A multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure

Abstract

This invention relates to a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure, belonging to the fields of near-eye display and micro-projection. It includes a display module, an optical module, and an intelligent module. The display module consists of one or more micro-display chips, their driving circuits, and a power supply. The optical module comprises multiple micro / nano optical elements and micro-collimation structures that regulate light. The intelligent module consists of a thermally conductive film, sensors, a microprocessor, lenses, and temples. This invention provides an image source through multiple micro-display chips embedded in lenses and regulates light using the optical module. It can directly synthesize images in the human eye, reducing convergence-focusing conflict and creating a retinal-like projection effect. Depending on the display requirements, it can directly display a large-size virtual image composed of multiple micro-display chips in the human eye. Alternatively, it can superimpose red, green, and blue monochrome micro-display chips within the eyeball to form a color image, or combine with an eyepiece to display an image with a certain depth, achieving a stereoscopic virtual image display effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of near-eye display and micro-projection, and specifically relates to a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure. Background Technology

[0002] Near-eye display, also known as head-mounted display or wearable display, creates virtual images within the field of view of one or both eyes. It uses a display device placed at a distance from the human eye's direct vision to render light field information, thereby reconstructing a virtual scene in front of the eyes. Near-eye displays include augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR). Virtual reality (VR) technology allows users to immerse themselves in virtual objects; augmented reality (AR) technology allows users to see virtual objects superimposed with information from the real world, greatly expanding the user's perceptual interface; near-eye display technology products are developing towards being lighter, thinner, and more portable, while the content rendered by near-eye displays is also required to be more comfortable, more realistic, and smoother.

[0003] Traditional near-eye display structures suffer from problems such as low projected image resolution, convergence-focusing conflict (VAC), eye strain from prolonged viewing, small size, small eye box, large system volume, and negative impact on user experience.

[0004] Pico projection: A miniaturized projection technology that projects images or videos onto a screen or other surface using a high-brightness LED or laser light source. Pico projection devices are typically small, portable, and flexible, suitable for various environments and applications.

[0005] Traditional micro-projectors primarily rely on LEDs or lasers as light sources, utilizing technologies such as DLP, LCoS, and LBS to achieve projection displays. Because the light source and image source are generated by different devices, the structure has significant limitations (limitations of traditional light field displays). Traditional micro-projectors cannot achieve true miniaturization. However, using micro-display chips with micron-level pixels (Micro-LED / Micro-QLED / Micro-OLED / Micro-PeLED) and nano-level pixels (Nano-LED / Nano-QLED / Nano-OLED / Nano-PeLED) to replace the light source and image source can greatly simplify the structure, providing a better approach to projection miniaturization. However, when traditional micro-projectors are applied to near-eye display devices, limitations such as large size and lack of structural flexibility remain. Furthermore, full-color micro-display chips face manufacturing challenges and issues like color crosstalk during use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art by providing a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure, which mainly consists of a display module, an optical module, and an intelligent module.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure, comprising a display module, an optical module, and an intelligent module;

[0008] The display module consists of multiple microdisplay chips, driving circuits, and a power supply. The microdisplay chips include, but are not limited to, micro-LED / Micro-QLED / Micro-OLED / Micro-PeLED chips with micron-level pixels, and nano-LED / Nano-QLED / Nano-OLED / Nano-PeLED chips with nanon-level pixels. This module mainly generates microdisplay images, and display chips in different areas can display the same or different images. When displaying the same image, the brightness of the images entering the eye is superimposed. When displaying different images, the individual images should be tiled and combined into a complete image entering the eye.

[0009] The optical module comprises multiple micro / nano optical elements and multiple micro-collimation structures. The micro / nano optical elements include, but are not limited to, subwavelength gratings, photonic crystals, and metasurfaces. The micro-collimation structures include, but are not limited to, geometric optical elements such as microlenses and TIR lenses, or array structures composed of at least one of the following: metasurfaces, photonic crystals, or other diffractive optical elements. The optical module modulates, superimposes, and aligns the light emitted from the display module, then directly directs it into the human eye.

