Marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on space electromagnetic network

Abstract

The present invention relates to a marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on a space electromagnetic network, comprising: a satellite terminal, including a plurality of high-orbit satellites and a plurality of medium- and low-orbit satellites, any of which is equipped with an onboard antenna; a mobile terminal, equipped with a multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna, which is used to receive radio frequency signals emitted by the satellite terminal and output processed radio frequency signals; a ground data processing center, which receives the processed radio frequency signals and performs comprehensive processing; and a mobile terminal that records and analyzes meteorological information of the atmosphere based on the signal attenuation of a first communication link. The present invention utilizes space electromagnetic signals transmitted by ocean-satellite communication links to establish a network, combines a ground-to-space integrated control system to realize joint processing of satellite communications and ground data, and together constitutes a marine environment atmosphere and ionosphere detection system, thereby realizing rapid, real-time, and accurate measurement of meteorological information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine meteorological monitoring, and in particular to a marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on a space electromagnetic network. Background Art

[0002] Among traditional meteorological detection methods, weather radar can achieve high spatial and temporal resolution in three-dimensional space, but it is susceptible to ground clutter at low elevation angles. Furthermore, marine meteorological detection primarily relies on shore-based radar, which has a limited range. Meteorological satellites can provide global observations, but they can only observe the same area twice a day, resulting in low temporal resolution that makes it difficult to meet real-time monitoring needs. Observational data is scarce in areas such as the ocean, and stations are widely spaced, unevenly distributed, and have low temporal resolution. With the advancement of satellite communication technology, dozens of communication satellites currently operate over China. In the future, with the development of low-Earth orbit constellations, satellite communication electromagnetic network signals will be present throughout China, its surrounding areas, and even globally. Leveraging the high capacity and diverse service types of satellite communications, the development of large-scale inversion monitoring technology based on space electromagnetic networks is promising. This will establish a relationship between satellite-to-ground signal propagation characteristics and ionospheric and tropospheric atmospheric parameters, providing a new means for obtaining real-time meteorological data in hotspots, and holds broad application prospects.

[0003] Today, there are over 200 satellites worldwide, providing broadcasting, communications, maritime, and navigation services. These satellites transmit electromagnetic waves in real time across various frequency bands, including L, S, C, X, Ku, and Ka, covering virtually the entire Earth. Satellite signals are affected by the combined influence of water vapor, the ionosphere, and the dry atmosphere of the troposphere, causing variations in their propagation speed and trajectory. This also results in a certain delay in signals received by receivers on the ground. Using this dense electromagnetic network, we can measure atmospheric temperature, atmospheric water vapor content, and monitor ionospheric changes. Higher electromagnetic wave frequencies are more sensitive to rainfall, making them useful for measuring rainfall intensity.

[0004] Therefore, it is an urgent problem to design a marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on space electromagnetic network with high accuracy, high temporal and spatial resolution, large coverage area and continuous observation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on a space electromagnetic network with the characteristics of high precision, high temporal and spatial resolution, large coverage area, and continuous observation, so as to realize rapid, real-time and accurate measurement of meteorological information.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on a space electromagnetic network, comprising:

[0008] The satellite end includes a plurality of high-orbit satellites and a plurality of medium-orbit and low-orbit satellites, wherein any of the high-orbit satellites or the medium-orbit and low-orbit satellites is equipped with an onboard antenna;

[0009] The mobile terminal is equipped with a multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna, which is used to receive the radio frequency signal sent by the satellite terminal and output the processed radio frequency signal;

[0010] The ground data processing center receives the processed radio frequency signals and performs comprehensive processing;

[0011] When there is at least one mobile terminal in the target sea area, a first low-orbit satellite passes through the target sea area, the mobile terminal establishes a first communication link with at least three low-orbit satellites including the first low-orbit satellite, and the mobile terminal establishes a second communication link with the high-orbit satellite, and sends the processed radio frequency signal to the ground data processing center through the second communication link, forming a complete meteorological monitoring inversion chain of the space electromagnetic network;

[0012] The mobile terminal records and analyzes meteorological information of the atmosphere based on the signal attenuation of the first communication link.

