rows of small holes on its side surface. These holes are evenly spaced and arranged vertically, which facilitates the leakage of light from the insect-attracting light source area while preventing insects from entering. This allows insects to gather in large numbers in the insect activity area, making it easier to collect egg masses.

[0029] In some implementations, subsequent screening experiments further screened the location, distribution, number, and size of the small holes cut into the side surface of the cylindrical paper tube. The results showed that the location, distribution, number, and size settings can maximize the attraction effect on insects while ensuring sufficient light transmission to provide a suitable oviposition environment for insects. In addition, the design can also prevent excessive light from entering the oviposition tube, thus preventing interference with the activity or oviposition behavior of insects.

[0030] Furthermore, the elongated insect inlet hole is aligned with the small hole on the side surface of the cylindrical tube, which facilitates the leakage of light and the attraction of insects.

[0031] In some embodiments, the cylindrical tube is a cylindrical paper tube with eight rows of evenly spaced, uniformly spaced circular holes cut into its side surface. Each row contains eight holes, and each hole is 1 cm in diameter. This design allows for suitable light to escape while preventing adult insects from entering. Four rows of small holes are aligned with the elongated insect-inlet hole. This arrangement ensures smoother light flow from the central insect-attracting light source within the cylindrical paper tube, facilitating the entry of attracted adult males and females. The purpose of the cylindrical paper tube is to provide a more suitable oviposition environment for insects. Its alignment with the elongated insect-inlet hole helps attract more insects into the oviposition chamber using appropriate light. Combined with the placement of the LED light source, this further enhances the attraction effect.

[0032] The cylindrical tube is uniformly coated with a plant-derived attractant and a synergist at a volume ratio of 1:2. The plant-derived attractant releases a scent that mimics the plant aromas that insects love, attracting them closer. The synergist of this invention significantly enhances this attraction. When the scent of the plant-derived attractant mixes with the synergist, the cylindrical tube simulates the environment of plant leaves, better mimicking the natural environment familiar to insects, thus greatly increasing its attractiveness to insects and promoting egg-laying on the cylindrical tube. This facilitates the subsequent collection of egg masses; simply removing or replacing the cylindrical tube is sufficient to collect the egg masses, significantly improving egg-laying efficiency and egg mass collection capacity. Furthermore, the cylindrical tube in this invention is preferably a cylindrical paper tube. After removing the cylindrical paper tube, paper pieces containing egg masses can be directly cut off and placed in a petri dish for incubation. Subsequent experimental results show that this method can significantly shorten the incubation time. Meanwhile, using cylindrical paper tubes has significant advantages: compared to commonly used tools such as egg shovels and egg scrapers, the present invention uses cylindrical paper tubes, which can directly cut off paper pieces with egg masses and place them in a petri dish for incubation. This avoids the damage to the egg masses caused by directly scraping them off with an egg scraper, thereby further improving the egg mass collection capacity and increasing the hatching rate.

[0033] In this invention, a cylindrical paper tube is used for ease of understanding. However, it is understood that other materials can be used as cylindrical tubes when there are other requirements, and it is not limited to "paper tubes".

[0034] Furthermore, the centers of the spawning barrel, the cylindrical barrel, and the flavor source barrel are on the same line, and the line is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0035] In some embodiments, the scent source container is made of transparent plexiglass, with a diameter of 25-30 cm and a height of 3-8 cm, and is fixed to the lower part of the egg collection container with nuts. An attractant is added to the scent source container to effectively attract adult lepidopteran insects (male and female) into the egg-laying container. The centers of the egg-laying container, the cylindrical paper tube, and the scent source container are aligned on the same line, and this line is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. This arrangement significantly enhances the structural stability and functional coordination of the entire device (egg collector), thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the attraction and collection process.

[0036] On the other hand, the present invention provides a matching attraction method for an automatic insect egg collection device, wherein the automatic insect egg collection device as described in any of the above technical solutions is used to attract insects, and the method includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Add an attractant to the flavor source container;

[0038] (2) Place the automatic insect egg collection device in the field between the plants, above the top of the plants;

[0039] (3) Collect egg masses and count the types, quantities and hatching rates of egg masses.

[0040] In some embodiments, the automatic insect egg collection device of the present invention is used in conjunction with its matching attraction method: by using the combination of appropriate plant-derived attractants and synergists to emit odors to attract insects, and by using insect-attracting light sources of specific intensities to attract insects and create suitable oviposition lighting conditions, thereby significantly improving the attraction effect on insects and the efficiency of insect egg collection, and having the functions of better promoting insect aggregation, inducing insect oviposition, and efficiently collecting insect eggs.

[0041] On the other hand, the present invention provides the use of a composition for preparing an agent that enhances the attraction and egg collection ability of insects, characterized in that the composition comprises any one or more combinations of a sugar-vinegar solution, a plant-derived attractant, or a synergist; the synergist comprises any one or more combinations of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, nonanal, or 3-butenyl isothiocyanate.

[0042] Furthermore, the attractant is a combination of a plant-derived attractant and a synergist; the synergist is a combination of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and nonanal, or a combination of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate.

[0043] Furthermore, the plant-derived attractant includes any one or more combinations of juices from corn, cabbage, taro, or asparagus.

[0044] Further, the mass ratio of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and nonanal is 1-3:0.5-1.5:2-6; the mass ratio of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate is 18-22:2-8:0.5-2.

[0045] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0046] 1. This invention provides a novel insect egg collector that is easy to operate and reusable, effectively reducing manual operation and intervention during the egg collection process, saving time and effort, improving the efficiency and timeliness of resistance monitoring, and greatly shortening the time for obtaining pests for resistance testing. Furthermore, the large-scale collection of field pests from different regions can provide a large number of standard test insect samples with uniform age and size for subsequent pest resistance research, thus providing a solid theoretical basis for revising pest resistance management programs, improving the level of pest resistance management, and having broad application prospects.

[0047] 2. The present invention provides a novel insect egg collector that offers a suitable oviposition environment for insects: the design of the scent source barrel and the oviposition barrel provides a suitable oviposition site for insects, and their shape, size, and material characteristics help attract insects and promote oviposition behavior; the selection of the position, distribution, number, and size of the small holes cut on the side of the cylindrical paper tube maximizes the attraction effect on insects, attracting more insects into the oviposition barrel; the setting of the insect-attracting light source provides appropriate lighting, attracting insects into the oviposition barrel and providing a suitable activity and oviposition environment for insects; the spatial separation between the oviposition barrel and the cylindrical paper tube makes the functional zoning of the insect egg collector more clearly defined, including the insect activity area, the light source area, and the oviposition area, which is conducive to insect activity and improves the efficiency of egg collection; the small holes distributed at the bottom of the oviposition barrel facilitate air circulation and drainage of excess moisture, ensuring a suitable environment inside the barrel.

[0048] 3. This invention provides a novel insect egg collector. Through the design of an egg collection bucket (including a lid, an oviposition bucket, and a cylindrical tube) and a scent source bucket, coupled with its accompanying attraction methods (such as using a combination of sugar-vinegar solution, plant-derived attractants, or synergists to emit scents to attract insects, and using insect-attracting light sources of specific intensities to attract insects and create suitable oviposition lighting conditions), it significantly improves the insect attraction effect and egg collection efficiency. It better promotes insect aggregation, induces insect oviposition, and efficiently collects insect eggs. Furthermore, it allows for more precise attraction and collection of target insects, which is of great significance for entomological research, pest control, and the development of related ecological fields. This research has significant implications and a positive driving force. Simultaneously, it provides a solid theoretical foundation and technical means for subsequent research on insect resistance, facilitating the more precise acquisition of large quantities of specific insect eggs, thus providing a sufficient experimental sample base for resistance research. It can better simulate the oviposition behavior and state of insects in their natural environment, making the data from resistance research more authentic and reliable. Furthermore, it effectively helps researchers analyze and understand the correlation between insect oviposition patterns and changes in resistance under the influence of different environmental factors such as light and odor, thereby providing strong support for in-depth exploration of the formation mechanism and development trend of insect resistance, and further promoting the development of insect resistance research in a deeper and more comprehensive direction. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insect egg collector of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the insect egg collector of the present invention (insect attractant light source + cylindrical tube + egg-laying barrel + flavor source barrel).

