A biological control wettable powder and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological control wettable powder and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of pesticides. The wettable powder disclosed in the invention comprises the following components in percentage: 20-30wt.%, 11-13wt.%, 9-11wt.%, 0.5-2wt.%, and the remainder is a carrier of spore powder of FSR-74 of spherical chaetocystis. The invention discloses the application of the above-mentioned wettable powder in the preparation of medicines for preventing and treating common diseases of ginseng, including ginseng root rot, ginseng damping-off and ginseng rust rot. The wettable powder of the invention is confirmed by outdoor potted plant experiments, and its prevention effect on ginseng root rot, rust rot and damping-off reaches 85.76%, 83.33% and 78.00% respectively, and the prevention and control effect is more prominent, and it has good application prospects in ginseng disease prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular relates to a biocontrol wettable powder and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ginseng Panaxginseng CAMeyer is a perennial herbaceous medicinal plant of the genus Panax in the Araliaceae family, mainly distributed in China, the Korean Peninsula, Japan, Russia, etc. Northeast China is the main production area of ​​ginseng in my country, and there is a large area of ​​ginseng cultivation in the foothills of Changbai Mountain. However, due to the special geographical location of the region, the perennial low temperature and humidity easily cause the occurrence of various soil-borne diseases of ginseng, such as ginseng root rot, rust rot, damping-off, black spot, etc. At present, the management strategy of ginseng fungal diseases still mainly relies on chemical approaches, which have the advantages of easy operation and fast onset, but the long-term excessive use of chemical pesticides has caused pesticide residues, soil quality decline, and harm to human health. Problems have become increasingly prominent. Biological control approaches can reduce or inhibit the spread of ginseng fungal diseases, and have environmentally friendly characteristics such as green and safe, which meets the GAP production requirements of traditional Chinese medicine. It is one of the most ideal disease control methods at present, and is of great significance to the ecological sustainable development of ginseng planting industry.

[0003] Wettable powder is the main dosage form of microbial pesticides in my country. It is widely used in production because of its easy production, high content of active ingredients, convenient transportation, low production cost, etc. Therefore, providing a wettable powder for the prevention and treatment of common ginseng diseases has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0004] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a biocontrol wettable powder containing spore powder of Chaetomium globosum, which can be used for the prevention and treatment of common diseases of ginseng.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the wettable powder.

[0006] The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the wettable powder.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The invention discloses a biological control wettable powder, which comprises the following components in percentage: 20-30wt.%, spore powder of Chaetomium globosum FSR-74, 11-13wt.%, dispersant, 9-11wt.%, wetting agent, 0.5-2wt.%, ultraviolet protective agent and the balance is carrier.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, spore powder of Chaetocystis sphericalensis FSR-74 is 25 wt.%, wetting agent is 9 wt.%, dispersant is 11 wt.%, UV protective agent is 1 wt.%, and carrier is 54 wt.%.

[0010] The Chaetomium globosum FSR-74 of the invention has a preservation name of Chaetomium globosum FSR-74 and a classification name of Chaetomium globosum. The preservation unit is: General Microbiological Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Administration Committee, the preservation date is: September 19, 2014, the preservation number is: CGMCC No.9690, and the preservation address is: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the carrier includes at least one of bentonite, diatomaceous earth, and starch, preferably diatomaceous earth.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the wetting agent includes pull-apart powder and / or polyethylene glycol, preferably pull-apart powder.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the dispersant is sodium tripolyphosphate.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the UV protectant comprises ascorbic acid.

[0015] The invention discloses a method for preparing a biological control wettable powder, which comprises the following steps: preparing various components in proportion, and mixing them evenly to obtain the wettable powder containing spore powder of Chaetomium globosum.

