High-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation percussion drill

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of impactors for drilling, and particularly to a high-energy and high-frequency hydraulic direct circulation impactor. A valve member and a valve driving flow passage are provided on an inner cylinder. The valve member is configured to be driven to perform vertical linear sliding relative to an upper body part based on a hydraulic pressure difference, so as to cut off and open a liquid inlet passage for upper liquid. Since the valve member realizes switching by adopting a linear sliding motion mode, which can be achieved based on the pressure difference at both ends of the valve member of the hydraulic impactor, the problem of rapid wear caused by the inadaptability of the central rotary valve type hydraulic impactor to the hydraulic pressure difference at both ends of the valve core is solved, and the service life of the impactor is significantly extended.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hydraulic impactor for drilling, and particularly to a high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor, which is applicable to various boreholes for rapid drilling in hard rock. Background Art

[0002] The core tool of the hydraulic impact rotary drilling technology is the hydraulic down-the-hole hammer, also known as the hydraulic impactor. This technology has the advantages of long footage per round trip, long bit life, good borehole quality, few down-hole accidents, and wide application range. However, compared with the air down-the-hole hammer rotary drilling technology, the impact frequency and average drilling speed of the hydraulic impactor are still slightly insufficient.

[0003] In the prior art, the patent CN113585960A named central rotary valve type hydraulic impactor uses a central rotary valve structure to achieve high-frequency and high-speed movement of the piston of the hydraulic impactor. However, since the upper and lower cavities of the central rotary valve are respectively located at the high-pressure end and the low-pressure end, the central rotary valve is subjected to an unbalanced pressure, and serious wear will occur on the end face of the central rotary valve after being used for a period of time, resulting in phenomena such as jamming of its rotation action and discontinuous impact, and its working life is short, still unable to meet the engineering requirements.

[0004] Another Chinese patent document CN115961880A discloses a high-energy high-frequency impactor. Its upper joint is connected to the outer cylinder by threads, the lower end of the outer cylinder is connected to the spline sleeve by threads, the spline of the drill bit is matched with the spline groove on the spline sleeve and is provided with a semi-circular clamp. Inside the outer cylinder, the seal sleeve, cylinder sleeve, inner cylinder and gland are hermetically butted in sequence from bottom to top; the upper part of the piston is slidably sealed inside the inner cylinder, the middle part of the piston passes through the cylinder sleeve with a gap, the lower part of the piston is radially reduced and extends out to contact the top surface of the drill bit after being slidably sealed by the seal sleeve; the lower center pipe is slidably and hermetically inserted into the central hole of the piston, the top cap of the lower center pipe forms an interference fit with the inner cylinder, the lower pipe barrel of the upper center pipe is hermetically butted with the upper pipe orifice of the lower center pipe by interference, and the valve core is slidably sealed between the outer periphery of the middle part of the upper center pipe and the joint part of the gland and the inner cylinder; the upper part of the upper center pipe passes through the central hole of the gland. Although this patent can improve the service life of the valve core, increase the cross-sectional area of the fluid passage controlled by the valve core, and overcome the radial vibration of the drill body, due to its complex structure surface and many sealing mating surfaces, there are technical problems of difficult processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-energy high-frequency impactor based on valve control, using high-pressure water as the pressure medium, to provide a technical solution for the efficient drilling of hard rock and solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] The present invention discloses a high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor, which includes an outer cylinder and an impact piston disposed within the outer cylinder. The impact piston is capable of being operated to perform axial reciprocating motion relative to the outer cylinder. It further includes an inner cylinder, which is axially positioned inside the outer cylinder. The impact piston is at least partially located within the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder includes an upper body portion and a lower body portion that axially abuts and cooperates with the upper body portion. The upper piston section of the impact piston is received within the piston receiving cavity of the upper body portion, and the space between the upper end of the impact piston and the bottom of the piston receiving cavity forms an upper liquid cavity; a lower liquid cavity is formed between the lower piston section of the impact piston near the bottom of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the lower body portion.

