Superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system based on electromagnetic and ultrasonic sensor array

Abstract

In the disclosed embodiment, a superconducting cable terminal state monitoring system based on electromagnetic and ultrasonic sensor arrays is provided, wherein the terminal includes a transmission cavity for extending each conductor of the superconducting cable: the system includes a detection sensor array, including a magnetic sensor array including: at least one group of magnetic sensors arranged on the wall of the transmission cavity along the circumference around the axis, and each conductor maintains a preset position relationship with at least one magnetic sensor; each magnetic sensor is used to detect the magnetic field in the space of the transmission cavity and output a corresponding magnetic field induction signal; a data processing device is used to determine the position of the conductor where the current changes according to the comparison results of a group of signal strength changes obtained by a group of magnetic sensors. By arranging one or more sensor arrays at the terminal, abnormal conditions such as quenching of the conductor and partial discharge in the terminal can be efficiently and accurately detected and located, effectively ensuring the stability and safety of the overall operation of the terminal and even the superconducting cable system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of superconducting cables, and in particular to a superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system based on electromagnetic and ultrasonic sensor arrays. Background Art

[0002] Superconducting cables are designed and manufactured using the characteristics of superconductors, which become superconducting at their critical temperature, have no resistance, very little loss, high current density, and can carry large currents. Many countries around the world are reserving superconducting power application technology based on superconducting cable projects.

[0003] Compared with power cables, superconducting cables have great advantages, such as: strong power transmission capacity, cost savings, small space occupation, extremely low line impedance, small power transmission loss, and strong anti-magnetic interference ability; they allow the use of relatively low voltage for long-distance power transmission, and can also transmit power underground, thus avoiding the noise, electromagnetic pollution and safety hazards caused by ultra-high voltage high-altitude power transmission, and protecting the ecological environment.

[0004] Usually, the abnormal detection of superconducting cable systems is often focused on the superconducting cable itself. For example, by collecting the current, temperature, flow and other signals of the superconducting cable body for analysis, it is determined whether the operation status of the superconducting cable is normal. It is difficult to focus on the operation status of the terminal. However, the thermal field and electric field in the terminal change rapidly, and its operation status is crucial to the superconducting cable system. There is currently no good solution to ensure the operation status of the terminal. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system based on electromagnetic and ultrasonic sensor arrays to solve the problems in the related art.

[0006] In the first aspect of the present disclosure, an embodiment provides a superconducting cable terminal state monitoring system based on an electromagnetic and ultrasonic sensor array, wherein the terminal includes a double-layer shell, the double-layer shell includes an inner shell and an outer shell; a vacuum chamber is provided between the outer shell and the inner shell, the inner shell includes a transmission chamber for extending each conductor of the superconducting cable, and one end of the transmission chamber in the extension direction thereof is a wiring terminal of the conductor; a detection sensor array includes a magnetic sensor array; the magnetic sensor array includes: at least one group of magnetic sensors arranged on the terminal wall along the circumference of the transmission chamber, each of the conductors maintains a preset position relationship with at least one of the magnetic sensors; each magnetic sensor is used to detect the magnetic field in the space of the transmission chamber and output a corresponding magnetic field induction signal; the current variation generated by the abnormality of the conductor of the superconducting cable forms the signal strength variation of the magnetic induction signal of each magnetic sensor; a data processing device is communicatively coupled to the magnetic sensor array, and is used to determine the position of the conductor where the current variation occurs according to a comparison result of a group of signal strength variations obtained by a group of magnetic sensors.

[0007] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the preset position relationship means that at least one of the magnetic sensors is arranged close to a conductive line, and a distance between the magnetic sensor and the conductive line is shorter than a distance between the magnetic sensor and other conductive lines.

[0008] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the data processing device determines the position of the conductor where the current change occurs based on a comparison result of a group of signal strength changes obtained by a group of magnetic sensors, including: determining that the conductor having a preset position relationship with the magnetic sensor with the largest signal strength change and / or a change reaching a preset threshold is the conductor where the current change occurs.

[0009] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the magnetic sensor array includes a plurality of groups of magnetic sensors for mutual signal verification or backup, and the plurality of groups of magnetic sensors are arranged along an extension direction of the transmission cavity.