[0010] The intelligent module consists of a thermally conductive film, sensors, a microprocessor, transparent electrodes, a battery, lenses, and temples. Its main function is to intelligently adjust the light emission mode by monitoring the external environment and the position of the human eye, and to rationally control the system's energy to timely remove the heat generated by the microdisplay chip and microprocessor, thus maintaining the normal operation of the system.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the display module is used to generate micro-display images. When the single micro-display chip can only display monochrome images, the entire display module consists of multiple monochrome micro-display chips, their driving circuits, and power supplies. In this case, the multiple monochrome micro-display chips should display different primary color images, and the superimposed image is a full-color image. When the single micro-display chip directly displays a full-color image, the single micro-display chip contains at least three different monochrome pixel distributions, and the entire display module can consist of at least one full-color micro-display chip, its driving circuit, and power supply. In this case, the superimposed image is a synchronized image with different brightness or an image with different depth information. When the ambient light intensity changes, the display should automatically adjust the micro-display brightness according to different lighting conditions.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the display module is composed of multiple monochrome microdisplay chips, it is embedded as a complete display unit inside or outside the lens or deployed around the lens frame. The normal direction of its light-emitting surface should point to the center of the human pupil. The plane of the microdisplay chip has different slopes at different positions, and the deviation angle between each chip is within the range of ±30 degrees. The microdisplay chips deployed inside or outside the lens can be in the center or around the lens. The arrangement of the units composed of monochrome microdisplays includes, but is not limited to, a triangular or linear arrangement. When the display module is composed of multiple color microdisplay chips, the multiple color microdisplay chips can be deployed inside or outside the lens or around the lens frame in any arrangement and at any angle.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical module is used to superimpose and align the image emitted by the display chip, allowing it to directly enter the human eye. The micro-collimation structure is used to collimate the light beam emitted by the micro-display chip. Each micro-collimation structure corresponds one-to-one with the micro-display chip. Different micro-collimation structures are used for different wavelengths of light. The micro-collimation system can be placed close to the micro-display chip or maintain a certain focusing distance from it, approximately the focal length of the micro-collimation system. Micro-nano optical elements are optical elements with thickness and feature dimensions on the nanometer or micrometer scale, which have a modulating effect on the light field. Different micro-nano optical elements are used for different wavelengths of light. For micro-display chips at different locations, the angle at which the micro-nano optical elements deflect the light satisfies the following formula: Where f is the focal length, and x and y are the position coordinates of the microdisplay chip on the lens or frame. The position of the micro-nano optical element can be close to the collimation structure or at a distance from the collimation structure.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the minimum unit period of the micro / nano optical elements in the optical module needs to satisfy the Schneider sampling law, i.e. Where U is the minimum period, λ is the operating wavelength, and NA is the numerical aperture; the micro / nano optical element can achieve optical field modulation by changing the phase of light rays. This structure needs to satisfy a phase change of 0-2π, a light transmittance of more than 50%, and the phase accumulated during transmission must satisfy... The refractive index of the medium is n, the working wavelength is λ, and the distance the electromagnetic wave travels in the medium is d.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical system, through designs such as eccentricity and off-axis, can superimpose and align the monochrome display content of multiple microdisplay chips, and after synthesis, reconstruct multicolor and color displays in the human eye. The multicolor and color displays include, but are not limited to, red, green and blue three-primary-color displays, red, green, blue, cyan, magenta and yellow six-primary-color displays, and red, green, blue, cyan, purple and yellow six-primary-color displays. The displayed image is determined by each microdisplay chip.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical system, through designs such as eccentricity and off-axis, can superimpose and align the display content of multiple microdisplay chips, so that the small-capacity display on a single microdisplay chip can be synthesized and reconstructed into a large-capacity display in the human eye. This includes, but is not limited to, synthesizing multiple small-capacity displays such as 160X120, 320X240, and 2KX1K and reconstructing them into large-capacity displays such as 2KX1K, 4KX2K, and 8KX4K in the human eye.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the overall structure of the system displays a depth image, the arrangement period and the smallest unit structure of the micro-nano elements at different locations are different; the image intensity rendered on each depth plane is proportional to the refractive distance from the plane to the observer's eye along the line of sight, thus obtaining a three-dimensional scene with continuous depth perception. The distance between different depth images can be determined using algorithms including, but not limited to, linear depth weighted mixing algorithms and nonlinear depth weighted mixing algorithms; at the same time, the sum of image intensities is kept constant on all depth planes; the system also needs to add an eyepiece system behind the lenses. The eyepiece system can be made of glass, plastic, or crystal materials. The lens group structure includes, but is not limited to, Fresnel optical surfaces, metasurfaces, folded optical paths, pancakes, doublets, liquid crystal lenses, etc. Its function is to form a virtual image of the light collector for the human eye to view, or the eyepiece system can provide refractive compensation and has a corrective effect.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the system displays a large virtual image stitched together from multiple microdisplay chips. The specific structures of the micro-nano elements corresponding to the microdisplay chips at different positions are different. The distribution of microdisplay chips can be symmetrically deployed along the center of the eye axis. When the microdisplay chips are not symmetrically deployed, the system can still image normally, but the image uniformity will also be reduced.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the intelligent module thermally conductive film includes, but is not limited to, circular, square, and polygonal shapes, and the material includes, but is not limited to, metals and alloys. When a material with a high thermal conductivity is selected, the heat dissipation capacity of the system can be increased. Alternatively, a silicone grease layer can be added to the heat-generating parts of the system, including, but not limited to, microdisplay chips, or a coolant can be added to the middle of the temples to achieve a cooling function. Batteries can be deployed on both sides of the temples to provide power to the system, including, but not limited to, zinc series batteries, nickel series batteries, lithium series batteries, manganese dioxide series batteries, and air (oxygen) series batteries. A transparent conductive film is deployed on the lens, including, but not limited to, ITO (tin-doped indium trioxide) and AZO (aluminum-doped zinc oxide), and its function is to illuminate the pixels and transport electrical energy to the system.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the system can add an intelligent module to each microdisplay chip to increase the system's adaptability and stability. The main function of the sensor is to track the eyeball and provide real-time feedback to control the orientation of the virtual image projection, so that the virtual image is displayed in the center of the human eye in real time. The sensor capturing the human eye's movement can be a sensor or a camera. The sensor includes, but is not limited to, a photosensor, and the camera includes, but is not limited to, an infrared camera and a depth camera. The sensor or camera can be located on the inside of the temple or on the frame. The data captured by the camera or sensor is transmitted to the microprocessor for further processing.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical steering device of the intelligent module functions to control the projection angle of the microdisplay chip and change the focal length. The adjustment method of the mechanical steering device includes, but is not limited to, rotational and multi-directional telescopic types. The shape includes, but is not limited to, cylindrical, spherical, polygonal, annular or a combination of annular and cylindrical. The material includes, but is not limited to, alloy, metal or plastic. The deployment position is the backlight surface of the microdisplay chip, and the other side is in close contact with the lens. Alternatively, each light-emitting surface of the microdisplay chip is designed to point at a specific angle to the human eye, ensuring that the distance the human eye moves within a certain range is within the focal coverage area. In this case, a mechanical rotation device is not required.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the system can adjust the focal length by designing multi-focal micro-nano optical elements. Each micro-nano optical element may have multiple focal points, or the light emitted by micro-nano optical elements at different positions may be focused on the front, middle and back sides of the human eye. Alternatively, multiple micro-nano optical elements may be designed on each micro-display chip, and the focal length of the emitted light may be changed by the lateral displacement between several micro-nano optical elements. The maximum zoom factor depends on the maximum misalignment distance between several micro-nano optical elements.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the microprocessor used in the intelligent module controls the light emission angle of the microdisplay chip and can also control the brightness of the microdisplay. It can control the microdisplay chip within the human eye's visual range to turn on or increase its brightness when the human eye moves, while controlling the microdisplay chip outside the human eye's visual range to turn off or decrease its brightness, thus saving energy. Furthermore, depending on the ambient light intensity, a sensor can measure the ambient light intensity, and the microprocessor can calculate the light intensity compensation required for the projection. When the ambient light intensity increases, the brightness of the virtual image projection can be increased; when the ambient light intensity decreases, the brightness of the virtual image projection can be decreased. Regarding different ambient light colors, the microprocessor can run image processing algorithms to adjust parameters such as image contrast, color temperature, and saturation. Alternatively, an achromatic eyepiece can be added between the human eye and glasses to achieve color adjustment and compensation.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lens used in the intelligent module can be a single lens or a complex internal lens system composed of many lens elements; the materials used include, but are not limited to, glass, plastic, etc. When a liquid crystal lens is used, the state of the liquid crystal can be controlled by an electric field. When the liquid crystal lens transmits light, it realizes augmented reality (AR) and when the liquid crystal lens blocks light, it realizes virtual reality (VR) function.

