An automated drill rig and anchor protection system

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic drilling rig and anchoring system. The automatic drilling rig includes a frame and a drill box, a chemical delivery mechanism, an anchor box, a switching mechanism, and a centering mechanism mounted on the frame. The drill box is laterally slidable at the lower part of the frame and drills holes via drill rods. The chemical delivery mechanism is located in the middle of the frame and delivers anchoring agent to the borehole through a spray sleeve. The anchor box is laterally slidable at the middle of the frame, located on the same side as the drill box, and is used to insert anchor rods into the boreholes where anchoring agent has been delivered. The switching mechanism is located at the lower part of the frame and drives the drill box and anchor box to slide laterally, so that the drill rod and anchor rod are sequentially positioned in working positions. The centering mechanism is located at the upper part of the frame and drives the spray sleeve to the working position and moves the drill rod in the working position to a borehole clearance position. This invention solves the technical problem that existing automatic drilling rigs cannot sequentially switch between drilling, chemical delivery, and anchor rod states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the technical field of downhole anchor support equipment, specifically relating to an automatic drilling frame and anchor support system. Background Technology

[0002] At present, the level of automation in the support of underground coal mine roadways is still low. Most of them use machine-mounted anchor drill frames or single drilling rigs for roadway support. This has many hidden dangers and risks, such as long support time, large number of workers, high labor intensity, low support efficiency, serious occupational disease hazards, and the need for operators to be in the unsupported roof area during working hours. As a result, mining and excavation are severely unbalanced, support time is long, and the progress of tunneling and coal mining efficiency are seriously affected. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an automatic drill frame and anchoring system that can solve at least some of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] A first aspect of the present disclosure provides an automatic drill rig, the automatic drill rig comprising:

[0005] frame;

[0006] The drill box is slidably mounted on the lower part of the frame and drills holes through the drill rod;

[0007] The drug delivery mechanism is located in the middle of the frame and delivers the anchoring agent into the borehole through the spraying sleeve;

[0008] An anchor box is laterally slidably disposed in the middle of the frame and located on the same side of the frame as the drill box, and is used to insert the anchor rod into the drill hole into which the anchoring agent has been delivered;

[0009] A switching mechanism is located at the lower part of the frame and is used to drive the drill box and anchor box to slide laterally so that the drill rod and anchor rod are in the working position in sequence.

[0010] The centering mechanism is located on the upper part of the frame and is used to drive the spraying sleeve to the working position and to move the drill rod in the working position to the drilling clearance position.

[0011] The automatic drilling frame has a drilling state, a chemical delivery state, and an anchor bolt state. When the automatic drilling frame is in the drilling state, the drill rod is in the working position, the anchor bolt is in the anchor hole waiting position, and the chemical spraying sleeve is in the anchoring waiting position.

[0012] When the automatic drilling frame is in the delivery state, the drill rod is in the clearance position, the anchor rod is in the anchor hole waiting position, and the spraying sleeve is in the working position.

[0013] When the automatic drilling frame is in the anchor bolt state, the drill rod is in the drilling waiting position, the anchor bolt is in the working position, and the spraying sleeve is in the anchoring waiting position.

[0014] Optionally, the switching mechanism includes a switching frame, comprising a vertical plate and a left fixed platform and a right fixed platform connected to both ends of the vertical plate; the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the frame;

[0015] A switching cylinder is installed between the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform; the switching cylinder is connected to the drill box and the anchor box to drive the drill box and the anchor box to move laterally;

[0016] The bottom end of the drill box and the bottom end of the anchor box are located on the same side of the vertical plate and between the vertical plate and the driving component.

[0017] Optionally, the switching cylinder includes a piston rod and a cylinder barrel, with the two ends of the piston rod connected to the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform, respectively;

[0018] The cylinder is sleeved on the piston rod and slidably connected to the piston rod; the cylinder is detachably connected to the drill box and the anchor box; wherein, the cylinder includes a cylinder body and a first connecting part and a second connecting part disposed on the cylinder body; wherein, the first connecting part is slidably connected to the drill box in the vertical direction, and the second connecting part is slidably connected to the anchor box in the vertical direction.

[0019] Optionally, the automatic drilling frame further includes a protective rod, which is laterally slidably mounted on the frame along the sliding direction of the drill box and the anchor box; the protective rod is provided with a protective notch, through which the drill rod in the drill box passes vertically, and / or, through which the anchor rod in the anchor box passes vertically;

[0020] During the process of driving the spraying sleeve to move, the centering mechanism can cause the top end of the drill rod to shift along with it through the spraying sleeve. During the process of the drill rod shifting along with the spraying sleeve, the spraying sleeve can also abut against the guard rod, so that the guard rod can slide laterally and ultimately cause the drill rod to disengage from the protective notch.

