All-metal drill string rotation control brake joint

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas extraction, and specifically to an all-metal drill string rotary control joint, comprising a rotary mandrel, a bearing, an upper oiling plug, a fixed joint, a static ratchet, a dynamic ratchet, a rotary sleeve, a reset spring, a positioning mandrel, an O-ring, a rotary shell, a pressure compensator, a limit pin, and a lower oiling plug. The upper and lower parts of the all-metal drill string rotary control joint are connected to the drill string, and the rotary mandrel is lifted up until the dynamic ratchet and the static ratchet are engaged. At this time, the rotary mandrel is kept in right rotation until the rotary mandrel contacts the end face of the fixed joint to achieve instant locking; the present invention can achieve rapid locking through an internal mechanical structure according to the situation, and the operation is simple, the operation is reliable, the efficiency is high, and the drill string lowering time is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, and in particular relates to an all-metal drill string rotation control brake joint. Background Art

[0002] As an important oil and gas production technology, horizontal wells have obvious advantages in increasing oil and gas production and recovery rates, but they also face challenges such as technical complexity, operational risks and environmental protection. Loose sandstone reservoirs are widely distributed and have large reserves. One of the main contradictions in the exploitation of such reservoirs is sand production in oil wells. Putting sand control devices such as screens into the oil and gas layers to confine the formation sand in the formation is one of the technologies to solve the problem of sand control in oil wells. In highly deviated wells, horizontal wells and large displacement wells, the magnitude of the force applied by the ground to the tail pipe string directly affects the depth of the string. The friction resistance of the string in the dogleg section and the horizontal section is very large, which greatly reduces the force that causes the tail pipe to move downward.

[0003] Therefore, solving the problem that the pipe string in a large displacement horizontal well cannot be lowered due to excessive friction resistance or the pressure applied from the ground is limited is a problem that the art is eager to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to design a full metal drill string rotation control brake joint in order to reduce the friction resistance of the pipe string in a large displacement well and a horizontal well and alleviate the spiral buckling during the working process.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the all-metal drill string rotation control dynamic joint includes a rotating mandrel, a bearing, an upper oil filling plug, a fixed joint, a static ratchet, a dynamic ratchet, a rotating sleeve, a return spring, a positioning mandrel, an O-ring, a rotating shell, a pressure compensator, a limit pin, and a lower oil filling plug.

[0006] The lower shaft section of the rotating core shaft and the rotating sleeve are provided with threads, and the rotating sleeve can realize axial spiral movement in the lower shaft section of the rotating core shaft; the upper and lower outer parts of the bearing shell are respectively provided with two through holes, and sealing grooves are provided at both ends of the through holes. Semicircular grooves are provided around the central axis along the through hole positions to facilitate the lubricating oil to enter the bearing shell, and there is a clearance fit between the bearing shell and the rotating core shaft; the outer part of the fixed joint is provided with two sections of threads of different lengths, and the upper end of the fixed joint is provided with 6 evenly distributed threaded holes, and the outer part is provided with two threaded holes corresponding to the through holes of the bearing shell. There is an interference fit between the fixed joint and the bearing shell; the upper oil filling plug and the lower oil filling plug are respectively connected to the two threaded holes of the fixed joint. When the upper oil filling plug and the lower oil filling plug are opened, the lubricating oil enters the inside of the bearing shell along the threaded hole of the fixed joint and the through hole of the bearing shell, which plays a lubricating and protective role; the outside of the rotating sleeve is provided with 4 circumferentially evenly distributed threaded holes; the static ratchet is connected to the fixed joint by a threaded connection, the outer diameter of the static ratchet is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating shell, and the end of the static ratchet is provided with right-angled ratchet teeth evenly distributed along the circumference; the end of the movable ratchet is provided with right-angled teeth evenly distributed along the circumference The ratchet teeth can mesh with the ratchet teeth of the static ratchet. The outside of the moving ratchet is provided with 4 circumferentially evenly distributed long key-shaped through holes. The limit pin and the rotating sleeve are threadedly connected to realize circumferential transmission between the moving ratchet and the rotating sleeve. The moving ratchet can move axially on the rotating sleeve along the limit pin. A reset spring is installed between the moving ratchet and the rotating sleeve. The initial state of the reset spring is a compressed state. At this time, one end of the long key-shaped through hole of the moving ratchet contacts the limit pin. When the rotating core shaft is lifted until the moving ratchet meshes with the ratchet at the end of the static ratchet, the rotating sleeve cannot rotate at this time. The rotating mandrel keeps rotating to the right until it contacts the fixed joint to achieve locking; the positioning mandrel is provided with two sealing grooves on the outside, and the positioning mandrel and the rotating mandrel are connected by threads; the pressure compensator is provided with an O-shaped groove on the outside circumference for placing an O-ring, and the pressure compensator O-shaped groove is provided with 8 circumferentially evenly distributed through holes for balancing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tool; the rotating shell is provided with 8 circumferentially evenly distributed through holes on the outside, and two sealing grooves are provided inside the rotating shell. The lower part of the rotating shell is a tapered thread, and the rotating shell is connected to the fixed joint by threads.