[0010] In an embodiment of the first aspect, each of the conductive wires maintains a preset positional relationship with a plurality of the magnetic sensors in a group of magnetic sensors, and the plurality of magnetic sensors are used for mutual signal verification or backup.

[0011] In an embodiment of the first aspect, each of the magnetic sensors is arranged on the wall surface in an adjustable circumferential position.

[0012] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the detection sensor array also includes: an ultrasonic sensor array communicatively coupled to the data processing device; the ultrasonic sensor array includes: at least one group of ultrasonic sensors arranged on the wall of the transmission cavity along a circumferential direction surrounding the extension direction; each of the ultrasonic sensors is used to detect abnormal discharge in the transmission cavity and generate a corresponding ultrasonic sensing signal; the signal strength of the ultrasonic sensing signal is related to the distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the abnormal discharge position; the data processing device is used to determine the relative position relationship between the abnormal discharge position and the group of ultrasonic sensors based on the signal strength of a group of ultrasonic sensing signals obtained by the group of ultrasonic sensors, so as to determine the abnormal discharge position.

[0013] In an embodiment of the first aspect, each group of ultrasonic sensors and each group of magnetic sensors are alternately arranged along the circumference of the wall surface.

[0014] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the at least one group of ultrasonic sensors includes multiple groups of ultrasonic sensors arranged on the inner wall along the extension direction; the data processing device is used to determine the location of the abnormal discharge based on the signal strength of the ultrasonic sensing signal of the at least one group of ultrasonic sensors.

[0015] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the data processing device is further used to issue an alarm in response to the duration of the sensing signal with signal strength indicating an abnormal state output by the detection sensor array reaching a preset threshold; and / or, the data processing device is further used to obtain potential fault risk information based on the temporal distribution of the sensing signal with signal strength indicating an abnormal state output by the detection sensor array; and / or, the detection sensor array is distributed on the outer wall surface or inner wall surface of the inner shell, or the inner wall surface or outer wall surface of the outer shell; and / or, the terminal also includes a vacuum chamber surrounding the outside of the transmission chamber; and / or, the transmission chamber is filled with cooling liquid.

[0016] As described above, the present disclosure provides a superconducting cable terminal state monitoring system based on electromagnetic and ultrasonic sensor arrays in an embodiment, wherein the terminal includes a transmission cavity for extending each conductor of the superconducting cable, the transmission cavity extends along an extension direction, and a wiring portion is formed at one end in the extension direction: a detection sensor array, including a magnetic sensor array; the magnetic sensor array includes: at least one group of magnetic sensors arranged on the wall surface of the transmission cavity along the circumference around the axis, and each conductor maintains a preset position relationship with at least one magnetic sensor; each magnetic sensor is used to detect the magnetic field in the space of the transmission cavity and output a corresponding magnetic field induction signal; the current change amount generated by the abnormal conductor of the superconducting cable forms the signal strength change amount of the magnetic induction signal of each magnetic sensor; a data processing device is coupled to the magnetic sensor array in communication, and is used to determine the conductor position where the current change occurs according to the comparison result of a group of signal strength changes obtained by a group of magnetic sensors. By arranging one or more sensor arrays in the circumferential direction and / or axial direction of the terminal, abnormal states such as conductor quench and partial discharge in the terminal can be efficiently and accurately detected and located, effectively ensuring the stability and safety of the overall operation of the terminal and even the superconducting cable system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A perspective structural diagram of a terminal in one embodiment is shown.

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the magnetic sensor installation from a top-down perspective of a terminal in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram showing the changes in the magnetic sensor installation wall surface from a top-down perspective of a terminal in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a structure in which each wire is respectively installed with a plurality of magnetic sensors at corresponding positions in a top view of a terminal in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a side perspective structure in which multiple groups of magnetic sensors are arranged in a terminal in one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the ultrasonic sensor installation from a top-down perspective of a terminal in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 7 A side perspective structural schematic diagram showing a plurality of groups of ultrasonic sensors arranged in a terminal in one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a state monitoring system for a superconducting cable terminal in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a computer device in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following is an explanation of the embodiments of the present disclosure by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the information disclosed by the present disclosure. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in the present disclosure can also be modified or changed in various ways according to different viewpoints and application modules without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0027] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0028] In the representations of the present disclosure, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics represented in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics represented may be combined in any one or a group of embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples represented in the present disclosure and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually contradictory.