[0025] Compared to existing technologies, this invention offers the following advantages: By providing an image source through multiple microdisplay chips embedded in lenses and controlling light using an optical module, this invention can directly synthesize images in the human eye, mitigating convergence-focusing conflict (VAC) and creating a retinal-like projection effect. Furthermore, the system can directly display a large-size virtual image composed of multiple microdisplay chips in the human eye, or it can superimpose red, green, and blue monochrome microdisplay chips within the eyeball to form a color image, or combine with an eyepiece to display an image with a certain depth, achieving a stereoscopic virtual image display effect. This invention features high system integration, lightweight design, and small size. It also avoids the problems of low yield rates and complex manufacturing processes associated with full-color microdisplay chips. Simultaneously, it aligns with the trend towards lighter and more portable wearable electronic devices and can be applied to near-eye display devices such as smart helmets and smart glasses. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is an overall view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a partial ray diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a high-capacity display according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of the reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] Figure 1 , 2 10: Single micro-projection structure; 101-103: First to third blue light micro-projection structures; 121-123: First to third red light micro-projection structures; 131-133: First to third green light micro-projection structures; 1011: First micro / nano optical element; 1012: First micro-collimation structure; 1013: First micro-display chip; 1021: Second micro / nano optical element; 1022: Second micro-collimation structure; 1023: Second micro-display chip; 1031: Third micro / nano optical element; 1032: Third micro-collimation structure; 1033: Third micro-display chip; 111: Lens; 112: Temple; 113: Eyeball; 114: Light beam; 116: Vision sensor; 117: Microprocessor; 118: Frame; 119: Thermal conductive film.