[0021] Optionally, the centering mechanism includes a centering drive and a swing arm; one end of the swing arm is rotatably connected to the frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the spraying sleeve; the centering drive is used to drive the swing arm to rotate.

[0022] Optionally, the spraying sleeve includes a main body and a fork-shaped member and an abutment surface disposed on the main body; the abutment surface is used to abut against the guard rod member; the fork-shaped member is used to fork away the drill rod; the fork-shaped member and the guard rod member are located at different heights; the distance between the fork-shaped member and the swing center of the swing arm is less than the distance between the abutment surface and the swing center of the swing arm.

[0023] Optionally, the delivery mechanism includes a rope drive, a rope storage tube, and a drug storage tube; one end of the drug storage tube is connected to the rope drive, and the other end passes through the spraying sleeve; the rope storage tube is connected to the rope drive to provide a steel wire rope to the rope drive, so that the rope drive can drive the anchoring agent along the drug storage tube into the borehole via the steel wire rope.

[0024] Optionally, the automatic drilling rig further includes a positioning component disposed at the top of the frame; the positioning component is used to guide the drill rod.

[0025] Optionally, the positioning assembly includes a clamping cylinder, a rocker arm, and a centering bearing; one end of the rocker arm is rotatably connected to the frame; the other end of the rocker arm is fixedly connected to the centering bearing; the centering bearing has a positioning hole; when the automatic drilling frame is in the drilling state, the clamping cylinder drives the rocker arm to swing, so as to send the centering bearing to the working position for the drill rod to pass through.

[0026] The main technical effects achieved by the embodiments of this disclosure are: the switching mechanism adopts a side-mounted arrangement, which is more reasonable in structure, reduces jamming during the switching process, and has higher reliability; at the same time, based on the sliding switching of the drill box and anchor box, it also realizes the functions of drug delivery and anchor cable, making the automatic drilling frame more versatile and adaptable to any anchor support equipment.

[0027] A second aspect of this disclosure provides an automatic anchoring system, the automatic anchoring system including a lifting drive and an automatic drilling frame as described above; the automatic drilling frame includes a top plate disposed at the top of the frame, a top cone disposed on the top plate, and a lifting mechanism disposed on the frame; the lifting drive can lift the automatic drilling frame through the lifting mechanism, so that the top cone can be inserted into the coal and rock fixed above the automatic drilling frame.

[0028] The main technical effects achieved by the embodiments of this disclosure are: the lifting mechanism is located on the other side of the frame and connected to the lifting drive component, which can realize the lifting and lowering function of the automatic drilling frame body over a certain distance, and then fix the automatic drilling frame by inserting the top cone into the coal and rock above the automatic drilling frame. At the same time, the lifting mechanism is integrated on the drilling frame, which has high reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic drilling frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a positioning component structure in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a top view of an automatic drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of an automatic drilling frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between a connecting plate and a fixing base in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide post according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switching cylinder in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a guardrail mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guard rod in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drug delivery mechanism and a centering mechanism in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spraying sleeve in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the centering mechanism in the avoidance position in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the centering mechanism at the first swing angle in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the centering mechanism at the second swing angle in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the centering mechanism in the third swing angle position in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Frame;

[0046] 2. Positioning assembly; 21. Top plate; 22. Top cone; 23. Pin; 24. Clamping cylinder; 25. Rocker arm; 26. Centering bearing;

[0047] 3. Drug delivery mechanism; 31. Spraying sleeve; 32. Swing arm; 37. Centering drive; 310. Drug storage tube; 311. Rope drive; 312. Rope storage tube; 314. Spray nozzle; 313. Lifting cylinder; 315. Fork-shaped component; 316. Abutment surface; 318. Anchoring agent;

[0048] 4. Drill box; 5. Anchor box;

[0049] 6. Switching mechanism; 60. Vertical plate; 61. Left fixed platform; 62. Right fixed platform; 63. Anti-rotation plate; 64. First switching block; 65. Anti-rotation bar; 66. Switching cylinder; 660. Cylinder barrel; 661. Piston rod; 662. First connecting part; 663. Second connecting part; 67. Second switching block; 68. Adjusting screw; 69. Proximity switch;

[0050] 7. Feeding mechanism; 71. Connecting plate; 72. Guide column; 74. Fixed seat; 721. Cutting surface; 722. Arc surface; 723. First chamfer; 741. Second chamfer;

[0051] 8. Lifting mechanism; 81. Guide rail; 82. Pressure plate; 83. Narrow wear-resistant strip; 84. Wide wear-resistant strip; 85. Adjusting screw; 86. Guide groove;