[0029] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the representation of the present disclosure, "a group" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0030] In order to clearly describe the present disclosure, components not related to the description are omitted, and the same reference numerals are given to the same or similar components throughout the specification.

[0031] Throughout the specification, when a device is said to be "connected" to another device, this includes not only the case of "direct connection" but also the case of "indirect connection" by placing other elements therebetween. In addition, when a device is said to "include" a certain component, unless otherwise stated, it does not exclude other components, but means that other components may be included.

[0032] Although the terms first, second, etc. are used to represent various elements in this article in some examples, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, the first interface and the second interface, etc. are represented. Moreover, as used in this article, the singular forms "one", "one" and "the" are intended to also include plural forms, unless there is an opposite indication in the context. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate that there are the described features, steps, operations, elements, modules, projects, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the existence, occurrence or addition of one or a group of other features, steps, operations, elements, modules, projects, kinds, and / or groups. The terms "or" and "and / or" used herein are interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination. Therefore, "A, B or C" or "A, B and / or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C". Only when the combination of elements, functions, steps or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way, will there be an exception to this definition.

[0033] The technical terms used herein are only used to refer to specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The singular form used herein also includes the plural form unless the sentence clearly indicates the contrary meaning. The meaning of "including" used in the specification is to specify specific characteristics, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, and does not exclude the existence or addition of other characteristics, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components.

[0034] Although not defined differently, all terms, including technical and scientific terms used herein, have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. Terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are additionally interpreted as having meanings consistent with relevant technical literature and the message of the present disclosure, and shall not be overly interpreted as ideal or very formal meanings unless defined.

[0035] Although superconducting cables have many advantages such as superior power transmission capacity, low cost and low loss, superconducting cables have strict working conditions that need to be maintained. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor some anomalies in the superconducting cable system, such as quenching of superconducting cables and partial discharge. However, the current abnormality detection of superconducting cable systems is often focused on the superconducting cable body. For example, by collecting the cable body current, temperature, flow rate and other signals of the superconducting cable for analysis, it is determined whether the operating status of the superconducting cable is normal, but it is difficult to focus on the operation of the terminal. However, the thermal field and electric field in the terminal change dramatically, and its operating status is crucial to the superconducting cable system. There is currently no good solution to how to ensure the operating status of the terminal.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a perspective structural diagram of the terminal 100 in one embodiment is shown.

[0037] exist Figure 1 In FIG. 1 , it is shown that the terminal 100 includes a transmission cavity 101 , and each conductor of the superconducting cable 200 is transmitted in the transmission cavity 101 to be connected with the bushing 400 of the corresponding phase.

[0038] Exemplarily, the terminal 100 is a closed double-layer shell structure, and a vacuum cavity is formed between the double shells. The transmission cavity 101 is formed in the inner shell to provide a low-temperature environment for high-voltage drainage in the superconducting cable 200.

[0039] Exemplarily, based on the difference in the cable structure of the superconducting cable being a multi-core cable or a coaxial cable, the conductor may be implemented as a core wire of each phase and a ground wire separated from the multi-core superconducting cable 200 and connected to the bushing 400, or may also be implemented as a conductive connection to each line in the coaxial superconducting cable 200 and connected to each phase voltage lead wire, a ground lead wire, etc. of the bushing 400. The bushing 400 is provided for connection to an external power grid, and may include a high-voltage bushing and a low-voltage bushing (grounding), etc.

[0040] exist Figure 1 In the transmission cavity 101, the extension direction is the up-down direction, the top of which is the connection terminal of each wire, and a sleeve 400 for connecting each wire is provided. Any one or more of the wires 300 of each phase may have the risk of abnormal conditions such as quenching, partial discharge, etc.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a superconducting cable terminal state monitoring system based on electromagnetic and ultrasonic sensor arrays is provided, including a detection sensor array arranged at the terminal for detecting at least one abnormal condition.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram showing the installation of the magnetic sensor from a top-down perspective of the terminal in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 2 The terminal 100 is a double-layer shell structure, including an inner shell 102 and an outer shell 103. The outer shell 103 and the inner shell 102 are exemplified as cylindrical structures. A vacuum chamber 104 is provided between the outer shell 103 and the inner shell 102, and a transmission chamber 101 is formed in the inner shell 102. The transmission chamber 101 can be filled with a cooling liquid (such as liquid nitrogen, etc.) to maintain the superconducting state (i.e., the resistance loss state) of the superconducting cable therein by low temperature. For example, in Figure 2 , three-phase conductors distributed in the transmission cavity 101 in the inner shell 102 are shown, including a first conductor 301 , a second conductor 302 , and a third conductor 303 .

