A shield tunnel segment joint test device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of test equipment, and provides a shield tunnel segment joint test device and method.The device comprises a counterforce frame, a first force applying assembly arranged on a first inner wall of the counterforce frame, a loading basket detachably connected to the end of the first force applying assembly and clamping a segment, a pair of rod cylinder paste assemblies clamping two ends of the segment, wherein the first rod cylinder paste assembly is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the counterforce frame, a second force applying assembly, wherein the first end of the second force applying assembly is connected to a second inner wall, and the second end of the second force applying assembly is rotatably connected to a second rod cylinder paste assembly, and the second inner wall is perpendicular to the first inner wall.The device guarantees seamless fixing between the non-joint side of the segment and the inner wall of the counterforce frame, reduces energy loss and virtual displacement energy consumption, and thus ensures the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of test equipment, in particular to a shield tunnel segment joint test device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of China's economy and the acceleration of urbanization process, the transportation infrastructure is continuously developed. The prefabricated structure has great advantages in construction speed, and is widely used in the field of tunnel. The lining segment with joint is used as the basic assembly unit in the tunnel form including shield tunnel and TBM (tunnel boring machine) tunnel. For such tunnels, the joint strength and performance almost determine the construction and operation stability and safety of the structure, therefore, it is of great significance to study the joint performance.

[0003] Compared with TBM tunnel, the shield method is more suitable for soil tunnel, and is widely used in urban tunnel construction, especially in soil shallow buried tunnel construction. Under the action of earthquake, blasting and other dynamic effects, during the construction and operation of shield tunnel, the segment joint not only bears the axial force in the construction stage, but also bears the vehicle load, groundwater pressure, soil pressure and other complex loads in the operation stage. Especially under the action of dynamic load such as earthquake, the performance of segment joint is particularly critical. Once the joint is damaged or destroyed, it may lead to failure of the entire tunnel structure, which poses a serious threat to people's life and property safety. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the mechanical properties and seismic performance of shield tunnel segment joint to ensure the safety and stability of tunnel engineering.

[0004] However, the device commonly used for the research on the seismic performance of shield tunnel segment joint has a large deviation in simulating the actual stress condition of the segment joint, and cannot truly reflect the mechanical properties, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems that the existing technology cannot truly reflect the mechanical properties and cannot ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results, the present application provides a shield tunnel segment joint test device and method. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, a shield tunnel segment joint test device is provided, which comprises:

[0007] a reaction frame;

[0008] a first force applying assembly, which is arranged on the first inner wall of the reaction frame;

[0009] a loading basket, which is detachably connected to the end of the first force applying assembly, and clamps the segment;

[0010] A pair of rod and tube grouting assemblies, a pair of the rod and tube grouting assemblies clamping two ends of the segment, and a first rod and tube grouting assembly rotatably connected to an inner wall of the counterforce frame;

[0011] A second force applying assembly, a first end of the second force applying assembly connected to a second inner wall, and a second end of the second force applying assembly rotatably connected to a second rod and tube grouting assembly, wherein the second inner wall is perpendicular to the first inner wall.

[0012] Optionally, the rod and tube grouting assembly comprises:

[0013] A caliper clamp clamping an end of the segment, and the caliper clamp being provided with a fixed hole corresponding to an anchor hole of the end of the segment;

[0014] An anchor rod penetrating into the anchor hole and the fixed hole;

[0015] A grouting body formed among the caliper clamp, the segment and the anchor rod.

[0016] Optionally, the rod and tube grouting assembly further comprises:

[0017] A sleeve provided in the anchor hole, and the anchor rod penetrating into the sleeve.

[0018] Optionally, the first force applying assembly comprises a first jack and an actuator.

[0019] The first inner wall of the counterforce frame, the first jack, the actuator and the loading basket are sequentially connected.

[0020] Optionally, the loading basket comprises:

[0021] A pair of frame bodies arranged in parallel, a pair of the frame bodies oppositely arranged, and the frame bodies being provided with connecting holes;

[0022] A vertical connecting piece connecting a pair of the frame bodies based on the connecting holes, so that inner sides of the frame bodies are abutted against the segment through rolling pieces.

[0023] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0024] A first support, and the rod and tube grouting assembly connecting the inner wall of the counterforce frame through the first support.

[0025] Optionally, the device further comprises a second support, and the second support movably arranged on a third inner wall, the third inner wall being parallel to the first inner wall.

[0026] The second rod and tube grouting assembly connecting the second end of the second force applying assembly through the second support.

[0027] Optionally, the second force applying assembly comprises:

[0028] a guide connected to the third inner wall;

[0029] a second jack, a first end of the second jack being connected to the second inner wall, and a second end of the second jack passing through the guide and connecting the second support.