[0007] In the high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor according to the present invention, a lower liquid inlet passage and an upper liquid inlet passage are provided on the upper body portion. The lower liquid inlet passage is used to introduce fluid into the lower liquid cavity, and the upper liquid inlet passage is used to introduce fluid into the upper liquid cavity. A valve member and a valve driving flow passage are also provided. The valve member is configured to be driven to perform vertical linear sliding relative to the upper body portion based on a hydraulic pressure difference to cut off and open the upper liquid inlet passage; the valve driving flow passage is configured to be switched and communicated between the lower liquid cavity and a valve pressure relief flow passage provided on the impact piston based on the axial movement of the impact piston; in the initial state of the impactor, the valve driving flow passage is connected to the valve pressure relief flow passage so that the valve member remains in the initial position where the upper liquid inlet passage is cut off. When the impact piston is driven upward due to the hydraulic pressure difference between the lower liquid cavity and the upper liquid cavity, the valve driving flow passage can be connected to the lower liquid cavity, so that the valve member generates an upward linear movement under the action of hydraulic pressure that can open the upper liquid inlet passage.

[0008] In the high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor according to the present invention, the upper liquid inlet passage includes a first liquid flow passage located at the end of the upper body portion, a liquid inlet cavity located inside the upper body portion, and a second liquid flow passage provided on the side wall of the upper body portion. The valve member is disposed within the liquid inlet cavity. In the initial position, the valve member cuts off the communication between the liquid inlet cavity and the first liquid flow passage. During the upward linear movement of the valve member under the action of hydraulic pressure, communication can be formed between the liquid inlet cavity and the first liquid flow passage; the second liquid flow passage is constantly communicated with the liquid inlet cavity and the upper liquid cavity respectively.

[0009] In the present invention, the so-called "upper" and "lower" are relative based on the drilling direction of the drill bit body. That is, relatively speaking, the position facing or close to the drilling direction of the drill bit body can be designated as the lower side, while the position facing away from or far from the drilling direction of the drill bit body can be designated as the upper side.

[0010] In the present invention, since the valve member is configured to be able to generate linear sliding based on the axial movement of the impact piston, this can be achieved by means of the hydraulic pressure difference that is inevitably formed during the operation of the hydraulic impactor. Specifically, in the initial state of the impactor, the valve drive flow passage is in communication with the valve pressure relief flow passage. At this time, the valve member is located at its initial position, that is, at the position where the upper liquid inlet passage is disconnected. When the high-pressure liquid enters the lower liquid chamber from the lower liquid inlet passage, the lower liquid chamber will gradually build up pressure, thereby forcing the impact piston to generate an axial upward movement. As the impact piston moves upward, until the lower liquid chamber forms a communication with the valve drive flow passage through the intermediate flow passage (such as the fifth liquid flow passage mentioned below), at this time, the fluid will build up pressure in the valve drive flow passage, so that the valve member can be pushed to generate an axial upward movement; when the valve member moves upward to a certain stroke, specifically, when it moves to the position where the upper liquid inlet passage is opened, the high-pressure liquid will enter the upper liquid chamber through the upper liquid inlet passage, thereby building up pressure in the upper liquid chamber until a hydraulic pressure difference is formed between the upper liquid chamber and the lower liquid chamber, and then it can push the piston to generate an upward deceleration and a downward acceleration movement, thereby impacting the drill bit body; when the impact piston moves downward to the original initial position, the above process is repeated again, and so on, thereby realizing the continuous drilling of the drill bit body.

[0011] By means of the inevitable hydraulic pressure difference in the hydraulic impactor of the present invention, the valve member adopts a linear sliding motion mode to achieve switching, solving the problem of rapid wear caused by the non - adaptation of the central rotary valve type hydraulic impactor to the hydraulic pressure difference at both ends of the valve core, and significantly extending the service life of the impactor.

[0012] In the high - energy high - frequency hydraulic positive - circulation impactor according to the present invention, the outer side of the upper part of the valve member is in circumferentially tight fit with the inner wall of the first liquid flow passage. An overflow liquid passage is provided inside the valve member, which is always in communication with the first liquid flow passage; in the initial position, the overflow liquid passage is disconnected from the liquid inlet chamber, and during the upward linear movement of the valve member under the action of hydraulic pressure, the overflow liquid passage can form a communication with the liquid inlet chamber.

[0013] In addition, a concave transition chamber is provided at the bottom of the valve member. The transition chamber is in communication with its own overflow liquid passage. During the upward linear movement of the valve member under the action of hydraulic pressure, the overflow liquid passage forms a communication with the liquid inlet chamber through the transition chamber.