[0037] Figure 3 100: Single RGB micro-projection structure; 1001-1008: First to eighth RGB micro-projection structures; 1011: First micro / nano optical element; 1012: First micro-collimation structure; 1013: First micro-display chip; 1021: Second micro / nano optical element; 1022: Second micro-collimation structure; 1023: Second micro-display chip; 1031: Third micro / nano optical element; 1032: Third micro-collimation structure; 1033: Third micro-display chip; 111: Lens; 112: Temple; 113: Eyeball; 114: Light beam; 116: Vision sensor; 117: Microprocessor; 118: Frame; 119: Thermal conductive film.

[0038] Figure 41011: First micro / nano optical element; 1012: First micro-collimation structure; 1013: First micro-display chip; 1021: Second micro / nano optical element; 1022: Second micro-collimation structure; 1023: Second micro-display chip; 1031: Third micro / nano optical element; 1032: Third micro-collimation structure; 1033: Third micro-display chip; 111: Lens; 112: Temple; 113: Eyeball; 114: Light beam; 1151: First mechanical rotation device; 1152: Second mechanical rotation device; 1153: Third mechanical rotation device; 116: Vision sensor; 117: Microprocessor.

[0039] Figure 5 1011: First micro / nano optical element; 1012: First micro-collimation structure; 1013: First micro-display chip; 1021: Second micro / nano optical element; 1022: Second micro-collimation structure; 1023: Second micro-display chip; 1031: Third micro / nano optical element; 1032: Third micro-collimation structure; 1033: Third micro-display chip; 113: Eyeball; 114: Light ray; 1131: Rear eyeball position; 1132: Center eyeball position; 1133: Forward eyeball position.

[0040] Figure 6 1011: First micro / nano optical element; 1012: First micro-collimation structure; 1013: First micro-display chip; 1021: Second micro / nano optical element; 1022: Second micro-collimation structure; 1023: Second micro-display chip; 1031: Third micro / nano optical element; 1032: Third micro-collimation structure; 1033: Third micro-display chip; 113: Eyeball; 114: Light ray; 1141: First image plane; 1142: Second image plane; 1143: Third image plane; 1110: Eyepiece.

[0041] Figure 7 10: Single micro-projection structure; 101-108: First to eighth micro-projection structures; 111: Lens; 112: Temple; 116: Visual sensor; 117: Microprocessor; 118: Frame.

[0042] Figure 8 1011: First micro-nano optical element, 1012: First micro-collimation structure, 1013: First micro-display chip, 1031: Third micro-nano optical element, 1032: Third micro-collimation structure, 1033: Third micro-display chip, 113: Eyeball, 114: Light ray. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] This invention provides preferred embodiments, which are only used for further explanation of the invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of protection of the invention to the embodiments set forth herein. The following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0045] This invention proposes a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure, comprising a display module, an optical module, and an intelligent module;

[0046] The display module consists of multiple microdisplay chips, driving circuits, and a power supply. The microdisplay chips include, but are not limited to, micro-LED / Micro-QLED / Micro-OLED / Micro-PeLED chips with micron-level pixels, and nano-LED / Nano-QLED / Nano-OLED / Nano-PeLED chips with nanon-level pixels. This module mainly generates microdisplay images, and display chips in different areas can display the same or different images. When displaying the same image, the brightness of the images entering the eye is superimposed. When displaying different images, the individual images should be tiled and combined into a complete image entering the eye.

[0047] The optical module comprises multiple micro / nano optical elements and multiple micro-collimation structures. The micro / nano optical elements include, but are not limited to, subwavelength gratings, photonic crystals, and metasurfaces. The micro-collimation structures include, but are not limited to, geometric optical elements such as microlenses and TIR lenses, or array structures composed of at least one of the following: metasurfaces, photonic crystals, or other diffractive optical elements. The optical module modulates, superimposes, and aligns the light emitted from the display module, then directly directs it into the human eye.

[0048] The intelligent module consists of a thermally conductive film, sensors, a microprocessor, transparent electrodes, a battery, lenses, and temples. Its main function is to intelligently adjust the light emission mode by monitoring the external environment and the position of the human eye, and to rationally control the system's energy to timely remove the heat generated by the microdisplay chip and microprocessor, thus maintaining the normal operation of the system.