[0030] Optionally, the guide comprises:

[0031] a pair of side plates connected to the third inner wall;

[0032] a top plate connected to ends of the pair of side plates;

[0033] a roller arranged between the top plate and the second jack, and between the second jack and the third inner wall.

[0034] In another aspect, a shield tunnel segment joint test method is provided, the method comprising:

[0035] mounting a segment in a loading basket;

[0036] fixing two ends of the segment by a rod cylinder paste assembly;

[0037] starting a second force applying assembly to apply a second direction pushing force to the segment;

[0038] starting a first force applying assembly to alternately load a positive bending moment and a negative bending moment in a first direction to the segment.

[0039] The technical scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by the embodiments of the present application provides a stable and strong support structure by arranging a counterforce frame; the loading basket can be used to flexibly adjust the stress position according to the actual stress condition of the segment joint, and is used to mount and replace segments of different specifications. The first force applying assembly and the second force applying assembly are arranged to apply two perpendicular loads to the segment. The rod cylinder paste assembly is arranged to ensure seamless fixation between the non-joint side of the segment and the inner wall of the counterforce frame, so that the non-joint side of the segment is completely bonded with the rod cylinder paste assembly. This not only effectively reduces the energy loss of the two perpendicular loads during transmission, but also greatly reduces the virtual displacement energy consumption between the non-joint side of the segment and the rod cylinder paste assembly during loading, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 is a top view structural schematic diagram of a shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by an embodiment of the present application without a roof plate;

[0045] Figure 4 is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of a shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by an embodiment of the present application without a bottom plate;

[0046] Figure 5 is a local structural schematic diagram of a loading basket and segment connection of a shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 is a local structural schematic diagram of a caliper clamp and segment non-joint side connection of a shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an anchor rod and sleeve connection structure of a shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 8 is a sectional view of an anchor rod and sleeve connection structure of a shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 9 is a flow chart of a shield tunnel segment joint test method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Reference signs:

[0052] 100, counter-force frame; 110, first inner wall; 120, second inner wall; 130, third inner wall;

[0053] 200, first force applying assembly; 210, first jack; 220, actuator;

[0054] 300, loading basket; 310, frame; 311, support beam; 312, pressure distribution beam; 320, vertical connecting piece; 330, rolling piece;

[0055] 400, rod cylinder paste assembly; 410, caliper clamp; 420, anchor rod; 430, grouting body; 440, sleeve;

[0056] 500, second force applying assembly; 510, guide piece; 511, side plate; 512, top plate; 513, roller; 520, second jack;

[0057] 600, first support;

[0058] 700, second support;

[0059] A, segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the words such as "example", "for example" are used to represent as an example, illustration or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "example" in the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. In fact, the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or can be one of the two.

[0062] The commonly used shield tunnel segment joint test device at present mainly focuses on the performance research of segment joint under static force condition, and the performance research under dynamic conditions such as earthquakes is still insufficient. In addition, the existing test device also has many limitations in design and implementation.

[0063] Based on the above background, in order to more comprehensively understand the mechanical properties and seismic performance of the shield tunnel segment joint, it is necessary to develop a test device which can truly simulate the stress condition of the segment joint in actual engineering, has the ability of multiple working condition loading and is simple to operate.

[0064] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present application more clear, the following will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0065] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The embodiment of the present application provides a shield tunnel segment joint test device, which comprises a counterforce frame 100, a first force applying assembly 200, a loading basket 300, a pair of rod cylinder paste assemblies 400 and a second force applying assembly 500.

[0066] The reaction frame 100 is the main frame of the entire test device, and provides a stable and solid support structure to ensure that it can withstand and transmit the huge force from the loading system during the test without deformation or damage, ensuring the accuracy and safety of the test.

[0067] The first force applying assembly 200 is arranged on the first inner wall 110 of the reaction frame 100, and is used to apply a force perpendicular to the first inner wall 110 to the joint of the segment A. Specifically, the first force applying assembly 200 can apply force through a hydraulic cylinder, a mechanical jack or the like.

[0068] The loading basket 300 is detachably connected to the end of the first force applying assembly 200, and clamps the segment A. Based on the detachable structure, the loading basket 300 can be reused, and can also be used to install and replace segments A of different specifications. The detachable loading basket 300 is designed so that the stress position can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual stress condition of the joint of the segment A during the test loading process, to adapt to the test requirements of different types of segment A joints.