[0016] The invention discloses an application of the wettable powder in preparing medicines for preventing and treating common diseases of ginseng.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the common diseases of ginseng include ginseng root rot, ginseng damping-off, and ginseng rust.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The invention is scientifically designed and ingeniously conceived. The FSR-74 spore powder is used as a main component, and a carrier, a wetting agent, a dispersant, and an ultraviolet protective agent are added to obtain a wettable powder containing FSR-74 spore powder that meets the standard of a pesticide wettable powder. The wettable powder of the invention is confirmed by an outdoor pot plant test to have a prevention effect of 85.76%, 83.33%, and 78.00% on ginseng root rot, rust rot, and damping-off, respectively. Compared with the previously reported Bacillus subtilis FS17 (65.18%), Burkholderia cepacia JA38 (60.77%), and Chaetomium globosum 396 (54.74%), the prevention and control effect is more prominent, and the invention has a good application prospect in the prevention and control of ginseng diseases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the result diagram of the effect of powder content on wetting time;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the result diagram of the effect of spore powder content on wetting time;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the result graph of the effect of sodium tripolyphosphate content on suspension rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are explanations of the present invention rather than limitations. In the embodiments, if specific conditions are not specified, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0024] The spore germination rate determination method in the embodiment of the present invention is: the prepared WP is inoculated into the PD nutrient solution, and after culturing at (25±1)°C and 170r / min for 16h, the number of live spores is counted under a microscope to calculate the live spore rate.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present invention, the wetting time is measured according to GB / T 5451-2001; the suspension rate is measured according to GB / T14825-2006; the pH value is measured with reference to the national standard GB / T 1601-1993; the water content is measured according to GB / T1600-2021; and the fineness is measured according to GB / T16150-1995.

[0026] The preparation method of the spore powder of Chaetomium globosum described in the embodiment of the present invention comprises: inoculating and culturing the FSR-74 strain, scraping the ascocarps when they are full of dark green ascocarps, wherein the Chaetomium spores exist in the ascocarps, crushing the ascocarps to fully disperse the spores, collecting the crushed materials, and obtaining the spore powder of Chaetomium globosum for standby use.

[0027] Preferably, the FSR-74 strain is inoculated into a PDA medium and cultured in a (25±1)°C incubator. Example 1

[0028] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing the wettable powder of the present invention.

[0029] The mixture is mixed in a ratio of 25 wt.% of spore powder of Chaetomium sphericalum, 9 wt.% of powder of Lakai, 11 wt.% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 1 wt.% of ascorbic acid, and 54 wt.% of diatomaceous earth to obtain a wettable powder.

[0030] The wettable powder of this embodiment was measured, and the results showed that the wetting time was 71.00s, the suspension rate was 72.92%, the pH was 7.30, the water content was 2.16wt%, the number of viable spores was 9.17×108CFU·g, and 98% passed through a 200-mesh sieve, which met the various indicators of the microbial pesticide wettable powder.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing the wettable powder of the present invention.

[0033] The mixture is prepared according to the following ratios: 20wt.% of Chaetomium spherical spore powder, 11wt.% of Lakai powder, 11wt.% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.5wt.% of ascorbic acid, and the balance of diatomaceous earth. The mixture is mixed evenly to obtain a wettable powder.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing the wettable powder of the present invention.

[0036] The mixture is prepared according to the following ratios: 30wt.% of Chaetomium spherical spore powder, 10wt.% of Lakai powder, 13wt.% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 2wt.% of ascorbic acid, and the balance of diatomaceous earth. The mixture is mixed evenly to obtain a wettable powder.

[0037] Experimental Example 1 Screening of vectors

[0038] This test example discloses a screening test of the carrier of the wettable powder of the present invention. This test example uses 7 carriers for investigation, namely light calcium carbonate, bentonite, talc, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, starch and white carbon black.

[0039] 1. Biocompatibility determination: Seven carriers were added to PDA culture medium at a concentration of 0.05 g / mL, sterilized at 121°C for 20 min, and then poured into a plate and cooled naturally for use.

[0040] FSR-74 strain was inoculated on PDA medium alone, and the plates were placed in an incubator at (25±1)℃ for culture. The effect of the carrier on the colony diameter of FSR-74 was determined by the cross method at 24h, 48h, and 72h of culture. On the 14th day, the spore production of FSR-74 strain on the culture medium containing different carriers was observed and calculated, and the determination method was ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

[0041] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0042] 2. Determination of wetting time and suspension rate

[0043] Sample preparation: The spore powder was mixed evenly with 7 kinds of sterile carriers at a mass ratio of 15:85, ground into powder, and a mixture of 7 spore powders and carriers was obtained as the sample.