[0049] The following are specific implementation examples of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this invention provides a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure, which includes three main modules: a display module, an optical module, and an intelligent module. The display module consists of micro-display chips 1013, 1023, 1033, etc., capable of generating micro-display images, along with their driving and power supply components. The optical module comprises multiple micro / nano optical elements 1011, 1021, 1031, etc., used to control the light field distribution, and multiple micro-collimation structures 1012, 1022, 1032, etc., used to collimate the light beam emitted by the display module. Each micro-display chip is equipped with one micro / nano optical element and one micro-collimation structure. These three parts are combined into an integrated micro-projection structure 10. The micro-projection structure 10 can be classified according to projection optics into blue light micro-projection structures 101, 102, 103, red light micro-projection structures 121, 122, 123, and green light micro-projection structures. 131, 132, and 133 are micro-projection structures distributed in different positions on the lens according to different colors. Blue micro-projection structures 101, 102, and 103 are distributed in the right column, red micro-projection structures 121, 122, and 123 are distributed in the middle column, and green micro-projection structures 131, 132, and 133 are distributed in the left column. The light 104 emitted from different areas is superimposed at the human eye 113 to realize the color projection of the monochrome micro-display chip. The intelligent module consists of lens 111, temple 112, sensor 116, microprocessor 117, and thermal conductive film 119. Its main functions are: sensor 116 monitors the external environment and the position of the human eye 113; microprocessor 117 intelligently adjusts the system's light emission mode to control the brightness of the micro-display chip; and thermal conductive film 119 dissipates the heat generated by the micro-display chip and microprocessor 117 to maintain the normal operation of the system. The optical structure of this system can directly synthesize images in the human eye, reduce convergence-focusing conflict (VAC), and form a retinal-like projection effect. This system has high integration, light weight, and small size. Furthermore, it avoids the problems of low yield rate and complex manufacturing process of full-color microdisplay chips. At the same time, it conforms to the development trend of lightweight wearable electronic devices and can be applied to near-eye display devices such as smart helmets and smart glasses.

[0052] In this embodiment, microdisplay chips 1013, 1023, 1033, etc., are used to generate microdisplay images, including but not limited to microdisplay chips with micron-level pixels such as Micro-LED / Micro-QLED / Micro-OLED / Micro-PeLED, and light-emitting display chips with nanon-level pixels such as Nano-LED / Nano-QLED / Nano-OLED / Nano-PeLED. This module mainly generates microdisplay images, and display chips in different areas can display the same or different images. When displaying the same image, the brightness of the image entering the eye is superimposed. When displaying different images, the images should be tiled and combined into a complete image entering the eye 113.

[0053] The optical module consists of multiple micro / nano optical elements (1011, 1021, 1031, etc.) and multiple micro-collimation structures (1012, 1022, 1032, etc.). The micro / nano optical elements include, but are not limited to, subwavelength gratings, photonic crystals, and metasurfaces. The micro-collimation structures include, but are not limited to, geometric optical elements such as microlenses and TIR lenses, or array structures composed of at least one of the following: metasurfaces, photonic crystals, or diffraction optical elements. The optical module modulates, superimposes, and aligns the light emitted from the display module, then directly directs it into the human eye.

[0054] The specific operating state of the optical structure described herein is as follows:

[0055] The system synthesizes a color image in the human eye by projecting images from different monochrome micro-display units deployed in different zones on the lens. Micro-display chips 1013, 1023, 1033, etc. generate micro-display images, which are then collimated by micro-collimation structures 1012, 1022, 1032, etc. before entering micro-nano optical elements 1011, 1021, 1031, etc. After light field modulation, the light rays 114 emitted by each micro-projection structure 101-108 converge on the human eye 113. Display chips in different areas can display the same or different images. When displaying the same image, the brightness of the converged image entering the eye is superimposed. When displaying different images, the images should be tiled and combined into a complete image entering the human eye 113.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] like Figure 3As shown, this invention provides a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure, which includes three main modules: a display module, an optical module, and an intelligent module. The display module consists of micro-display chips 1013, 1023, 1033, etc., capable of generating micro-display images, along with their driving and power supply components. The optical module comprises multiple micro / nano optical elements 1011, 1021, 1031, etc., used to control the light field distribution, and multiple micro-collimation structures 1012, 1022, 1032, etc., used to collimate the light beam emitted by the display module. Each micro-display chip is equipped with one micro / nano optical element and one micro-collimation junction. The structure, a single RGB micro-projection structure 100, includes three different monochrome micro-displays: red, blue, and green. The RGB micro-projection structures 1001-1008 are deployed on a lens, arranged in a triangular pattern, though other arbitrary arrangements can also be used. The micro-nano optical elements and micro-collimation structures require specific designs based on the different wavelengths of the various displays within the RGB micro-projection structure 100. After passing through the optical module, the light directly enters the human eye, where it is superimposed and synthesized to achieve color projection from the monochrome micro-display chip. The intelligent module is similar to that in Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here. The optical structure of this system can directly synthesize images in the human eye, mitigating convergence-focusing conflict (VAC) and creating a retinal-like projection effect. This system boasts high integration, light weight, and small size, avoiding the problems of low yield and complex manufacturing processes associated with full-color micro-display chips. It also aligns with the trend towards lightweight wearable electronic devices and can be applied to near-eye display devices such as smart helmets and smart glasses.