[0069] It should be noted that the number of segments A is at least two, and each two segments A are connected in sequence. The position where the segments A are connected is the joint, and the mechanical properties of the joint can be detected through the device. Specifically, the segment A is usually a curved structure, and one end of the segment A is provided with a through hole, which is firmly connected through a fixing member, so as to ensure that the joint surfaces are butted. Specifically, the through hole can be a bent hole, and the connecting member can be a segment A curved bolt. The bolt is arranged in the through hole to ensure the close fit between the connecting member and the segment A. The end of the through hole is provided with a hand hole for convenient operation of workers.

[0070] The pair of rod and cylinder grouting assemblies 400 clamp the two ends of the segment A, are used to simulate the installation state of the tunnel segment A in the actual engineering, and are used to simulate the influence of the grouting process on the joint of the segment A, to avoid the problems of void and virtual displacement energy consumption that may occur when stressed. The first rod and cylinder grouting assembly 400 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reaction frame 100, so that the joint of the segment A can simulate a certain degree of rotational freedom during the test process, which is more close to the actual working condition.

[0071] The rod and cylinder grouting assembly 400 ensures the close and seamless fixing between the non-joint side of the segment A and the reaction frame 100, and realizes the complete bonding between the segment A and the reaction frame 100. This design significantly reduces the energy loss during load transmission, and effectively reduces the virtual displacement energy consumption between the non-joint side of the segment A and the reaction frame 100 during the actual loading process, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0072] The first end of the second force applying assembly 500 is connected to the second inner wall 120, and the second end of the second force applying assembly 500 is rotatably connected to the second rod cylinder paste assembly 400, and the second force applying assembly 500 is used to apply a force to the segment A joint which is perpendicular to the direction of the second inner wall 120. Since the second inner wall 120 is perpendicular to the first inner wall 110, the force applying direction of the second force applying assembly 500 is perpendicular to the force applying direction of the first force applying assembly 200.

[0073] Further, the second force applying assembly 500 can also apply force through a hydraulic cylinder, a mechanical jack or the like. The second end of the second force applying assembly 500 is rotatably connected to the second rod cylinder paste assembly 400, allowing the segment A joint to have a certain rotational freedom while the vertical force is applied.

[0074] The shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by the embodiment of the present application provides a stable and strong support structure through the counterforce frame 100; the loading basket 300 can be used to flexibly adjust the stress position according to the actual stress condition of the segment A joint, and is used to install and replace segments A of different specifications. The two perpendicular loads are applied to the segment A through the first force applying assembly 200 and the second force applying assembly 500. The seamless fixing between the non-joint side of the segment A and the inner wall of the counterforce frame 100 is ensured through the rod cylinder paste assembly 400, so that the non-joint side of the segment A is completely bonded with the rod cylinder paste assembly 400. This not only effectively reduces the energy loss in the transmission process of the two perpendicular loads, but also greatly reduces the virtual displacement energy consumption between the non-joint side of the segment A and the rod cylinder paste assembly 400 in the loading process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0075] Further, the setting direction of the device can be changed as needed, for example, the first inner wall 110 in the shield tunnel segment joint test device can be set in the horizontal direction, and the second inner wall 120 can be set in the vertical direction. Based on the above setting, the first force applying assembly 200 can be used to apply a bending moment in the vertical direction to the segment A joint, simulating the bending moment in the vertical direction that the segment A receives in the tunnel. The second force applying assembly 500 can be used to apply a horizontal force to one end of the segment A joint, simulating the horizontal extrusion action between the segments A in the tunneling process.

[0076] For example, the first inner wall 110 in the shield tunnel segment joint test device can be set in the horizontal direction, and the second inner wall 120 can be set in the vertical direction. Based on the above setting, the first force applying assembly 200 can be used to apply a bending moment in the vertical direction to the segment A joint, simulating the bending moment in the vertical direction that the segment A receives in the tunnel. The second force applying assembly 500 can be used to apply a horizontal force to one end of the segment A joint, simulating the horizontal extrusion action between the segments A in the tunneling process.

[0077] Please refer to Figures 7 to 8 In one embodiment of the present application, the rod-tube grout assembly 400 comprises a clamp 410, an anchor rod 420 and a grout body 430.

[0078] The end of the segment A is provided with an anchor hole, and the clamp 410 is provided with a fixing hole corresponding to the anchor hole of the end of the segment A. When the segment A is installed, the clamp 410 is clamped at the end of the segment A, and the anchor rod 420 is inserted into the anchor hole and the fixing hole, so that the segment A is clamped. The gap between the clamp 410, the segment A and the anchor rod 420 is filled with geopolymer grouting, and the geopolymer grouting forms a grout body 430 after solidification, which tightly fits the clamp 410, the segment A and the anchor rod 420. That is, the grout body 430 is formed between the clamp 410, the segment A and the anchor rod 420, which plays a role in filling gaps, enhancing connection strength and sealing. The presence of the grout body 430 can significantly improve the integrity and durability of the entire connection system. This connection method not only enhances the overall strength of the segment A joint, but also significantly reduces the virtual displacement energy consumption during loading.

