Cloud particle sampling device

Abstract

A cloud and mist particle sampling device relates to the technical field of cloud and mist particle sampling and is used to achieve precise sampling of cloud and mist particles. The device comprises a top cover, a drying chamber, and a collection chamber, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The top cover sidewall has an air inlet. The drying chamber has an inner tube inside, the upper end of which is connected to the air inlet. The inner wall of the inner tube has an electrically heated drying tube. The collection chamber has a connecting pipe, a turntable, and an air pump, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The turntable is rotatably mounted in the collection chamber and is provided with a drive mechanism for intermittently rotating the turntable. The turntable has a mounting hole, a sample holder within the mounting hole, and a sampling membrane for sampling cloud and mist particles within the sample holder. The air pump inlet is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the turntable is located between the connecting pipe and the air inlet pipe. The top surface of the turntable contacts the bottom surface of the connecting pipe, and the bottom surface of the turntable contacts the top surface of the air inlet pipe. The air pump outlet is connected to an exhaust pipe. The present invention can achieve the simultaneous and separate collection of cloud and mist particles of different particle sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cloud and fog particle sampling, in particular to a cloud and fog particle sampling device. Background Art

[0002] Cloud and fog research plays a vital role in air quality and pollution assessments, ecosystem protection, and human health impact assessments. Cloud and fog particle sampling is fundamental and crucial to cloud and fog research, primarily used to analyze the physical and chemical properties of clouds and fog and study their role in environmental and climate systems.

[0003] Sampling cloud particles is demanding and complex. This is primarily due to the fact that cloud particle collection typically occurs in mountainous areas above 1,200 meters above sea level, and requires locations with high humidity, low temperature swings, and stable meteorological conditions. Currently, cloud particle sampling primarily utilizes aerosol samplers, which are unable to simultaneously and separately collect cloud particles of different sizes. Furthermore, the collected samples are affected by humidity, resulting in poor quality and hindering analysis of their physical and chemical properties. Furthermore, current sampling devices have low sampling efficiency in high humidity conditions and are weakly waterproof and rainproof, making them susceptible to weather influences. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a cloud and fog particle sampling device with moisture-resistant and drying functions, which is used to achieve synchronous and separate collection of cloud and fog particles with different particle sizes.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a cloud and mist particle sampling device includes a top cover, a drying chamber and a collection chamber arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the side wall of the top cover has an air inlet, the inner side of the drying chamber has an inner cylinder, the upper end of the inner cylinder is connected to the air inlet, the inner wall of the inner cylinder has an electrically heated drying tube, a water vapor collection chamber is surrounded by the inner cylinder and the drying chamber, the upper end of the inner cylinder has a steam exhaust port connected to the water vapor collection chamber, and the lower part of the drying chamber has a water drain port connected to the water vapor collection chamber; the collection chamber has a connecting pipe, a turntable and an air pump arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the connecting pipe is fixed in the collection chamber, the upper end of the connecting pipe is connected to the lower end of the inner cylinder, the turntable is rotatably installed in the collection chamber and a driving mechanism for driving the turntable to rotate intermittently is provided in the collection chamber, the turntable has a circumferential The mounting holes are evenly arranged and pass through the upper and lower parts, and the mounting holes are provided with sample holders, which are hollow structures opened at the upper and lower parts. There are multiple sample holders arranged up and down in each mounting hole to form a sample holder group, and the sample holders are provided with sampling membranes for sampling cloud particles. The sample holders of the sample holder group have sampling membranes of different materials and pore sizes, and the pore size of the sampling membranes in the sample holder group gradually decreases from top to bottom; the inlet of the air pump is connected to the air inlet pipe, the turntable is located between the connecting pipe and the air inlet pipe, and the top surface of the turntable is in contact with the bottom surface of the connecting pipe, and the bottom surface of the turntable is in contact with the top surface of the air inlet pipe, and the outlet of the air pump is connected to the exhaust pipe; when the air pump is working, the sampled air enters the top cover through the air inlet, and then passes through the inner cylinder, the connecting pipe, the sample holder, the air inlet pipe and the air pump in sequence before being discharged through the exhaust pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the top cover includes a rainproof cover and a bracket arranged upper and lower and fixedly connected, the air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the bracket, the bottom of the bracket has a bracket mounting ring, the top of the drying chamber has a drying chamber upper mounting ring, and the drying chamber upper mounting ring is threadedly connected to the bracket mounting ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber lower mounting ring, the top of the collection chamber is provided with a collection chamber mounting ring, and the collection chamber mounting ring is threadedly connected to the drying chamber lower mounting ring.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a driving gear and a driven gear. The motor is fixed at the bottom of the collection chamber, the driving gear is fixed at the output end of the motor, a turntable lower rod is fixed at the bottom of the turntable, the turntable lower rod is rotatably connected to the collection chamber, and the driven gear is fixed on the turntable lower rod and meshes with the driving gear.