[0051] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram (stereoscopic view) of the insect egg collector of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the insect egg collector of the present invention (cover + insect attractant light source + cylindrical tube + egg-laying barrel + flavor source barrel).

[0053] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the insect egg collector of the present invention (cover + insect-attracting light source + cylindrical tube).

[0054] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the egg-laying bucket in the egg collector of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the egg-laying bucket in the insect egg collector of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the egg-laying bucket and the flavor source bucket in the insect egg collector of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flavor source bucket in the insect egg collector of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and do not limit it in any way.

[0059] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods.

[0060] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0061] The present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments.

[0062] In this invention, it is known that the wingspan of adult fall armyworm is about 3.2-4.0 cm, and the body length is about 1.2-1.6 cm. Usually, 100-200 eggs are piled up in a clump (in layers), and the diameter of the egg clump is about 0.5-1.5 cm; the wingspan of adult beet armyworm is about 2.5-3.0 cm, and the body length is about 1.0-1.4 cm. Usually, 10-30 eggs are piled up in a clump, and the diameter of the egg clump is about 0.3-1.5 cm; the wingspan of adult beet armyworm is about 3.5-4.6 cm, and the body length is about 1.4-2.0 cm. Usually, 100-300 eggs are piled up in a clump, and the diameter of the egg clump is about 0.8-1.8 cm.

[0063] Example 1: A novel insect egg collector provided by the present invention

[0064] I. Basic Structure of an Insect Egg Collector

[0065] To address the difficulties and inefficiencies in obtaining experimental insects for current pesticide resistance monitoring, this invention provides a novel insect egg collector (automatic egg collection device). This device successfully attracts various pests to lay eggs and collects egg masses for use in experiments, significantly improving the efficiency and timeliness of resistance monitoring and providing a more convenient and effective approach for research and practice on pesticide resistance in related insects.

[0066] This embodiment provides a specific example of an insect egg collector, as shown below. Figures 1-9 As shown, from Figures 1-9 As can be seen from the above, the insect egg collector includes an insect egg collection bucket 1 and a flavor source bucket 2.

[0067] The insect egg collection bucket 1 is made of transparent plexiglass, and its components include a cover 3, an egg-laying bucket 4, and a cylindrical tube 5 (in this embodiment, the cylindrical tube 5 is a cylindrical paper tube, but it is understood that the material of the cylindrical tube 5 can be set according to different needs, and is not limited to paper tubes). The cover 3 is a circular top cover.

[0068] The cover 3 consists of two layers: an upper circular cover layer with a diameter of 15-20 cm (16 cm in this embodiment) and a lower circular cover layer with a diameter of 13-18 cm (15 cm in this embodiment). The two layers are tightly joined to form a complete cover 3 structure, as shown in the figure below. Figure 4 As shown. The upper circular cover layer has a larger diameter, which can completely cover the opening of the cylindrical tube 5, serving a sealing and protective function; the lower circular cover layer has a smaller diameter, matching the diameter of the opening of the cylindrical tube 5, and can tightly nest into the opening of the cylindrical tube 5, further enhancing the sealing effect. In this invention, the main function of the cover 3 is to prevent insects from escaping, while also facilitating the placement and removal of the insect-attracting light source 6. Specifically, as... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 In this embodiment, the dimensions of the cover 3 and the cylindrical tube 5 are inconsistent. This is because, according to requirements, the thickness of the cylindrical tube 5 can be selectively set; although the thickness of the cylindrical tube 5 is set to approximately 1-2 cm (specifically as shown in the figure), the thickness of the cylindrical tube 5 is approximately 1-2 cm. Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 In the cross-sectional view, the thickness of the cylindrical tube 5 is 1.5 cm. However, in this embodiment, the cylindrical tube 5 is selected as a cylindrical paper tube, so the actual thickness is not obvious and matches the diameter of the lower circular cover layer. The two do not conflict. In practical applications, the specific thickness of the cylindrical tube 5 can be set according to the requirements.

[0069] The oviposition chamber 4 is cylindrical, with a height of 25-35 cm (30.5 cm in this embodiment) and a diameter of 20-30 cm (25 cm in this embodiment). Four elongated insect entry holes 7, each 0.5-5 cm in diameter (4.0 cm in this embodiment) and 15-25 cm high (19 cm in this embodiment), are evenly distributed at equal intervals around the wall of the oviposition chamber 4. These four elongated insect entry holes 7 are positioned horizontally at the midpoint of the height of the oviposition chamber 4. The vertical distance from the elongated insect entry hole 7 to the top of the oviposition chamber 4 is equal to the vertical distance from the elongated insect entry hole 7 to the bottom of the oviposition chamber 4. Their function is to provide an entry channel for insects, facilitating their entry into the oviposition chamber 4. At the bottom of the egg-laying bucket 4, there are 10-30 small holes 8 with a diameter of 0.1-1 cm (0.3 cm in this embodiment). These holes 8 help to drain excess water and ensure a suitable environment inside the bucket. This design not only creates good ventilation and drainage conditions for insects, but also allows the aroma of the sweet and sour liquid in the aroma source bucket 2 to be fully released. In conjunction with the insect-attracting light source 6, it further optimizes the egg-laying environment for insects, thereby attracting more insects to enter the egg-laying bucket 4 to lay eggs. The size of the small holes 8 is smaller than the size of adult insects and egg masses to prevent insects from entering the aroma source bucket 4. The oviposition tank 2 and the prevention of egg masses falling into the flavor source tank 2; and subsequent screening experiments showed that, in this embodiment, it is preferable to uniformly set 18 small holes 8 at the bottom of the oviposition tank 4 (below the insect activity area 10). When the bottom of the oviposition tank 4 is set with 18 small holes 8, the effect of the sweet and sour liquid in the lower flavor source tank 2 can be maximized to attract pests into the oviposition tank 4; at the same time, limiting the optimal number and diameter of the small holes 8 can also prevent insects from entering the flavor source tank 2, so that more insects gather in the oviposition tank 4 to lay eggs and move around, thereby further improving the oviposition efficiency of pests.

[0070] A cylindrical tube 5 is detachably fixed inside the egg-laying bucket 4. In this embodiment, the cylindrical tube 5 is specifically a cylindrical paper tube with a diameter of 10-20 cm and a height of 25-35 cm (in this embodiment, the diameter is 15 cm and the height is 30 cm). Eight rows of round holes 9 are cut evenly and equidistantly on the side surface of the cylindrical tube 5, with eight holes in each row and each round hole 9 having a diameter of 1 cm. This arrangement allows for suitable light to escape while preventing adult insects from entering. Four rows of round holes 9 need to be aligned with the elongated insect-entry hole 7. This arrangement allows for smoother light escape from the insect-attracting light source 6 in the center of the cylindrical tube 5, facilitating the entry of attracted male and female adult insects. The purpose of setting up the cylindrical tube 5 is to serve as the insertion point for the insect-attracting light source 6 (LED lamp tube, special insecticidal lamp tube, special noctuid moth insect-attracting lamp, or other light source), thereby providing a more suitable oviposition environment for insects. Its alignment with the elongated insect inlet 7 facilitates the use of suitable light to attract more insects into the oviposition chamber 4, further enhancing the attraction effect. The cylindrical tube 5 is uniformly and intermittently coated with an appropriate amount of attractant (such as 2-5 mL of plant-derived attractant) and synergist, with the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant to the synergist being 1:2. Plant-derived attractants release scents that mimic the plants that insects love, attracting them closer. The synergist of this invention significantly enhances this attraction. When the scent of the plant-derived attractant is mixed with the synergist, the cylindrical tube can simulate the environmental conditions of plant leaves, better mimicking the natural environment familiar to insects, thereby greatly increasing its attractiveness to insects and promoting egg-laying on the cylindrical tube. This facilitates the subsequent collection of egg masses, which can be collected simply by removing or replacing the cylindrical tube, significantly improving egg-laying efficiency and egg mass collection capacity.