[0079] Specifically, the geopolymer grouting technology is to mix high molecular materials with water to form a geopolymer material with high strength, high density and low shrinkage, and then inject it into the position where the gap needs to be filled. The material of the grout body 430 can be selected from cement-based materials or other chemical grouting materials with high strength, good fluidity and low shrinkage after solidification.

[0080] Moreover, the size and shape of the clamp 410 match the size and shape of the segment A, so that the segment A can be stably placed in the clamp 410. The anchor rod 420 is inserted into the anchor hole of the segment A assembly and the fixing hole of the clamp 410, and the two are tightly connected together by physical locking.

[0081] The above-mentioned rod-tube grout assembly 400 ensures the tight and seamless fixing between the non-joint side of the segment A and the clamp 410, and realizes the complete bonding between the segment A and the clamp. This design significantly reduces the energy loss during load transfer, and effectively reduces the virtual displacement energy consumption between the non-joint side of the segment A and the clamp 410 during actual loading, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0082] Further, in one embodiment of the present application, the rod sleeve assembly 400 further comprises a sleeve 440, which is arranged in the anchor hole and the anchor rod 420 is inserted into the sleeve 440. The sleeve 440 can protect the edge of the anchor hole from damage caused by the direct insertion of the anchor rod 420, while providing a precise and smooth channel to ensure that the anchor rod 420 can be smoothly and accurately inserted and fixed in the anchor hole. In addition, the sleeve 440 can also be used to pull out the anchor rod 420, so that the anchor rod 420 can be reused, reducing the use cost of the device.

[0083] In use, the sleeve 440 can be placed in the anchor hole on the non-joint side of the segment A, and then the anchor rod 420 is inserted into the sleeve 440.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present application, the first force applying assembly 200 comprises a first jack 210 and an actuator 220. The first inner wall 110 of the reaction frame 100, the first jack 210, the actuator 220 and the loading basket 300 are connected in sequence.

[0085] The first jack 210 is mounted on and tightly connected to the first inner wall 110 of the reaction frame 100. The jack can generate a large pushing force or pulling force, which will be transmitted to the loading basket 300 through the subsequent connecting components. For example, in use, the first jack 210 can alternately load the segment A with positive and negative bending moments in the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the first inner wall 110. This structure allows the device to be used for bidirectional loading without disassembling and reassembling the segment A, reducing the complexity and time cost of the test. Specifically, the first direction can be the vertical direction.

[0086] The actuator 220 is connected to the first jack 210 for further controlling or adjusting the force or displacement generated by the first jack 210. The actuator 220 is a device that converts electrical energy, hydraulic energy, pneumatic energy and other energy sources into mechanical motion. Specifically, the actuator 220 can be electric, hydraulic or pneumatic, and the present embodiment does not limit it.

[0087] Through the first force applying assembly 200, an efficient and stable force applying system is formed. The system can apply precise force or displacement to the segment A through the loading basket 300 during the experiment or test, thereby meeting the needs of various tests and researches.

[0088] Further, the device is also provided with an L-shaped connecting plate, one end of the first jack 210 is fixed on the reaction frame 100, the other end is connected to the L-shaped connecting plate through bolts, and the actuator 220 is fixed on the loading basket 300 through the L-shaped connecting plate and bolts. This design ensures the accurate transmission and stable application of the loading force.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 5 In an embodiment provided by the present application, the loading basket 300 comprises a pair of frame bodies 310 arranged in parallel and a vertical connecting piece 320.

[0090] The pair of frame bodies 310 are arranged oppositely to form the main load-bearing structure of the loading basket 300, and the frame bodies 310 are provided with connecting holes; the vertical connecting piece 320 is arranged perpendicularly to the frame bodies 310, and the vertical connecting piece 320 connects the pair of frame bodies 310 based on the connecting holes, so that the inner side of the frame bodies 310 is in abutment with the pipe piece A through the rolling member 330. Through the above structure, sufficient strength and rigidity are provided to support the test piece during the test, ensuring the overall stability and reliability of the loading basket 300, so that the pipe piece A can be firmly fixed in the loading basket 300. The arrangement of the connecting holes makes the connection between the frame bodies 310 and between the frame bodies 310 and the vertical connecting piece 320 more flexible and convenient, and also facilitates subsequent maintenance and replacement.