[0007] Preferably, a bearing liner is cast inside the bearing shell, and the material of the bearing liner is copper alloy. A Z-shaped semicircular groove is provided inside the bearing shell to achieve uniform distribution of the lubricating oil inside the bearing shell. Six evenly distributed through holes are provided at the upper end of the bearing shell, and the corresponding six screws fix the bearing shell to the fixed joint.

[0008] Preferably, the number of the limit pins is 4 and they are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0009] Preferably, the connection threads between the fixed joint and the rotating shell, the fixed joint and the static ratchet, and the rotating mandrel and the positioning mandrel are all right-handed, and the internal thread of the rotating sleeve is right-handed.

[0010] Preferably, the radial width of the ratchet teeth of the static ratchet is wider than that of the dynamic ratchet, which facilitates the engagement of the static ratchet and the dynamic ratchet. When the static ratchet and the dynamic ratchet are engaged, due to the right-angle structure of the ratchet teeth themselves, the dynamic ratchet can only rotate to the left and cannot rotate to the right.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1. The present invention provides a full metal drill string rotation control brake joint, which does not require a drop ball or hydraulic drive, has a mechanical structure as a whole, can achieve rapid locking, is easy to operate, reliable in operation, and highly efficient;

[0013] 2. By using the all-metal drill string rotation control brake joint provided by the present invention, the conveying drill pipe can be independently rotated from the ground to above the tail pipe, reducing the friction resistance of the pipe string, reducing the need for heavy drill pipes or drill collars, and reducing the spiral buckling of the working pipe string. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the all-metal drill string rotation control brake joint of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the static ratchet of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable ratchet of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bearing bush of the present invention;

[0018] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-rotating spindle; 2-bearing shell; 3-upper oil filling plug; 4-fixed joint; 5-static ratchet; 6-moving ratchet; 7-rotating sleeve; 8-reset spring; 9-positioning spindle; 10-O-ring; 11-rotating housing; 12-pressure compensator; 13-limit pin; 14-lower oil filling plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Reference Figure 1 The all-metal drill string rotation control dynamic joint is located between two drill strings, and the all-metal drill string rotation control dynamic joint includes a rotating mandrel 1, a bearing 2, an upper oil filling plug 3, a fixed joint 4, a static ratchet 5, a dynamic ratchet 6, a rotating sleeve 7, a reset spring 8, a positioning mandrel 9, an O-ring 10, a rotating shell 11, a pressure compensator 12, a limit pin 13, and a lower oil filling plug 14.