[0044] Considering that the magnetic field will change after the superconducting material quenches, the detection sensor array may include at least one group of magnetic sensors that can detect the change of the magnetic field. In some embodiments, the magnetic sensor may be implemented as a magnetosensitive sensor, a Hall sensor, a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor, or a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJs) sensor. Figure 2 A group of magnetic sensors 500 are evenly arranged on the outer wall (or inner wall) of the inner shell 102 along the circumferential direction, and the example includes three magnetic sensors corresponding to the three wires 301, 302, and 303, namely, a first magnetic sensor 501, a second magnetic sensor 502, and a third magnetic sensor 503. It can be understood that the number of magnetic sensors can be changed as needed.

[0045] exist Figure 2 In the example of , the first magnetic sensor 501 and the first wire 301, the second magnetic sensor 502 and the second wire 302, and the third magnetic sensor 503 and the third wire 303 are arranged according to a preset position relationship. As an example, the preset position relationship means that at least one of the magnetic sensors is arranged close to a wire, and the distance between the magnetic sensor and the wire is shorter than the distance between the magnetic sensor and other wires. For example, in Figure 2 In the embodiment, the first magnetic sensor 501, the second magnetic sensor 502, and the third magnetic sensor 503 can be respectively arranged near the first wire 301, the second wire 302, and the third wire 303. When the superconducting material corresponding to one of the wires quenches, the superconducting material changes from zero resistance to a large resistance, so that the current rapidly decreases and the surrounding magnetic field decreases. Then, the signal change of the closest magnetic sensor is the strongest compared to the signals of other magnetic sensors. Therefore, it can be determined that this wire has quenched, and the quench of each wire can be quickly located. For example, the initial signal strengths a1, a2, and a3 of the three magnetic sensors 501, 502, and 503 when the first wire 301, the second wire 302, and the third wire 303 are not quenched can be determined first. Then, based on the difference between the changes in the current signal strengths Φ1, Φ2, and Φ3 of each magnetic sensor relative to the initial signal strengths a1, a2, and a3, that is, the comparison of |Φ1-a1|, |Φ2-a2|, and |Φ3-a3|, the wire that has quenched can be determined. For example, when a superconducting material of a certain phase of a conductor is quenched, for example, |Φ1-a1| is significantly greater than |Φ2-a2| and |Φ3-a3| (a difference threshold corresponding to "significantly greater than" can be set), or is greater than a signal strength change threshold b corresponding to the quench, it means that the signal strength change of the first magnetic sensor 501 is significantly greater than the signal strength change of the second magnetic sensor 502 and the third magnetic sensor 503, indicating that the strip of the corresponding phase of the first conductor 301 corresponding to the first magnetic sensor 501 has a quench problem.

[0046] Furthermore, for the situation where two conductors have quenched, it can be determined based on the situation where the signal strength of the two magnetic sensors changes more dramatically, for example, |Φ1-a1| and |Φ2-a2| are relatively close and are significantly greater than |Φ3-a3| (it can also be judged in combination with the signal strength change threshold, such as |Φ1-a1| and |Φ2-a2| are greater than b, and |Φ3-a3| is less than b), which means that the strip materials of the corresponding phases of the first conductor 501 and the second conductor 502 have quench problems. For another example, if |Φ1-a1|, |Φ2-a2|, and |Φ3-a3| are similar but all greater than the signal strength change threshold b, it means that the strip materials of the corresponding phases of the first conductor 501, the second conductor 502, and the third conductor 503 have quench problems.

[0047] It should be noted that Figure 2 What is shown in the figure is only an example of the arrangement of a group of magnetic sensors, and the present invention is not limited to this.