[0071] Meanwhile, the cylindrical tube in this invention is preferably a cylindrical paper tube. After removing the cylindrical paper tube, paper pieces containing egg masses can be directly cut off and placed in a petri dish for incubation. Subsequent experimental results show that the method can significantly shorten the incubation time. Furthermore, using a cylindrical paper tube has significant advantages: compared to commonly used tools such as egg shovels and egg scrapers, this invention uses a cylindrical paper tube to directly cut off paper pieces containing egg masses and place them in a petri dish for incubation, thus avoiding damage to the egg masses caused by directly scraping them off with an egg scraper. This further improves the egg mass collection capacity and increases the hatching rate.

[0072] In subsequent screening experiments, the position, distribution, number, and size of the round holes 9 cut on the side of the cylindrical tube 5 were further screened. The results showed that the above-mentioned position, distribution, number, and size settings can maximize the attraction effect on insects, while ensuring sufficient light transmission to provide a suitable oviposition environment for insects. In addition, the design can also prevent excessive light from entering the oviposition bucket 4, thus preventing interference with the activity or oviposition behavior of insects.

[0073] In this embodiment, a common 3-5 watt LED light source is used as the insect-attracting light source 6, specifically 4 watts. At this light intensity, it can attract various insects to the greatest extent possible and is also very beneficial for insects to lay eggs. Specifically, this light intensity and light source characteristics can effectively stimulate the insects' phototaxis, prompting them to move closer to the light source, thereby increasing the probability of insects being attracted to the egg collection bucket 1. Simultaneously, the lighting conditions can also create a suitable environment for insect reproduction, positively promoting insect egg laying and helping to improve the efficiency and quantity of insect egg laying, providing richer resources for subsequent research and application of insect drug resistance. The insect-attracting light source 6 is detachably installed in the cylindrical tube 5. By precisely controlling the intensity of the insect-attracting light source 6 and selecting the optimal formula of the attractants (plant-derived attractants and synergists) coated at intervals on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 5, and combining this with the attraction of the sweet and sour liquid in the flavor source barrel 2 to insects, the three elements are used in combination. In subsequent verification experiments, continuous testing, analysis, and optimization are conducted to determine the most suitable combination of conditions for different insects, thereby maximizing the attraction effect on insects. This results in insects showing a higher tendency and willingness to enter the egg collection device (egg collector) of this invention, achieving more efficient insect attraction.

[0074] The cylindrical tube 5 divides the interior of the oviposition chamber 4 into multiple functional areas, including an insect activity area 10, a light source area 11, and an oviposition area 12. The insect activity area 10 is the region between the oviposition chamber 4 and the cylindrical tube 5, providing sufficient space for insects to move freely and find oviposition locations. The light source area 11 is the region inside the cylindrical tube 5, where insects are attracted into the oviposition chamber 4 by setting the insect-attracting light source 6 inside the cylindrical tube 5 to provide optimal lighting conditions. The oviposition area 12 is mainly the outer wall area of ​​the cylindrical tube 5, where the optimal attractant of this invention is evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 5. Combined with the insect-attracting light source 6, this fully utilizes the insects' oviposition habits, providing a suitable surface and environment for insect oviposition, thus facilitating oviposition. All egg masses laid by the insects are located within the oviposition area. The partitioned design makes the functional zones of the insect egg collector of the present invention more clearly defined, avoids interference between different functional areas, provides a suitable activity environment for insects, optimizes the activity path of insects in the oviposition bucket 4, increases the chance of contact between insects and oviposition area 12, thereby increasing the amount of eggs laid, and also improves the efficiency and convenience of collecting egg masses; and the partitioned design facilitates the subsequent classification and processing of collected egg masses, improving the convenience of subsequent research or application.

[0075] The flavor source barrel 2 is made of transparent plexiglass, with a diameter of 25-30 cm and a height of 3-8 cm. In this embodiment, it is specifically 27 cm in diameter and 5.5 cm in height. The upper surface of the flavor source barrel 2 is provided with a groove 13 suitable for placing the oviposition barrel 4. The flavor source barrel 2 and the oviposition barrel 4 are detachably connected together through the groove 13, with the flavor source barrel 2 fixed to the lower part of the oviposition barrel 4. The size of the groove 13 is suitable for the size of the oviposition barrel 4, with a diameter of 20-30 cm (25 cm in this embodiment). A sugar-vinegar solution is added to the flavor source barrel 2. On the one hand, insects tend to lay eggs in humid environments, and adding a sugar-vinegar solution is more conducive to creating suitable environmental conditions for insect growth. On the other hand, adding a sugar-vinegar solution can significantly enhance the attraction effect on insects. Combined with the insect-attracting light source 6 and the attractant (plant-derived attractant + synergist) on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 5, it can further promote the attraction of insects, thereby effectively attracting adult lepidopteran males and females into the oviposition barrel 4. The centers of the oviposition bucket 4, the cylindrical tube 5, and the flavor source bucket 2 are on the same line, and the line is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. This arrangement can significantly enhance the structural stability and functional coordination of the entire device (egg collector), thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the attraction and collection process.

[0076] In this invention, an attractant is used in conjunction with an insect-attracting light source 6 to effectively attract insects. This includes a sweet and sour solution placed in a flavor source container 2, and plant-derived attractants and synergists applied alternately to the inner wall of a cylindrical tube 5. The specific formulations of different attractants are shown below:

[0077] (1) Sweet and sour liquid: Place it in the flavor source container 2. It is prepared by mixing brown sugar (pure brown sugar), vinegar (4% Hengshun aged vinegar), wine (52 degrees Erguotou) and water in a mass ratio of 1:8:3:50. When using it, place the prepared sweet and sour liquid in the flavor source container 2, so that it occupies 1 / 2 of the container volume (about 1574mL).

[0078] (2) Plant-derived attractant: The basic components are fresh juices from plants such as corn, cabbage, and taro; and are coated evenly on the inner wall of cylindrical tube 5 with a synergist. The amount of plant-derived attractant added is 2-5 mL, and in this embodiment, it is 4 mL.

[0079] (3) Synergists: Specifically including any one or more of the following compounds: (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (E)-2-hexenal, C9H 18 O (nonanal), 3-buten-1-ylisothiocyanate; combined with a plant-derived attractant, are evenly and intermittently coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube 5. The amount of the synergist added is 4-10 mL, and in this embodiment, it is specifically 10 mL.