[0009] Furthermore, a turntable upper rod is fixed to the top of the turntable, and the upper end of the turntable upper rod extends out of the collection chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the side wall of the sample holder has side ears, and two upper and lower adjacent side ears are rotatably connected.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the rain cover is provided with a retractable curtain.

[0012] Furthermore, the side wall of the collection chamber has an air outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the drying tube is spiral-shaped.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the design of the top cover prevents direct rainwater from falling, and the side air intake prevents rainwater from entering the collection chamber along with the sampled air, thereby achieving excellent moisture resistance. The arrangement of the top cover, drying chamber, and collection chamber creates a gas flow channel, allowing sampled air to enter through the top cover and dry as it flows through the drying chamber. Drying the sampled air reduces the humidity of cloud particles, preventing physical and chemical reactions in the cloud particles caused by excessive humidity, which could affect sample quality and experimental errors. The sampled air entering the collection chamber sequentially passes through the various sampling membranes in the sample holder assembly, intercepting cloud particles. The sampling membranes within the sample holder assembly are made of different materials and have varying pore sizes, with the pore size gradually decreasing from top to bottom. This allows for the simultaneous and separate collection of cloud particles of varying sizes as the sampled air moves downward. For example, the upper sampling membrane collects large cloud particles, the middle sampling membrane collects coarse cloud particles, and the lower sampling membrane collects small cloud particles. This simultaneous and separate collection of cloud particles of varying sizes facilitates the statistical analysis of cloud particles of varying sizes. After drying, the cloud particles are less humid and less clingy, further facilitating the simultaneous and separate collection of cloud particles of varying sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is the front view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a left side view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 A top view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is the AA cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is the BB cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the route of air entering and exiting the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a top view assembly drawing of the turntable and sample holder;

[0023] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collection room;

[0024] Figure 10 This is the main view of the sample holder;

[0025] Figure 11 This is a top view of the staggered sample holder;

[0026] Figure 12 The main view of setting the curtain on the top cover;

[0027] In the figure: 1 collection chamber, 11 support leg, 12 sealing cover, 13 sealing cover handle, 14 collection chamber mounting ring, 15 connecting pipe, 16 air outlet, 2 drying chamber, 21 drying chamber upper mounting ring, 22 drying chamber lower mounting ring, 23 drain outlet, 24 inner cylinder, 25 exhaust port, 26 drying tube, 27 water vapor collection chamber, 3 top cover, 31 rain cover, 311 rain cover handle, 32 bracket, 321 bracket mounting ring, 322 air inlet, 33 curtain, 4 turntable, 41 turntable lower rod, 42 turntable upper rod, 43 mounting hole, 5 air pump, 51 air inlet pipe, 52 exhaust pipe, 6 motor, 61 driving gear, 62 driven gear, 63 bearing, 7 sample holder, 71 bottom hole, 72 sampling membrane, 73 side ear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention includes a collection chamber 1, a drying chamber 2 and a top cover 3. The structure and working principle of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the cloud particle sampling device includes a top cover 3, a drying chamber 2, and a collection chamber 1 arranged in order from top to bottom. The top cover 3, the drying chamber 2, and the collection chamber 1 form a channel for the sampled air to flow. The side wall of the top cover 3 has an air inlet 322, and the inner side of the drying chamber 2 has an inner cylinder 24. The upper end of the inner cylinder 24 is connected to the air inlet 322. External air enters the top cover 3 through the air inlet 322 and then flows to the inner side of the inner cylinder 24. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the specific structure of the top cover 3 is as follows: the top cover 3 includes a rain cover 31 and a bracket 32 ​​arranged and fixedly connected above and below. The rain cover 31 has a spherical outer wall and the outer wall is hydrophobic. The bottom of the rain cover 31 is open, and the top of the rain cover 31 has a rain cover handle 311. The bracket 32 ​​is a conical structure with a large upper end and a small lower end. The upper and lower ends of the bracket 32 ​​are open, as shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 3As shown, the air inlet 322 is provided on the side wall of the bracket 32, the bottom of the bracket 32 ​​has a bracket mounting ring 321, the top of the drying chamber 2 has a drying chamber upper mounting ring 21, and the drying chamber upper mounting ring 21 is threadedly connected to the bracket mounting ring 321. The structure and arrangement of the top cover 3 make the present invention have good moisture resistance. First, it can prevent direct rain; second, the side air intake method can prevent rain moisture from entering the drying chamber 2 and the collection chamber 1 along with the sampled air. The good moisture resistance makes the present invention suitable for cloud and fog particle sampling in high mountain environments.