[0058] The requirements for the display module, optical module, and intelligent module in this embodiment are similar to those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0059] The specific operating state of the optical structure described herein is as follows:

[0060] The system synthesizes a color image in the human eye by projecting images from multiple RGB micro-projection structures 100 deployed on the lens. Micro-display chips 1013, 1023, 1033, etc. generate micro-display images, which are then collimated by micro-collimation structures 1012, 1022, 1032, etc. before entering micro-nano optical elements 1011, 1021, 1031, etc. After light field modulation, the light rays 114 emitted by each micro-projection structure 1001-1008 converge on the human eye 113. Display chips in different areas can display the same or different images. When displaying the same image, the brightness of the images converged into the eye is superimposed. When displaying different images, the images should be tiled and combined into a complete image entering the human eye 113.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] like Figure 4As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure. This embodiment is mostly similar to embodiment 1. The following are the differences. In this embodiment, mechanical rotation devices 1151, 1152, and 1153 are added between the micro-display chips 1013, 1023, and 1033 and the lens 111, and the eye box expansion function is realized by linking with the intelligent module.

[0063] The specific working state of the structure described herein is as follows:

[0064] The system synthesizes a color image in the human eye by projecting images from different monochrome micro-display units deployed on the lens. The vision sensor 116 monitors the dynamics of the eyeball 113 and transmits parameters such as the angle of eyeball deflection to the microprocessor 117. The microprocessor 117 controls the first, second, and third mechanical rotation devices 1151, 1152, and 1153 to rotate by corresponding angles. Micro-display chips 1013, 1023, and 1033 generate micro-display images. After collimation processing by micro-collimation structures 1012, 1022, and 1032, the images enter the micro-nano optical elements 1011, 1021, and 1031. After light field modulation, the light 114 emitted by each micro-projection structure 10 can correctly enter the center of the human eye 113. Display chips in different areas can display the same or different images. When displaying the same image, the brightness of the images entering the eye is superimposed. When displaying different images, the images should be tiled and combined into a complete image entering the human eye 113.

[0065] Example 4:

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure. This embodiment is mostly similar to embodiment 1. The following are the differences. This embodiment designs micro-nano optical elements with different focal lengths so that the optical structure forms a focal point in front of, in the middle of and behind the human eye, thereby increasing the depth of field of the system.

[0067] The specific working state of the structure described herein is as follows:

[0068] The system expands the system's depth of field by focusing images projected by micro-display units of different monochromatic colors deployed on the lenses onto the eye. Micro-display chips 1013, 1023, and 1033 generate micro-display images, which are then collimated by micro-collimation structures 1012, 1022, and 1032. Micro-nano optical elements 1011, 1021, and 1031 control the light rays at different focal lengths and angles. After light field manipulation, the light rays controlled by the first micro-nano optical element 1011 are focused at a position 1131 slightly behind the eyeball, the light rays controlled by the second micro-nano optical element 1021 are focused at a position 1132 in the center of the eyeball, and the light rays controlled by the third micro-nano optical element 1031 are focused at a position 1133 slightly in front of the eyeball, thus increasing the system's depth of field.

[0069] Example 5:

[0070] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure. This embodiment is mostly similar to embodiment 1. The following are the differences. In this embodiment, the micro-projection structure 10 at different positions is projected onto different distances on the line connecting the human eye and the center of the lens. Light is collected by the eyepiece and enters the human eye to display an image with a certain depth, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional virtual image display effect.

[0071] The specific working state of the structure described herein is as follows:

[0072] The system projects light onto the human eye at different distances along the line connecting the center of the lens and the lens using different monochrome micro-display units deployed on the lens. Light is collected by the eyepiece and enters the human eye to form a depth image. Micro-display chips 1013, 1023, and 1033 generate micro-display images, which are then collimated by micro-collimation structures 1012, 1022, and 1032. Micro-nano optical elements 1011, 1021, and 1031 control the light at different focal lengths and angles. After light field manipulation, the light controlled by the first micro-nano optical element 1011 is focused at the second image plane 1142, the light controlled by the second micro-nano optical element 1021 is focused at the third image plane 1143, and the light controlled by the third micro-nano optical element 1031 is focused at the first image plane 1141. The light is then collected by the eyepiece 1110 and enters the human eye 113 to form a depth image, thus achieving a certain stereoscopic display effect.