[0080] When different coating methods are used on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube, the attraction ability for different insects varies significantly. Compared to a mixture of plant-derived attractants and synergists, applying plant-derived attractants and synergists alternately on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube has a more significant attraction effect on adult insects. This may be because, on the one hand, alternating coating may lead to higher concentrations of plant-derived attractants and synergists in localized areas. Higher concentrations of signal molecules are more easily perceived and responded to by adult insects, thus enhancing the attraction. Conversely, the components in the mixture may dilute each other, reducing the concentration of the effective ingredient and weakening its signal intensity, thereby affecting the attraction effect. On the other hand, in the mixture... Plant-derived attractants and synergists may compete for binding sites with adult insects. Interval coating reduces this competition, allowing each to function more effectively. This enables the synergist to more precisely enhance the odor characteristics of the plant-derived attractant, thus improving the attraction effect on adults. While plant-derived attractants and synergists can also exert a synergistic effect in a mixture, interval coating may create conditions more favorable for their synergistic effect. This specific arrangement may make it easier for adults to perceive the presence of the attractant and synergist, improving the attraction effect. Therefore, simply mixing attractants and synergists together does not necessarily achieve the best results. Instead, it requires in-depth research and optimization of their combination and coating strategies to maximize the attraction effect on adults and thus maximize egg collection capacity. This is because insect perception and behavioral response mechanisms are very complex, requiring comprehensive consideration of the influence of multiple factors and precise regulation and optimization to achieve the best attraction effect. Furthermore, the attraction effects of different synergists varied significantly among different insects. For the fall armyworm, the combination of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and nonanal showed the best attraction effect, with the optimal mass ratio of 1:0.5:2. This is likely because the odor signature produced by this combination better matches the fall armyworm's sensory signals regarding food sources or habitats. For the beet armyworm and the cotton bollworm, the combination of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate also showed a good attraction effect, with the optimal mass ratio of 20:5:1. This is likely because it better triggers their specific olfactory responses. The combination and ratio of different synergists significantly affect the attraction effect on different insects, reflecting the specificity and complexity of different insects' olfactory perception and behavioral responses. By conducting in-depth research and precisely formulating attractant combinations, the ability to attract specific insects can be improved more effectively.

[0081] Furthermore, the attraction ability of different plant-derived attractants varies significantly depending on the insect. For the fall armyworm, fresh corn sap shows a relatively strong attraction effect, possibly because the fall armyworm has a special sensitivity and tendency to attract the scent of corn. However, for the beet armyworm and the cotton bollworm, the attraction effect of fresh sap from plants such as asparagus, cabbage, and taro is more significant. This may be because the olfactory sensory systems of the beet armyworm and the cotton bollworm have unique recognition and response mechanisms to the chemical signals of asparagus, cabbage, and taro.

[0082] Therefore, it can be seen that different insects have their own unique preferences and responses to plant-derived attractants. In practical applications, it is necessary to select and optimize the composition and ratio of plant-derived attractants according to the species of the target insect in order to achieve the best attraction effect.

[0083] II. Method of using the insect egg collector of the present invention (or the matching attraction method)

[0084] When using the insect egg collector of this invention, firstly, add half the container volume of a suitable sugar-vinegar solution to the scent source container 2 to attract adult lepidopteran insects, both male and female, using the emitted scent. Then, place the insect egg collector in the corresponding plant field (such as a cornfield), support it with a tripod, and position it above the top of the corresponding plants. Next, place the insect-attracting light source 6 in the center of the cylindrical tube 5 (with the battery placed on the ground). Simultaneously, set the light intensity of the insect-attracting light source 6 to a standard 4-watt LED light or a special noctuid moth-attracting lamp. Every morning at 8:00 AM, remove the cylindrical tube 5 coated with the attractant (plant-derived attractant + synergist) to collect the egg masses. Continue this process for three consecutive days, counting the types and quantities of various egg masses, and then breed them indoors, recording the hatching rate. Appropriate light intensity can further attract insects into the oviposition container 4. Under the combined effect of scent and light, insects are prompted to enter the oviposition container 4 to lay eggs, thus achieving a highly efficient attraction and egg collection effect.

[0085] III. The Role of Different Structures in the Insect Egg Collector of the Invention

[0086] This invention provides a novel insect egg collector, the different structures of which each have the following functions:

[0087] 1. Insect egg collection bucket 1: including a cover 3, an egg-laying bucket 4, and a cylindrical tube 5, with an insect-attracting light source 6 installed inside the cylindrical tube 5; the insect egg collection bucket 1 as a whole is used to attract insects and collect the insect eggs laid by the insects, providing a specific space for insects to lay eggs;

[0088] 2. Scent Source Bucket 2: Includes a sweet and sour liquid, which releases a specific scent to attract insects. When used in conjunction with the insect-attracting light source 6, it further enhances the attraction to insects. At the same time, the sweet and sour liquid creates a humid environment, which is more suitable for insect growth and egg laying.

[0089] 3. Cover 3: Together with the egg-laying bucket 4, it forms a relatively enclosed space, which prevents insects from escaping and facilitates the placement and removal of the insect-attracting light source 6;

[0090] 4. Oviposition chamber 4: This is the main site for insect activity and oviposition;

[0091] 5. Cylindrical tube 5: Provides support and housing space for internal insect-attracting light source 6 and other structures. Its shape also helps guide insects in. The round holes 9 on its side surface maximize the attraction to insects while ensuring sufficient light transmission to provide a suitable oviposition environment. In addition, the design prevents excessive light from entering the oviposition chamber 4, thus avoiding interference with insect activity or oviposition behavior. At the same time, the interior is uniformly coated with plant-derived attractants and synergists, applied alternately to simulate the environment of plant leaves, enhancing the attraction to insects and promoting oviposition on the cylindrical tube, facilitating subsequent egg collection. Furthermore, the cylindrical paper tube design allows for direct cutting of paper pieces containing egg masses for incubation, avoiding damage to egg masses when scraping eggs with common tools, thus improving egg collection capacity and hatching rate.

[0092] 6. Insect-attracting light source 6: Use appropriate intensity of light to attract insects and create lighting conditions that are conducive to insect egg-laying;

[0093] 7. Long, narrow insect inlet 7: Provides an entry channel for insects, facilitating their entry into the egg-laying container 4; it also promotes air circulation, providing insects with sufficient oxygen and ensuring a suitable environment inside the container; it also facilitates the leakage of light and the release of attractant odors, thereby attracting more insects to enter the egg-laying container 4 to lay eggs;

[0094] 8. Small hole 8: helps to drain excess water, ensures a suitable environment inside the bucket, creates good drainage conditions for insects, and also prevents insects from entering the flavor source bucket 2 and egg masses from falling into the flavor source bucket 2, maximizing the effect of the sweet and sour liquid. Together with the insect-attracting light source 6, it attracts pests into the egg-laying bucket 4 to lay eggs, improving the egg-laying efficiency of pests.

[0095] 9. Round hole 9: To allow suitable light to escape while preventing adult insects from entering;

[0096] 10. Insect Activity Area 10: Insect activity area 10 provides sufficient space for insects to move freely and find places to lay their eggs;

[0097] 11. Light source area 11: By setting the insect-attracting light source 6 to the optimal lighting conditions, insects are attracted into the oviposition tank 4;

[0098] 12. Oviposition Zone 12: This is the outer wall area of ​​the cylindrical tube 5. It provides a suitable surface and environment for insects to lay eggs, taking into account their oviposition habits. All egg masses laid by insects are located in the oviposition zone, which also facilitates the subsequent collection of egg masses.

[0099] 13. Groove 13: The flavor source barrel 2 and the spawning barrel 4 are detachably snapped together through groove 13.

[0100] This embodiment provides an insect egg collector. Through the arrangement of an egg collection bucket 1 (including a cover 3, an oviposition bucket 4, a cylindrical tube 5, etc.) and a scent source bucket 2, combined with its accompanying attraction methods (such as using a combination of sugar-vinegar solution, plant-derived attractants, or synergists to emit scents to attract insects, and using insect-attracting light sources of specific intensities to attract insects and create suitable oviposition lighting conditions), it significantly improves the insect attraction effect and egg collection efficiency. It better promotes insect aggregation, induces insect oviposition, and efficiently collects insect eggs. Furthermore, it allows for more precise attraction and collection of target insects, which is of great significance for entomological research, pest control, and the development of related ecological fields. This research has significant implications and a positive driving force. Simultaneously, it provides a solid theoretical foundation and technical means for subsequent research on insect resistance, facilitating the more precise acquisition of large quantities of specific insect eggs, thus providing a sufficient experimental sample base for resistance research. It can better simulate the oviposition behavior and state of insects in their natural environment, making the data from resistance research more authentic and reliable. Furthermore, it effectively helps researchers analyze and understand the correlation between insect oviposition patterns and changes in resistance under the influence of different environmental factors such as light and odor, thereby providing strong support for in-depth exploration of the formation mechanism and development trend of insect resistance, and further promoting the development of insect resistance research in a deeper and more comprehensive direction.