[0044] The wetting time and suspension rate of each sample were measured respectively. The wetting time was repeated 5 times for each treatment, and the suspension rate was repeated 3 times for each treatment. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1 Biocompatibility, wetting time and suspension rate of seven carriers

[0046]

[0047] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard deviation, and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p<0.05 level) as tested by LSD method. Other tables in the embodiments of the present invention are the same as this.

[0048] As shown in Table 1, except for the attapulgite and white carbon black treatment groups, the spore production and mycelial growth rate of FSR-74 were significantly lower than those of the CK control group (p<0.05), the spore production and mycelial growth rate of FSR-74 in the light calcium carbonate, talc, diatomaceous earth, and bentonite treatment groups were higher than those in the control group, with the spore production increasing by 3.45%-32.18% and the mycelial growth rate increasing by 0.83%-11.67%. Further, the wetting time and suspension rate of the carrier were used as evaluation indicators. As shown in Table 1, compared with the light calcium carbonate, talc and other treatment groups, the wetting time of the diatomaceous earth treatment group was the shortest, and although the suspension rate of the white carbon black treatment group was significantly higher than that of the diatomaceous earth treatment group (p<0.05), the wetting time of the white carbon black was too long.

[0049] The carrier accounts for the largest proportion in the wettable powder and has the greatest impact on the performance of the wettable powder. The application found that the spore powder of the spherical shell of the present invention is hydrophobic, and a carrier with good wetting performance needs to be selected. As shown in Table 1, after bentonite, diatomaceous earth, starch and spore powder are mixed and made into powder, the wetting time is short, all of them have good wettability, and have good biocompatibility with the FSR-74 strain, and diatomaceous earth is the best.

[0050] Test Example 2 Screening of Wetting Agents

[0051] This test example discloses a screening test of the wetting agent of the wettable powder of the present invention. This test example first examines the following wetting agents: pulverized powder, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SD-BS), polyethylene glycol and calcium chloride; and then examines the dosage of the preferred wetting agent.

[0052] 1. Screening of wetting agent types

[0053] 1.1 Determination of biocompatibility

[0054] Four wetting agents were added to PDA culture medium at a concentration of 250 μg / mL, sterilized at 121°C for 20 min, and then poured into a plate and cooled naturally for later use.

[0055] FSR-74 strain was inoculated on PDA medium alone, and the plates were placed in an incubator at (25±1)℃ for culture. The effect of wetting agent on the colony diameter of FSR-74 was determined by the cross method at 24h, 48h and 72h of culture. On the 14th day, the spore production of FSR-74 strain on the culture medium containing different wetting agents was observed and calculated, and the determination method was ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

[0056] The results are shown in Table 2.

[0057] 1.2 Determination of wetting time

[0058] Sample preparation: Spore powder, diatomaceous earth and four wetting agents were mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 15:80:5, ground into powder, and the samples were prepared. The wetting time of each sample was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0059] Table 2 Biocompatibility and wetting properties of five wetting agents

[0060] Wetting Agents <![CDATA[Sporulation amount / 10 6 CFU·cm -2 > <![CDATA[Hyphal growth rate / cm·d -1 > Wetting time / s CK 1.42±0.13c 1.14±0.26c 46.20±1.79d Pull open the powder 1.62±0.12bc 1.16±0.13c 29.00±1.00f Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 2.07±0.17a 1.03±0.12d 71.80±1.92a Sodium dodecyl sulfate 1.78±0.10b 1.21±0.06bc 52.80±0.84b Polyethylene glycol 1.48±0.13c 1.26±0.06ab 41.60±1.14e Calcium chloride 0.65±0.11d 1.31±0.09a 50.60±1.52c

[0061] As shown in Table 2, the wetting properties of Lakai powder and polyethylene glycol are better than those of the CK control group, and the spore production and mycelial growth rate of strain FSR-74 are improved compared with the CK control group. Therefore, Lakai powder and polyethylene glycol are selected as the wetting agents, and Lakai powder is preferred.