[0052] 9. Guard post mechanism; 91. Guard post component; 92. Guide rod; 93. Return spring; 94. Rotating shaft; 95. Locking nut; 96. Return torsion spring; 97. Fixing lug; 98. Limit screw; 99. Locking plate; 910. Protective notch; 911. First protective part; 912. Second protective part; 913. Third protective part; 914. Abutment part; 915. Lubrication hole; 916. Guide hole;

[0053] 10. Anchor bolt; 11. Drill rod. Detailed Implementation

[0054] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The manner described in the following exemplary embodiments does not represent all manner consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0055] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should be understood in their ordinary sense by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure and the claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “a” or “one,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one, which will be separately stated if referring only to “a.” “A plurality” or “several” means two or more. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “front,” “rear,” “lower,” and / or “upper,” and similar terms are for ease of description only and are not limited to a location or spatial orientation. The terms “comprising,” “including,” or “including,” and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding “comprising” or “including” encompass the elements or objects listed following “comprising” or “including” and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms “connection” or “link” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0056] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this disclosure provides an automatic drilling rig. The automatic drilling rig includes a frame 1 and a positioning assembly 2, a delivery mechanism 3, a drill box 4, an anchor box 5, a switching mechanism 6, a feeding mechanism 7, a lifting mechanism 8, and a rod guard mechanism 9, all mounted on the frame 1. The frame 1 is generally rectangular and is welded from a high-strength plate structure. The drill box 4 is laterally slidably mounted in the middle of the frame 1 and is used to store drill rods 11 and drive the drill rods 11 to perform drilling operations. The anchor box 5 is laterally slidably mounted in the lower part of the frame 1, located on the same side of the frame 1 as the drill box 4, and is used to store anchor rods 10 and drive the anchor rods 10 to be inserted into the drilled hole into which anchoring agent 318 has been delivered to achieve anchoring operations. The delivery mechanism 3 is located in the middle of the frame 1 and delivers the anchoring agent 318 into the drilled hole through a spraying sleeve 31. The switching mechanism 6 is located at the lower part of the frame 1 and is used to drive the drill box 4 and anchor box 5 to slide laterally so that the drill rod 11 and anchor rod 10 are in the working position in sequence. The centering mechanism is located at the upper part of the frame 1 and is used to drive the spraying sleeve 31 to the working position and to move the drill rod 11 in the working position to the borehole clearance position.

[0057] The automatic drilling frame has three states: drilling, chemical delivery, and anchor bolting. When the automatic drilling frame is in the drilling state, the drill rod 11 is in the working position, the anchor bolt 10 is in the anchor hole waiting position, and the spraying sleeve 31 is in the anchoring waiting position. When the automatic drilling frame is in the chemical delivery state, the drill rod 11 is in the avoidance position, the anchor bolt 10 is in the anchor hole waiting position, and the spraying sleeve 31 is in the working position. When the automatic drilling frame is in the anchor bolting state, the drill rod 11 is in the drilling waiting position, the anchor bolt 10 is in the working position, and the spraying sleeve 31 is in the anchoring waiting position.

[0058] In this disclosure, the switching mechanism 6 adopts a side-mounted arrangement, which is more reasonable in structure, reduces jamming during the switching process, and has higher reliability. At the same time, based on the sliding switching of the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5, it also realizes the functions of anchoring and anchor cable, making the automatic drilling frame more versatile and adaptable to any anchor bolt 10 support equipment.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the positioning component 2 is located at the top of the frame 1 and is used to accurately position the drill rod 11 in the drill box 4 during drilling. When the drilling rig is performing anchor bolt 10 support operations, the positioning component 2 needs to be placed against the coal wall to support the entire machine, stabilize the machine body, and facilitate operation. As an optional implementation, the positioning component 2 includes a clamping cylinder 24, a swing rod 25, and a centering bearing 26; one end of the swing rod 25 is rotatably connected to the frame 1; the other end of the swing rod 25 is fixedly connected to the centering bearing 26; the centering bearing 26 is provided with a positioning hole; when the automatic drilling frame is in the drilling state, the clamping cylinder 24 drives the swing rod 25 to swing, so as to send the centering bearing 26 to the working position for the drill rod 11 to pass through. When the automatic drill frame is in drilling mode, the drill rod 11 passes through the positioning hole on the positioning bearing in the working position. This positioning hole prevents the drill rod 11 from deviating during drilling. When the automatic drill frame is in anchor mode, the centering bearing 26 moves to the idle position under the drive of the clamping cylinder 24. Specifically, the positioning component 2 in this disclosure includes two symmetrically distributed clamping cylinders 24 and two symmetrically distributed rocker arms 25. The two rocker arms 25 are respectively connected to both sides of the centering bearing 26, thereby ensuring the stability of the centering bearing 26. The centering bearing 26 adopts a funnel structure, which can guide the drill rod 11 at the beginning of drilling, facilitating precise positioning of the drilling position.