[0048] In some embodiments, the wall surface of the magnetic sensor on the terminal can be varied, such as Figure 3 As shown, a group of magnetic sensors 501, 502, 503 can be arranged on the inner wall surface of the housing 103, and may not be immersed in the cooling liquid of the transmission cavity 101, thereby reducing the requirements for low-temperature operation of the magnetic sensors and reducing costs. In another embodiment, the magnetic sensors may also be arranged on the outer wall surface of the housing 103. It is understandable that the selection of the wall surface where the magnetic sensors are located can be determined according to the needs in the actual scene.

[0049] In some embodiments, the number and arrangement positions of each group of magnetic sensors can be changed. Figure 4 In the embodiment, each conductor can form a preset position relationship with multiple (two in the example) magnetic sensors, the first conductor 301 corresponds to magnetic sensors 501a, 501b, the second conductor 302 corresponds to magnetic sensors 502a, 502b, and the third conductor 303 corresponds to magnetic sensors 503a, 503b, that is, multiple magnetic sensors are arranged closely to a conductor at the same spacing. Thus, the multiple magnetic sensors corresponding to each conductor can be used to detect the quench problem corresponding to the conductor, so the multiple magnetic sensors corresponding to the same conductor can verify each other whether there is an error or serve as a backup when the other party fails.

[0050] In some embodiments, each magnetic sensor is arranged on the wall surface in an adjustable circumferential position. For example, each magnetic sensor can be adjusted on the wall surface by a circumferential sliding mechanism (such as a slider sliding with a slide rail or a slide groove). Thus, the magnetic sensor can be easily adjusted in the circumferential direction to be in a preset position relationship with the wires at different positions, thereby improving the magnetic sensor.

[0051] In some embodiments, the magnetic sensor array may also include multiple groups of magnetic sensors, and the multiple groups of magnetic sensors are arranged along the extension direction of the transmission cavity 101. Figure 5 As exemplarily shown, two magnetic sensor groups 500a and 500b are arranged along the extension direction of the transmission cavity 101 (also corresponding to the transmission direction of the wire, exemplified as vertical). The magnetic induction signals of multiple groups of magnetic sensors or the positioning results of the quenched wires in multiple wires 300 can verify each other. In addition, multiple groups of magnetic sensors can also serve as backup for each other in case of failure, thereby enhancing reliability. That is, when a group of magnetic sensors fails, another group can be used to replace the failed group of magnetic sensors.

[0052] In addition to quench anomalies, the detection sensor array may also include an ultrasonic sensor array to detect partial discharge anomalies.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram showing the installation of an ultrasonic sensor from a top-down perspective of a terminal in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] exist Figure 6 In the figure, the ultrasonic sensor array includes: at least one group of ultrasonic sensors arranged on the wall surface of the transmission cavity 101 (which may be the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface) along the circumference around its extension direction. Exemplarily, a group of ultrasonic sensors includes three ultrasonic sensors, namely a first ultrasonic sensor 701, a second ultrasonic sensor 702 and a third ultrasonic sensor 703. Each of the ultrasonic sensors is used to detect abnormal discharges in the transmission cavity 101 and generate corresponding ultrasonic sensing signals. The abnormal discharge includes local discharge. Exemplarily, a group of ultrasonic sensors and a group of magnetic sensors may be located at the same layer in the extension direction of the transmission cavity 101, and the ultrasonic sensors and magnetic sensors may be arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. For example Figure 6 In the embodiment, the first magnetic sensor 501, the first ultrasonic sensor 701, the second magnetic sensor 502, the second ultrasonic sensor 702, the third magnetic sensor 503, and the third ultrasonic sensor 703 are alternately arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction. Figure 6 In the example, the sensors are arranged on the wall surface of the inner shell 102. This layout can effectively save the space occupied by the sensor arrangement.

[0055] The principle of locating the abnormal discharge position by a group of ultrasonic sensors is specifically described. The ultrasonic signal value corresponds to the round-trip distance, and the distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the local discharge position can be obtained according to the signal value of the ultrasonic sensor. The local discharge position can be on the conductor or at any point outside the conductor in space, such as Figure 6Point M in the figure. Since the super transmission speed of ultrasound in the same medium is fixed, the movement time is obtained by dividing it by the speed. By establishing a time difference equation group for the distance difference reflected by the difference in signal values ​​between different ultrasonic sensors, the coordinates of the partial discharge position M can be solved.