[0062] 2. Investigation of wetting agent dosage

[0063] The wetting time of the wetting agent with the content of 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% and 11% by weight was investigated. Specifically, 15wt.% of spore powder was added to the wetting agent with 3wt.%, 5wt.%, 7wt.%, 9wt.% and 11wt.% of diatomaceous earth to make up to 100wt.%, mixed evenly, ground into powder, and measured its wetting time to determine the content of the wetting agent.

[0064] The results are as follows Figure 1 When the content of the pull-opening powder is 9wt.%, the wetting time of the wettable powder gradually tends to be stable, and the difference with the content of 11wt.% is not significant (p>0.05), so the content of the pull-opening powder is determined to be 9-11wt.%, preferably 9wt.%.

[0065] Test Example 3 Determination of spore content of Chaetomium globosum FSR-74

[0066] This test example discloses a screening test for the spore content of the chaetocystis globosum FSR-74 of the present invention. According to 9wt.% of the pulverized powder, 15wt.%, 20wt.%, 25wt.%, 30wt.%, and 3wt.5% of the spore powder are added respectively, and 100wt.% of diatomaceous earth is added, mixed evenly, ground into powder, and its wetting time is measured.

[0067] The results are as follows Figure 2 As shown, when the spore powder content is 25wt.%, the wetting time of the wettable powder is 45.60s. Since the wettable powder also needs to add a dispersant and an ultraviolet protective agent, its wetting time will be prolonged. Therefore, in order to maximize the effective ingredients of the wettable powder, the spore powder content is selected to be 20-30wt.%, preferably 25wt.%.

[0068] Test Example 4 Screening of dispersants

[0069] This test example discloses a screening test of the dispersant of the wettable powder of the present invention. This test example first examines the following dispersants: sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), sodium lignin sulfonate, sodium methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate (NNO), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), calcium lignin sulfonate; and then examines the dosage of the preferred dispersant.

[0070] 1. Screening of dispersant types

[0071] 1.1 Determination of biocompatibility

[0072] Five dispersants were added to PDA culture medium at a concentration of 1500 μg / mL, sterilized at 121°C for 20 min, and then poured into a plate and cooled naturally for later use.

[0073] FSR-74 strain was inoculated on PDA medium alone, and the plates were placed in an incubator at (25±1)℃ for culture. The effect of dispersant on the colony diameter of FSR-74 was determined by the cross method at 24h, 48h, and 72h of culture. On the 14th day, the spore production of FSR-74 strain on the culture medium containing different dispersants was observed and calculated, and the determination method was ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

[0074] The results are shown in Table 3.

[0075] 1.2 Determination of wetting time and suspension rate

[0076] Sample preparation: Weigh each substance in the proportion of spore powder 25wt.%, pulverized powder 9wt.%, dispersant 5wt.%, and diatomaceous earth 66wt.%, mix well, grind into powder, and measure the wetting time and suspension rate. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0077] Table 3 Determination of biocompatibility, suspension rate and wetting time of five dispersants

[0078]

[0079] As shown in Table 3, the spore production of FSR-74 strain in the sodium tripolyphosphate treatment group was 2.29×10 6 CFU cm -2 , significantly higher than the CK control group and other dispersant groups (p<0.05); in addition, wetting effect and suspension rate are important indicators for evaluating the quality of wettable powders. Although the suspension rate of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose treatment group was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups (p<0.05), its wetting time was longer by 204.60s, which was higher than the wetting time of microbial pesticide wettable powders specified in the national standard (≤120S). Therefore, sodium tripolyphosphate was selected as the dispersant.