[0021] The lower shaft section of the rotating mandrel 1 and the rotating sleeve 7 are provided with threads on the outside, and the rotating sleeve 7 can realize axial spiral movement on the lower shaft section of the rotating mandrel 1; the bearing shell 2 and the rotating mandrel 1 are clearance-fitted; the fixed joint 4 is provided with two sections of threads of different lengths on the outside, and the upper end of the fixed joint 4 is provided with 6 evenly distributed threaded holes, and the outside is provided with two threaded holes corresponding to the through holes of the bearing shell 2, and the fixed joint 4 and the bearing shell 2 are interference-fitted; the upper oil filling plug 3 and the lower oil filling plug 14 are respectively connected to the fixed joint 4 is connected with two threaded holes. When the upper oil filling plug 3 and the lower oil filling plug 14 are opened, the lubricating oil enters the bearing bush along the threaded hole of the fixed joint 4 and the through hole of the bearing bush 2, which plays a role of lubrication and protection. The rotating sleeve 7 is provided with 4 threaded holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction on the outside. The static ratchet 5 is connected with the fixed joint 4 by a thread. The outer diameter of the static ratchet 5 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the rotating shell 11. The limit pin 13 is connected with the rotating sleeve 7 by a thread to realize the circumferential transmission between the dynamic ratchet 6 and the rotating sleeve 7. The dynamic ratchet 6 can be connected along the inner diameter of the rotating shell 11. The limit pin 13 moves axially on the rotating sleeve 7; the number of the limit pins 13 is 4, which are evenly distributed along the circumference; a reset spring 8 is installed between the movable ratchet 6 and the rotating sleeve 7, and the initial state of the reset spring 8 is a compressed state. At this time, one end of the long key-shaped through hole of the movable ratchet 6 contacts the limit pin 13, and when the rotating mandrel 1 is lifted until the movable ratchet 6 and the end ratchet of the static ratchet 5 are engaged, since the rotating sleeve 7 cannot rotate at this time, the rotating mandrel 1 keeps rotating to the right until it contacts the fixed joint 4 to achieve locking; the positioning mandrel 9 is provided with two sealing grooves on the outside, and the positioning core shaft 9 is connected to the rotating core shaft 1 by a thread; the pressure compensator 12 is provided with an O-shaped groove on the outside circumferentially for placing the O-ring 10, and the O-shaped groove of the pressure compensator 12 is provided with 8 circumferentially evenly distributed through holes for balancing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tool; the rotating shell 11 is provided with 8 circumferentially evenly distributed through holes on the outside, and two sealing grooves are provided inside the rotating shell 11. The lower part of the rotating shell 11 is a tapered thread, and the rotating shell 11 is connected to the fixed joint 4 by a thread.

[0022] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the end of the static ratchet 5 is provided with right-angled ratchet teeth evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; the end of the dynamic ratchet 6 is provided with right-angled ratchet teeth evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, which can mesh with the ratchet teeth of the static ratchet 5, and the outside of the dynamic ratchet 6 is provided with 4 long key-shaped through holes evenly distributed circumferentially; the radial width of the ratchet teeth of the static ratchet 5 is wider than that of the dynamic ratchet 6, which facilitates the meshing of the static ratchet 5 and the dynamic ratchet 6. When the static ratchet 5 and the dynamic ratchet 6 are meshed, due to the right-angle structure of the ratchet teeth themselves, the dynamic ratchet 6 can only rotate to the left and cannot rotate to the right.

[0023] like Figure 4As shown, the bearing shell 2 is provided with two through holes on the upper and lower sides respectively, and sealing grooves are provided at both ends of the through holes. Semicircular grooves are provided along the positions of the through holes and circumferentially around the central axis to facilitate the lubricating oil to enter the bearing shell 2. The bearing shell 2 is provided with a Z-shaped semicircular groove to achieve uniform distribution of the lubricating oil inside the bearing shell 2. Six evenly distributed through holes are provided at the upper end of the bearing shell 2. A bearing liner is cast inside the bearing shell, and the material of the bearing liner is copper alloy.

[0024] In this embodiment, the connection threads between the fixed joint 4 and the rotating shell 11, the fixed joint 4 and the static ratchet 5, and the rotating spindle 1 and the positioning spindle 9 are all right-handed, and the internal thread of the rotating sleeve 7 is right-handed.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The working principle of the all-metal drill string rotation control movable joint of the present invention is as follows: when lowering a screen pipe or other sand removal tools to a specified formation in a horizontal well or a large displacement well, when a greater depth is reached or an obstacle is encountered, the lowering process is slow or even blocked. At this time, the ground controls the top drive to stop rotating, and the drill rod is lifted until the static ratchet 5 and the dynamic ratchet 6 are engaged. The ground controls the drill string and the rotating mandrel 1 to rotate right. Due to the structure of the ratchet itself, the dynamic ratchet 6 cannot rotate right, and the rotating mandrel 1 moves axially downward along the thread line of the rotating sleeve 7. When the rotating mandrel 1 contacts the end face of the fixed joint 4, the upper drill string and the lower drill string are locked. At this time, the upper drill string and the lower drill string rotate simultaneously to realize rotation lowering.

[0026] In this embodiment, for the locked all-metal drill string rotation control brake joint, it is only necessary to loosen the thread between the fixed joint and the rotating shell by left-turning, and the unlocking process is convenient and quick.