[0101] Example 2: The Importance of Different Attracting Factors in the Egg Collector of the Present Invention for the Collection of Fall Armyworm Egg Masses

[0102] In this embodiment, to further enhance the attraction effect on insects (fall armyworm) and improve the collection efficiency of insect egg masses (fall armyworm egg masses), a comparative screening experiment was conducted on different combinations of attraction factors in the egg collector. The following 12 control treatment groups were set up (in this embodiment, except for the conditions in the different treatment groups below, the other conditions are the optimal conditions in Example 1):

[0103] 1. Treatment A: Insect egg collection bucket + LED light, the light intensity of the LED light is 4 watts;

[0104] 2. Treatment B: Insect egg collection bucket + LED light, the light intensity of the LED light is 2 watts;

[0105] 3. Treatment C: Insect egg collection bucket + LED light, the light intensity of the LED light is 6 watts;

[0106] 4. Treatment D: Insect egg collection bucket + water (flavor source bucket) + plant-derived attractant (4mL of fresh corn plant juice, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0107] 5. Treatment E: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + plant-derived attractant (4mL of fresh corn plant juice, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0108] 6. Treatment F: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + synergist (cis-3-hexene acetate, 10mg / L, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0109] 7. Treatment G: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + synergist (trans-2-hexenal, 10mg / L, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0110] 8. Treatment H: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + synergist (nonanal, 10mg / L, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0111] 9. Treatment I: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant (mixture), the attractant is: a mixture of plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of corn plants) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: nonanal (mass ratio) = 1:0.5:2, 10mg / L), wherein the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, in this embodiment, it is specifically 1:2; the mixture is evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube;

[0112] 10. Treatment J: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant, the attractant is: plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of corn plants) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: nonanal (mass ratio) = 1:0.5:2, 10mg / L), wherein the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, in this embodiment, it is specifically 1:2; the plant-derived attractant and synergist are evenly and alternately coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube;

[0113] 11. Treatment K: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant (mixture) + LED light. The attractant is a mixture of plant-derived attractant (fresh corn plant juice) and synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: nonanal (mass ratio) = 1:0.5:2, 10mg / L). The volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, specifically 1:2 in this embodiment. The mixture is evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube. The light intensity of the LED light is 4 watts.

[0114] 12. Treatment L: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant + LED light. The attractant is: plant-derived attractant (fresh juice from corn plants) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: nonanal (mass ratio) = 1:0.5:2, 10mg / L), wherein the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, specifically 1:2 in this embodiment; the plant-derived attractant and synergist are evenly and alternately coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube; the light intensity of the LED light is 4 watts.

[0115] The experiment was conducted as follows: In August, an egg-attracting experiment was carried out in a cornfield in Xintai Town, Pinghu City, at the jointing stage of the corn. Devices for twelve treatments (A to L, with three replicates) were placed in the center of the cornfield (approximately 120 mu), spaced about 20 meters apart. Egg collection buckets were supported by tripods, positioned above the top of the corn plants. Cylindrical paper tubes with pre-cut holes were placed in the egg collection buckets, and an LED light was placed in the center of each tube (with the battery on the ground). Egg masses were collected every morning at 8:00 AM for three consecutive days. The types and quantities of each egg mass were counted, and the eggs were bred indoors to determine the hatching rate.

[0116] Table 1. Number of Fall Armyworm Egg Masses

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (Duncan's new multiple range test, P<0.05).

[0120] The effects of different treatment groups on the collection of fall armyworm eggs are shown in Table 1. The results indicate that the egg collector and its accompanying attraction method of this invention have excellent egg mass collection capabilities.

[0121] (1) The results of treatments A to C show that different light intensities have different egg collection capabilities. When the light intensity is 2-6 watts, there is no significant difference in egg collection capability among different groups. However, when the preferred light intensity is 4 watts, the egg collection capability reaches the highest level and the number of eggs attracted is the highest.

[0122] (2) The results of treatments D to E showed that the sugar-vinegar solution had a good insect attraction ability. When water was used instead of the sugar-vinegar solution, the attraction effect on adult insects was poor. This indicates that the specific chemical components and odor characteristics contained in the sugar-vinegar solution play a crucial role in attracting insects. The sugar and acidic substances in the sugar-vinegar solution may form unique chemical signals that can be keenly perceived and recognized by insects, thereby triggering their directional behavior. Water lacks these specific chemical components and odor information, and cannot effectively activate the insects' sensory system and foraging instinct, resulting in a reduced attraction effect on adult insects.

[0123] (3) The results of treatments E to J showed that different attractants had different abilities to collect egg masses. When only sugar-vinegar solution was used in combination with a single plant-derived attractant or synergist, the attraction effect on adults was not good. This indicates that a single attractant is not attractive enough to adults. However, when plant-derived attractants and synergists were mixed, the attraction effect on adults was enhanced compared to a single attractant. This indicates that adding sugar-vinegar solution and a suitable synergist has a certain synergistic effect on egg mass collection.

[0124] However, when plant-derived attractants and synergists were evenly and alternately coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube, the attraction effect on adult insects was actually enhanced compared to a mixture of plant-derived attractants and synergists. This may be because, on the one hand, the alternating coating may lead to higher concentrations of plant-derived attractants and synergists in localized areas, which conforms to the concentration-dependent characteristics of chemical signal transduction. Higher concentrations of signal molecules are more easily perceived and responded to by adult insects, thus enhancing the attraction. On the other hand, the components in the mixture may dilute each other, reducing the concentration of the effective components and weakening their signal intensity, thereby affecting the attraction of adult insects. On the one hand, in a mixture, the molecules of plant-derived attractants and synergists may compete for binding sites with adults. Interval coating reduces this competition, allowing each to function more effectively. This enables the synergist to more precisely enhance the odor characteristics of the plant-derived attractant, thus improving the attraction effect on adults. Simultaneously, while plant-derived attractants and synergists can exert a certain synergistic effect in a mixture, interval coating may create conditions more favorable for their synergistic effect. This specific arrangement may make it easier for adults to perceive the presence of the attractant and synergist, improving the attraction effect. Therefore, simply mixing attractants and synergists together does not necessarily achieve the best results. Instead, it requires in-depth research and optimization of their combination and coating strategies to maximize the attraction effect on adults and thus maximize egg collection capacity. This is because the perception and behavioral response mechanisms of insects are very complex, requiring comprehensive consideration of the influence of multiple factors and precise regulation and optimization to achieve the best attraction effect.

[0125] In this embodiment, the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant and the synergist was also screened. The results showed that when the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant (fresh corn plant juice) to the synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: nonanal (mass ratio) = 1:0.5:2, 10 mg / L) was between 1:1 and 3, it had a good attraction ability for adults. The attraction ability was highest when the volume ratio was 1:2, which may be because different ratios produce different effects. When the volume ratio is appropriate, the synergist can fully enhance the effect of the plant-derived attractant, making its released odor signal stronger and more attractive. If the proportion of the synergist is too low, it may not be able to fully exert its enhancing effect; while if the proportion is too high, it may, to some extent, mask or interfere with the original attraction of the plant-derived attractant to insects, or produce some unpredictable effects. Therefore, in this embodiment, the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant to the synergist was selected as 1:1-3, preferably 1:2.