[0080] 2. Dispersant content screening

[0081] Using sodium tripolyphosphate as a dispersant, the suspension rates of 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, and 13% of the mass percentage were investigated. Specifically, 25wt.% of spore powder and 9wt.% of pull powder were added with 3wt.%, 5wt.%, 7wt.%, 9wt.%, 11wt.%, and 13wt.% of sodium tripolyphosphate, and diatomaceous earth was added to make up to 100wt.%, mixed evenly, ground into powder, and the suspension rate was determined.

[0082] The results are attached Figure 3As shown, the content of dispersant affects the suspension rate of wettable powder. The higher the suspension rate, the better the dispersion effect of wettable powder. When the content of sodium tripolyphosphate is 11wt.%, the suspension rate of wettable powder is up to 73.53%, which meets the national standard of microbial pesticide wettable powder with a suspension rate greater than 70%. Therefore, the content of sodium tripolyphosphate is determined to be 11-13wt.%, preferably 11wt.%.

[0083] Test Example 5

[0084] This test example discloses a screening test of the ultraviolet protective agent of the wettable powder of the present invention. The ultraviolet protective agents of this test example are ascorbic acid, dextrin, sodium fluorescein, xanthan gum, and humic acid.

[0085] Ascorbic acid, dextrin, sodium fluorescein, xanthan gum, and humic acid were added to the PDA medium at a concentration of 50 μg / mL, sterilized at 121℃ for 20 minutes, and then poured into a plate for natural cooling before use. The FSR-74 strain was inoculated on the PDA medium alone, and the plate was placed in a (25±1)℃ incubator for culture. The effect of the dispersant on the colony diameter of FSR-74 was determined by the cross method at 24h, 48h, and 72h of culture; on the 14th day, the spore production of the FSR-74 strain on the culture medium containing different dispersants was observed and calculated, and the determination method was ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

[0086] Dilute the spores of Chaetocystis globosum with sterile water to prepare 1×10 7 The spore suspension of Chaetocystis globosum was prepared by mixing it with the same volume of UV protective agent solution (concentration of 1 wt.%), and the mixture of the spore suspension of Chaetocystis globosum and the UV protective agent was diluted to 1×10 3 / mL, 0.1mL of the mixture was applied to the PDA plate, and the mixture of equal volumes of the spore suspension of Chaetocystis globosum and sterile water was used as the control, the one without UV protectant and irradiated with UV lamp was CK1, and the one without UV protectant and irradiated with UV lamp was CK2. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, and after irradiation with UV lamp (30W, light intensity 120Lx) for 5min, it was placed in a (25±1)℃ incubator for dark culture for 40h, and the number of colonies was calculated. Combined with the biocompatibility test of UV protectant and FSR-74 strain, the UV protectant was determined. The results are shown in the following table:

[0087] Table 4 Characteristics of different UV protectants and their biocompatibility determination

[0088] UV Protective Agent <![CDATA[Sporulation amount / 10 6 CFU·cm -2 > <![CDATA[Hyphal growth rate / cm·d -1 > Number of colonies CK1 / / 55.67±3.21d CK2 1.62±0.09a 1.14±0.26c 98.00±5.20a ascorbic acid 1.37±0.08b 1.35±0.15a 85.33±2.52b Fluorescein sodium 1.55±0.13ab 1.19±0.08bc 67.33±4.62c dextrin 0.99±0.17c 1.21±0.14bc 83.00±6.93b Xanthan gum 1.49±0.05ab 1.21±0.11bc 60.33±9.07cd Humic acid 1.34±0.22b 1.25±0.11b 54.67±2.52d

[0089] As shown in Table 4, ultraviolet irradiation has a significant effect on the growth of FSR-74 strain (comparison of colony counts in CK1 and CK2 treatment groups). Among the five ultraviolet protective agents, the best protective performance is the ascorbic acid treatment group. The colony count after 5 minutes of ultraviolet irradiation is higher than that of other ultraviolet irradiation treatment groups. At the same time, the mycelial growth rate of FSR-74 strain is 18.42% higher than that of the CK2 control group. Therefore, ascorbic acid is selected as the ultraviolet protective agent.

[0090] Test Example 6

[0091] In this test example, the wettable powder of the present invention was subjected to an indoor protective effect test.