[0014] In the high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor according to the present invention, the impactor further includes an upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path, and the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path includes a first pressure relief flow channel provided on the upper body part and a second pressure relief flow channel formed by the gap between the upper body part and the outer cylinder; wherein, in the initial state of the impactor, the first pressure relief flow channel is kept in communication with the liquid inlet chamber of the upper liquid inlet passage; during the process of the valve member generating an upward linear motion under the action of hydraulic pressure, the communication between the first pressure relief flow channel and the liquid inlet chamber can be cut off, and at this time, a communication is formed between the liquid inlet chamber and the first liquid flow channel, so that high-pressure liquid can enter the upper liquid chamber.

[0015] In the initial state of the impactor, the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path is kept in an open state, that is, before the impact piston just starts to generate an upward axial motion until the upper liquid inlet passage is opened, the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path remains in an open state, which can enable the fluid in the upper liquid chamber to form a pressure relief flow through the second liquid flow channel, the liquid inlet chamber and the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path when the impact piston just starts to generate an axial upward motion under the pressure accumulation in the lower liquid chamber, so as to ensure that the impact piston can be smoothly and smoothly pushed upward.

[0016] That is to say, in the present invention, the valve member can not only play the role of disconnecting and opening the upper liquid inlet passage, but also can simultaneously cut off and open the communication between the liquid inlet chamber in the upper liquid inlet passage and the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path. That is, the function of a double switch is realized through one valve member.

[0017] Similarly, in the present invention, the liquid inlet chamber and the second liquid flow channel in the upper liquid inlet passage also have a dual function, and both of them constitute a part of the upper liquid inlet passage and also a part of the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path.

[0018] In the high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor according to the present invention, a sink is formed at the bottom of the liquid inlet chamber, the bottom of the valve member falls into the sink, and in the initial state, it forms a tight fit with the wall of the sink to cut off the communication between the first liquid flow channel and the liquid inlet chamber.

[0019] In the high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor according to the present invention, a chute communicating with the valve driving flow channel is provided on the upper body part at the sink, and a downwardly extending guiding slider is provided at the bottom of the valve member, and the guiding slider is received in the chute.

[0020] In the high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor according to the present invention, the lower liquid inlet passage includes a third liquid flow channel formed on the side wall of the upper body part and a fourth liquid flow channel formed by the gap between the impact piston and the lower body part of the inner cylinder, and the third liquid flow channel, the fourth liquid flow channel and the lower liquid chamber are kept in constant communication from top to bottom.

[0021] In the high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor according to the present invention, a part of the upper piston section of the impact piston is in close fit with the inner wall of the piston receiving cavity and can slide relative to each other; another part of the upper piston section of the impact piston has a gap with the inner wall of the piston receiving cavity to form a fifth liquid flow channel, and the fifth liquid flow channel, the fourth liquid flow channel, and the lower liquid cavity are kept in constant communication from top to bottom.

[0022] In the high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor according to the present invention, it further includes a liquid inlet joint attached to the liquid inlet end of the outer cylinder and a flow dividing member arranged in the liquid inlet joint and abutted against the top end of the upper body part of the inner cylinder. The flow dividing member divides the inner cavity of the liquid inlet joint into an upper liquid inlet initial liquid path and a lower liquid inlet initial liquid path. The upper liquid inlet initial liquid path is kept in constant communication with the first liquid flow channel, and the lower liquid inlet initial liquid path is kept in communication with the lower liquid inlet passage.

[0023] In the high-energy high-frequency hydraulic positive circulation impactor according to the present invention, the upper liquid inlet initial liquid path is formed by the internal space of the flow dividing member, and the lower liquid inlet initial liquid path is formed by the gap between the flow dividing member and the liquid inlet joint.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The present invention constructs a high-frequency high-energy hydraulic positive circulation impactor using high-pressure water as the power medium, which has the remarkable advantages of large final piston impact velocity and high impact frequency, significantly improving the drilling efficiency. At the same time, the valve member realizes the switching by adopting a linear sliding motion mode, which can be achieved based on the pressure difference at both ends of the valve member of the hydraulic impactor, solving the problem of rapid wear caused by the non-adaptability of the central rotary valve type hydraulic impactor to the hydraulic pressure difference at both ends of the valve core, and significantly extending the service life of the impactor.