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, the inner wall of the inner cylinder 24 is provided with an electrically heated drying tube 26, and a water vapor collection chamber 27 is formed between the inner cylinder 24 and the drying chamber 2. The upper end of the inner cylinder 24 is provided with a steam exhaust port 25 connected to the water vapor collection chamber 27. The steam exhaust port 25 is fixed to the side wall of the inner cylinder 24, and the inner cavity of the inner cylinder 24 is connected to the water vapor collection chamber 27 through the steam exhaust port 25. After the sampled air enters the inner cylinder 24, the working drying tube 26 dries the sampled air, and the generated water vapor enters the water vapor collection chamber 27 through the steam exhaust port 25, and the water vapor condenses into water in the water vapor collection chamber 27. The lower part of the drying chamber 2 is provided with a drain port 23 connected to the water vapor collection chamber 27, and a valve is provided on the drain port 23 to facilitate the control of the opening and closing of the drain port 23. After the valve is opened, the water in the water vapor collection chamber 27 is discharged from the drying chamber 2 through the drain port 23. In order to realize the assembly of the drying chamber 2 and the collection chamber 1, as shown Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the drying chamber 2 is provided with a drying chamber lower mounting ring 22, and the top of the collection chamber 1 is provided with a collection chamber mounting ring 14, which is threadedly connected to the drying chamber lower mounting ring 22. To ensure effective drying, the drying tube 26 is spirally shaped, thereby increasing the effective area of ​​the drying tube 26. The design of the drying chamber 2 dries the sampled air before it enters the collection chamber 1, reducing the humidity and deliquescence of the mist particles. This prevents water accumulation throughout the sampling apparatus, which results in the mist particles in the sampled air being more humid than in the air, and prevents physical and chemical reactions in the mist particles due to excessive humidity, which could affect sample quality and experimental errors. After drying, the humidity of the mist particles is reduced, and the degree of adhesion between the mist particles is reduced, thereby facilitating the subsequent simultaneous and separate collection of mist particles of different particle sizes.

[0031] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the collection chamber 1 has a connecting pipe 15, a turntable 4 and an air pump 5 arranged in order from top to bottom. The connecting pipe 15 is fixed in the collection chamber 1. The upper end of the connecting pipe 15 is fixedly contacted with the upper wall of the collection chamber 1 and is connected to the lower end of the inner cylinder 24. The turntable 4 is rotatably installed in the collection chamber 1, and a driving mechanism is provided in the collection chamber 1 to drive the turntable 4 to rotate intermittently. Figure 6As shown, the driving mechanism includes a motor 6, a driving gear 61 and a driven gear 62. The motor 6 is fixed to the bottom of the collection chamber 1, the driving gear 61 is fixed to the output end of the motor 6, and a turntable lower rod 41 is fixed to the bottom of the turntable 4. The turntable lower rod 41 is rotatably connected to the collection chamber 1 through a bearing 63. The driven gear 62 is fixed to the turntable lower rod 41 and meshes with the driving gear 61. When the motor 6 is working, the driving gear 61 rotates accordingly, driving the driven gear 62 meshed with it to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the turntable lower rod 41, and then driving the turntable 4 to rotate in the horizontal plane, and the turntable 4 rotates in an intermittent manner. In order to realize manual drive of the turntable 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 、 Figure 8 As shown, a turntable upper rod 42 is fixed to the top of the turntable 4, and the upper end of the turntable upper rod 42 extends out of the collection chamber 1. When the turntable upper rod 42 is rotated, the rotation of the turntable 4 can be manually driven. When the turntable 4 is manually rotated, in order to facilitate the understanding of whether the new sample holder 7 is aligned with the connecting tube 15, a circular scale disk 17 is provided on the top of the collection chamber 1. The number of scales on the scale disk 17 is the same as the number of mounting holes 43, and the scales correspond to the mounting holes 43 one-to-one. By setting up the air pump 5, the sampled air is forced to enter through the air inlet 322, which has a higher sampling efficiency than natural air intake or wind sampling.

[0032] To support collection chamber 1, legs 11 are provided at the bottom. To observe the interior of collection chamber 1, a sealing cover 12 is provided at the top. One end of sealing cover 12 is hingedly connected to the top wall of collection chamber 1. When sealing cover 12 is flush with the top surface of collection chamber 1, it seals collection chamber 1. Sealing cover 12 is provided with a sealing cover handle 13, which can be opened by pulling upward.