[0013] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the mobile terminal further includes:

[0014] A central control system for beam control of the multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna and control of communication link signal transmission and reception;

[0015] a signal monitoring system for monitoring signals of different beams of the antenna system;

[0016] Data processing system, used to process data from different satellites, conduct comparative analysis, and extract and calculate characteristic parameters related to the atmosphere and ionosphere;

[0017] Time synchronization system, used to synchronize the time of signals from different satellite links.

[0018] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the ground data processing center includes a data comprehensive processing system and a data recording system, and the data comprehensive processing system performs comprehensive processing on the received atmospheric and ionosphere monitoring data;

[0019] The data recording system is used to store and record monitoring data.

[0020] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the characteristic parameters include at least temperature, humidity, refractive index, and electron concentration.

[0021] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna has at least two beams, supports at least two communication modes, can simultaneously establish communication links with medium and low-orbit satellites and high-orbit satellites, and realize two-way communication.

[0022] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the data processing system includes an atmospheric temperature and humidity calculation module configured with an ITU-R rain attenuation prediction model and an ionospheric electron concentration calculation module configured with an occultation detection model.

[0023] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the atmospheric temperature and humidity solution module uses the ITU-R rain attenuation prediction model to calculate the rain attenuation value, weights the rain attenuation values corresponding to multiple first communication links in the target sea area, and comprehensively obtains the final rain attenuation result.

[0024] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna receives broadcast data sent by high-orbit satellites and medium- and low-orbit satellites. When the relative position of the medium- and low-orbit satellites and the high-orbit satellites reaches a preset threshold, the ionospheric electron concentration is inverted using the occultation detection model.

[0025] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the preset threshold is that the center line connecting the high-orbit satellite and the medium and low-orbit satellites is tangent to the outermost layer of the Earth's ionosphere.

[0026] According to a technical solution of the present invention, the calculation formula of the total electron concentration TEC of the ionosphere is:

[0027]

[0028] Where f1 represents a certain frequency, the carrier phase observation value L1 and pseudorange observation value P1 corresponding to the frequency, N represents the influence of phase ambiguity, and ε represents the observation error.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] According to the solution of the present invention, a network is established by utilizing space electromagnetic signals transmitted via ocean-satellite communication links, and combined with a space-ground integrated control system, satellite communication and ground data are jointly processed to form an ocean environment atmosphere and ionosphere detection system, thereby achieving rapid, real-time and accurate measurement of meteorological information.

[0031] The present invention forms a complete meteorological monitoring inversion chain of the space electromagnetic network through medium and low orbit satellites, high orbit satellites, mobile terminals and ground data processing centers. It can comprehensively utilize all communicative satellites passing through the target sea area to form a dense network. The sea area meteorological and ionospheric inversion results established on this basis can achieve more accurate calculations, thereby ensuring the accuracy of inversion monitoring. The onboard antennas of the space electromagnetic network are already configured for existing high, medium and low orbit satellites, and there is no need to re-develop new compatible onboard antennas, thereby improving the data application efficiency of the existing satellite links and reducing costs.

[0032] This invention fully utilizes the advantages of a large number of medium and low-orbit satellites, distributed terminals, and difficulty in destruction. Through database accumulation, it completes real-time monitoring of the vertical distribution and anomalies of atmospheric climate and ionospheric electron concentration, providing technical support for real-time detection of the atmosphere and ionosphere in ocean hotspot areas.