[0126] (4) The results of treatments I to L showed that, compared with treatments I and J, the egg collection ability of the egg collector was significantly enhanced after the addition of the insect-attracting light source. This indicates that the combination of a suitable insect-attracting light source + sugar-vinegar solution (flavoring bucket) + attractant (plant-derived attractant (fresh corn plant juice) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: nonanal (mass ratio) = 1:0.5:2, 10 mg / L)) has the most attractive activity, indicating that the combination of a suitable attractant (plant-derived attractant + synergist) has a significant enhancing effect on the egg collection ability of the insect-attracting light source. Meanwhile, treatment A had the second best attraction effect, indicating that the insect-attracting light source plays a significant role in attracting adults to lay eggs.

[0127] Meanwhile, the egg mass hatching rate analysis showed that, regardless of which of the above treatments was adopted, the indoor hatching rate of the collected egg masses was 52-87%, which is above 50%. Therefore, in treatment L, one device can collect more than 300 effective eggs (insects) per day, which is sufficient for monitoring the resistance of fall armyworm.

[0128] Example 3: The Importance of Different Attracting Factors in the Egg Collector of the Present Invention for the Collection of Beetroot Egg Masses

[0129] In this embodiment, to further enhance the attraction effect on insects (beet armyworm) and improve the collection efficiency of insect egg masses (beet armyworm egg masses), a comparative screening experiment was conducted on different combinations of attraction factors in the egg collector. The following 12 control treatment groups were set up (in this embodiment, except for the conditions in the different treatment groups below, the other conditions are the optimal conditions in Example 1):

[0130] 1. Treatment A: Insect egg collection bucket + LED light, the light intensity of the LED light is 4 watts;

[0131] 2. Treatment B: Insect egg collection bucket + LED light, the light intensity of the LED light is 2 watts;

[0132] 3. Treatment C: Insect egg collection bucket + LED light, the light intensity of the LED light is 6 watts;

[0133] 4. Treatment D: Insect egg collection bucket + water (flavor source bucket) + plant-derived attractant (4mL of fresh tender asparagus juice, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0134] 5. Treatment E: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + plant-derived attractant (4mL of fresh tender asparagus juice, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0135] 6. Treatment F: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + synergist (cis-3-hexene acetate, 10mg / L, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0136] 7. Treatment G: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + synergist (trans-2-hexenal, 10mg / L, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0137] 8. Treatment H: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + synergist (3-butenyl isothiocyanate, 10mg / L, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0138] 9. Treatment I: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant (mixture), the attractant is: a mixture of plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of tender asparagus) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10mg / L), wherein the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, in this embodiment, it is specifically 1:2; the mixture is evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube;

[0139] 10. Treatment J: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant, the attractant is: plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of tender asparagus) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10mg / L), wherein the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, in this embodiment, it is specifically 1:2; the plant-derived attractant and synergist are evenly and alternately coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube;

[0140] 11. Treatment K: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant (mixture) + LED light. The attractant is a mixture of plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of tender asparagus) and synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10mg / L). The volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, specifically 1:2 in this embodiment. The mixture is evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube. The light intensity of the LED light is 4 watts.

[0141] 12. Treatment L: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant + LED light. The attractant is: plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of tender asparagus) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10mg / L), wherein the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, specifically 1:2 in this embodiment; the plant-derived attractant and synergist are evenly and alternately coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube; the light intensity of the LED light is 4 watts.

[0142] The following procedures were followed: In August, an egg-attracting experiment was conducted at Jiaxing Shuiyuewan Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., a farm that grows greenhouse asparagus and leafy vegetables. Beet armyworm and cotton bollworm are the main lepidopteran pests during this season. Twelve treatment devices (including three replicates) were placed between asparagus greenhouses, spaced approximately 15 meters apart. Egg collection bins were supported by tripods, roughly level with the ventilation openings on both sides of the greenhouse. First, cylindrical paper tubes with pre-cut holes were placed into the egg collection bins, then an LED light was placed in the center of the cylindrical paper tube (with the battery placed on the ground). Egg masses were collected every morning at 8:00 AM for three consecutive days. The types and quantities of various egg masses were counted, and the eggs were bred indoors to determine the hatching rate.

[0143] Table 2 Number of Beetroot Moth Egg Masses

[0144]

[0145] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (Duncan's new multiple range test, P<0.05).

[0146] The effects of different treatment groups on the collection of beet armyworm eggs are shown in Table 2. The results indicate that the egg collector and its accompanying attraction method of this invention have excellent egg mass collection capabilities.

[0147] (1) The results of treatments A to C show that different light intensities have different egg collection capabilities. When the light intensity is 2-6 watts, there is no significant difference in egg collection capability among different groups. However, when the preferred light intensity is 4 watts, the egg collection capability reaches the highest level and the number of eggs attracted is the highest.

[0148] (2) The results of treatments D to E showed that the sugar-vinegar solution had a good insect attraction ability. When water was used instead of the sugar-vinegar solution, the attraction effect on adult insects was poor. This indicates that the specific chemical components and odor characteristics contained in the sugar-vinegar solution play a crucial role in attracting insects. The sugar and acidic substances in the sugar-vinegar solution may form unique chemical signals that can be keenly perceived and recognized by insects, thereby triggering their directional behavior. Water lacks these specific chemical components and odor information, and cannot effectively activate the insects' sensory system and foraging instinct, resulting in a reduced attraction effect on adult insects.

[0149] (3) The results of treatments E to J showed that different attractants had different abilities to collect egg masses. When only sugar-vinegar solution was used in combination with a single plant-derived attractant or synergist, the attraction effect on adults was not good. This indicates that a single attractant is not attractive enough to adults. However, when plant-derived attractants and synergists were mixed, the attraction effect on adults was enhanced compared to a single attractant. This indicates that adding sugar-vinegar solution and a suitable synergist has a certain synergistic effect on egg mass collection.

[0150] However, when plant-derived attractants and synergists were evenly and alternately coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube, the attraction effect on adult insects was actually enhanced compared to a mixture of plant-derived attractants and synergists. This may be because, on the one hand, the alternating coating may lead to higher concentrations of plant-derived attractants and synergists in localized areas, which conforms to the concentration-dependent characteristics of chemical signal transduction. Higher concentrations of signal molecules are more easily perceived and responded to by adult insects, thus enhancing the attraction. On the other hand, the components in the mixture may dilute each other, reducing the concentration of the effective components and weakening their signal intensity, thereby affecting the attraction of adult insects. On the one hand, in a mixture, the molecules of plant-derived attractants and synergists may compete for binding sites with adults. Interval coating reduces this competition, allowing each to function more effectively. This enables the synergist to more precisely enhance the odor characteristics of the plant-derived attractant, thus improving the attraction effect on adults. Simultaneously, while plant-derived attractants and synergists can exert a certain synergistic effect in a mixture, interval coating may create conditions more favorable for their synergistic effect. This specific arrangement may make it easier for adults to perceive the presence of the attractant and synergist, improving the attraction effect. Therefore, simply mixing attractants and synergists together does not necessarily achieve the best results. Instead, it requires in-depth research and optimization of their combination and coating strategies to maximize the attraction effect on adults and thus maximize egg collection capacity. This is because the perception and behavioral response mechanisms of insects are very complex, requiring comprehensive consideration of the influence of multiple factors and precise regulation and optimization to achieve the best attraction effect.

[0151] In this embodiment, the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant and the synergist was also screened. The results showed that when the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant (fresh asparagus juice) to the synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10 mg / L) was between 1:1 and 3, it had a good attraction ability for adults. The attraction ability was highest when the volume ratio was 1:2, which may be because different ratios produce different effects. When the volume ratio is appropriate, the synergist can fully enhance the effect of the plant-derived attractant, making its released odor signal stronger and more attractive. If the proportion of the synergist is too low, it may not be able to fully exert its enhancing effect; while if the proportion is too high, it may, to some extent, mask or interfere with the original attraction of the plant-derived attractant to insects, or produce some unpredictable effects. Therefore, in this embodiment, the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant to the synergist was selected as 1:1-3, preferably 1:2.