[0060] It should be noted that the rocker arm 25 and the centering bearing 26 are designed as separate parts in this disclosure, so that the centering bearing 26 can be replaced with different specifications as needed, thereby improving the adaptability of the positioning assembly 2 to the drill pipe 11.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the positioning assembly 2 further includes a top plate 21, a top cone 22, and a pin 23. The top plate 21 is disposed at the top of the frame 1; the top cone 22 is disposed on the upper surface of the top plate 21. The positioning assembly 2 in this disclosure includes two top cones 22. Of course, in other embodiments, the positioning assembly 2 may include more top cones 22, and this disclosure is not limited thereto. The lifting mechanism 8 described above can lift the automatic drilling frame body a certain distance, so that the top cone 22 can be inserted into the coal and rock fixed above the automatic drilling frame, thereby fixing the automatic drilling frame.

[0062] like Figure 16 As shown, the lifting mechanism 8 is located on the other side of the frame 1 and is connected to the external lifting drive component, enabling the drill frame body to be raised and lowered a certain distance. Specifically, the lifting mechanism 8 includes a guide rail 81, a guide groove 86, a narrow wear-resistant strip 83, a wide wear-resistant strip 84, and an adjusting screw 85. The adjusting screw 85 is located externally. The lifting mechanism 8 is integrated into the drill frame and can be adjusted in real time according to the wear amount of the narrow wear-resistant strip 83 and the wide wear-resistant strip 84, making maintenance convenient and highly reliable.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the switching mechanism 6 includes a switching frame and a switching cylinder 66. The switching frame includes a vertical plate 60 and a left fixed platform 61 and a right fixed platform 62 connected to both ends of the vertical plate 60; the vertical plate 60 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 of the automatic drilling frame. The switching cylinder 66 is installed between the left fixed platform 61 and the right fixed platform 62; the switching cylinder 66 is connected to the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5 to drive the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5 to move laterally; wherein, the bottom end of the drill box 4 and the bottom end of the anchor box 5 are located on the same side of the vertical plate 60 and between the vertical plate 60 and the driving component. This arrangement facilitates the switching mechanism 6 in switching the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5.

[0064] like Figure 7As shown, in one optional embodiment, the switching cylinder 66 includes a piston rod 661 and a cylinder barrel 660. The two ends of the piston rod 661 are connected to the left fixed platform 61 and the right fixed platform 62, respectively. The cylinder barrel 660 is sleeved on the piston rod 661 and slidably connected to it. The cylinder barrel 660 is detachably connected to the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5. More preferably, the cylinder barrel 660 includes a cylindrical body and a first connecting portion 662 and a second connecting portion 663 disposed on the cylindrical body; wherein the first connecting portion 662 is slidably connected to the drill box 4 in the vertical direction, and the second connecting portion 663 is slidably connected to the anchor box 5 in the vertical direction. Specifically, the switching mechanism 6 also includes a first switching block 64 fixedly connected to the anchor box 5 and a second switching block 67 fixedly connected to the drill box 4; the first switching block 64 is provided with a vertical first sliding groove, and during the downward movement of the anchor box 5, the protrusion on the first connecting part 662 extends into the first sliding groove, thereby establishing a connection between the switching cylinder 66 and the anchor box 5; and the second switching block 67 is provided with a vertical second sliding groove, and during the downward movement of the drill box 4, the protrusion on the second connecting part 663 extends into the second sliding groove, thereby establishing a connection between the switching cylinder 66 and the drill box 4; through this arrangement, both the detachable connection between the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5 and the switching cylinder 66 is realized, and the switching cylinder 66 can push the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5 laterally.

[0065] As an optional implementation, the piston rod 661 has stepped structures at both ends. This design facilitates the connection of the piston rod 661 to the left fixed platform 61 and the right fixed platform 62 respectively, and the stepped structure also serves a positioning function.

[0066] As an optional implementation, the switching mechanism 6 further includes an anti-rotation plate 63, the two ends of which are connected to the left fixed platform 61 and the right fixed platform 62, respectively; the anti-rotation plate 63 abuts against the plane on the cylinder 660. This arrangement can prevent the switching cylinder 66 from rotating circumferentially, thereby ensuring the stability of the switching cylinder 66 in pushing the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5 laterally.

[0067] As an optional implementation, the switching cylinder 66 is further provided with a laterally extending groove, which is disposed on the cylinder barrel 660; the switching mechanism 6 also includes an anti-rotation strip 65 disposed on the anti-rotation plate 63; the anti-rotation strip 65 is adapted to the groove and passes through the groove. This arrangement can prevent the switching cylinder 66 from rotating, thereby further ensuring the stability of the switching cylinder 66 laterally pushing the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5.