[0033] The multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna is set on the mobile terminal, which can be various types of sea surface ship platforms, including but not limited to fishing boats, cargo ships, handheld satellite communication equipment, etc., and can obtain more accurate meteorological information in sea areas with dense personnel or equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0035] Figure 1 Schematically showing a schematic diagram of a marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on a space electromagnetic network in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematically showing the composition of a marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on a space electromagnetic network in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The figure schematically shows the inversion annotation diagram of the ionospheric electron concentration when the center line connecting the high-orbit and medium- and low-orbit satellites is tangent to the outermost layer of the Earth's ionosphere in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The description of the embodiments in this specification should be combined with the corresponding drawings, which should be considered a complete part of this specification. In the drawings, the shapes and thicknesses of the embodiments may be exaggerated and indicated for simplicity or convenience. Furthermore, the various structural components in the drawings will be described separately. It is worth noting that components not shown in the drawings or not described in words are known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0039] The description of the embodiments herein and any references to directions and orientations are for ease of description only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The following description of the preferred embodiments may involve combinations of features, which may exist independently or in combination. The present invention is not specifically limited to the preferred embodiments. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on a space electromagnetic network, comprising:

[0041] The satellite side includes a plurality of high-orbit satellites 8 and a plurality of medium-orbit and low-orbit satellites 7. Any high-orbit satellite 8 or medium-orbit and low-orbit satellite 7 is equipped with an onboard antenna;

[0042] The mobile terminal 2 is equipped with a multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna 1, which is used to receive radio frequency signals sent by the satellite terminal and output processed radio frequency signals;

[0043] The ground data processing center 9 receives the processed radio frequency signals and performs comprehensive processing, which can be applied to weather forecasts and other purposes after comprehensive processing;

[0044] When there is at least one mobile terminal 2 in the target sea area, the first low- and medium-orbit satellite 7A passes through the target sea area, and the mobile terminal 2 establishes a first communication link with at least three low- and medium-orbit satellites including the first low- and medium-orbit satellite 7A. The mobile terminal 2 establishes a second communication link with the high-orbit satellite, and sends the processed radio frequency signal to the ground data processing center 9 via the second communication link, forming a complete meteorological monitoring inversion chain of the space electromagnetic network;

[0045] The signal processing system in the mobile terminal 2 records and analyzes meteorological information of the atmosphere based on the signal attenuation of the first communication link.

[0046] The present invention uses space electromagnetic signals transmitted by ocean-satellite communication links to establish a network, combines it with a space-ground integrated control system to realize joint processing of satellite communication and ground data, and together constitutes an ocean environment atmosphere and ionosphere detection system to achieve rapid, real-time and accurate measurement of meteorological information.

[0047] Specifically, through medium and low-orbit satellites, high-orbit satellites, mobile terminals 2 and ground data processing centers 9, a complete meteorological monitoring inversion chain of the space electromagnetic network is formed, which can comprehensively utilize all communicative satellites passing through the target sea area to form a dense network. The sea area meteorological and ionospheric inversion results established on this basis can achieve more accurate calculations, thereby ensuring the accuracy of inversion monitoring; the onboard antennas of the space electromagnetic network are already configured for the existing high, medium and low-orbit satellites 7, and there is no need to re-develop new compatible onboard antennas, which improves the data application efficiency of the existing satellite links and reduces costs.

[0048] This invention fully utilizes the advantages of a large number of medium and low-orbit satellites, distributed terminals, and difficulty in destruction. Through database accumulation, it completes real-time monitoring of the vertical distribution and anomalies of atmospheric climate and ionospheric electron concentration, providing technical support for real-time detection of the atmosphere and ionosphere in ocean hotspot areas.

[0049] The multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna 1 is set on the mobile terminal 2, which can be various types of sea surface ship platforms, including but not limited to fishing boats, cargo ships, handheld satellite communication equipment, etc., and can obtain more accurate meteorological information in sea areas with dense personnel or equipment.