[0073] Figure 7 This is a global view of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a partial ray diagram of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram for a large-capacity display.

[0074] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any changes made to the technical solution of the present invention that do not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure, characterized in that, It includes a display module, an optical module, and an intelligent module; among which, The display module includes multiple microdisplay chips. The display module is used to generate microdisplay images. The microdisplay chips in different areas display the same or different images. When the same image is displayed, the brightness of the images entering the eye is superimposed. When different images are displayed, the images are tiled and combined into a complete image entering the eye. The optical module controls, superimposes, and synthesizes the light emitted from the display module before it directly enters the human eye. The optical module is deployed on the lens surface or at the output end of the display module. It includes multiple micro-collimating structures and multiple micro / nano optical elements. The micro-collimating structures collimate the light beam emitted by the microdisplay chip; each micro-collimating structure corresponds one-to-one with the microdisplay chip. Different micro-collimating structures are used for different wavelengths of light. The micro-collimating structures are either in close contact with the microdisplay chip or maintain a predetermined focusing distance, which is the focal length of the micro-collimating structure. The micro / nano optical elements are optical elements with thickness and feature dimensions on the nanometer or micrometer scale. They control the light field. Different micro / nano optical elements are used for different wavelengths of light. For microdisplay chips at different locations, the angle at which the micro / nano optical elements deflect the light satisfies the following conditions: Where f is the focal length, x and y are the position coordinates of the microdisplay chip on the lens or frame, and the micro / nano optical element is positioned close to the collimation structure or at a predetermined distance from it. The micro / nano optical element achieves light field modulation by changing the equivalent refractive index and thus altering the phase of the light rays. The minimum unit period of the micro / nano optical element must satisfy the Schneider sampling law, i.e. Where U is the minimum period, λ is the operating wavelength, and NA is the numerical aperture; simultaneously, the micro / nano optical element structure must satisfy a phase change of 0-2π, a light transmittance of over 50%, and the phase accumulated during transmission must satisfy... The equivalent refractive index of the medium is n, and the distance the electromagnetic wave travels in the medium is d. The intelligent module monitors the external environment and the position of the human eye to intelligently adjust the light emission mode, regulate the system's energy, and timely remove heat energy to maintain the normal operation of the system.

2. The multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a single microdisplay chip can only display monochrome images, the display module consists of multiple monochrome microdisplay chips and their corresponding driving circuits and power supply sections. In this case, multiple monochrome microdisplay chips display images of different primary colors, and the superimposed images appearing to the eye are full-color images. When a single microdisplay chip can directly display full-color images, the single microdisplay chip is a full-color microdisplay chip containing at least three different monochrome pixel distributions. The display module consists of at least one full-color microdisplay chip and its corresponding driving circuits and power supply sections. In this case, the superimposed images appearing to the eye are synchronized images with different brightness or images with different depth information. When the ambient light brightness changes, the display module can automatically match and adjust the brightness of the microdisplay according to different lighting conditions.

3. The multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the display module is composed of multiple monochrome microdisplay chips, the normal direction of the light-emitting surface of the display module points to the center of the human eye pupil. The planes of each monochrome microdisplay chip have different slopes at different positions. The monochrome microdisplay chips are arranged in a triangular or linear pattern, and the deviation angle between each microdisplay chip is within ±30 degrees. They are deployed inside the lens, outside the lens, or around the frame. When the display module is composed of at least one full-color microdisplay chip, each full-color microdisplay chip is deployed inside the lens, outside the lens, or around the frame.

4. The multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Micro- and nano-optical elements can also control the light field by adjusting the amplitude, phase, and polarization state of light. When the micro- and nano-optical elements are photonic crystals, the dimensions of the photonic crystals can be one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional. When the micro- and nano-optical elements are metasurfaces, by designing the materials, geometry, feature sizes, and period sizes on the metasurfaces, the free control of different physical quantities, including the amplitude, phase, and polarization of the light field, can be achieved. Phase modulation methods include propagation phase, geometric phase, topological phase, and combinations of multiple phase modulations. When micro / nano optical elements are subwavelength gratings, methods for adjusting the equivalent refractive index include changing the duty cycle and geometry of the subwavelength grating structure.