[0092] Diffusion inhibition test by filter paper method: The wettable powder prepared according to the method of Example 1 was diluted 100 times, 500 times and 800 times with sterile water, and a ginseng pathogen block with a diameter of 7 mm was inoculated in the center of the PDA plate. The filter paper disc was placed at four corners 25 mm away from the center of the plate. 20 μL of the dilution of the wettable powder was slowly dripped on the filter paper disc. After the dilution was absorbed, the plate was placed in a (25±1)°C incubator. The pathogen was inoculated alone on the PDA plate as a blank control. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The size of the inhibition zone was measured when the control group of the Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani treatment groups grew the entire plate. The size of the inhibition zone was measured on the 8th day of the Columnar Sporangium destruction treatment group.

[0093] Table 5 Antibacterial effect of different dilution multiples of FSR-74WP on three diseases

[0094]

[0095] As shown in Table 5, the wettable powder of the present invention exhibited different degrees of inhibition on the mycelial growth of Columnar Sporangium, Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani. The inhibition rates of 100 times, 500 times and 800 times of the wettable powder on Fusarium solani were 61.56%-67.41%; there was no significant difference in the inhibition effect of the wettable powder with different dilution multiples on Rhizoctonia solani and Columnar Sporangium destructum (p>0.05), and the average inhibition rates were 63.01% and 63.88%, respectively.

[0096] Test Example 7

[0097] In this test example, an outdoor pot plant test was carried out on the wettable powder of the present invention.

[0098] The experiment was designed with six treatment groups: (1) clean water control group; (2) FSR-74WP 100-fold dilution; (3) FSR-74WP 500-fold dilution; (4) FSR-74WP 800-fold dilution; (5) carbendazim 500-fold dilution; and (6) Trichoderma harzianum 400-fold dilution.

[0099] Among them, groups (2), (3) and (4) are prepared by diluting the wettable powder prepared according to the method of Example 1 with sterile water by 100 times, 500 times and 800 times, respectively, to obtain FSR-74WP 100 times solution, FSR-74WP 500 times solution and FSR-74WP 800 times solution; group (5) is prepared by diluting carbendazim 500 times with sterile water to obtain carbendazim 500 times solution; group (6) is prepared by diluting Trichoderma harzianum 400 times with sterile water to obtain Trichoderma harzianum 400 times solution.

[0100] Determination of prevention effect: Take three-year-old ginseng seedlings with similar growth and well-developed root system, transplant them into PP plastic pots (with a diameter of 30cm and a height of 28cm), 3 plants per pot, fill them with equal amount of seedling soil and place them under the outdoor ginseng shed, and manage them in a conventional agricultural manner. After the seedlings are established, the root wounding and perfusion method is used for disease susceptibility test. Specifically, a wound with a diameter of about 2 to 3mm is made on one side of the ginseng seedling, 1cm away from the base of the ginseng stem, and then the damaged parts of the ginseng seedlings are inoculated with 50mL / plant of Fusarium solani spore suspension, Columnar spore suspension, and Rhizoctonia solani fermentation liquid. 24 hours after the pathogen was inoculated, 100 times, 500 times and 800 times of FSR-74WP were poured into plastic pots, 50 mL per pot; set up different ginseng disease agents positive control, specifically, 50 mL of 500 times of carbendazim per pot, 50 mL of 400 times of Trichoderma harzianum per pot; set up CK control, specifically, 50 mL of sterile water per pot. As above, 10 pots were treated for 3 times. 30 days after the pathogen was inoculated, the disease situation of ginseng plants in each treatment group was investigated and recorded, and the disease index and control effect were calculated.

[0101] The severity of ginseng root rot is divided into 5 levels, as follows: Level 0: the ginseng roots are completely disease-free; Level 1: there are small lesions or slight burns on the epidermis of the ginseng roots; Level 2: lesions occupy 1 / 5 of the epidermis of the ginseng roots or part of the roots are burnt; Level 3: lesions occupy 1 / 3 of the roots and rot inwards or most of the roots are burnt; Level 4: 1 / 2 of the roots are rotten or only part of the main lateral roots remain; Level 5: more than 1 / 2 of the roots are rotten or only part of the main root remains.