[0068] As an optional implementation, the switching mechanism 6 also includes an adjusting screw 68 and a proximity switch 69 disposed on the left fixed platform 61 or the right fixed platform 62. The adjusting screw 68 limits the stroke range of the switching cylinder 66, and the switch detects the position signal of the cylinder 660 and transmits the signal to the control system.

[0069] like Figure 5 As shown, the automatic drilling rig also includes a feed mechanism 7, which drives the drill box 4 or anchor box 5 to reciprocate vertically. The feed mechanism 7 includes a feed drive component, a connecting plate 71, and a fixed base 74. The connecting plate 71 is connected to the drill box 4 and / or anchor box 5 and is provided with a guide post 72; the fixed base 74 is fixedly connected to the frame 1 and is provided with a sliding groove; the connecting plate 71 is slidably connected through the cooperation of the guide post 72 and the sliding groove. As an optional embodiment, the guide post 72 and the fixed base 74 are not in full circumferential contact, i.e., there is a gap between the guide post 72 and the sliding groove. Specifically, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, the vertical cross-section of the chute is fan-shaped, and the surface of the guide post 72 includes multiple cut surfaces 721 and more arc surfaces 722 that fit the chute; the cut surfaces 721 are located between two adjacent arc surfaces 722. This arrangement facilitates proper dredging of silt between the guide post 72 and the chute.

[0070] The guide post 72 is provided with a first chamfer 723; the fixed seat 74 is provided with a second chamfer 741; the first chamfer 723 and the second chamfer 741 cooperate to facilitate the guidance between the guide post 72 and the fixed seat 72.

[0071] like Figure 10 As shown, the delivery mechanism 3 is located at the side end of the frame 1 and includes a rope drive 311, a rope storage tube 312, and a drug storage tube 310. One end of the drug storage tube 310 is connected to the rope drive 311, and the other end passes through the spraying sleeve. The rope storage tube 312 is connected to the rope drive 311 to provide a steel wire rope to the rope drive 311, so that the rope drive 311 can drive the anchoring agent 318 along the drug storage tube 310 into the borehole via the steel wire rope. This arrangement makes the delivery mechanism 3 compact, enabling both the delivery of the anchor bolt 10 and the installation of the anchor cable. The drug storage tube 310 can hold three cartridges, ensuring the required number of cartridges for anchor cable installation.

[0072] Specifically, the delivery mechanism 3 also includes a nozzle 314 and a lifting cylinder 313. The nozzle 314 is connected to the storage pipe 310 and is located inside the spray sleeve 31. The lifting cylinder 313 is used to lift the nozzle 314, thereby realizing the delivery of the anchoring agent 318.

[0073] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the automatic drilling rig also includes a rod protection mechanism 9, which is located on the other side of the frame 1. The rod protection mechanism 9 defines the anchor rod 10 in the working position and the waiting position, allowing the head of the anchor rod 10 to smoothly enter the centering bearing 26 of the positioning assembly 2. The rod protection mechanism 9 protects the drill rod 11 in the working position, ensuring its head smoothly enters the centering bearing 26 of the positioning assembly 2. The rod protection mechanism 9 includes a rod protection member 91. The rod protection member 91 is laterally slidably mounted on the frame 1 along the sliding direction of the drill box 4 and the anchor box 5. The rod protection member 91 has a protective notch 910 through which the drill rod 11 in the drill box 4 vertically passes, and / or, the anchor rod 10 in the anchor box 5 vertically passes through the protective notch 910. With this configuration, the rod protection member can essentially prevent the anchor rod 10 and the drill rod 11 from being affected by other objects. Specifically, when the automatic drilling frame is in the drilling state, both the drill rod 11 and the anchor rod 10 are located within the protective notch 910, with the drill rod 11 located at the opening of the protective notch 910 and the anchor rod 10 located at the inner end of the protective notch 910; when the automatic drilling frame is in the delivery state, the anchor rod 10 is located inside the protective notch 910 and the drill rod 11 is located outside the protective notch 910; when the automatic drilling frame is in the anchor rod state, the anchor rod 10 is located at the opening of the protective notch 910 and the drill rod 11 is located outside the protective notch 910.

[0074] Continue to refer to Figure 9 As an optional implementation, the guard rod member 91 includes a first protective part 911, a second protective part 912, and a third protective part 913; the first protective part 911 and the third protective part 913 are arranged opposite to each other and respectively connected to the two ends of the second protective part 912; the protective notch 910 is located between the first protective part 911, the second protective part 912, and the third protective part 913. With this arrangement, the main body of the guard rod member 91 is U-shaped, which can prevent the anchor rod 10 and the drill rod 11 from shifting, and also facilitate the entry and exit of the drill rod 11.