[0025] The high-frequency high-energy hydraulic positive circulation impactor of the present invention will be disclosed in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the drawings and the reference numerals. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 Shows the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 Is Figure 1 The enlarged view at A in

[0028] Reference Numerals

[0029] 1 outer cylinder, 2 impact piston, 3 upper body part, 4 lower body part, 5 upper liquid cavity, 6 lower liquid cavity, 7 valve member, 8 valve driving flow channel, 9 valve pressure relief flow channel, 10 first liquid flow channel, 11 transition cavity, 12 liquid inlet cavity, 13 second liquid flow channel, 14 overflow liquid flow channel, 15 first pressure relief flow channel, 16 second pressure relief flow channel, 17 guiding sliding head, 18 third liquid flow channel, 19 fourth liquid flow channel, 20 fifth liquid flow channel, 21 liquid inlet joint, 22 flow splitting member, 23 upper liquid inlet initial liquid path, 24 lower liquid inlet initial liquid path, 25 sealing sleeve, 26 lower joint, 27 drill bit body.

[0030] 201 upper piston section, 202 lower piston section. Detailed implementation manner

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0033] Figure 1 The overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged view at A in

[0034] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the impactor of the present invention includes an air inlet joint 21, an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder, an impact piston 2, a lower joint 26 and a drill bit body 27, and also includes a flow splitting member 22 and a valve member 7. Among them, the air inlet joint 21 is connected to the outer cylinder 1 through a mating thread. The inner cylinder includes an upper body part 3, a lower body part 4 and a sealing sleeve 25 connected to the lower body part 4 and axially positioned on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1. The upper body part 3, the lower body part 4 and the sealing sleeve 25 are respectively installed in the outer cylinder 1 through clearance fits, and the axial positions are fixed by the steps on the outer cylinder 1 through the air inlet joint 21; the impact piston 2 is installed in the inner cylinder through a sliding fit, and the lower end extends out of the sealing sleeve 25. The overall axial position of the inner cylinder is fixed by the flow splitting member 22 and the air inlet joint 21. The valve member 7 is installed in the upper body part 3 of the inner cylinder through an interference fit and is restricted in the axial movement position by the upper body part 3; the sealing sleeve 25 and the lower joint 26 are sequentially installed in the outer cylinder 1, and the axial position is fixed by the lower joint 26; the lower joint 26 is connected to the outer cylinder 1 through a thread.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, the inner cylinder includes an upper body portion 3 and a lower body portion 4 that axially abuts and cooperates with the upper body portion 3. The upper piston section of the impact piston 2 is received in the piston receiving cavity of the upper body portion 3, and the space between the upper end of the impact piston 2 and the bottom of the piston receiving cavity forms an upper liquid cavity 5; a lower liquid cavity 6 is formed between the lower piston section of the impact piston 2 near the bottom of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the lower body portion 4. Moreover, a lower liquid inlet passage and an upper liquid inlet passage are provided on the upper body portion 3, wherein the lower liquid inlet passage is used to introduce fluid into the lower liquid cavity 6, and the upper liquid inlet passage is used to introduce fluid into the upper liquid cavity 5. A valve member 7 and a valve driving flow passage 8 are further provided on the upper body portion 3. The valve member 7 is configured to be driven to perform a vertical linear sliding relative to the upper body portion 3 based on a hydraulic pressure difference to cut off and open the upper liquid inlet passage; the valve driving flow passage 8 is configured to be switched and communicated between the lower liquid cavity 6 and a valve pressure relief flow passage 9 provided on the impact piston 2 based on the axial movement of the impact piston 2; in the initial state of the impactor, the valve driving flow passage 8 is communicated with the valve pressure relief flow passage 9 so that the valve member 7 is maintained at the initial position where the upper liquid inlet passage is cut off. When the impact piston 2 is driven to move upward due to the hydraulic pressure difference between the lower liquid cavity 6 and the upper liquid cavity 5, the valve driving flow passage 8 can be communicated with the lower liquid cavity 6 so that the valve member 7 generates an upward linear movement under the action of the hydraulic pressure to open the upper liquid inlet passage.