[0050] The present invention's marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on a space electromagnetic network first requires the construction of a space communication network: n satellite signal receivers are deployed in target areas requiring meteorological monitoring within a large marine area. These receivers are located on a mobile terminal 2, which can be any terminal capable of satellite communication, such as a fishing vessel, cargo ship, or personal mobile phone. q communication links are formed between the n satellite signal receivers and m satellites distributed in the sky (including at least one low-orbit satellite and one high-orbit satellite, ensuring that at least one satellite in high orbit or one in low-orbit or medium orbit is available for monitoring during meteorological and ionospheric activity monitoring).

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mobile terminal 2 further includes:

[0052] A central control system 4, used for beam control of the multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna 1 and control of communication link signal transmission and reception;

[0053] a signal monitoring system 3, for monitoring signals of different beams of the antenna system;

[0054] A data processing system 5 is used to process data from different satellites, perform comparative analysis, and extract and calculate characteristic parameters related to the atmosphere and ionosphere, the characteristic parameters including at least temperature, humidity, refractive index, and electron concentration;

[0055] The time synchronization system 6 is used to synchronize the time of signals from different satellite links.

[0056] The m satellites are primarily communications and meteorological satellites currently in orbit. Without changing the current satellite structure and data transmission and reception formats, a central control system 4 and a signal monitoring system 3 establish uplink and downlink wireless signal links between multi-beam phased array antennas and orbiting satellites, achieving automated link interconnection. The links are then relayed to a ground-based data processing center 9 via satellite, enabling real-time and efficient environmental monitoring.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ground data processing center 9 includes a data integrated processing system 10 and a data recording system 11. The data integrated processing system 10 performs integrated processing on the received atmospheric and ionosphere monitoring data;

[0058] The data recording system 11 is used to store and record monitoring data.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna has at least two beams, supports at least two communication modes, can simultaneously establish communication links with medium and low-orbit satellites and high-orbit satellites, and realize two-way communication.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the data processing system 5 includes an atmospheric temperature and humidity calculation module configured with an ITU-R rain attenuation prediction model and an ionospheric electron concentration calculation module configured with an occultation detection model.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, the atmospheric temperature and humidity calculation module calculates the rain attenuation value using the ITU-R rain attenuation prediction model, weights the rain attenuation values corresponding to multiple first communication links in the target sea area, and comprehensively obtains the final rain attenuation result.

[0062] When performing weighted calculations, the higher the frequency of the satellite link, the heavier the weight, and the lower the frequency of the satellite link, the lower the weight.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a high-orbit satellite (geosynchronous satellite) is used to calculate the relationship between rain attenuation and rainfall intensity, electromagnetic wave frequency, and equivalent path length. Based on a large amount of measurement data, statistical regression analysis is performed to obtain an empirical calculation formula. The required parameters include the latitude of the Earth receiving end, altitude, antenna elevation angle, frequency, Earth radius, and the annual average minute rainfall rate for 0.01% of the time. The ITU-R model is used to update the rainfall probability over a large ocean area in real time.

[0064] In areas with a high probability of rainfall, short-duration satellite communication links are used during the transit of medium and low-orbit satellites to scan the sea surface over large areas. At this time, the satellite communication frequency is higher than that of high-orbit satellites and is more affected by rain attenuation. Meteorological information is further updated based on the rainfall probability.

[0065] When there is at least one satellite signal receiving terminal on the sea surface (any mobile terminal 2 with satellite communication function) in the target sea area, whenever a medium or low orbit satellite passes through the target sea area, by establishing a satellite link, the mobile terminal 2 on the sea surface can connect to at least three medium or low orbit satellites at the same time. By establishing three first satellite communication links, a plane can be determined in the same atmosphere. At this time, the meteorological information of the atmosphere can be recorded and analyzed through the signal attenuation of the three satellite links. The results are collected to the mobile terminal 2, and a connection is established with the high orbit satellite (or geosynchronous orbit satellite) through the mobile terminal 2. The medium or low orbit satellite signals are forwarded through the inter-satellite link to the ground satellite receiving station, and are uniformly processed by the data processing platform of the receiving station to form a complete meteorological monitoring inversion chain of the space electromagnetic network.