[0033] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the turntable 4 has mounting holes 43 evenly spaced along its circumference and extending vertically through it. Within these mounting holes 43 lies a sample holder 7, a hollow structure open at the top and bottom. The bottom of the sample holder 7 is a bottom hole 71, housing a sampling membrane 72 for sampling cloud particles. The frequency of the turntable 4's intermittent rotation, as well as the angle of each rotation, are determined by the number of mounting holes 43. The angle of each rotation of the turntable 4 is equal to 360 degrees divided by the number of mounting holes 43. Thus, with each rotation of the turntable 4, one mounting hole 43 moves directly below the connecting tube 15. The inner diameter of this mounting hole 43 is smaller than that of the connecting tube 15, resulting in a sealed contact between the bottom of the connecting tube 15 and the top of the turntable 4. The sampled air in the inner cylinder 24 enters the mounting holes 43 through the connecting tube 15 and passes downward through the sample holder 7. As the air passes through the sample holder 7, cloud particles in the air are intercepted by the sampling membrane 72.

[0034] like Figure 10 、 Figure 11 As shown, in order to synchronously and separately collect cloud particles of different sizes, the sample holders 7 in each mounting hole 43 are arranged in a plurality of pieces up and down to form a sample holder group. Each sample holder 7 in the sample holder group has a sampling membrane 72 of different materials and apertures, and the apertures of the sampling membranes 72 in the sample holder 7 gradually decrease from top to bottom. In this way, after the sampled air enters the mounting hole 43, it passes through each sample holder 7 of the sample holder group in sequence from top to bottom, that is, it passes through each sampling membrane 72 in sequence from top to bottom. Cloud particles with large particle sizes are collected by the upper sampling membrane 72, cloud particles with coarse particle sizes are collected by the middle sampling membrane 72, and cloud particles with small particle sizes are collected by the lower sampling membrane 72. In this way, synchronous, separate / graded collection of cloud particles of different particle sizes is achieved. The side wall of the sample holder 7 has side ears 73, and the upper and lower adjacent side ears 73 are rotatably connected. As shown Figure 10 As shown in FIG, the sample holder group includes three sample holders 7. When it is necessary to place a sampling membrane 72 in the middle position and the lower sample holder 7, as shown in FIG. Figure 11 As shown, by rotating the two adjacent sample holders 7 so as to stagger them, the sampling membrane 72 can be placed or taken out for replacement.

[0035] like Figure 6 、 Figure 9 As shown, the inlet of the air pump 5 is connected to the air inlet pipe 51, the turntable 4 is located between the connecting pipe 15 and the air inlet pipe 51, and the top surface of the turntable 4 contacts the bottom surface of the connecting pipe 15, and the bottom surface of the turntable 4 contacts the top surface of the air inlet pipe 51. The outlet of the air pump 5 is connected to the exhaust pipe 52. When the air pump 5 is working, Figure 7 As shown, the sampled air enters the top cover 3 through the air inlet 322, and then passes through the inner cylinder 24, the connecting pipe 15, the sample holder 7, the air inlet pipe 51 and the air pump 5, and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 52. Figure 6 As shown, an air outlet 16 is provided on the side wall of the collection chamber 1 .

[0036] When sampling is not required, in order to protect the air inlet 322, as shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown, a retractable curtain 33 is provided at the bottom of the rain cover 31. When the curtain 33 is pulled down, the air inlet 322 is shielded. When cloud particle sampling is performed, the curtain 33 is folded upward to expose the air inlet 322.

[0037] The working principle of the present invention is described below.

[0038] (1) When sampling, the present invention is placed at the sampling position; (2) the air pump 5 is started. When the air pump 5 is working, the air outside is driven into the top cover 3 through the air inlet 322, and then into the inner cylinder 24. The drying tube 26 in the inner cylinder 24 dries the air; (3) the dried air enters the mounting hole 43 through the connecting tube 15, passes through the sample holder 7, enters the exhaust pipe 52 through the air inlet pipe 51 and the air pump 5, and is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe 52. (4) When the air passes through the sample holder 7, the cloud particles in the air are intercepted by the sampling membrane 72; (5) when sampling is required at other positions, the present invention is transferred to the next sampling position, and then the turntable 4 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, or the turntable upper rod 41 is manually rotated to rotate the turntable 4, so that the new sample holder 7 is moved to the bottom of the connecting tube 15, and the cloud particles at the new sampling position are sampled using the new sample holder 7.