[0036] Since the valve member 7 is configured to be linearly slidable based on the axial movement of the impact piston 2, this can be achieved by means of the hydraulic pressure difference that is inevitably formed during the operation of the hydraulic impactor. Specifically, in the initial state of the impactor, the valve driving flow passage 8 is communicated with the valve pressure relief flow passage 9. At this time, the valve member 7 is located at its initial position, that is, at the position where the upper liquid inlet passage is disconnected. When high-pressure liquid enters the lower liquid cavity 6 from the lower liquid inlet passage, the lower liquid cavity 6 will gradually build up pressure, thereby forcing the impact piston 2 to generate an axial upward movement. As the impact piston 2 moves upward, until the lower liquid cavity 6 is communicated with the valve driving flow passage 8 through an intermediate flow passage (such as the fifth liquid flow passage mentioned below), at this time, the fluid will build up pressure in the valve driving flow passage 8, so that the valve member 7 can be pushed to generate an axial upward movement; when the valve member 7 moves upward to a certain stroke, specifically, when it moves to open the upper liquid inlet passage, the high-pressure liquid will enter the upper liquid cavity 5 through the upper liquid inlet passage, thereby building up pressure in the upper liquid cavity 5 until a hydraulic pressure difference is formed between the upper liquid cavity 5 and the lower liquid cavity 6, and then it can push the piston to generate an upward deceleration and a downward acceleration movement, thereby impacting the drill bit body 27; when the impact piston 2 moves downward to the original initial position, the above process is repeated again, and so on, thereby realizing continuous drilling of the drill bit body 27.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, the upper liquid inlet passage includes a first liquid flow channel 10 located at the end of the upper body portion 3, a liquid inlet cavity 12 located inside the upper body portion 3, and a second liquid flow channel 13 provided on the side wall of the upper body portion 3. The valve member 7 is disposed in the liquid inlet cavity 12. In the initial position, the valve member 7 cuts off the connection between the liquid inlet cavity 12 and the first liquid flow channel 10. During the upward linear movement of the valve member 7 under the action of hydraulic pressure, a connection can be formed between the liquid inlet cavity 12 and the first liquid flow channel 10. The second liquid flow channel 13 is always in communication with the liquid inlet cavity 12 and the upper liquid cavity 5 respectively.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present invention, the outer side of the upper part of the valve member 7 is in circumferentially close fit with the inner wall of the first liquid flow channel 10. An overflow liquid channel 14 is provided inside the valve member 7, which is always in communication with the first liquid flow channel 10. In the initial position, the overflow liquid channel 14 is disconnected from the liquid inlet cavity 12. During the upward linear movement of the valve member 7 under the action of hydraulic pressure, the overflow liquid channel 14 can be in communication with the liquid inlet cavity 12. In addition, a concave transition cavity 11 is provided at the bottom of the valve member 7. The transition cavity 11 is in communication with its own overflow liquid channel 14. When the valve member 7 makes an upward linear movement under the action of hydraulic pressure, the overflow liquid channel 14 is in communication with the liquid inlet cavity 12 by means of the transition cavity 11.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the impactor further includes an upper liquid cavity pressure relief liquid path. The upper liquid cavity pressure relief liquid path includes a first pressure relief flow channel 15 provided on the upper body portion 3 and a second pressure relief flow channel 16 formed by the gap between the upper body portion 3 and the outer cylinder 1. Among them, in the initial state of the impactor, the first pressure relief flow channel 15 is in communication with the liquid inlet cavity 12 of the upper liquid inlet passage. During the upward linear movement of the valve member 7 under the action of hydraulic pressure, the connection between the first pressure relief flow channel 15 and the liquid inlet cavity 12 can be cut off. At this time, a connection is formed between the liquid inlet cavity 12 and the first liquid flow channel 10, so that high-pressure liquid can enter the upper liquid cavity 5.