[0056] By establishing a spatial coordinate system, Figure 6 Take the M point in as an example: (x 1 ,y 1 , z 1 ) is the spatial coordinate of the first ultrasonic sensor 701, (x i ,y i , z i ) is the spatial coordinate of the ith ultrasonic sensor, (x m ,y m , z m ) is the spatial coordinate of the local discharge position M, v is the propagation speed of the ultrasonic signal in the transmission cavity 101 (affected by the filling medium in the transmission cavity 101), and the time difference equation group is established:

[0057]

[0058] For example, three ultrasonic sensors would have three equations T 11 , T 21 , T 31 , we can solve for the spatial position coordinates of M (x m ,y m , z m ).

[0059] In an optional embodiment, if there is only one set of ultrasonic sensors, the position coordinates obtained when detecting the abnormal discharge position far from the set of ultrasonic sensors may have errors. Figure 7 In the optional example shown, the ultrasonic sensor array may be implemented as multiple groups of ultrasonic sensors arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the transmission cavity 101, such as the two adjacent ultrasonic sensor groups 700a and 700b in the figure, and other ultrasonic sensor groups are not marked.

[0060] In one example, the spatial position coordinates obtained by multiple groups of ultrasonic sensors for the same abnormal discharge position x can be compared with the spacing of each group of ultrasonic sensors, and the spacing can be the spacing in the extension direction of the wire 300 (which can be consistent with the extension direction of the transmission cavity 101). The smaller the spacing, the higher the reliability of the group of ultrasonic sensors, and the more accurate the spatial position coordinates of the abnormal discharge position obtained. In this way, the spacing between each group of ultrasonic sensors and the abnormal discharge position they detect can be obtained, and the spatial position coordinates of the abnormal discharge position in the pair with the closest spacing can be determined as the target spatial position coordinates of the abnormal discharge position x. For example, there are three groups of ultrasonic sensors, and the spatial position coordinates of the abnormal discharge position x obtained by the first group of ultrasonic sensors are a, and the spacing is b; the spatial position coordinates of the abnormal discharge position x obtained by the second group of ultrasonic sensors are c, and the spacing is d; the spatial position coordinates of the abnormal discharge position x obtained by the third group of ultrasonic sensors are e, and the spacing is f. If d is the largest among b, d, and f, d can be determined as the target spatial position coordinate of x.

[0061] Alternatively, in another embodiment, the spatial position coordinates obtained by multiple groups of ultrasonic sensors for the same abnormal discharge position x can be integrated to obtain the target spatial position coordinates. The integration can be a weighted sum. For example, in the above example, the candidate spatial position coordinates of x are b, d, and f, then the weighted sum of b, d, and f can be calculated to obtain the target spatial position coordinates, and the weight is negatively correlated with the distance between the corresponding group of ultrasonic sensors and x.

[0062] like Figure 8 As shown, a schematic diagram of the structure of a superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0063] exist Figure 8 In the figure, the system is shown to include: a detection sensor array and a data processing device 900.

[0064] Exemplarily, the detection sensor array may include the magnetic sensor array 801 described in the previous embodiment. Optionally, Figure 8 An ultrasonic sensor array 802 may also be included in the embodiment.

[0065] The data processing device 900 is coupled to the magnetic sensor array 801 for determining the location of the conductor where the current changes according to the comparison result of a group of signal strength changes obtained by a group of magnetic sensors. In the case of an ultrasonic sensor array 802, the data processing device 900 is also coupled to the ultrasonic sensor array 802 for determining the location of the abnormal discharge according to the signal strength of the ultrasonic sensing signal of at least one group of ultrasonic sensors.