[0091] The position where the inner side of the frame body 310 abuts against the pipe piece A is provided with the rolling member 330, which can reduce friction, improve loading efficiency, and protect the pipe piece A. Specifically, the rolling member 330 can ensure that the loading basket 300 maintains stable contact with the pipe piece A when force is applied, reducing shaking or deviation caused by uneven friction or poor contact.

[0092] The loading basket 300 is suitable for commonly used pipe pieces A of any thickness, is easy to disassemble and install quickly, and can flexibly adjust the support height perpendicular to the direction of the first inner wall 110 according to the actual size of the pipe piece A. This design not only improves the convenience of the test, but also enables timely adjustment of the stress position during the test according to the actual stress condition of the pipe piece A joint, thereby achieving accurate simulation of the actual working condition. This flexibility not only improves the application range of the test, but also enhances the practicality of the device.

[0093] Further, the vertical connecting piece 320 has a threaded end, and the threaded end of the vertical connecting piece 320 passes through the connecting hole and is locked by a bolt. After the threaded end passes through the connecting hole, locking is achieved by tightening the bolt. The head of the bolt contacts the outer side of the parallel frame bodies 310 and applies sufficient pre-tightening force, so that the threaded end and the connecting hole are tightly matched. This locking mechanism ensures that the vertical connecting piece 320 will not loosen or fall off during the test. Moreover, this structure facilitates adjustment of the distance between the two frame bodies 310 to adapt to pipe pieces A of different specifications. This bolt locking method is not only safe and reliable, but also easy to disassemble and reassemble. When it is necessary to replace the pipe piece A or maintain the loading basket 300, the bolt can be easily loosened, and components such as the vertical connecting piece 320 and the rolling member 330 can be removed.

[0094] Further, the frame body 310 of the loading basket 300 includes support beams 311 on both sides and a pressure distribution beam 312 connected between the two support beams 311, which can be connected by bolts, ensuring effective support for the segment A.

[0095] In any one of the above embodiments provided by the present application, the device further comprises a first support 600, and the rod cylinder slurry assembly 400 is connected to the inner wall of the reaction frame 100 through the first support 600.

[0096] During the test, the rod cylinder slurry assembly 400 may be subjected to complex forces and moments from the anchor rod 420, the loading basket 300, and the test piece. The first support 600 can effectively disperse these stresses and reduce the local pressure on the inner wall of the reaction frame 100, thereby protecting the structural integrity of the entire test system. That is, the non-joint side of the segment A is connected to the special hinge of the first support 600 through the caliper clamp 410, which allows the segment A to rotate freely on both sides during vertical loading, avoids the generation of additional bending moments, and ensures that the joint of the segment A does not bear shear force, ensuring that the joint position of the straight segment A is in a pure bending state, so that the joint position of the straight segment A is always in a pure bending state, thereby more accurately simulating the stress conditions under seismic conditions.

[0097] Specifically, the first support 600 is an L-shaped fixed steel support, which can be fixed with the rod cylinder slurry assembly 400 through bolts.

[0098] Further, the bottom of the fixed steel support has a round hole, through which a bolt can pass to fix the fixed steel support on the inner wall of the reaction frame 100. Further, the reaction frame 100 can be a gantry. The gantry is a support structure that spans an open space, usually composed of two columns and a crossbeam, similar in shape to a "dragon gate", hence the name. The column is used to support the crossbeam, while the crossbeam connects the two columns to form a frame structure. The gantry usually has high strength and stability, and can withstand a large amount of weight and force. For example, 2-3 round holes of the same diameter can be provided, and a custom through bolt 8 is used to fix it on the bottom plate of the gantry.

[0099] In any of the above embodiments provided by the present application, the device further comprises a second support 700 movably arranged on a third inner wall 130, wherein the third inner wall 130 is parallel to the first inner wall 110. Moreover, the second rod cylinder assembly 400 is connected to the second end of the second force applying assembly 500 through the second support 700. The second support 700 can support the second rod cylinder assembly 400 and in turn support the pipe segment A, and can also guide the second force applying assembly 500, so that the second force applying assembly 500 can slightly move along the second direction when applying a force perpendicular to the second inner wall 120, that is, along the second direction. Specifically, the second force applying assembly 500, the second support 700 and the second rod cylinder assembly 400 arranged in sequence can transmit the force to the pipe segment A. The non-joint side of the pipe segment A is connected to the special hinge of the second support 700 through the vice clamp 410, so that the pipe segment A can freely rotate on both sides during the vertical loading process, thereby avoiding the generation of additional bending moment, so that the joint of the pipe segment A will not bear shear force, and the joint position of the test straight pipe segment A is ensured to be in a pure bending state.