[0040] In the initial state of the impactor, the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path remains open. That is, before the impact piston 2 just starts to generate an upward axial movement until the upper liquid inlet passage is opened, the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path remains open. This enables the fluid in the upper liquid chamber 5 to form a pressure relief flow through the second liquid flow path 13, the liquid inlet chamber 12, and the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path when the impact piston 2 just starts to generate an upward axial movement under the pressure buildup in the lower liquid chamber 6, so as to ensure that the impact piston 2 can be smoothly and smoothly pushed upward. That is to say, in the present invention, the valve member 7 can not only cut off and open the upper liquid inlet passage, but also cut off and open the connection between the liquid inlet chamber 12 and the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path in the upper liquid inlet passage at the same time. That is, the function of a double switch is realized through one valve member 7. Similarly, in the present invention, the liquid inlet chamber 12 and the second liquid flow path in the upper liquid inlet passage also have a dual function. Both of them constitute a part of the upper liquid inlet passage and also a part of the upper liquid chamber pressure relief liquid path.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, a sink is formed at the bottom of the liquid inlet chamber 12. The bottom of the valve member 7 falls into the sink and forms a tight fit with the wall of the sink in the initial state to cut off the connection between the first liquid flow path 10 and the liquid inlet chamber 12. The upper body portion 3 is provided with a chute penetrating the valve driving flow path 8 at the sink. The bottom of the valve member 7 is provided with a downwardly extending guiding slider 17, and the guiding slider 17 is received in the chute to form good guidance when the valve member 7 generates a linear slide.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, the lower liquid inlet passage includes a third liquid flow path 18 formed on the side wall of the upper body portion 3 and a fourth liquid flow path 19 formed by the gap between the impact piston 2 and the lower body portion 4 of the inner cylinder. The third liquid flow path 18, the fourth liquid flow path 19, and the lower liquid chamber 6 are kept in constant communication from top to bottom. The upper piston section of the impact piston 2 is partially in tight fit with the inner wall of the piston receiving cavity and can slide relative to each other; another part of the upper piston section of the impact piston 2 has a gap with the inner wall of the piston receiving cavity to form a fifth liquid flow path 20. The fifth liquid flow path 20, the fourth liquid flow path 19, and the lower liquid chamber 6 are kept in constant communication from top to bottom.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the shunt member 22 divides the inner cavity of the liquid inlet joint into an upper liquid inlet initial liquid path 23 and a lower liquid inlet initial liquid path 24. Among them, the upper liquid inlet initial liquid path 23 is kept in constant communication with the first liquid flow path 10, and the lower liquid inlet initial liquid path 24 is kept in communication with the lower liquid inlet passage. Preferably, the upper liquid inlet initial liquid path 23 is formed by the internal space of the shunt member 22, and the lower liquid inlet initial liquid path 24 is formed by the gap between the shunt member 22 and the liquid inlet joint.

[0044] In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that the impactor of the present invention can further include a spline sleeve, a retaining ring, and a limiting bushing, which are fittings for attaching the drill bit body 27 to the end of the outer cylinder 1 and are not shown in the figure. Its specific structure can be: the lower end of the outer cylinder 1 is connected to the spline sleeve by a thread, the spline on the drill bit body 27 cooperates with the spline groove on the spline sleeve, the retaining ring is stuck in the annular groove on the upper part of the spline of the drill bit body 27 and blocks the top surface of the spline sleeve to prevent the drill bit body 27 from falling off the spline sleeve 8. In a preferred embodiment, the retaining ring is a semi-circular clamp; the limiting bushing is sleeved on the upper periphery of the drill bit body 27, the top surface of the limiting bushing abuts against the limiting step on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1, and the upper and lower bottom surfaces press on the retaining ring to limit the retaining ring. Of course, those skilled in the art can also understand that the drill bit body 27 can be installed on the end of the outer cylinder 1 of the impactor through any other existing connection structure as long as the drill bit body 27 can perform drilling work when impacted by the impact piston 2.

[0045] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: In the initial state, high-pressure liquid enters the shunt member 22 from the liquid inlet joint. A part of the high-pressure fluid enters the first liquid flow path 10 through the upper liquid inlet initial liquid path 23, and the other part passes through the third liquid flow path 18 and the fourth liquid flow path 19 in sequence through the lower liquid inlet initial liquid path 24 and then enters the lower liquid chamber 6. At this time, the valve member 7 is in its initial position, the upper liquid inlet passage is cut off, the upper liquid chamber 5 is in a low-pressure state, and the upper liquid chamber 5 is connected to the second liquid flow path 13, the liquid inlet chamber 12, and the pressure relief passage of the upper liquid chamber 5. The impact piston 2 is forced to move upward due to the pressure difference that the cross-sectional area of the high-pressure liquid acting downward between the lower liquid chamber 6 and the upper liquid chamber 5 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the high-pressure liquid acting upward. When the impact piston 2 moves upward to a certain stroke, the fifth liquid flow path 20 forms a connection with the valve driving flow path 8. At this time, although the first liquid flow path 10 above the valve member 7, its transition chamber 11, and the valve driving flow path 8 are all in a high-pressure state, since the cross-sectional area of the high-pressure liquid acting on the valve member 7 at the first liquid flow path 10 is smaller than the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the high-pressure liquid acting on it in the transition chamber 11 and the valve driving flow path 8, the axial pressure difference generated based on this will push the valve member 7 to generate an axial upward linear movement.