[0066] It should be noted that the principle of locating the quenched conductor by the magnetic sensor array 801 and detecting the abnormal discharge position by the ultrasonic sensor array 802 has been described in detail in the previous embodiments, and therefore will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0067] The data processing device 900 can obtain the collected data from the magnetic sensor array 801, ultrasonic sensor array, etc. in the above-mentioned terminal, and the data processing device 900 can be connected to the magnetic sensor array 801 and ultrasonic sensor array by wired or wireless communication. For example, the signal lines of the magnetic sensor array 801 and ultrasonic sensor array can be led out from the transmission cavity 101 to the vacuum interface on the wall of the terminal shell through a vacuum lead-out tube, and the data processing device 900 can form a wired communication with the sensor through the signal line. When the magnetic sensor array 801 is set on the outer wall of the shell, a wired connection can be made directly without a vacuum lead-out tube. Alternatively, the data processing device 900 communicates with the sensor through wireless protocols such as Bluetooth, WiFi, 3G / 4G / 5G, etc. to obtain the collected data (data of the induction signal). In the above embodiment, the data processing device 900 performs the positioning calculation of the conductor quench and partial discharge locally according to the collected data of the detection sensor array. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the data processing device 900 may be implemented as a communication device of a wired or wireless communication node, serving as one of the data transfer stations for collecting data of the sensing signal.

[0068] Since there may be a transient abnormal state (such as a quench or partial discharge of several seconds), which will then recover, the data processing device 900, the monitoring center 1000 or the operation terminal 1100 can determine the duration of the abnormal state based on the waveform change of the collected data in the time dimension to determine whether it is necessary to deal with or alarm. For example, the data processing device 900 can respond to the duration of the sensing signal with a signal strength representing the abnormal state output by the detection sensor array reaching a preset threshold, and issue an alarm prompt. For another example, it can be determined whether there is a potential fault risk at present based on the frequency of the abnormal state reaching a preset threshold or the distribution in the time dimension. For example, the duration of the abnormal state has increased with the extension of time, the frequency of the abnormal state has increased, etc., indicating an increase in the risk of fault, and corresponding prompts can also be given for this situation.

[0069] In some embodiments, the data processing device 900 may be integrated or communicatively coupled to a prompter, which may be exemplified as a display and / or an alarm, and the display may display the evaluation results and may give a corresponding alarm prompt for the risk level of the evaluation results. The alarm may be implemented as an audible / optical alarm, such as a warning light, a buzzer, etc., to prompt the staff at the local location of the terminal, so as to facilitate rapid and accurate risk monitoring and processing locally.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, the data processing device 900 may also be connected to the monitoring center 1000 in communication, and the communication connection may be a remote Internet connection. The monitoring center 1000 may be a server deployed in the cloud, and the data processing device 900 may send the calculated positioning results of the quench and abnormal discharge in the terminal to the monitoring center 1000 for display at the monitoring center 1000. Alternatively, the collected data may also be sent to the monitoring center 1000 to obtain and display the positioning results at the monitoring center 1000. The monitoring center 1000 may monitor terminals in multiple areas to facilitate timely positioning of the area where the abnormal terminal is located, so as to facilitate remote, rapid and accurate risk monitoring and processing.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, the user operation terminal 1100 of the staff can also be coupled to the data processing device 900 or the monitoring center 1000 to obtain and output the positioning result. The user operation terminal 1100 can include a computer, tablet computer, smart phone, etc. at the local site or in different areas, so that the staff can view and respond immediately at the location. The user operation terminal 1100 can also have a display and an alarm for prompting the positioning result.

[0072] like Fig. 9 , which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0073] The computer device 1300 may be, for example, a server, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a smart phone or other terminal, and may be used to implement the function of the data processing device or the monitoring center in the aforementioned embodiment to calculate the positioning results of the quench and abnormal discharge.

[0074] The computer device 1300 includes a bus 1301, a processor 1302, and a memory 1303. The processor 1302 and the memory 1303 can communicate with each other through the bus 1301. The memory 1303 can store program instructions. The processor 1302 implements the function of obtaining the positioning result in the previous embodiment by running the program instructions in the memory 1303.

[0075] The bus 1301 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, although only one thick line is used in the figure, it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0076] In some embodiments, the processor 1302 may be implemented as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessing unit (MCU), a system on chip (System On Chip), or a field programmable logic array (FPGA). The memory 1303 may include a volatile memory (Volatile Memory) for temporary storage of data when running a program, such as a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM).

[0077] The memory 1303 may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory) for data storage, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), or a solid-state disk (SSD).