[0100] Further, in an embodiment provided by the present application, the second force applying assembly 500 comprises a guide 510 and a second jack 520.

[0101] The first end of the second jack 520 is connected to the second inner wall 120, so that the jack has a stable support point when applying the force. The guide 510 is connected to the third inner wall 130, and the second end of the second jack 520 passes through the guide 510 and is connected to the second support 700. The guide 510 is used to support and guide, so as to ensure that the second jack 520 can move along the second direction when applying the force. When the jack is started, it will push the second support 700, thereby realizing the force applying to the pipe segment A.

[0102] Further, please refer to Figures 2 to 4 In an embodiment provided by the present application, the guide 510 comprises a pair of side plates 511, a top plate 512 and a roller 513.

[0103] The side plates 511 are connected to the third inner wall 130; the top plate 512 is connected to the end of the pair of side plates 511, forming a U-shaped structure, which together with the third inner wall 130 forms a closed structure to limit the force applying direction of the second jack 520 from all around; the roller 513 is arranged between the top plate 512 and the second jack 520, and between the second jack 520 and the third inner wall 130, for reducing friction, so that the second jack 520 can move more smoothly. By arranging the roller 513, the end of the second jack 520 can slightly move when applying the force, which is beneficial to realize the stable application and transmission of the second direction loading force.

[0104] Specifically, taking the second direction as a horizontal direction and the first direction as a vertical direction as an example, in the process of the test, first, the second jack 520 is started to apply a set of horizontal thrust to the segment A, and the information acquisition system is started to record the instantaneous mechanical behavior of the test piece. Then, the first jack 210 is alternately extended and retracted to load the positive bending moment and the negative bending moment. Specifically, when the positive bending moment is loaded, the piston of the first jack 210 is extended downward, and the pressure is transmitted to both sides of the segment A through the loading basket 300; when the negative bending moment is loaded, the piston of the first jack 210 is retracted upward, and the loading is also achieved through the loading basket 300. The entire loading process is strictly controlled according to the preset displacement to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0105] After the test is completed, the test device can be conveniently disassembled according to the above connection process, the segment A joint test piece is replaced, and tests under other working conditions are performed. The flexibility and reusability enable the device to be widely applied to technical research in the field of shield tunnel engineering.

[0106] The shield tunnel segment joint test device provided by the embodiment of the application provides a stable and solid support structure by arranging the counterforce frame 100; the loading basket 300 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual stress of the segment A joint, and is used for installing and replacing segment A of different specifications. The first force applying assembly 200 and the second force applying assembly 500 are arranged to apply two mutually perpendicular loads to the segment A. The rod cylinder grout assembly 400 is arranged to ensure the seamless fixing between the non-joint side of the segment A and the inner wall of the counterforce frame 100, so that the non-joint side of the segment A is completely bonded with the rod cylinder grout assembly 400. This not only effectively reduces the energy loss of the two mutually perpendicular loads in the transmission process, but also greatly reduces the virtual displacement energy consumption between the non-joint side of the segment A and the rod cylinder grout assembly 400 in the loading process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0107] Further, the device should be able to simulate the stress conditions of the segment A joint under different loads, including axial force, bending moment, shear force, etc., to comprehensively evaluate the mechanical properties and seismic performance of the segment A joint. At the same time, the device also needs to have high adjustability to be suitable for conventional segment A of any thickness; the loading position should also have adjustability to meet the flexible adjustment under different test requirements. In addition, the treatment of the non-joint side of the segment A should also be more delicate, fully considering the gap and virtual displacement energy consumption problems that may occur under stress, to improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0108] Specifically, the detachable loading basket 300 is designed to enable flexible adjustment of the stress position according to the actual stress condition of the segment A joint during the test loading, so as to adapt to the test requirements of different types of segment A joints. At the same time, the detachable structure design facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the device, improving the convenience of the test. The rod cylinder paste assembly 400 ensures the seamless fixation between the non-joint side of the segment A and the caliper clamp 410, so that the segment A is completely bonded with the clamp. This not only effectively reduces the energy loss of horizontal load and vertical load in the transmission process, but also greatly reduces the virtual displacement energy consumption between the non-joint side of the segment A and the caliper clamp 410 in the actual loading process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. In addition, the non-joint side of the segment A is connected to the first support 600 through the special hinged connection of the caliper clamp 410, which realizes the arbitrary rotation of the segment A on both sides during vertical loading, avoids the generation of additional bending moment, so that the segment A joint will not bear shear force, and ensures that the joint position of the test straight segment A is in a pure bending state.

[0109] The test device of the present application has multiple working condition loading capacity, including tensile, compression and cyclic loading. This multifunctionality enables the device to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the segment A joint under different working conditions, providing strong support for in-depth study of its mechanical properties.