[0046] When the valve member 7 moves upward to a certain stroke, the liquid inlet chamber 12 in the upper liquid inlet passage will form a connection with the transition chamber 11 of the valve member 7. At this time, high-pressure liquid enters the upper liquid chamber 5 through the first liquid flow path 10, the overflow liquid path 14, the transition chamber 11, the liquid inlet chamber 12, and the second liquid flow path 13. Then, because the cross-sectional area of the high-pressure liquid acting on the upper liquid chamber 5 is larger than the cross-sectional areas of the high-pressure liquid acting on the fifth liquid flow path 20 and the lower liquid chamber 6, the impact piston 2 is decelerated upward and accelerated downward based on the generated pressure difference to impact the top of the upper part of the drill bit body 27.

[0047] After the impact piston 2 moves downward by a certain stroke, the valve drive flow channel 8 communicates with the valve pressure relief flow channel 9. At this time, the high-pressure liquid in the valve drive flow channel 8 enters the drill bit body 27 through the valve drive flow channel 8 and the valve pressure relief flow channel 9, completing the pressure relief of the valve member 7. Then, based on the pressure difference in the space after pressure relief, the valve member 7 is pushed downward, so that the communication between the transition cavity 11 of the valve member 7 and the liquid inlet cavity 12 of the upper liquid inlet passage is cut off, and at the same time, the liquid inlet cavity 12 and the pressure relief passage of the upper liquid cavity 5 are reconnected, enabling the upper liquid cavity 5 to gradually complete pressure relief until the impact piston 2 returns to the initial position, thus completing a cycle of the movement of the impact piston 2 and the valve member 7.

[0048] By repeating the above process in this way, the continuous drilling operation of the hydraulic impactor of the present invention can be realized.

[0049] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "upper" etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between one device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will then be positioned "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientation of "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the corresponding explanations for the spatial relative descriptions used here will be made.

[0050] It should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and above-mentioned drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of this application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0052] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-energy, high-frequency hydraulic positive cycle impactor, comprising an outer cylinder (1) and an impact piston (2) disposed in the outer cylinder (1), and an inner cylinder, which is axially positioned and disposed inside the outer cylinder (1), and the impact piston (2) can be operated to perform axial reciprocating motion relative to the outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder, characterized in that: The impact piston (2) is at least partially located in the inner cylinder, and the inner cylinder comprises an upper body (3) and a lower body (4) axially abutting against the upper body (3). The upper piston section (201) of the impact piston (2) is received in the piston receiving cavity of the upper body (3), and the space between the upper end of the impact piston (2) and the bottom of the piston receiving cavity forms an upper liquid cavity (5); a lower liquid cavity (6) is formed between the lower piston section (202) of the impact piston (2) close to the bottom of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the lower body (4); The upper body (3) is provided with: A lower liquid inlet passage, used for introducing fluid into the lower liquid chamber (6); An upper liquid inlet passage, used for introducing fluid into the upper liquid chamber (5); A valve member (7) configured to be driven to slide vertically linearly relative to the upper body (3) based on a hydraulic pressure difference so as to cut off and open the upper liquid inlet passage; A valve driving channel (8) configured to switch between the lower liquid chamber (6) and a valve pressure relief channel (9) provided on the impact piston (2) based on the axial movement of the impact piston (2); In the initial state of the impactor, the valve drive flow channel (8) is connected to the valve pressure relief flow channel (9), so that the valve member (7) is maintained in the initial position of disconnecting the upper liquid inlet passage; when the impact piston (2) is driven to move upward due to the hydraulic pressure difference between the lower liquid chamber (6) and the upper liquid chamber (5), the valve drive flow channel (8) can be connected to the lower liquid chamber (6), so that the valve member (7) can generate an upward linear movement under the action of the hydraulic pressure to open the upper liquid inlet passage; The upper liquid inlet passage comprises a first liquid flow channel (10) located at the end of the upper body (3), a liquid inlet cavity (12) located inside the upper body (3), and a second liquid flow channel (13) arranged on the side wall of the upper body (3); a valve member (7) is arranged in the liquid inlet cavity (12); in an initial position, the valve member (7) cuts off the connection between the liquid inlet cavity (12) and the first liquid flow channel (10); when the valve member (7) generates an upward linear motion under the action of hydraulic pressure, a connection can be formed between the liquid inlet cavity (12) and the first liquid flow channel (10); The second liquid flow channel (13) is always connected with the liquid inlet chamber (12) and the upper liquid chamber (5) respectively.