[0066] The central axis angle of each main lobe of the multi-beam phased array antenna should be at least greater than the 3dB bandwidth of a single beam. When the mobile terminal 2 establishes the first satellite communication link with three medium and low orbit satellites including the first medium and low orbit satellite 7A, it is assumed that the 3dB beam width of each beam is 10°, and the angle between the central axes of adjacent beams is set to 15°-20°; if a QV band antenna is used, the beam is relatively narrow and the angle can be in the range of 3-5°.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna 1 receives broadcast data sent by high-orbit satellites and medium- and low-orbit satellites. When the relative position of the medium- and low-orbit satellites and the high-orbit satellites reaches a preset threshold, the ionospheric electron concentration is inverted using the occultation detection model;

[0068] The preset threshold is that the line connecting the centers of high-orbit satellites and medium-orbit satellites is tangent to the outermost layer of the Earth's ionosphere.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, when the relative distance between the medium and low orbit satellites and the high orbit satellites reaches a preset threshold, the threshold is that the center line connecting the high orbit and medium and low orbit satellites is tangent to the outermost layer of the Earth's ionosphere. When this condition is met, the ionospheric change information of the current sea area can be calculated based on the geometric relationship, thereby realizing ionospheric monitoring.

[0070] Figure 3 In the equation, O is the center of the Earth, M is the tangent point of the ionospheric rays, P is the tangent point of the occultation rays in vacuum, and S is the tangent point of the ionospheric rays in vacuum. LEO is the distance from the LEO satellite to the tangent point P, S GEO is the distance from the GEO satellite to the tangent point P. α GEO and α LEO are the included angles between the real satellite and the RF signal in vacuum at the high-orbit satellite end and the low-orbit satellite end respectively. -α is the bending angle of the RF signal of the low-orbit satellite. GEO and r LEO is the distance between high-orbit satellites and low-orbit satellites and the center of the earth.

[0071] Atmospheric refractive index is the ratio of the signal's velocity c in vacuum to its instantaneous velocity v in the atmosphere, where the atmospheric refractive index is N = 10 6 (n-1). Both are affected by the signal frequency, atmospheric parameters such as ionization characteristics, composition, density, temperature and humidity. Considering the atmosphere as an ideal gas, we can obtain: Where P is the atmospheric pressure (unit: hPa), T is the atmospheric temperature (unit: K), e is the water vapor partial pressure (unit: hPa), n e is the electron density (unit: electrons / m3), f is the transmitter frequency (unit: Hz), and W is the mass of atmospheric condensed water (g / m3). The four terms in the formula represent the contributions to the refractive index from the dry atmosphere, the moist atmosphere (i.e., water vapor), the ionosphere, and scattering, respectively. The third and fourth terms are negligible due to their negligible contribution to atmospheric refraction.

[0072] TEC (total ionospheric electron concentration) can be calculated using the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] Where f1 represents a certain frequency, the carrier phase observation value L1 and pseudorange observation value P1 corresponding to the frequency, N represents the influence of phase ambiguity, and ε represents the observation error.

[0075] The bending angle α and the collision parameter a can be obtained through geometric relationships, and α=φ GEO +φ LEO +θ-π, there is a relationship between the bending angle and the refractive index:

[0076] After obtaining the relationship between the bending angle and the collision parameter α(a), we can Calculate the corresponding electron density.