[0110] In summary, through a series of innovative designs, the present application successfully realizes the real simulation of the stress condition of the segment A joint under seismic conditions, providing strong technical support for in-depth study of the mechanical properties of the segment A joint. The present application not only has high practicality and innovation, but also is expected to bring significant benefits to the engineering field in practical application, promoting the progress and development of related technologies.

[0111] Through the research and application of the device, the in-depth development of the mechanical properties and seismic performance of the segment A joint of the shield tunnel can be further promoted. This not only provides more scientific and reasonable basis for the design, construction and operation of tunnel engineering, but also improves the safety and stability of tunnel engineering, making important contributions to the protection of people's life and property safety and the stable development of social economy.

[0112] See Figure 9 The present application provides a test method for a segment joint of a shield tunnel, which comprises:

[0113] S10, installing the segment A in the loading basket 300.

[0114] Specifically, the segment A can be fixed in the loading basket 300 by adjusting the height of the loading basket 300. Based on the detachable structure, the loading basket 300 can be reused, and the loading basket 300 can also be used for installing and replacing segments A of different specifications. The detachable loading basket 300 design enables flexible adjustment of the stress position according to the actual stress condition of the segment A joint during the test loading process, so as to adapt to the test requirements of different types of segment A joints.

[0115] S20, fixing both ends of the segment A through the rod cylinder paste assembly 400.

[0116] The above pair of rod cylinder paste assemblies 400 clamps both ends of the segment A, which is used to simulate the installation state of the tunnel segment A in the actual project and simulate the influence of the grouting process on the segment A joint, so as to avoid the gap and virtual displacement energy consumption problem that may occur when stressed. The first rod cylinder paste assembly 400 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reaction frame 100, so that the segment A joint can simulate a certain rotational degree of freedom during the test process, which is closer to the actual working condition.

[0117] The above rod cylinder paste assembly 400 ensures the close and seamless fixing between the non-joint side of the segment A and the reaction frame 100, and realizes the complete bonding between the segment A and the reaction frame 100. This design significantly reduces the energy loss in the load transmission process and effectively reduces the virtual displacement energy consumption between the non-joint side of the segment A and the reaction frame 100 in the actual loading process, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0118] For example, the first inner wall 110 in the shield tunnel segment joint test device can be arranged in the horizontal direction, and the second inner wall 120 can be arranged in the vertical direction. Based on the above arrangement, the first force applying assembly 200 can be used to apply a bending moment in the vertical direction to the segment A joint, simulating the bending moment in the vertical direction that the segment A receives in the tunnel. The second force applying assembly 500 can be used to apply a horizontal force to one end of the segment A joint, simulating the horizontal extrusion effect between the segments A in the tunneling process.

[0119] S30, starting the second force applying assembly 500 to apply a second direction thrust to the segment A.

[0120] The second direction is perpendicular to the second inner wall 120, for example, it can be a horizontal direction. The second support 700 can be a sliding hinge support.

[0121] First, the oil cylinder of the second jack 520 is started, so that the piston of the second jack 520 extends in the second direction to apply a set thrust in the second direction to the second support 700 at the end; then the segment A joint test information acquisition system is started to detect and record the instantaneous mechanical behavior of the segment A joint.

[0122] Then, the bending resistance test of the pipe piece A joint under the cyclic load is formally carried out, and the following steps S40 and S0 are alternately repeated during the test until the test target is completed, the whole process is continuous, and the stress condition of the pipe piece A under the real earthquake can be well simulated.

[0123] S40, the first force applying assembly 200 is started, and the pipe piece A is alternately loaded with positive and negative bending moments in the first direction.

[0124] The first direction is perpendicular to the first inner wall 110, for example, it can be a vertical direction, and the following is described by taking the vertical direction as an example.

[0125] The oil cylinder of the first jack 210 is started, the piston of the jack is extended downward, a set downward pressure is applied to the actuator 220, the pressure on the actuator 220 is transmitted to both sides of the joint of the left and right pipe pieces A through the detachable loading basket 300, the positive bending moment loading of the pipe piece A joint is realized, and the loading is maintained until the set longitudinal displacement of the pipe piece A joint is reached.

[0126] Then, the oil cylinder of the first jack 210 is started, the piston of the jack is retracted upward, a set upward pulling force is applied to the actuator 220, the pressure on the actuator 220 is transmitted to both sides of the joint of the left and right pipe pieces A through the detachable loading basket 300, the negative bending moment loading of the pipe piece A joint is realized, and the loading is maintained until the set longitudinal displacement of the pipe piece A joint is reached.