[0075] As an optional implementation, the guard rod 91 further includes an abutment portion 914; the abutment portion 914 is located at the end of the first protective portion 911 or the third protective portion 913 away from the second protective portion 912, and the abutment portion 914 is away from the protective notch 910. This arrangement increases the contact area 316 between the guard rod 91 and the centering mechanism, thereby increasing the sliding stroke of the guard rod 91 and facilitating the removal of the drill rod 11 from the protective notch 910. Specifically, the abutment portion 914 is preferably made of a wear-resistant material to ensure service life.

[0076] As an optional implementation, the rod protection mechanism 9 further includes a rotating shaft 94 and a guide rod 92. The rotating shaft 94 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 so as to be able to rotate about its own longitudinally extending axis; the guide rod 92 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 94; wherein, the rod protection member 91 is slidably connected to the guide rod 92. This arrangement can provide more comprehensive protection for the drill rod 11. Specifically, the rod protection member 91 has an initial state and a protected state. The initial state is horizontal, and the protected state is tilted upward. Specifically, when the drill box 4 carries the drill rod 11 to a certain height during the drilling process, if the drill rod 11 is misaligned, the upper part of the drill box will hit the rod protection member 91, and then drive the end of the rod protection member 91 to rise, thereby playing a buffering role. Specifically, the rod protection mechanism 9 in this disclosure includes two guide rods 92, and the rod protection member 91 is provided with two guide holes 916 that are respectively adapted to the two guide rods 92, thereby ensuring the stability of the sliding of the rod protection member 91. Of course, in this embodiment, the end of the guide rod 92 away from the rotation shaft 94 is a limiting end to prevent the guard rod 91 from scraping out of the guide rod 92. The rotation shaft 94 is mounted on the fixed lug 97 of the frame 1, and the other end is limited by the locking plate 99.

[0077] As an optional implementation, the guard rod 91 is also provided with a lubrication hole 915. The extension direction of the lubrication hole 915 is not the same as the extension direction of the guide hole 916, and the lubrication hole 915 is connected to the guide hole 916 to facilitate the addition of lubricating oil.

[0078] As an optional implementation, a reset torsion spring 96 is installed on the rotating shaft 94. One end of the reset torsion spring 96 is fixed by a torsion spring limiting block fixed on the rotating shaft 94, and the other end is limited by a limiting screw 98 fixed on the fixing lug 97. The limiting screw 98 has multiple positions, which can be selected as needed to adjust the rotation angle of the guard rod 91.

[0079] As an optional implementation, the guard rod mechanism 9 further includes a return spring 93, which is sleeved on the guide rod 92, and its two ends are connected to the rotating shaft 94 and the guard rod member 91, respectively. With this arrangement, when the guard rod member 91 is no longer in contact with the centering mechanism, the guard rod member 91 can automatically return to its original position under the action of the return spring 93.

[0080] like Figure 10As shown, the centering mechanism includes a centering drive 37 and a swing arm 32. One end of the swing arm 32 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the spraying sleeve. The centering drive 37 drives the swing arm 32 to rotate. During the swinging of the swing arm 32, the spraying sleeve can cause the top end of the drill rod 11 to shift accordingly. As the drill rod 11 shifts with the spraying sleeve, the spraying sleeve can also abut against the guard rod 91, allowing the guard rod 91 to slide laterally and ultimately causing the drill rod 11 to disengage from the protective notch 910. Through the cooperation of the guard rod 91 and the spraying sleeve, the guard rod 91 protects the drill rod 11, while also accommodating the switching between drilling and anchoring operations of the automatic drilling frame.

[0081] It should be noted that the centering drive component 37 in this disclosure can be a motor or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0082] like Figure 11 As shown, in one optional embodiment, the spraying sleeve includes a main body and a fork-shaped member 315 and a contact surface 316 disposed on the main body; wherein, the contact surface 316 is an arc-shaped surface with high smoothness and high wear resistance. The contact surface 316 is used to abut against the guard rod member 91; the fork-shaped member 315 is used to fork the drill rod 11; the contact surface 316 and the fork-shaped member 315 are distributed sequentially along the swing direction of the swing arm 32 toward the guard rod member 91. This arrangement allows the fork-shaped member 315 to contact the drill rod 11 first during the movement of the spraying sleeve following the swing arm 32, and when the guard rod member 91 is abutted and moves toward the direction of rotation 94, the fork-shaped member 315 can drive the drill rod 11 to move away from the rotation axis 94, or the fork-shaped member 315 can drive the drill rod 11 to move toward the direction of rotation 94 at a slower speed, thereby allowing the drill rod 11 to disengage from the protective notch 910.

[0083] As an optional implementation, the fork-shaped member 315 and the guard bar member 91 are located at different heights, with the fork-shaped member 315 positioned above the guard bar member 91. This arrangement avoids interference between the guard bar member 91 and the fork-shaped member 315.