[0027] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0028] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. All-metal drill string rotation control brake joint, characterized by: The all-metal drill string rotary control joint is located between two drill strings, and comprises a rotary mandrel (1), a bearing (2), an upper oil filling plug (3), a fixed joint (4), a static ratchet (5), a dynamic ratchet (6), a rotary sleeve (7), a return spring (8), a positioning mandrel (9), an O-ring (10), a rotary housing (11), a pressure compensator (12), a limit pin (13), and a lower oil filling plug (14); The lower shaft section of the rotating mandrel (1) and the rotating sleeve (7) are provided with threads on the outside, and the rotating sleeve (7) can realize axial spiral movement on the lower shaft section of the rotating mandrel (1); the bearing shell (2) is provided with two through holes on the upper and lower sides, respectively, and sealing grooves are provided at both ends of the through holes. Semicircular grooves are provided around the central axis along the positions of the through holes to facilitate the lubricating oil to enter the bearing shell (2); the bearing shell (2) is provided with a Z-shaped semicircular groove to realize the uniform distribution of the lubricating oil inside the bearing shell (2); the upper end of the bearing shell (2) is provided with 6 evenly distributed through holes, and the bearing shell (2) and the rotating mandrel (1) are clearance-fitted; the fixed joint (4) is provided with two sections of different lengths on the outside The fixing joint (4) is provided with six threaded holes evenly distributed on the upper end thereof and two threaded holes corresponding to the through holes of the bearing bush (2) are provided on the outside thereof. The fixing joint (4) and the bearing bush (2) are in an interference fit. The upper oil filling plug (3) and the lower oil filling plug (14) are respectively connected to the two threaded holes of the fixing joint (4). When the upper oil filling plug (3) and the lower oil filling plug (14) are opened, the lubricating oil enters the inside of the bearing bush along the threaded hole of the fixing joint (4) and the through hole of the bearing bush (2), thereby playing a role in lubrication and protection. The rotating sleeve (7) is provided with four threaded holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction on the outside thereof. The static ratchet (5) is connected to the fixing joint (4) by a thread, and the outer diameter of the static ratchet (5) is slightly smaller than that of the rotating sleeve. The inner diameter of the body (11) is 1.5 mm, and the end of the stationary ratchet (5) is provided with right-angled ratchet teeth evenly distributed along the circumference; the end of the movable ratchet (6) is provided with right-angled ratchet teeth evenly distributed along the circumference, which can mesh with the ratchet teeth of the stationary ratchet (5); the outer portion of the movable ratchet (6) is provided with four long key-shaped through holes evenly distributed along the circumference; the limit pin (13) and the rotating sleeve (7) are connected by threads to realize circumferential transmission between the movable ratchet (6) and the rotating sleeve (7); the movable ratchet (6) can move axially on the rotating sleeve (7) along the limit pin (13); the number of the limit pins (13) is four and evenly distributed along the circumference; a return spring (8) is installed between the movable ratchet (6) and the rotating sleeve (7); the return spring (8) The initial state is a compressed state, at which time one end of the long key-shaped through hole of the movable ratchet (6) contacts the limit pin (13). When the rotating mandrel (1) is lifted until the movable ratchet (6) is engaged with the ratchet at the end of the static ratchet (5), since the rotating sleeve (7) cannot rotate at this time, the rotating mandrel (1) keeps rotating to the right until it contacts the fixed joint (4) to achieve locking; the positioning mandrel (9) is provided with two sealing grooves on the outside, and the positioning mandrel (9) and the rotating mandrel (1) are connected by threads; the pressure compensator (12) is provided with an O-shaped groove on the outside circumferentially for placing the O-ring (10), and the O-shaped groove of the pressure compensator (12) is provided with 8 circumferentially evenly distributed through holes for balancing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tool;The rotating shell (11) is provided with 8 circumferentially evenly distributed through holes on the outside, the rotating shell (11) is provided with two sealing grooves on the inside, the lower part of the rotating shell (11) is a tapered thread, and the rotating shell (11) is connected to the fixed joint (4) via a thread. ; 2. The all-metal drill string rotation control brake joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection threads between the fixed joint (4) and the rotating housing (11), the fixed joint (4) and the stationary ratchet (5), and the rotating mandrel (1) and the positioning mandrel (9) are all right-handed, and the internal thread of the rotating sleeve (7) is right-handed.

3. The all-metal drill string rotation control brake joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial width of the ratchet teeth of the static ratchet (5) is wider than that of the dynamic ratchet (6), so that the static ratchet (5) and the dynamic ratchet (6) are easily meshed. When the static ratchet (5) and the dynamic ratchet (6) are meshed, due to the right-angle structure of the ratchet teeth themselves, the dynamic ratchet (6) can only rotate to the left and cannot rotate to the right.

4. The all-metal drill string rotation control brake joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing liner is cast inside the bearing shell (2), and the material of the bearing liner is a copper alloy.

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