[0127] The shield tunnel pipe piece joint test method provided by the embodiment of the application provides a stable and solid support structure through the counterforce frame 100; the loading basket 300 is arranged, the stress position can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual stress condition of the pipe piece A joint, and the pipe piece A of different specifications can be installed and replaced; the first force applying assembly 200 and the second force applying assembly 500 are arranged, the pipe piece A is applied with loads along two perpendicular directions; the rod cylinder slurry assembly 400 is arranged, the seamless fixing between the non-joint side of the pipe piece A and the inner wall of the counterforce frame 100 is ensured, and the non-joint side of the pipe piece A is completely bonded with the rod cylinder slurry assembly 400. This not only effectively reduces the energy loss of the two perpendicular loads in the transmission process, but also greatly reduces the virtual displacement energy consumption between the non-joint side of the pipe piece A and the rod cylinder slurry assembly 400 during the loading process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. When the cyclic loading test of the reciprocating load is carried out, the method can be started and stopped according to the set time step, the positive and negative bending moments are alternately loaded without gap, and the cyclic reciprocating is realized, so that the bending resistance cyclic loading test of the pipe piece A joint under the bidirectional reciprocating load (earthquake) is simplified.

[0128] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this document is merely used to describe associated objects, and can represent three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. The specific meaning can be understood according to the context before and after it.

[0129] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or the like means any combination of the items, including any combination of single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0130] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined according to their functions and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0131] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A test device for shield tunnel segment joints, characterized in that, The device includes: reaction frame; The first force-applying component, one end of which is fixedly disposed on the first inner wall of the reaction frame, is used to alternately apply positive bending moment and negative bending moment in the first direction to the tube segment; A loading basket is detachably connected to the end of the first force-applying component, and the loading basket clamps the tube segment. The loading basket includes a pair of parallel frames and a vertical connecting member. The inner side of the frame of the loading basket abuts against the tube segment through a rolling member. A pair of rod cylinder assemblies, the pair of rod cylinder assemblies clamping both ends of the tube segment, and the first rod cylinder assembly being rotatably connected to the inner wall of the reaction frame; The second force-applying component has a first end connected to the second inner wall and a second end rotatably connected to the second rod cylinder assembly, wherein the second inner wall is perpendicular to the first inner wall; The second support is movably disposed on the third inner wall, which is parallel to the first inner wall; The second rod cylinder assembly is connected to the second end of the second force application assembly via the second support; The rod-tube propeller assembly includes: A caliper clamp is provided to hold the end of the tube segment, and the caliper clamp is provided with a fixing hole corresponding to the anchor hole at the end of the tube segment; An anchor bolt, which passes through the anchor hole and the fixing hole; Grouting body, which fills all gaps between the clamping clamp, the end of the segment and the anchor bolt; The rod-tube propeller assembly also includes: A sleeve is disposed in the anchor hole, and the anchor rod passes through the sleeve; The second force-applying component includes: A guide member, the guide member being connected to a third inner wall, the third inner wall being parallel to the first inner wall; The second jack has its first end fixedly connected to the second inner wall, and its second end passes through the guide and is connected to the second support, for applying a thrust in the second direction to the tube segment; The guide component includes: A pair of side plates, the side plates being connected to the third inner wall; A top plate, the top plate being connected to the ends of a pair of side plates; A roller is disposed between the top plate and the second jack, and between the second jack and the third inner wall; The top plate is connected to the ends of a pair of side plates, forming a zigzag structure, which together with the third inner wall constitutes a closed structure, limiting the direction of force applied by the second jack from all sides.

2. The shield tunnel segment joint testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first force-applying component includes: a first jack and an actuator; The first inner wall of the reaction frame, the first jack, the actuator, and the loading basket are connected in sequence.

3. The shield tunnel segment joint testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading basket has a pair of frames arranged opposite to each other, and the frames are provided with connection holes; The vertical connector connects a pair of frames based on the connecting hole, such that the inner side of the frame abuts against the tube segment via a rolling element.

4. The shield tunnel segment joint testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The device further includes: The first support is used to connect the rod cylinder assembly to the inner wall of the reaction frame.

5. A test method for the joint of shield tunnel segments, characterized in that, The method using the shield tunnel segment joint testing device according to any one of claims 1-4 includes: Install the segments in the loading basket; The two ends of the pipe segment are fixed by the clamps, anchor bolts, sleeves and grouting bodies of the grouting assembly; The second jack in the second force application assembly is activated to apply a set thrust in the second direction to the second support at the end, so as to apply the thrust in the second direction to the tube segment along the guide. The first force-applying component is activated to alternately apply positive and negative bending moments in the first direction to the segment.

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