[0152] (4) The results of treatments I to L showed that, compared with treatments I and J, the egg collection ability of the egg collector was significantly enhanced after the addition of the insect-attracting light source. This indicates that the combination of a suitable insect-attracting light source + sweet and sour solution (flavoring container) + attractant (plant-derived attractant (fresh asparagus juice) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10 mg / L)) has the most attractive activity, indicating that the combination of a suitable attractant (plant-derived attractant + synergist) has a significant enhancing effect on the egg collection ability of the insect-attracting light source. Meanwhile, treatment A had the second best attraction effect, indicating that the insect-attracting light source plays a significant role in attracting adults to lay eggs.

[0153] Meanwhile, analysis of the egg mass hatching rate of beet armyworm showed that the indoor hatching rate of egg masses collected from the 13 treatments was 65-93%, which met the expected hatching rate. In treatment L, one device could collect more than 500 effective eggs (insects) per day, which was sufficient to conduct pesticide resistance monitoring of beet armyworm.

[0154] Example 4: The Importance of Different Attracting Factors in the Egg Collector of the Present Invention for the Collection of Spodoptera litura Egg Masses

[0155] In this embodiment, to further enhance the attraction effect on insects (Spodoptera litura) and improve the collection efficiency of insect egg masses (Spodoptera litura egg masses), a comparative screening experiment was conducted on different combinations of attraction factors in the egg collector. The following 12 control treatment groups were set up (in this embodiment, except for the conditions in the different treatment groups below, the other conditions are the optimal conditions in Example 1):

[0156] 1. Treatment A: Insect egg collection bucket + LED light, the light intensity of the LED light is 4 watts;

[0157] 2. Treatment B: Insect egg collection bucket + LED light, the light intensity of the LED light is 2 watts;

[0158] 3. Treatment C: Insect egg collection bucket + LED light, the light intensity of the LED light is 6 watts;

[0159] 4. Treatment D: Insect egg collection bucket + water (flavor source bucket) + plant-derived attractant (4mL of fresh tender asparagus juice, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0160] 5. Treatment E: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + plant-derived attractant (4mL of fresh tender asparagus juice, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0161] 6. Treatment F: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + synergist (cis-3-hexene acetate, 10mg / L, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0162] 7. Treatment G: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + synergist (trans-2-hexenal, 10mg / L, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0163] 8. Treatment H: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + synergist (3-butenyl isothiocyanate, 10mg / L, evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube);

[0164] 9. Treatment I: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant (mixture), the attractant is: a mixture of plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of tender asparagus) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10mg / L), wherein the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, in this embodiment, it is specifically 1:2; the mixture is evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube;

[0165] 10. Treatment J: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant, the attractant is: plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of tender asparagus) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10mg / L), wherein the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, in this embodiment, it is specifically 1:2; the plant-derived attractant and synergist are evenly and alternately coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube;

[0166] 11. Treatment K: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant (mixture) + LED light. The attractant is a mixture of plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of tender asparagus) and synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10mg / L). The volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, specifically 1:2 in this embodiment. The mixture is evenly coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube. The light intensity of the LED light is 4 watts.

[0167] 12. Treatment L: Insect egg collection bucket + sweet and sour solution (flavor source bucket) + attractant + LED light. The attractant is: plant-derived attractant (fresh juice of tender asparagus) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10mg / L), wherein the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist is 1:1-3, specifically 1:2 in this embodiment; the plant-derived attractant and synergist are evenly and alternately coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube; the light intensity of the LED light is 4 watts.

[0168] The following procedures were followed: Since Jiaxing Shuiyuewan Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.'s farm cultivates various crops, and August is also the peak season for the beet armyworm, this invention simultaneously statistically analyzed the collection effects of this device and different attractants on beet armyworm egg masses. Twelve treatment devices (including three replicates) were placed between asparagus growing sheds, approximately 15 meters apart. The egg collection buckets were supported by tripods, roughly level with the ventilation openings on both sides of the sheds. First, cylindrical paper tubes with pre-cut holes were placed into the egg collection buckets, then an LED light was placed in the center of the cylindrical paper tube (with the battery placed on the ground). Egg masses were collected every morning at 8:00 AM for three consecutive days. The types and quantities of various egg masses were counted, and the eggs were bred indoors to determine the hatching rate.

[0169] Table 3 Number of egg masses of *Spodoptera litura*

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (Duncan's new multiple range test, P<0.05).

[0173] The effects of different treatment groups on the collection of Spodoptera litura eggs are shown in Table 3. The results indicate that the egg collector and its accompanying attraction method of this invention have excellent egg mass collection capabilities.

[0174] (1) The results of treatments A to C show that different light intensities have different egg collection capabilities. When the light intensity is 2-6 watts, there is no significant difference in egg collection capability among different groups. However, when the preferred light intensity is 4 watts, the egg collection capability reaches the highest level and the number of eggs attracted is the highest.

[0175] (2) The results of treatments D to E showed that the sugar-vinegar solution had a good insect attraction ability. When water was used instead of the sugar-vinegar solution, the attraction effect on adult insects was poor. This indicates that the specific chemical components and odor characteristics contained in the sugar-vinegar solution play a crucial role in attracting insects. The sugar and acidic substances in the sugar-vinegar solution may form unique chemical signals that can be keenly perceived and recognized by insects, thereby triggering their directional behavior. Water lacks these specific chemical components and odor information, and cannot effectively activate the insects' sensory system and foraging instinct, resulting in a reduced attraction effect on adult insects.

[0176] (3) The results of treatments E to J showed that different attractants had different abilities to collect egg masses. When only sugar-vinegar solution was used in combination with a single plant-derived attractant or synergist, the attraction effect on adults was not good. This indicates that a single attractant is not attractive enough to adults. However, when plant-derived attractants and synergists were mixed, the attraction effect on adults was enhanced compared to a single attractant. This indicates that adding sugar-vinegar solution and a suitable synergist has a certain synergistic effect on egg mass collection.

[0177] However, when plant-derived attractants and synergists were evenly and alternately coated on the inner wall of the cylindrical tube, the attraction effect on adult insects was actually enhanced compared to a mixture of plant-derived attractants and synergists. This may be because, on the one hand, the alternating coating may lead to higher concentrations of plant-derived attractants and synergists in localized areas, which conforms to the concentration-dependent characteristics of chemical signal transduction. Higher concentrations of signal molecules are more easily perceived and responded to by adult insects, thus enhancing the attraction. On the other hand, the components in the mixture may dilute each other, reducing the concentration of the effective components and weakening their signal intensity, thereby affecting the attraction of adult insects. On the one hand, in a mixture, the molecules of plant-derived attractants and synergists may compete for binding sites with adults. Interval coating reduces this competition, allowing each to function more effectively. This enables the synergist to more precisely enhance the odor characteristics of the plant-derived attractant, thus improving the attraction effect on adults. Simultaneously, while plant-derived attractants and synergists can exert a certain synergistic effect in a mixture, interval coating may create conditions more favorable for their synergistic effect. This specific arrangement may make it easier for adults to perceive the presence of the attractant and synergist, improving the attraction effect. Therefore, simply mixing attractants and synergists together does not necessarily achieve the best results. Instead, it requires in-depth research and optimization of their combination and coating strategies to maximize the attraction effect on adults and thus maximize egg collection capacity. This is because the perception and behavioral response mechanisms of insects are very complex, requiring comprehensive consideration of the influence of multiple factors and precise regulation and optimization to achieve the best attraction effect.

[0178] In this embodiment, the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant and the synergist was also screened. The results showed that when the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant (fresh asparagus juice) to the synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10 mg / L) was between 1:1 and 3, it had a good attraction ability for adult beet armyworms. The attraction ability reached its maximum when the volume ratio was 1:2, which may be because different ratios produce different effects. When the volume ratio is appropriate, the synergist can fully enhance the effect of the plant-derived attractant, making its released odor signal stronger and more attractive. If the proportion of the synergist is too low, it may not be able to fully exert its enhancing effect; while if the proportion is too high, it may, to some extent, mask or interfere with the original attraction of the plant-derived attractant to insects, or produce some unpredictable effects. Therefore, in this embodiment, the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant to the synergist was selected as 1:1-3, preferably 1:2.