[0077] The present invention provides a marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on a space electromagnetic network. Through medium and low-orbit satellites, high-orbit satellites, mobile terminals, and ground data processing centers, a complete space electromagnetic network meteorological monitoring inversion chain is formed. This system can comprehensively utilize all communicable satellites passing through the target sea area to form a dense network. The marine meteorological and ionosphere inversion results established on this basis can achieve more accurate calculations, thereby ensuring the accuracy of inversion monitoring. The onboard antennas of the space electromagnetic network are already configured for existing high, medium, and low-orbit satellites, eliminating the need to redevelop new compatible onboard antennas, thereby improving the data application efficiency of existing satellite links and reducing costs. In addition, the present invention fully utilizes the advantages of a large number of medium and low-orbit satellites, distributed terminals, and the difficulty of being destroyed. Through database accumulation, the system completes real-time monitoring of the vertical distribution and anomalies of atmospheric climate and ionospheric electron concentration, providing technical support for real-time detection of the atmosphere and ionosphere in marine hotspot areas.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any formal limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the spirit and technical solution of the present invention, use the methods and technical contents disclosed above to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine meteorological parameter inversion system based on space electromagnetic network, characterized in that: include: The satellite end includes a plurality of high-orbit satellites and a plurality of medium-orbit and low-orbit satellites, wherein any of the high-orbit satellites or the medium-orbit and low-orbit satellites is equipped with an onboard antenna; The mobile terminal (2) is equipped with a multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna (1), wherein the multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna (1) is used to receive the radio frequency signal sent by the satellite terminal and output the processed radio frequency signal; A ground data processing center (9) receives the processed radio frequency signal and performs comprehensive processing; When at least one mobile terminal (2) exists in the target sea area, a first low-medium orbit satellite (7A) passes through the target sea area, the mobile terminal (2) establishes a first communication link with at least three low-medium orbit satellites (7) including the first low-medium orbit satellite (7A), the mobile terminal (2) establishes a second communication link with a high-orbit satellite (8), and sends the processed radio frequency signal to the ground data processing center (9) via the second communication link, thereby forming a complete meteorological monitoring inversion chain of the space electromagnetic network; The mobile terminal (2) records and analyzes meteorological information of the atmosphere based on the signal attenuation of the first communication link; The mobile terminal (2) further includes: A central control system (4) for controlling the beam of the multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna (1) and controlling the transmission and reception of communication link signals; A signal monitoring system (3) for monitoring signals of different beams of the antenna; A data processing system (5) for processing data from different satellites, performing comparative analysis, and extracting and calculating characteristic parameters related to the atmosphere and ionosphere; The time synchronization system (6) is used for performing time synchronization on signals from different satellite links.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The ground data processing center (9) includes a data comprehensive processing system (10) and a data recording system (11), wherein the data comprehensive processing system (10) performs comprehensive processing on the received atmospheric and ionosphere monitoring data; The data recording system (11) is used to store and record monitoring data.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The characteristic parameters include at least temperature, humidity, refractive index, and electron concentration.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna has at least two beams, supports at least two communication modes, and can simultaneously establish communication links with a medium- and low-orbit satellite (7) and a high-orbit satellite (8), thereby achieving two-way communication.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The data processing system (5) comprises an atmospheric temperature and humidity calculation module configured with an ITU-R rain attenuation prediction model and an ionospheric electron concentration calculation module configured with an occultation detection model.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The atmospheric temperature and humidity calculation module calculates the rain attenuation value using the ITU-R rain attenuation prediction model, weights the rain attenuation values corresponding to the multiple first communication links in the target sea area, and comprehensively obtains the final rain attenuation result.

7. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The multi-mode multi-beam phased array antenna (1) receives broadcast data sent by a high-orbit satellite (8) and a medium-low-orbit satellite (7). When the relative position of the medium-low-orbit satellite (7) and the high-orbit satellite (8) reaches a preset threshold, an occultation detection model is used to invert the ionospheric electron concentration.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The preset threshold is the point where the center line connecting the high-orbit satellite (8) and the medium-orbit satellite (7) is tangent to the outermost layer of the Earth's ionosphere.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The calculation formula of the total ionospheric electron concentration TEC is: Where f1 represents a certain frequency, the carrier phase observation value L1 and pseudorange observation value P1 corresponding to the frequency, N represents the influence of phase ambiguity, and ε represents the observation error.

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