[0084] As an optional implementation, the distance between the fork-shaped member 315 and the swing center of the swing arm 32 is less than the distance between the abutment surface 316 and the swing center of the swing arm 32. This arrangement ensures that the distance by which the fork-shaped member 315 drives the drill rod 11 to move closer to the rotation axis 94 is less than the distance by which the abutment surface 316 drives the guard rod member 91 to move closer to the rotation axis 94, thereby allowing the drill rod 11 to disengage from the protective notch 910.

[0085] like Figure 12-15 The diagram illustrates the switching process of the automatic drilling rig of this disclosure between drilling, chemical delivery, and anchor bolting states:

[0086] like Figure 12 As shown, drill rod 11 is in the working position, i.e., position A; anchor rod 10 is in the anchor hole waiting position, i.e., position D; and spray sleeve 31 is in the clearance position, E. At this time, the return spring 93 of the guard rod mechanism 9 is in an uncompressed state and its length is L1. Both drill rod 11 and anchor rod 10 are within the protective notch 910 of the guard rod component 91.

[0087] like Figure 13 As shown, the spray sleeve 31 is at position F, that is, the swing arm 32 is at the first swing angle, and the contact surface 316 of the spray sleeve 31 is in contact with the contact part 914 on the guard rod 91. At this time, the return spring 93 of the guard rod mechanism 9 is in an uncompressed state and its length is L1. The fork-shaped part 315 of the spray sleeve 31 has contacted the drill rod 11 for a certain distance, but the drill rod 11 is still within the protective notch 910 of the guard rod 91.

[0088] like Figure 14 As shown, when the spraying sleeve 31 is at position H, that is, when the swing arm 32 is at the second swing angle, the contact surface 316 of the spraying sleeve 31 drives the contact part 914 on the guard rod 91 to slide relative to each other; at this time, the guard rod 91 of the guard rod mechanism 9 compresses the return spring 93, and the return spring 93 is in a compressed state with a length of L2; the drill rod 11 gradually disengages from the protective notch 910 of the guard rod 91.

[0089] like Figure 15 As shown, the drill pipe 11 head is at position B, the spray sleeve 31 is at position G, that is, the swing arm 32 is at the third swing angle, and the contact surface 316 of the spray sleeve 31 and the contact part 914 on the guard rod 91 stop sliding; at this time, the compression return spring 93 of the guard rod mechanism 9 reaches its maximum value, the return spring 93 is in a compressed state, and its length is L3; the drill pipe 11 has completely disengaged from the protective notch 910 of the guard rod 91.

[0090] After the centering mechanism and the delivery mechanism 3 complete other functions (such as delivery of anchoring agent 318), the spraying sleeve returns to the clearance position E; at the same time, the guard rod 91 of the guard rod mechanism 9 returns to the initial position under the drive of the return spring 93, and the return spring 93 returns to the length L1; the head of the drill rod 11 returns to the protective notch 910 of the guard rod 91.

[0091] In summary, the drill rod 11 in this embodiment has three positions: C—drilling waiting position, A—working position, and B—avoidance position. The process flow is as follows: In the preparation state of the anchoring process, the drill rod 11 is in working position A, and the anchor rod 10 is in the anchor hole waiting position; after drilling and retracting the drill rod 11, the anchoring agent 318 installation stage begins. The swing arm 32 swings, driving the nozzle 314 to center the drill hole (position A). Simultaneously, the fork-shaped part 315 on the spray sleeve 31 moves the head of the drill rod 11 to the avoidance position (position B), completing the anchoring agent 318 delivery process; then, the drill box 4 and anchor box 5 complete the switching action under the action of the switching mechanism 6, with a switching stroke L. The anchor rod 10 moves from position D to position A, that is, from the anchor hole waiting position to the working position, performing the anchor rod 10 installation process. Finally, the processes of mixing the medicated cartridge and tightening the anchor rod 10 are completed. Meanwhile, as the fork-shaped part 315 on the spraying sleeve 31 moves the head of the drill rod 11 to the avoidance position, the spraying sleeve 31 also drives the guard rod part 91 of the guard rod assembly to complete the horizontal sliding, realizing the space avoidance of the guard rod part 91. Moreover, the various actions of the guard rod mechanism 9 adopt a passive drive type, changing the traditional hydraulic cylinder component control and adopting a spring-driven automatic reset form, which reduces the number of hydraulic components.

[0092] A second aspect of this disclosure also provides an automatic anchoring system, which includes a lifting drive and an automatic drill frame as described above. The lifting drive can be a motor or a hydraulic cylinder, and it achieves the raising and lowering of the automatic drill frame body through a lifting mechanism.