[0179] (4) The results of treatments I to L showed that, compared with treatments I and J, the egg collection ability of the egg collector was significantly enhanced after the addition of the insect-attracting light source. This indicates that the combination of a suitable insect-attracting light source + sweet and sour solution (flavoring container) + attractant (plant-derived attractant (fresh asparagus juice) + synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10 mg / L)) has the most attractive activity, indicating that the combination of a suitable attractant (plant-derived attractant + synergist) has a significant enhancing effect on the egg collection ability of the insect-attracting light source. Meanwhile, treatment A had the second best attraction effect, indicating that the insect-attracting light source plays a significant role in attracting adults to lay eggs.

[0180] Meanwhile, the hatching rate analysis of Spodoptera litura egg masses showed that the indoor hatching rate of egg masses collected from the 13 treatments was 62-91%, which met the expected hatching rate. In treatment L, one device could collect more than 450 effective eggs (insects) per day, which was sufficient to conduct drug resistance monitoring of Spodoptera litura.

[0181] Example 5: The Importance of Different Enhancers in the Insect Egg Collector of the Present Invention for the Collection of Egg Masses of Different Insects

[0182] Based on the effects of different attractants on the collection of egg masses of different insects, it was found that different synergists have completely different effects on the egg mass collection ability of different insects.

[0183] For the fall armyworm, when the attractant applied to the inner wall of a cylindrical tube consisted of a plant-derived attractant (fresh corn sap) and a synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: nonanal (mass ratio) = 1:0.5:2, 10 mg / L), the attraction and egg collection abilities of the attractant and synergist were maximized when the volume ratio of the plant-derived attractant to the synergist was 1:2, with over 300 effective eggs collected daily. However, when 3-butenyl isothiocyanate was used instead of nonanal, the attraction ability of the attractant to the fall armyworm decreased significantly, and the egg collection ability also decreased significantly, with only about 110 effective eggs collected daily. This may be because the fall armyworm exhibits different sensitivities and tropisms to different chemical substances. Nononal or similar structural chemicals may have specific sites of action or signal transduction pathways in the olfactory perception mechanism of the fall armyworm, thus attracting it more effectively. However, 3-butenyl isothiocyanate may not bind well to the corresponding receptors in the fall armyworm or activate the corresponding neural signals, leading to a decrease in its attractiveness. Alternatively, the odor characteristics of 3-butenyl isothiocyanate may not match the odors associated with the fall armyworm's natural food sources or habitat, making it difficult for the fall armyworm to recognize it as favorable information, thereby reducing its attractiveness and ultimately significantly decreasing its egg collection ability. Furthermore, the attractant's ability to attract fall armyworms decreases when the proportions of the components in the synergist change. A good attractant ability for fall armyworms or other similar insects is achieved when the mass ratio of 3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal:nonanal is in the range of 1-3:0.5-1.5:2-6.

[0184] For the beet armyworm and the cotton bollworm, when the attractant applied to the inner wall of the cylindrical tube was a mixture of plant-derived attractant (fresh asparagus juice) and synergist (cis-3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (mass ratio) = 20:5:1, 10 mg / L), the attraction and egg collection abilities of both beet armyworm and cotton bollworm were maximized when the volume ratio of plant-derived attractant to synergist was 1:2, with daily effective egg collection exceeding 500 and 450 eggs respectively. However, when nonanal was used to replace 3-butenyl isothiocyanate, the attraction ability of the attractant to beet armyworm and cotton bollworm was significantly reduced, and the egg collection ability was also significantly reduced, with daily effective egg collection only around 150 eggs. This may be because nonanal and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate have different sites of action or signal transduction pathways in the olfactory perception mechanisms of the beet armyworm and the cotton bollworm. 3-Butenyl isothiocyanate, and compounds with similar structural properties, may bind more effectively to the corresponding receptors in the beet armyworm and the cotton bollworm or activate the corresponding neural signals, thereby enhancing their attractiveness. Nonanal, on the other hand, may not bind well to these receptors or activate the corresponding signals, leading to a decrease in its ability to attract beet armyworms and the cotton bollworm. Furthermore, the attractant's ability to attract fall armyworm also decreases when the proportions of the components in the synergist change; a good attraction ability for beet armyworms, cotton bollworms, or other similar insects is achieved when the mass ratio of 3-hexenyl acetate: trans-2-hexenal: 3-butenyl isothiocyanate is in the range of 18-22:2-8:0.5-2.

[0185] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. An attractant, characterized in that, The attractant consists of a sugar-vinegar solution, a plant-derived attractant, and a synergist; the plant-derived attractant is fresh juice from corn plants; the synergist consists of cis-3-hexene acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and nonanal; the attractant is used to attract fall armyworm.

2. An attractant, characterized in that, The attractant consists of a sweet and sour solution, a plant-derived attractant, and a synergist; the plant-derived attractant is fresh juice from tender asparagus; the synergist consists of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate; the attractant is used to attract beet armyworm and / or cotton bollworm.

3. The attractant as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the attractant is the attractant according to claim 1, the mass ratio of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and nonanal is 1-3:0.5-1.5:2-6; when the attractant is the attractant according to claim 2, the mass ratio of cis-3-hexenyl acetate, trans-2-hexenal, and 3-butenyl isothiocyanate is 18-22:2-8:0.5-2.

4. An automatic insect egg collection device, characterized in that, It includes an insect egg collection bucket and an aroma source bucket, which are combined into a detachable integrated structure for automatically attracting insects and automatically collecting insect eggs; The insect egg collection bucket is used to automatically attract insects, collect insect egg masses, and allow insects to move freely. The flavor source bucket is used to automatically attract insects and improve the ability to attract insects in the insect egg collection bucket; The automatic egg collection device includes an attractant as described in any one of claims 1-3.

5. The automatic egg collection device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The insect egg collection bucket includes a lid and an egg-laying bucket, with a cylindrical tube detachably fixed in the center of the egg-laying bucket; the lid and the egg-laying bucket are combined into a detachable integrated structure, and the lid is detachably fixed above the egg-laying bucket to cooperate with the egg-laying bucket to form a relatively closed space to prevent insects from escaping.

6. The automatic egg collection device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The egg-laying barrel has elongated insect-entry holes distributed on its walls. These holes are equidistant and evenly distributed to provide entry channels for insects, facilitating their entry into the egg-laying barrel. The bottom of the egg-laying barrel has 10-30 small holes to release odors to attract insects, while also facilitating air circulation and the drainage of excess moisture.

7. The automatic egg collection device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The automatic insect egg collection device also includes an insect-attracting light source, which is detachably installed in the center of a cylindrical tube. The cylindrical tube divides the egg-laying barrel into an insect-attracting light source area, an insect activity area, and an insect egg-laying area. After the insects are attracted to the insect activity area, they lay their eggs in the insect egg-laying area.

8. The automatic egg collection device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The cylindrical tube has eight rows of round holes on its side surface. These holes are evenly spaced and arranged vertically, which allows light to escape from the insect-attracting light source area while preventing insects from entering. This allows insects to gather in large numbers in the insect activity area, facilitating the collection of egg masses.

9. A method for attracting insect eggs to an automatic insect egg collection device, characterized in that, The method, which employs an automatic egg collection device as described in any one of claims 4-8 to attract insects, includes the following steps: (1) Add an attractant to the flavor source container; (2) Place the automatic insect egg collection device in the field between the plants, above the top of the plants; (3) Collect egg masses and count the types, quantities and hatching rates of egg masses.

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