[0102] The severity of ginseng damping-off disease is divided into 4 levels, specifically: Level 0: healthy seedlings; Level 1: local lesions at the stem base and roots; Level 2: lesions appear on 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the stem base and roots; Level 3: lesions appear on 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the stem base and roots; Level 4: death.

[0103] The severity of ginseng rust disease is divided into 4 levels, specifically: Level 0: ginseng roots are disease-free; Level 1: lesions occupy less than 25% of the surface area of ​​ginseng roots; Level 2: lesions occupy 26% to 50% of the surface area of ​​ginseng roots; Level 3: lesions occupy 51% to 75% of the surface area of ​​ginseng roots, and the appearance is seriously affected; Level 4: lesions occupy more than 76% of the surface area of ​​ginseng roots or are completely rotten.

[0104] The disease index and prevention efficacy were calculated according to the following formulas.

[0105] Disease index (%) = [∑ (number of diseased plants × representative value) / (total number of plants × highest diseased representative value)] × 100%

[0106] Preventive effect (%) = (control disease index - treatment disease index) / control disease index × 100%

[0107] Table 6 The control effect of different treatments on ginseng rust, root rot and damping-off

[0108]

[0109] The results showed that the control effects of FSR-74WP 100 times solution and FSR-74WP 500 times solution on ginseng rust were 83.33% and 78.57%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of carbendazim 500 times solution and Trichoderma harzianum 400 times solution (p<0.05), and the control effect was increased by more than 43.48%. The control effect of FSR-74WP 800 times solution on ginseng rust was not significantly different from that of carbendazim (p>0.05). Compared with ginseng rust and damping-off, FSR-74WP had a better control effect on root rot, with a control effect of 70.59% to 85.29%, and the control effect was increased by more than 9.10% compared with that of carbendazim 500 times solution. FSR-74WP at each dilution concentration showed a certain control effect on ginseng damping-off, among which FSR-74WP The protective effect of 100 times dilution was 78%, which was not significantly different from the treatment of 500 times dilution of carbendazim (p>0.05).

[0110] The wettable powder of the present invention has good prevention and control effects on ginseng rust rot, root rot and damping-off.

[0111] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it, and certainly not to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications that have no substantial significance on the main design concept and spirit of the present invention, which solve technical problems consistent with the present invention, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention; in addition, the direct or indirect application of the technical solution of the present invention in other related technical fields should also be included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of a biological control wettable powder in the preparation of a drug for preventing and controlling common diseases of ginseng, characterized in that: The biological control wettable powder comprises the following components in percentage: 20-30wt.% of spore powder of Chaetocystis globosum FSR-74, 11-13wt.% of dispersant, 9-11wt.% of wetting agent, 0.5-2wt.% of ultraviolet protective agent, and the balance is carrier; The dispersant is sodium tripolyphosphate; the wetting agent is powder and / or polyethylene glycol; the UV protectant is ascorbic acid; the carrier is at least one of bentonite, diatomaceous earth and starch; The common diseases of ginseng include ginseng root rot, ginseng damping-off and ginseng rust.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in percentage: 25wt.% of spore powder of Chaetomium sphericalum FSR-74, 9wt.% of a wetting agent, 11wt.% of a dispersant, 1wt.% of an ultraviolet protective agent, and 54wt.% of a carrier.

3. The use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The carrier is diatomaceous earth.

4. The use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wetting agent is pull-opening powder.

5. The use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The biological control wettable powder comprises the following steps: preparing various components in proportion and mixing them evenly to obtain a wettable powder containing spore powder of Chaetomium globosum; The preparation method of the spore powder of Chaetomium globosum comprises: inoculating and culturing the FSR-74 strain, scraping the ascocarps when they are full of dark green ascocarps, wherein the Chaetomium spores exist in the ascocarps; crushing the ascocarps to fully disperse the spores, and collecting the crushed materials to obtain the spore powder of Chaetomium globosum.

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