[0093] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An automatic drilling frame, characterized in that, The automatic drilling frame includes: frame; The drill box is slidably mounted on the lower part of the frame and drills holes through the drill rod; The drug delivery mechanism is located in the middle of the frame and delivers the anchoring agent into the borehole through the spraying sleeve; An anchor box is laterally slidably disposed in the middle of the frame and located on the same side of the frame as the drill box, and is used to insert the anchor rod into the drill hole into which the anchoring agent has been delivered; A switching mechanism is located at the lower part of the frame and is used to drive the drill box and anchor box to slide laterally so that the drill rod and anchor rod are in the working position in sequence. The centering mechanism is located on the upper part of the frame and is used to drive the spraying sleeve to the working position and to move the drill rod in the working position to the drilling clearance position. The automatic drilling frame has a drilling state, a chemical delivery state, and an anchor bolt state. When the automatic drilling frame is in the drilling state, the drill rod is in the working position, the anchor bolt is in the anchor hole waiting position, and the chemical spraying sleeve is in the anchoring waiting position. When the automatic drilling frame is in the delivery state, the drill rod is in the clearance position, the anchor rod is in the anchor hole waiting position, and the spraying sleeve is in the working position. When the automatic drilling frame is in the anchor bolt state, the drill rod is in the drilling waiting position, the anchor bolt is in the working position, and the spraying sleeve is in the anchoring waiting position; The automatic drilling rig also includes a protective rod, which is laterally slidably mounted on the frame along the sliding direction of the drill box and the anchor box; the protective rod is provided with a protective notch, through which the drill rod in the drill box passes vertically, and / or, through which the anchor rod in the anchor box passes vertically; During the process of driving the spraying sleeve to move, the centering mechanism can cause the top end of the drill rod to follow its offset through the spraying sleeve. During the process of the drill rod following the offset of the spraying sleeve, the spraying sleeve can also abut against the protective rod, so that the protective rod can slide laterally and ultimately cause the drill rod to disengage from the protective gap. The centering mechanism includes a centering drive and a swing arm; one end of the swing arm is rotatably connected to the frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the spraying sleeve; the centering drive is used to drive the swing arm to rotate. The spraying sleeve includes a main body and a fork-shaped component and an abutment surface disposed on the main body; the abutment surface is used to abut against the guard rod component; the fork-shaped component is used to fork away the drill rod; the fork-shaped component and the guard rod component are located at different heights; the distance between the fork-shaped component and the swing center of the swing arm is less than the distance between the abutment surface and the swing center of the swing arm; The automatic drilling rig also includes a positioning component disposed at the top of the frame; the positioning component is used to guide the drill rod and the anchor rod. The positioning assembly includes a clamping cylinder, a rocker arm, and a centering bearing; one end of the rocker arm is rotatably connected to the frame; the other end of the rocker arm is fixedly connected to the centering bearing; the centering bearing has a positioning hole; when the automatic drilling frame is in the drilling state, the clamping cylinder drives the rocker arm to swing, so as to send the centering bearing to the working position for the drill rod to pass through.

2. The automatic drilling frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching mechanism includes a switching frame, comprising a vertical plate and a left fixed platform and a right fixed platform connected to both ends of the vertical plate; the vertical plate is fixedly connected to the frame; A switching cylinder is installed between the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform; the switching cylinder is connected to the drill box and the anchor box to drive the drill box and the anchor box to move laterally; The bottom end of the drill box and the bottom end of the anchor box are located on the same side of the vertical plate and between the vertical plate and the driving component.

3. An automatic drilling frame according to claim 2, characterized in that, The switching cylinder includes a piston rod and a cylinder barrel, and the two ends of the piston rod are respectively connected to the left fixed platform and the right fixed platform; The cylinder is sleeved on the piston rod and slidably connected to the piston rod; the cylinder is detachably connected to the drill box and the anchor box; wherein, the cylinder includes a cylinder body and a first connecting part and a second connecting part disposed on the cylinder body; wherein, the first connecting part is slidably connected to the drill box in the vertical direction, and the second connecting part is slidably connected to the anchor box in the vertical direction.

4. An automatic drilling frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drug delivery mechanism includes a rope drive, a rope storage tube, and a drug storage tube; one end of the drug storage tube is connected to the rope drive, and the other end passes through the spraying sleeve; the rope storage tube is connected to the rope drive to provide a steel wire rope to the rope drive, so that the rope drive can drive the anchoring agent along the drug storage tube into the borehole via the steel wire rope.

5. An automatic anchoring system, characterized in that, The automatic anchoring system includes a lifting drive and an automatic drilling frame as described in any one of claims 1-4; the automatic drilling frame includes a top plate disposed at the top of the frame, a top cone disposed on the top plate, and a lifting mechanism disposed on the frame; the lifting drive can lift the automatic drilling frame through the lifting mechanism, so that the top cone can be inserted into the coal and rock fixed above the automatic drilling frame.

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