2. The high-energy, high-frequency hydraulic positive cycle impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the upper part of the valve member (7) is circumferentially tightly fitted with the inner wall of the first liquid flow channel (10), and a flow channel (14) is provided inside the valve member (7), which is always connected with the first liquid flow channel (10); in the initial position, the flow channel (14) is disconnected from the liquid inlet chamber (12), and when the valve member (7) generates an upward linear motion under the action of hydraulic pressure, the flow channel (14) can be connected with the liquid inlet chamber (12).

3. The high-energy, high-frequency, hydraulic positive cycle impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impactor also includes an upper liquid chamber pressure relief fluid circuit, the upper liquid chamber pressure relief fluid circuit including a first pressure relief flow channel (15) arranged on the upper body (3) and a second pressure relief flow channel (16) formed by a gap between the upper body (3) and the outer cylinder (1); In the initial state of the impactor, the first pressure relief channel (15) is connected to the liquid inlet chamber (12) of the upper liquid inlet passage; when the valve member (7) generates an upward linear motion under the action of hydraulic pressure, the connection between the first pressure relief channel (15) and the liquid inlet chamber (12) can be cut off, and at this time, the liquid inlet chamber (12) and the first liquid channel (10) are connected, so that high-pressure liquid can enter the upper liquid chamber (5).

4. The high-energy, high-frequency, hydraulic positive cycle impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sink is formed at the bottom of the liquid inlet chamber (12), and the bottom of the valve member (7) falls into the sink and forms a tight fit with the wall of the sink in the initial state, so as to cut off the connection between the first liquid flow channel (10) and the liquid inlet chamber (12).

5. The high-energy, high-frequency, hydraulic positive cycle impactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper body (3) is provided with a slide groove penetrating the valve driving flow channel (8) at the sink, and the bottom of the valve member (7) is provided with a guide slide (17) extending downward, and the guide slide (17) is received in the slide groove.

6. The high-energy, high-frequency, hydraulic positive cycle impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower liquid inlet passage comprises a third liquid flow channel (18) formed on the side wall of the upper body (3) and a fourth liquid flow channel (19) formed by the gap between the impact piston (2) and the lower body (4) of the inner cylinder. The third liquid flow channel (18), the fourth liquid flow channel (19) and the lower liquid chamber (6) are always connected from top to bottom.

7. The high-energy, high-frequency, hydraulic positive cycle impactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper piston section (201) of the impact piston (2) partially forms a relatively slidable tight fit with the inner wall of the piston receiving chamber; The upper piston section (201) of the impact piston (2) also has a gap with the inner wall of the piston receiving chamber to form a fifth liquid flow channel (20). The fifth liquid flow channel (20), the fourth liquid flow channel (19) and the lower liquid chamber (6) are always connected from top to bottom.

8. A high-energy, high-frequency hydraulic positive cycle impactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid inlet joint (21) attached to the liquid inlet end of the outer cylinder (1) and a diverter member (22) arranged in the liquid inlet joint (21) and resting against the top of the upper body (3) of the inner cylinder, the diverter member (22) divides the inner cavity of the liquid inlet joint (21) into an upper liquid inlet initial liquid path (23) and a lower liquid inlet initial liquid path (24), wherein the upper liquid inlet initial liquid path (23) is always connected to the first liquid flow channel (10), and the lower liquid inlet initial liquid path (24) is always connected to the lower liquid inlet passage.

9. The high-energy, high-frequency, hydraulic positive cycle impactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper liquid inlet initial liquid path (23) is formed by the internal space of the flow dividing member (22), and the lower liquid inlet initial liquid path (24) is formed by the gap between the flow dividing member (22) and the liquid inlet joint (21).

Images