[0039] The present invention protects against direct rainwater through the design of the top cover, and employs lateral air intake to prevent rainwater from entering the collection chamber along with the sampled air, thereby exhibiting excellent moisture resistance. The arrangement of the top cover, drying chamber, and collection chamber creates a gas flow channel, allowing sampled air to enter through the top cover and dry as it passes through the drying chamber. Drying the sampled air reduces the humidity of cloud particles, preventing physical and chemical reactions in the cloud particles caused by excessive humidity, which could affect sample quality and experimental errors. The sampled air entering the collection chamber sequentially passes through the various sampling membranes in the sample holder assembly, intercepting cloud particles. The sampling membranes within the sample holder assembly are made of different materials and have varying pore sizes, with the pore size gradually decreasing from top to bottom. This allows for the simultaneous and separate collection of cloud particles of varying sizes as the sampled air moves downward. For example, the upper sampling membrane collects large cloud particles, the middle sampling membrane collects coarse cloud particles, and the lower sampling membrane collects small cloud particles. This simultaneous and separate collection of cloud particles of varying sizes facilitates the statistical analysis of cloud particles of varying sizes. After drying, the cloud particles are less humid and less clingy, further facilitating the simultaneous and separate collection of cloud particles of varying sizes.

Claims

1. Cloud particle sampling device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a top cover, a drying chamber and a collection chamber which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the side wall of the top cover is provided with an air inlet, the inner side of the drying chamber is provided with an inner cylinder, the upper end of the inner cylinder is communicated with the air inlet, the inner wall of the inner cylinder is provided with an electrically heated drying tube, a water vapor collection chamber is formed between the inner cylinder and the drying chamber, the upper end of the inner cylinder is provided with a steam exhaust port which is communicated with the water vapor collection chamber, and the lower part of the drying chamber is provided with a water drain port which is communicated with the water vapor collection chamber; the collection chamber is provided with a connecting pipe, a turntable and an air pump which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the connecting pipe is fixed in the collection chamber, the upper end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the lower end of the inner cylinder, the turntable is rotatably installed in the collection chamber, and a driving mechanism for driving the turntable to rotate intermittently is provided in the collection chamber, the turntable is provided with mounting holes which are evenly arranged along the circumference and pass through from top to bottom, The mounting hole includes a sample holder, which is a hollow structure open at the top and bottom. There are multiple sample holders arranged up and down in each mounting hole to form a sample holder group. The sample holder includes a sampling membrane for sampling cloud particles. The sample holders of the sample holder group include sampling membranes of different materials and pore sizes, and the pore size of the sampling membranes in the sample holder group gradually decreases from top to bottom. The inlet of the air pump is connected to the air inlet pipe, the turntable is located between the connecting pipe and the air inlet pipe, and the top surface of the turntable is in contact with the bottom surface of the connecting pipe, and the bottom surface of the turntable is in contact with the top surface of the air inlet pipe. The outlet of the air pump is connected to the exhaust pipe. When the air pump is working, the sampled air enters the top cover through the air inlet, and then passes through the inner cylinder, the connecting pipe, the sample holder, the air inlet pipe and the air pump in sequence before being discharged through the exhaust pipe.

2. The cloud particle sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover includes a rainproof cover and a bracket which are arranged up and down and fixedly connected. The air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the bracket. The bottom of the bracket has a bracket mounting ring. The top of the drying chamber has a drying chamber upper mounting ring. The drying chamber upper mounting ring is threadedly connected to the bracket mounting ring.

3. The cloud particle sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the drying chamber is provided with a drying chamber lower mounting ring, the top of the collecting chamber is provided with a collecting chamber mounting ring, and the collecting chamber mounting ring is threadedly connected to the drying chamber lower mounting ring.

4. The cloud particle sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a motor, a driving gear and a driven gear. The motor is fixed at the bottom of the collection chamber, the driving gear is fixed at the output end of the motor, a turntable lower rod is fixed at the bottom of the turntable, the turntable lower rod is rotatably connected to the collection chamber, and the driven gear is fixed on the turntable lower rod and meshes with the driving gear.

5. The cloud particle sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A turntable upper rod is fixed on the top of the turntable, and the upper end of the turntable upper rod extends out of the collection chamber.

6. The cloud particle sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the sample holder is provided with side ears, and two upper and lower adjacent side ears are rotatably connected.

7. The cloud particle sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the rain cover is provided with a retractable curtain.

8. The cloud particle sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the collection chamber is provided with an air outlet.

9. The cloud particle sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying tube is spiral-shaped.

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