[0078] In some embodiments, the computer device 1300 may further include a communicator 1304. The communicator 1304 is used to communicate with the outside. In a specific example, the communicator 1304 may include one or a group of wired and / or wireless communication circuit modules. For example, the communicator 1304 may include one or more of a wired network card, a USB module, a serial interface module, etc. The wireless communication protocols followed by the wireless communication module include: for example, near field communication (NFC) technology, infrared (IR) technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), time division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), etc. One or more.

Claims

1. A superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system based on electromagnetic and ultrasonic sensor arrays, characterized in that: The terminal comprises a double-layer shell, the double-layer shell comprises an inner shell and an outer shell; a vacuum chamber is provided between the outer shell and the inner shell, the inner shell comprises a transmission chamber for extending each conductor of the superconducting cable, one end of the transmission chamber in the extension direction is a connection terminal of the conductor, and a sleeve is provided for connecting each conductor in phase correspondingly; the sleeve is for connecting to an external power grid; The detection sensor array includes a magnetic sensor array; the magnetic sensor array includes: at least one group of magnetic sensors arranged on the terminal wall along the circumference of the transmission cavity, each of the conductors maintains a preset position relationship with at least one of the magnetic sensors; each magnetic sensor is used to detect the magnetic field in the transmission cavity and output a corresponding magnetic field induction signal; the current variation generated by the conductor abnormality of the superconducting cable forms the signal strength variation of the magnetic induction signal of each magnetic sensor; a data processing device, coupled to the magnetic sensor array for determining the location of the conductor where the current changes according to a comparison result of a set of signal strength changes obtained by a set of magnetic sensors; The detection sensor array further comprises: an ultrasonic sensor array coupled to the data processing device in communication; the ultrasonic sensor array comprises: at least one group of ultrasonic sensors arranged on the wall surface of the transmission cavity along the circumference surrounding the extension direction, each group of ultrasonic sensors comprises at least three ultrasonic sensors; each ultrasonic sensor is used to detect abnormal discharge in the transmission cavity and generate a corresponding ultrasonic induction signal; the signal strength of the ultrasonic induction signal is related to the distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the abnormal discharge position; each group of ultrasonic sensors and a group of magnetic sensors are alternately arranged along the circumference of the wall surface; The data processing device is used to determine the relative position relationship between the abnormal discharge position and the group of ultrasonic sensors according to the signal strength of a group of ultrasonic sensing signals obtained by the group of ultrasonic sensors, so as to determine the abnormal discharge position.

2. The superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset position relationship means that at least one of the magnetic sensors is arranged close to a conductive line, and the distance between the magnetic sensor and the conductive line is shorter than the distance between the magnetic sensor and other conductive lines.

3. The superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The data processing device determines the position of the conductor where the current changes based on a comparison result of a group of signal strength changes obtained by a group of magnetic sensors, including: determining that the conductor with a preset position relationship with the magnetic sensor with the largest signal strength change and / or the change reaching a preset threshold is the conductor where the current changes.

4. The superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic sensor array includes a plurality of groups of magnetic sensors for mutual signal verification or backup, and the plurality of groups of magnetic sensors are arranged along the extension direction of the transmission cavity.

5. The superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the conductive wires maintains a preset positional relationship with a plurality of the magnetic sensors in a group of magnetic sensors, and the plurality of magnetic sensors are used for mutual signal verification or backup.

6. The superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the magnetic sensors is arranged on the wall surface in an adjustable circumferential position.

7. The superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one group of ultrasonic sensors includes a plurality of groups of ultrasonic sensors arranged on the inner wall along the extension direction; the data processing device is used to determine the position of abnormal discharge according to the signal strength of the ultrasonic sensing signal of the at least one group of ultrasonic sensors.

8. The superconducting cable terminal status monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing device is further used to issue an alarm in response to the duration of the sensing signal with signal strength indicating an abnormal state output by the detection sensor array reaching a preset threshold; and / or, the data processing device is further used to obtain potential fault risk information based on the temporal distribution of the sensing signal with signal strength indicating an abnormal state output by the detection sensor array; and / or, the detection sensor array is distributed on the outer wall surface or inner wall surface of the inner shell, or the inner wall surface or outer wall surface of the outer shell; and / or, the transmission cavity is filled with cooling liquid.

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