5. The multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical system of the described structure, through an off-axis and eccentric design, superimposes and integrates the monochrome display content of multiple microdisplay chips. After synthesis, it reconstructs multicolor and color displays in the human eye. The multicolor and color displays include red, green, and blue three-primary-color displays; red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, and yellow six-primary-color displays; and red, green, blue, cyan, purple, and yellow six-primary-color displays. The displayed image is determined by each microdisplay chip. The optical system of the described structure, through an off-axis and eccentric design, superimposes and integrates the display content of multiple microdisplay chips. This allows the small-capacity display on a single microdisplay chip to be synthesized and reconstructed into a large-capacity display in the human eye. This includes synthesizing multiple small-capacity displays with resolutions of 160x120, 320x240, and 2Kx1K, and reconstructing them into large-capacity displays with resolutions of 2Kx1K, 4Kx2K, and 8Kx4K in the human eye.

6. The multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the structure displays a depth image, the arrangement period and smallest unit structure of the micro-nano optical elements at different positions are different. The image intensity rendered on each depth plane is proportional to the refractive distance from the corresponding plane to the observer's eye along the line of sight, resulting in a three-dimensional scene with continuous depth perception. The distance between different depth images is determined using algorithms including linear depth-weighted mixing and nonlinear depth-weighted mixing. At the same time, the sum of image intensities is kept constant across all depth planes. An eyepiece system needs to be added behind the lens. The eyepiece system is made of glass, plastic, or crystal material. The lens group structure includes Fresnel optical surfaces, metasurfaces, folded optical paths, pancakes, cemented doublets, and liquid crystal lenses. The eyepiece system collects light to form a virtual image for the human eye to view, or provides refractive compensation and has a corrective effect. When the structure displays a large-sized virtual image spliced ​​from multiple micro-display chips, the specific structures of the micro-nano optical elements corresponding to the micro-display chips at different positions are different. The distribution of micro-display chips is either symmetrically deployed along the center of the eye axis or not symmetrically deployed along the center of the eye axis.

7. The multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent module includes a thermally conductive film, sensors, a microprocessor, transparent electrodes, a battery, lenses, and temples; The thermally conductive film can be circular or polygonal in shape, and made of metals or alloys. The sensor tracks the eye and provides real-time feedback to control the orientation of the projected virtual image, ensuring it is displayed centered on the eye. Eye movement is captured via sensors or cameras, including photosensitive sensors and infrared or depth cameras. These sensors or cameras are located on the inside of the temples or on the frame. Batteries are deployed on both sides of the temples, including zinc, nickel, lithium, manganese dioxide, and air-based batteries. Transparent electrodes, including ITO and AZO, are deployed on the lenses, illuminating pixels and transporting electrical energy. The microprocessor controls the light-emitting angle of the microdisplay chip and also controls brightness. When the eye moves, it controls the microdisplay chip within the visual field to turn on or increase its brightness, while controlling the microdisplay chip outside the visual field. The display chip is turned off or its brightness is dimmed to save energy. Furthermore, depending on the ambient light level, sensors measure the ambient light intensity, and a microprocessor calculates the required light intensity compensation for the projection. When the ambient light intensity increases, the brightness of the virtual image projection increases; when the ambient light intensity decreases, the brightness of the virtual image projection decreases. For different ambient light colors, the microprocessor runs image processing algorithms to adjust parameters such as contrast, color temperature, and saturation, or color adjustment and compensation are achieved by adding an achromatic eyepiece between the human eye and the structure. The lens can be a single lens or a complex internal lens system composed of many lens elements. The materials used for the lens include glass, plastic, or liquid crystal. When a liquid crystal lens is used, the state of the liquid crystal can be controlled by an electric field. When the liquid crystal lens transmits light, AR (Augmented Reality) is achieved; when the liquid crystal lens blocks light, VR (Virtual Reality) functionality is achieved.

8. The multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The intelligent module also includes a mechanical steering device, which controls the projection angle of the microdisplay chip and changes the focal length. The mechanical steering device can be adjusted by rotation or multi-directional telescopic means, and its shape can be cylindrical, spherical, polygonal, annular, or a combination of annular and cylindrical. The material can be alloy, metal, or plastic. The device is deployed on the backlight side of the microdisplay chip, and the other side of the mechanical steering device is in close contact with the lens.

9. The multifunctional near-eye micro-projection display optical structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The structure adjusts the focal length by designing multi-focal micro-nano optical elements. Specifically, each micro-nano optical element has multiple focal points, or the light emitted by micro-nano optical elements at different positions is focused on the front, middle, and back sides of the human eye, or multiple micro-nano optical elements are designed on each micro-display chip, and the focal length of the emitted light is changed by the lateral displacement between several micro-nano optical elements. The maximum zoom factor depends on the maximum misalignment distance between several micro-nano optical elements.

Images